Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Pessary Use In Urology Clinics, Kathy Z. Lu Bs, Emily Brodowsky Md, Alex Stephens Ms, Samantha Raffee Md, Humphrey Atiemo Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Pessaries are a non-invasive treatment option for patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) or stress urinary incontinence (SUI). There is currently limited data regarding pessary usage among urology patients. The aim of this study is to determine the patient characteristics that predict long term pessary usage versus surgical intervention.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of pessary usage in women with either SUI or POP was performed. Patients were stratified into pessary longevity of less than or greater than one year. Quality of life measures before and after pessary use included pads per day, incontinence symptom index (ISI) scores, and …

Exploring The Effects Of Amniotic Bladder Therapy On Female Sexual Dysfunction In Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Patients, Jonathan D. Lutchka, Jack Vercnocke Md, David Pearlman Md, Aron Liaw Md, Nivedita Dhar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction and Objectives: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is commonly associated with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS). FSD manifests as abnormalities in sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, pain, distress, and satisfaction. Our primary objective was to assess the impact of micronized amniotic membrane injections (AM) on FSD and lower urinary tract symptoms using comprehensive measures, including the multi-domain Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI).

Methods: Study participants included patients diagnosed with IC/BPS and FSD refractory to traditional therapies. Under general anesthesia, these …

Assessment Of Breastfeeding Education In Medical Training, Saranya Madan, Abigail Kuplicki

Medical Student Research Symposium

In 2019, the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine issued a revised set of educational objectives for medical trainees at various stages of education. In this statement, objectives for medical school were broken down into preclinical and clinical training objectives. In this project, our goal is to assess the degree to which medical training at Wayne State University School of Medicine is addressing these aims.

The assessment of breastfeeding education is accomplished by surveying medical students at various stages of training (M1-M4) and eliciting their level of confidence in and understanding of the topics outlined in the objectives by the Academy of …

Dhea: A Neglected Biological Signal That May Affect Fetal And Child Development, Natasha A. Bailey, Elysia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The stress-sensitive maternal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis through the end-product cortisol, represents a primary pathway through which maternal experience shapes fetal development with long-term consequences for child neurodevelopment. However, there is another HPA axis end-product that has been widely ignored in the study of human pregnancy. The synthesis and release of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) is similar to cortisol, so it is a plausible, but neglected, biological signal that may influence fetal neurodevelopment. DHEA also may interact with cortisol to determine developmental outcomes. Surprisingly, there is virtually nothing known about human fetal exposure to prenatal maternal DHEA and offspring neurodevelopment. The current study …

Recent Studies In The Surgical Treatment Of Tetralogy Of Fallot, Emma C. Gardner

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

No abstract provided.

Ogilvie's Syndrome: Acute Colonic Pseudoobstruction. A Review For Residents., Tyler Bayliss, Caleb Clark, Errington C. Thompson

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Ogilvie's syndrome (acute colonic pseudoobstruction) was first described in 1948. Acute colonic pseudoobstruction can occur in a variety of clinical settings, including postsurgical, obstetrics, pelvic surgery, critical care and sepsis. Clinicians need to recognize the syndrome early. Colonic distention without evidence of obstruction can be seen on plain films of the abdomen or CT scan. Successful therapies, including bowel rest, neostigmine and colonoscopic decompression, have been used. Avoiding respiratory compromise from abdominal distention and colonic perforation of the primary goals of treatment. Surgical intervention should be reserved for patients who are refractory to medical treatment or develops signs and symptoms …

Comparing The Trends Of Postpartum Depression Screening Scores During And Before The Covid-19 Pandemic, Elif S. Duran, Dung Dang, Tony Ogburn

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Postpartum depression includes major and minor depressive disorder affecting women in the time period after childbirth. The studies reviewed in our literature found that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of postpartum depression for women. Our study location, the Rio Grande Valley is one of the hardest hit locations by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Our patient population is also one with the higher risk factors for postpartum depression. As such, we are expecting the psychological impact of the pandemic to be even more magnified and thus, actions need to be taken to support the vulnerable …

Editorial: Care During Pregnancy And Early Childhood For Growth And Development In Low- And Middle- Income Countries, Ranadip Chowdhury, Ravi Prakash Upadhyay, Bireshwar Sinha, Nita Bhandari, Sunita Taneja, Jai K. Das

