Oncology Commons^™

Systemic Inflammation Is Associated With Disease Extent And Survival In Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Brendan Coutu, Dallin N. Christensen, Evan Ryan, Elizabeth Bradford Bell, Weining Zhen, Zafar Sayed

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Background: Although systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) correlates with patient survival in various solid malignancies limited information is available in the setting of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC).

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 222 patients who underwent a resection of curative intent for patients with OCSCC. SII was determined prior to surgical resection as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count.

Results: At a median follow-up of 30.6 months, 2-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were 63.9% and 76.4%, respectively. A high SII (>1047) was associated with poor performance status and disease extent. A low SII was independently …

Adenocarcinoma Of The Transverse Colon Presenting As Anterior Abdominal Wall Abscess, Jenn Klein, Nima Avin, Sunil Gandhi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction

Locally invasive colon carcinoma comprises a small fraction of the incidence of colon carcinoma. Complications, such as perforation and obstruction, can occur in less than 0.5% of cases and often present differently based on location.

Case Presentation

We present a case of an 85-year-old woman who presented with an acute abdominal wall abscess which was caused by perforation of transverse colon carcinoma.

Conclusion

En-bloc resection increases 5-year survival, and adjuvant chemotherapy reduces the risk of recurrence in patients with stage II resectable colon carcinoma.

Hlh-Like Toxicities Predict Poor Survival After The Use Of Tisagenlecleucel In Children And Young Adults With B-All., Kevin O. Mcnerney, Stephanie J. Si Lim, Kyle Ishikawa, Alexandra Dreyzin, Anant Vatsayan, John J. Chen, Christina Baggott, Snehit Prabhu, Holly L. Pacenta, Christine Philips, Jenna Rossoff, Heather E. Stefanski, Julie-An Talano, Amy Moskop, Michael Verneris, Douglas Myers, Nicole A. Karras, Patrick Brown, Challice L. Bonifant, Muna Qayed, Michelle Hermiston, Prakash Satwani, Christa Krupski, Amy K. Keating, Susanne H C Baumeister, Vanessa A. Fabrizio, Vasant Chinnabhandar, Emily Egeler, Sharon Mavroukakis, Kevin J. Curran, Crystal L. Mackall, Theodore W. Laetsch, Liora M. Schultz

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Chimeric antigen receptor-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)-like toxicities (LTs) involving hyperferritinemia, multiorgan dysfunction, coagulopathy, and/or hemophagocytosis are described as occurring in a subset of patients with cytokine release syndrome (CRS). Case series report poor outcomes for those with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) who develop HLH-LTs, although larger outcomes analyses of children and young adults (CAYAs) with B-ALL who develop these toxicities after the administration of commercially available tisagenlecleucel are not described. Using a multi-institutional database of 185 CAYAs with B-ALL, we conducted a retrospective cohort study including groups that developed HLH-LTs, high-grade (HG) CRS without HLH-LTs, or no to low-grade …

Scutellaria Baicalensis Enhances 5-Fluorouracil-Based Chemotherapy Via Inhibition Of Proliferative Signaling Pathways, Haizhou Liu, Hui Liu, Zhiyi Zhou, Jessica Chung, Guojing Zhang, Jin Chang, Robert A Parise, Edward Chu, John C Schmitz

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Fluoropyridine-based chemotherapy remains the most widely used treatment for colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, we investigated the mechanism by which the natural product Scutellaria baicalensis (Huang Qin; HQ) and one of its main components baicalin enhanced 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) antitumor activity against CRC. Cell proliferation assays, cell cycle analysis, reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) analysis, immunoblot analysis, and qRT-PCR were performed to investigate the mechanism(s) of action of HQ and its active components on growth of CRC cells. HQ exhibited in vitro antiproliferative activity against drug resistant human CRC cells, against human and mouse CRC cells with different genetic backgrounds and …

Analysis Of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Genotype In Hemophilia A Patients, Murtadha Ali Hadi, Wijdan Nazar Ibrahim, Meaad Kadhum Hassan

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background Hemophilia A, an X-linked bleeding disorder, is caused by a complete or partial deficiency in Factor VIII. Multiple factors play a role in the development and progression of bleeding episodes, especially arthropathy, in hemophilia patients. Objectives Detection of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)-173 G/C polymorphism in people with hemophilia A (PWH) and the possible associations between the type of MIF gene polymorphism and selected disease-related variables. Subjects and Methods This case–control study included 95 male patients aged 2 months to 63 years with hemophilia A and 95 nonhemophiliac subjects matched for age and sex. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (AS-PCR) …

Oncotypedx Testing Does Not Benefit Patients With Grade 1, Estrogen And Progesterone Receptor Positive Breast Cancers: A Tailorx Validated Study, Udai S. Sibia, W. Charles Mylander, Tasha Martin, Martin Rosman, Thomas J. Sanders, Young Lee, Lorraine Tafra, Rubie S. Jackson

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background & Objectives We previously described a predictive AAMC model that identifies patients (grade 1, hormone positive) who would not benefit from OncotypeDX testing. The purpose of this study was to validate the AAMC model by assessing distant recurrence-free interval (DRFI) and invasive disease-free survival (IDFS) using TAILORx clinical trial data. Materials & Methods We retrospectively analyzed TAILORx trial data and categorized patients based on the AAMC model. AAMC low-risk patients are those with grade 1 and hormone positive tumors. Kaplan-Meier curves examined DRFI and IDFS. Results Of the total 9195 cases, 2246 (24.4%) were identified as AAMC low-risk. Among …

Post Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Care In The “Home Sweet Home” Setting: A Treatment Paradigm Shift, Mohamed A. Kharfan-Dabaja, Vivek Roy, Hemant Murthy, Deborah Fischer, Razan Mohty, Ashley Greathouse, Alethea Brown, Kathryn Moreno, Emily Godsey, Jennifer M. Higginbotham, Ashley Bartholomew, Alexis Jackson, Ricardo A. Torres-Guzman, Antonio J. Forte, Sikander Ailawadhi, Roxana Dronca, Michael Maniaci

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematologic malignancy with 34,470 estimated new cases in 2022. High-dose therapy followed by autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) is a standard treatment for MM even in the era of novel therapies. This is usually done in hospital-based setting, whether in the inpatient or outpatient units. Advanced Care at Home (ACH) represents a virtual hybrid hospital-at-home program that combines a virtual provider-staffed command center with vendor-mediated supply chain capable of delivering high-acuity care in the comfort of patient’s own homes. In our program, we leveraged the existing ACH platform to deliver post-HCT care …

Cytogenetically Normal Acute Myeloid Leukaemia At A Single Centre In South Africa, Nicholas Jenkins, Lee-Ann Phillips, Marian Stone, Estelle Verburgh, Jenna Oosthuizen, Karen Shires

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background: The heterogeneous molecular landscape of cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (CN-AML) renders it an ongoing therapeutic challenge. The European Leukaemia Net 2017 guidelines attempted to address this by guiding post-remission therapy according to six prognostically informative mutations. However, its applicability in a South African setting remains elusive due to limited local data. Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to describe a South African CN-AML cohort according to clinicopathological, molecular and treatment outcomes and consequently investigate the local applicability of a triple-mutation testing approach for risk stratification in accordance with the ELN 2017 guidelines, using nucleophosmin (NPM1), fms-like tyrosine kinase internal …

Peritoneal And Pleural Drains In Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplant Recipients With Veno-Occlusive Disease Are Safe And Do Not Adversely Impact Clinical Outcomes, Hemalatha G. Rangarajan, Vinita B Pai Pharm, Joseph R. Stanek, Cassandra Rush Pharm, Jeffrey Naples, Misti Drope, Veronika Polishchuk, Rolla Abu Arja, Rajinder Ps Bajwa