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Pre And Post Foley Catheter Bishop’S Score: A Retrospective Record Review At Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan, Ayesha Malik, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Farheen Yousuf, Azra Amerjee, Sumaira Naz, Safna Naozer Virji Safna Naozer Virji

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To compare pre and post Foley's catheter Bishop Score during labour induction.
Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan after approval from ethical review board. All women who underwent induction of labour with Foley's Catheter at gestation of 37 weeks or more from September 2014-October 2015 were included. Data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. The comparison between pre and post Foley's catheter Bishop Score during labour induction will be calculated by Wilcoxon sign test.
Results: There were 981 cases of inductions of …

Evaluating The Effect Of Maternal Non-Communicable Disease On Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Birthweight In Pakistan, A Facility Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Esther Wainwright, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Yousuf, Raheela Khan, Matthew Elmes

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) claim 74% of global lives, disproportionately affecting lower and middle-income countries like Pakistan. NCDs may increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB), caesarean section (CS), and low birthweight. This study aims to determine whether the high prevalence of NCDs in Pakistan play a role in the high rates of preterm births, and CS. This retrospective cohort study from Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, investigated effects of pre-existing NCDs on pregnancy outcomes of 817 pregnant women. Medical records were used to generate odds ratios for the risk of PTB, labour outcome and birthweight in women with type 1 …

Identifying Opportunities For Prevention Of Adverse Outcomes Following Female Genital Fistula Repair: Protocol For A Mixed-Methods Study In Uganda, Alison El Ayadi, Susan Obore, Fred Kirya, Suellen Miller, Abner Korn, Hadija Nalubwama, John Neuhaus, Monica Getahun, Patrick Eyul, Robert Twine, Erin Andrew, Justus Barageine

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Female genital fistula is a traumatic debilitating injury, frequently caused by prolonged obstructed labor, affecting between 500,000-2 million women in lower-resource settings. Vesicovaginal fistula causes urinary incontinence, and other morbidity may occur during fistula development. Women with fistula are stigmatized, limit social and economic engagement, and experience psychiatric morbidity. Improved surgical access has reduced fistula consequences yet post-repair risks impacting quality of life and well-being include fistula repair breakdown or recurrence and ongoing or changing urine leakage or incontinence. Limited evidence on risk factors contributing to adverse outcomes hinders interventions to mitigate adverse events. This study aims to quantify …

Infant Growth And Body Composition From Birth To 24 Months: Are Infants Developing The Same?, Shane A. Norris, Lukhanyo H. Nyati, Alexia Murphy Alford, Nishani Lucas, Ina S. Santos, Caroline S. Costa, Rebecca Kuriyan, V Pujitha Wickranasinghe, Shabina Ariff, Andrew P. Hills

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Given the importance of infancy for establishing growth trajectories, with later-life health consequences, we investigated longitudinal body composition among infants from six economically and ethnically diverse countries.
Methods: We recruited mother-infant dyads using the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study criteria. We measured fat-free mass (FFM) in 1393 (49% female) infants from birth to 6 months of age (Australia, India, and South Africa; n = 468), 3-24 months of age (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka; n = 925), and derived fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length …

How To Create This Gynecological Task Trainer, Jami Monico, Karen S. Carlson

Posters and Presentations: Obsetrics & Gynecology

This document contains instructions for how to create a gynecological task trainer with a 3D-printed uterus and silicone cervix.

Uterine Rupture In The First Trimester: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Steve Mutiso, Felix Oindi, Debbie Mundia

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Uterine rupture is a rare complication that can occur in the frst trimester of pregnancy. It can lead to serious maternal morbidity or mortality, which is mostly due to catastrophic bleeding. First trimester uterine rupture is rare; hence, diagnosis can be challenging as it may be confused with other causes of early pregnancy bleeding such as an ectopic pregnancy. We present a case of frst trimester scar dehiscence and conduct a literature review of this rare condition.