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

There is a lack of data on the safety and efficacy of peritoneal drain (PD) and chest tube (CT) in the management of effusions in stem cell transplant recipients with veno-occlusive disease (VOD). In this retrospective pediatric study we compared the clinical outcomes and health resource utilization (HRU) in 32 patients with VOD who had a PD placed (PD+) post HCT with 27 patients who did not (PD-). Nine patients had a CT (7 PD+ and 2 PD-). PD+ patients were more likely than PD- patients to have received myeloablative conditioning (100% vs 85.2%; p=0.04) and have severe or very …

Post-Transplantation Cyclophosphamide Based Graft-Versus-Host-Disease Prophylaxis Compared To Methotrexate-Cyclosporine A In Matched Related Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Mohamed Shouman, Osman Mansour, Mosaad M. El Gammal, Raafat Abdel-Fattah, Mohamed A. Samra, Alaa El Haddad, Mohamed Maher, Hossam K. Mahmoud

Hematology/Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy

Background: Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) has shown promising results with low rates of severe graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD), either alone or combined with conventional immunosuppression (CIS). However, studies comparing PTCy with CIS as a GVHD prophylaxis are scarce.

Objective: The study aimed to evaluate the rates of GVHD and survival outcomes in patients undergoing peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) from HLA matched related donors (MRD) receiving PTCy based GVHD prophylaxis and to compare it with the outcomes of patients receiving methotrexate (MTX) and cyclosporine-A (CsA) as a GVHD prophylaxis.

Patients and Methods: Seventy-five patients with advanced hematologic malignancies who underwent MRD allogeneic …

Parabens Promote Protumorigenic Effects In Luminal Breast Cancer Cell Lines With Diverse Genetic Ancestry, Jazma L. Tapia, Jillian C. Mcdonough, Emily L. Cauble, Cesar G. Gonzalez, Dede K. Teteh, Lindsey S. Treviño

Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles

Context

One in 8 women will develop breast cancer in their lifetime. Yet, the burden of disease is greater in Black women. Black women have a 40% higher mortality rate than White women, and a higher incidence of breast cancer at age 40 and younger. While the underlying cause of this disparity is multifactorial, exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in hair and other personal care products has been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. Parabens are known EDCs that are commonly used as preservatives in hair and other personal care products, and Black women are disproportionately exposed …

Tebentafusp In Combination With Durvalumab And/Or Tremelimumab In Patients With Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma: A Phase 1 Study, Omid Hamid, Jessica C. Hassel, Alexander N. Shoushtari, Friedegund Meier, Todd M. Bauer, April K.S. Salama, John M. Kirkwood, Paolo A. Ascierto, Paul C. Lorigan, Cornelia Mauch, Marlana Orloff, Thomas R. Jeffry Evans, Chris Holland, Ramakrishna Edukulla, Shaad E. Abedin, Mark R. Middleton

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have significantly improved outcomes in first line cutaneous melanoma. However, there is a high unmet need for patients who progress on these therapies and combination therapies are being explored to improve outcomes. Tebentafusp is a first-in-class gp100×CD3 ImmTAC bispecific that demonstrated overall survival (OS) benefit (HR 0.51) in metastatic uveal melanoma despite a modest overall response rate of 9%. This phase 1b trial evaluated the safety and initial efficacy of tebentafusp in combination with durvalumab (anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PDL1)) and/or tremelimumab (anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4) in patients with metastatic cutaneous melanoma (mCM), the majority …

A Review Of Isomirs In Colorectal Cancer, Molly A. Lausten, Bruce M. Boman

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

As advancements in sequencing technology rapidly continue to develop, a new classification of microRNAs has occurred with the discovery of isomiRs, which are relatively common microRNAs with sequence variations compared to their established template microRNAs. This review article seeks to compile all known information about isomiRs in colorectal cancer (CRC), which has not, to our knowledge, been gathered previously to any great extent. A brief overview is given of the history of microRNAs, their implications in colon cancer, the canonical pathway of biogenesis and isomiR classification. This is followed by a comprehensive review of the literature that is available on …

Long-Term Outcomes Of Bevacizumab And Chemoradiation For Locoregionally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Nonrandomized Controlled Trial, Nancy Y. Lee, Jonathan Harris, John Kim, Adam Garden, James Mechalakos, David G. Pfister, Anthony T.C. Chan, Kenneth Hu, A. Dimitrios Colevas, Steven Frank, George Shenouda, Voichita Bar-Ad, John N. Waldron, Paul M. Harari, Adam Raben, Pedro Torres-Saavedra, Quynh-Thu Le

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: The long-term outcomes associated with adding bevacizumab, a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, to standard chemoradiation have continued to be favorable for a group of patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

OBJECTIVE: To assess long-term toxic effects and clinical outcomes associated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy (RT), and bevacizumab for NPC.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This single-arm phase II nonrandomized controlled trial was conducted by the National Cancer Trials Network group and NRG Oncology (formerly Radiation Therapy Oncology Group), with accrual from December 13, 2006, to February 5, 2009, and data analysis from June 26 to July 1, 2019. …

Measurable Residual Disease And Fusion Partner Independently Predict Survival And Relapse Risk In Childhood Kmt2a-Rearranged Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Study By The International Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group, Romy E. Van Weelderen, Kim Klein, Christine J. Harrison, Yilin Jiang, Jonas Abrahamsson, Nira Arad-Cohen, Emmanuelle Bart-Delabesse, Barbara Buldini, Barbara De Moerloose, Michael N. Dworzak, Sarah Elitzur, José M. Fernández Navarro, Robert B. Gerbing, Bianca F. Goemans, Hester A. De Groot-Kruseman, Erin M. Guest, Shau-Yin Ha, Henrik Hasle, Charikleia Kelaidi, Hélène Lapillonne, Guy Leverger, Franco Locatelli, Riccardo Masetti, Takako Miyamura, Ulrika Norén-Nyström, Sophia Polychronopoulou, Mareike Rasche, Jeffrey E. Rubnitz, Jan Stary, Anne Tierens, Daisuke Tomizawa, C Michel Zwaan, Gertjan J L Kaspers

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Purpose: A previous study by the International Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster Study Group (I-BFM-SG) on childhood KMT2A-rearranged (KMT2A-r) AML demonstrated the prognostic value of the fusion partner. This I-BFM-SG study investigated the value of flow cytometry-based measurable residual disease (flow-MRD) and evaluated the benefit of allogeneic stem-cell transplantation (allo-SCT) in first complete remission (CR1) in this disease.

Methods: A total of 1,130 children with KMT2A-r AML, diagnosed between January 2005 and December 2016, were assigned to high-risk (n = 402; 35.6%) or non-high-risk (n = 728; 64.4%) fusion partner-based groups. Flow-MRD levels at both end of induction 1 (EOI1) …

Physician Perceptions On Cancer Screening For Lgbtq+ Patients, Nicolas Nelson, Joseph F. Lombardo, Ayako Shimada, Marissa L. Ruggiero, Alexandria P. Smith, Kevin Ko, Amy E. Leader, Edith P. Mitchell, Nicole L. Simone

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

The LGBTQ+ community experiences cancer disparities due to increased risk factors and lower screening rates, attributable to health literacy gaps and systemic barriers. We sought to understand the experiences, perceptions, and knowledge base of healthcare providers regarding cancer screening for LGBTQ+ patients. A 20-item IRB-approved survey was distributed to physicians through professional organizations. The survey assessed experiences and education regarding the LGBTQ+ community and perceptions of patient concerns with different cancer screenings on a 5-point Likert scale. Complete responses were collected from 355 providers. Only 100 (28%) reported past LGBTQ+-related training and were more likely to be female (p = …