Case presentation: A 39-year-old African patient with four previous hysterotomy scars presented with severe lower abdominal pain at 11 weeks of gestation. …

Amniotic Fluid Level Effect On The Accuracy Of Sonographic Estimated Fetal Weight At Term, Mohamed Elsibai Anter, Sayed Abdel-Moneim Mahmoud, Alaa Eldeen Fathallah El-Halaby, Mohamed Shawky Abdullah, Eslam Omar Yosre Elsarrag

Menoufia Medical Journal

Objective: to study amniotic fluid index (AFI) effect on estimated fetal weight (EFW) measurement accuracy at term. Background: amniotic fluid assessment by ultrasound at full term is an essential factor of the fetal biophysical profile and confirm fetal well-being. Method: we conducted a prospective cohort study on 129 medically free pregnant women divided into three groups according to AFI with ratio 1:1:1: oligohydramnios group (43 cases AFIcm), polyhydramnios group (43 cases AFI>24 cm) and cases had normal volume of amniotic fluid (43 cases AFI between 5 cm and 24 cm). Results: we found highly significant difference among studied groups …

Cervical Cancer Education & Prevention For Women In The Philippines, Kate Isabel Juanillo

Nursing | Senior Theses

Although cervical cancer is preventable, it continues to pose a significant health concern in the Philippines as evidenced by high cervical cancer diagnosis rates. The purpose of this quantitative study is to investigate low cervical cancer screening rates and the effectiveness of educational interventions in increasing awareness and screening rates. A literature review will examine topics such as low cervical cancer screening rates, cervical cancer screening methods, and barriers. This research proposal involves a quasi-experimental study that investigates education as an intervention for increasing cervical cancer awareness and cervical cancer screening rates. Fifty Filipino women will be randomly assigned to …

The Education Prescription: Exploring The Potential Of Patient Education To Reduce Mental Health Issues In Hormonal Contraceptive Users, Maria Abraham

Nursing | Senior Theses

The many birth control options available impact a woman’s life, as hormonal contraceptives are commonly used but often misunderstood. These contraceptives, which contain progestin only, or estrogen and progestin combined, can come in various forms such as pills, implants, IUDs, injections, the vaginal ring, and skin patches. They offer benefits such as reduced menstrual cramps and ectopic pregnancy risk. However, they may lead to adverse side effects which can include increased blood pressure, nausea, headaches, breakthrough bleeding, and a higher risk of blood clots, with research indicating a potential link between oral contraceptive use and a decline in the user’s …

Obstetrics Emergency Labor And Delivery Case Simulations With Normal Vaginal Delivery Demonstration: A Hands-On Simulation For Clerkship Students, Emily A. Young, William A. Winter, Robyn N. D'Agostino, Rose A. Maxwell, Sheela Barhan, Marilyn Kindig

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

Introduction: Simulation is rarely used for medical student education in the field of obstetrics. This method is an effective model of learning for topics that are encountered in clinical situations and for topics that pose significant risk to patients when an untrained individual is involved. Methods: A 2-hour obstetric delivery simulation session was developed and incorporated into the third-year obstetrics and gynecology clerkship rotation at Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine. Medical students completed self-guided content reviews with resources provided prior to the session. During the session, each medical student conducted a normal vaginal delivery and one of the …

Incidence Of Postprocedural Microembolic Events Following Carotid Artery Stenting Without Protection Devices, Hussein Awad El-Gharieb, Mahmoud Ibrahim El-Shamy, Mahmoud Galal Ahmed, Ahmed Elsaid Elsayed Mohammed, Ahmed Gamal Mohammed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: There is debate about the efficacy and complications of The utilisation of carotid artery stenting in the management of carotid artery stenosis, in the absence of embolic protective devices. Objective: To estimate the incidence of microembolic events in CAS procedures without protection device. Patients and Methods: Fifty-three patients with carotid artery stenosis who attended The Neurology Clinic of Kobri El-Koba Military and Al-Hussien University Hospitals, Egypt from July 2022 to March 2023. Undergoing carotid artery stenting without protection devices. Outcome was assessed clinically with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) and radiologically …

Role Of Transcerebellar Diameter And Abdominal Circumference In Assessment Of Gestational Age In Both Normal And Intrauterine Growth Restricted Fetuses, Mohamed Mohamed Gebril, Mofeed Fawzy Mohamed, Mohamed Hamdy Elshabrawy Mohamed

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The process of providing obstetric and neonatal care, in addition to the monitoring of the outcomes of pregnancy by the public health system, requires an accurate estimate of the gestational age of the fetus. An incorrect estimation of the mother's gestational age has been associated with several different unfavorable birth outcomes, for example low birth weight, spontaneous preterm delivery, and death during the perinatal period. Aim and objectives: Identifying a Reliable Method for 2nd and 3rd Trimester Gestational Age Assessment and IUGR Diagnosis. Subjects and methods: This 2-dimensional ultrasound study included 100 pregnant patients at Al Azhar University Hospitals' …