Elevated Inos And 3'-Nitrotyrosine In Kaposi's Sarcoma Tumors And Mouse Model, Olga Vladimirova, Samantha Soldan, Chenhe Su, Andrew Kossenkov, Owen Ngalamika, For Yue Tso, John T. West, Charles Wood, Paul M. Lieberman

LSU-LCMC Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) is a heterogenous, multifocal vascular malignancy caused by the human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8), also known as Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus (KSHV). Here, we show that KS lesions express iNOS/NOS2 broadly throughout KS lesions, with enrichment in LANA positive spindle cells. The iNOS byproduct 3-nitrotyrosine is also enriched in LANA positive tumor cells and colocalizes with a fraction of LANA-nuclear bodies. We show that iNOS is highly expressed in the L1T3/mSLK tumor model of KS. iNOS expression correlated with KSHV lytic cycle gene expression, which was elevated in late-stage tumors (>4 weeks) but to a lesser degree in …

Impact Of An Expanded Definition Of Family History On Outcomes Of Active Surveillance For Prostate Cancer, Adam C. Schneider, Thenappan Chandrasekar, Nicholas Bowler, Ryan Fogg, Joon Yau Leong, Andrew Gusev, Linda H. Rodgers, Shelley R. Mccormick, Douglas M. Dahl, Jason A. Efstathiou, Michael L. Blute, Anthony L. Zietman, Chin-Lee Wu, Matthew R. Smith, Eliezer M. Van Allen, Adam S. Feldman, Keyan Salari

Department of Urology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Despite family history being an established risk factor for prostate cancer, the role of a broader definition of family history inclusive of not just prostate cancer but other genetically related malignancies has not been investigated in the active surveillance population. Here, we evaluate the impact of an expanded definition of family history on active surveillance outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients undergoing active surveillance for prostate cancer at Massachusetts General Hospital from 1997-2019 with detailed data available on family cancer history were identified. Primary outcome was biopsy progression-free survival, and secondary outcomes were treatment-free survival, adverse pathological features at prostatectomy, …

A Review Of The Current State Of Global Surgical Oncology And The Role Of Surgeons Who Treat Cancer: Our Profession’S Imperative To Act Upon A Worldwide Crisis In Evolution, Aaron C. Saunders, Miriam Mutebi, T. Subramanyeshwar Rao

General Surgery, East Africa

Worldwide, the capacity of healthcare systems and physician workforce is woefully inadequate for the surgical treatment of cancer. With major projected increases in the global burden of neoplastic disease, this inadequacy is expected to worsen, and interventions to increase the workforce of surgeons who treat cancer and strengthen the necessary supporting infrastructure, equipment, staffing, financial and information systems are urgently called for to prevent this inadequacy from deepening. These efforts must also occur in the context of broader healthcare systems strengthening and cancer control plans, including prevention, screening, early detection, safe and effective treatment, surveillance, and palliation. The cost of …

Long Noncoding Rna Expression Independently Predicts Outcome In Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia., Jason E. Farrar, Jenny L. Smith, Megan Othus, Benjamin J. Huang, Yi-Cheng Wang, Rhonda Ries, Tiffany Hylkema, Era L. Pogosova-Agadjanyan, Sneha Challa, Amanda Leonti, Timothy I. Shaw, Timothy J. Triche, Alan S. Gamis, Richard Aplenc, E Anders Kolb, Xiaotu Ma, Derek L. Stirewalt, Todd A. Alonzo, Soheil Meshinchi

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Purpose: Optimized strategies for risk classification are essential to tailor therapy for patients with biologically distinctive disease. Risk classification in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML) relies on detection of translocations and gene mutations. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) transcripts have been shown to associate with and mediate malignant phenotypes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but have not been comprehensively evaluated in pAML.

Methods: To identify lncRNA transcripts associated with outcomes, we evaluated the annotated lncRNA landscape by transcript sequencing of 1,298 pediatric and 96 adult AML specimens. Upregulated lncRNAs identified in the pAML training set were used to establish a regularized …