Surgery Commons^™

What Did We Learn About Vads In 2022?, Maya Guglin

The VAD Journal

This is our 9^th annual literature review on mechanical circulatory support devices. Our previous reports were well received by the readers.

In this paper, we summarized the most interesting and important, from our standpoint, publications from 2022. There may be some slight overlap with the end of 2021 because some papers were published online first, and the year of the publication changed when they became available in print.

For the sixth time, we wrote a section on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) which primarily addresses new developments in veno-arterial ECMO.

Readers who wish to supplement this review, argue with the …

Impact Of Perioperative Dexamethasone On Hospital Length Of Stay And Glycemic Control In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty, Vanessa Williams, Mohammad J. Uddin Ansari, Amruta Jaju, Stacey Ward, Daniel O'Keefe, Jumana Abdelkarim, Nicole Montes, Ula Tarabichi, Albert Botchway, Michael G. Jakoby Iv

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate effects of perioperative dexamethasone on hospital length of stay (LOS) and glycemic control for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).

Methods: We performed retrospective case review of THA performed in adults (≥ 18 years old) with type 2 diabetes at Springfield Memorial Hospital (Springfield, IL) immediately before (2013), during (2014), and after (2015) publication of consensus guidelines for use of perioperative dexamethasone. Hospital LOS was the primary endpoint. Capillary blood glucose by hospital day, proportion of patients treated with insulin, and median insulin dose by hospital day …

Routine Pathologic Examination Of The Femoral Head In Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Survey Study Of The American Association Of Hip And Knee Surgeons, Sumon Nandi, Javad Parvizi, Aahks Research Committee

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Background: Current literature does not provide conclusive evidence on whether routine pathologic examination of femoral heads from total hip arthroplasty is indicated or cost-effective. As a result, there is substantial variation in opinion among surgeons related to this issue. Our study aim was to determine factors that impact surgeon propensity to order pathologic examination of femoral heads.

Methods: A 12-question survey was created to evaluate surgeon practices, indications, and patient care implications surrounding routine pathologic examination of femoral heads. The email survey was distributed to all members of the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (n = 2598).

Results: …

Relationship Of Abdominal Circumference And Trunk Length With Spinal Anesthesia Block Height In Geriatric Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection Of Prostate, Muhammad Yahya, Aliya Ahmed, Iayla Fatima, Muhammad Nasir

Department of Anaesthesia

Introduction: Spinal anesthesia is commonly used for various surgical procedures. Prediction of spinal anesthesia block height is always a challenging task for anesthetists. Higher than desired levels of spinal anesthesia blocks are associated with serious side effects, while inadequate block height does not provide satisfactory surgical anesthesia. In this study, we observed the relationship between the ratio of trunk length (TL) and square of the abdominal circumference (AC²) and spinal anesthesia sensory block height in geriatric patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
Material & Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the Aga Khan University …

Graph Theoretical Measures Of Fast Ripple Networks Improve The Accuracy Of Post-Operative Seizure Outcome Prediction, Shennan A Weiss, Itzhak Fried, Chengyuan Wu, Ashwini Sharan, Daniel Y. Rubinstein, Jerome Engel, Michael R Sperling, Richard J Staba

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Fast ripples (FR) are a biomarker of epileptogenic brain, but when larger portions of FR generating regions are resected seizure freedom is not always achieved. To evaluate and improve the diagnostic accuracy of FR resection for predicting seizure freedom we compared the FR resection ratio (RR) with FR network graph theoretical measures. In 23 patients FR were semi-automatically detected and quantified in stereo EEG recordings during sleep. MRI normalization and co-registration localized contacts and relation to resection margins. The number of FR, and graph theoretical measures, which were spatial (i.e., FR rate-distance radius) or temporal correlational (i.e., FR mutual information), …

Unsupervised Machine Learning Using K-Means Identifies Radiomic Subgroups Of Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas That Correlate With Key Molecular Markers, Debanjan Haldar, Anahita Fathi Kazerooni, Sherjeel Arif, Ariana Familiar, Rachel Madhogarhia, Nastaran Khalili, Sina Bagheri, Hannah Anderson, Ibraheem Salman Shaikh, Aria Mahtabfar, Meen Chul Kim, Wenxin Tu, Jefferey Ware, Arastoo Vossough, Christos Davatzikos, Phillip B Storm, Adam Resnick, Ali Nabavizadeh

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Introduction: Despite advancements in molecular and histopathologic characterization of pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs), there remains significant phenotypic heterogeneity among tumors with similar categorizations. We hypothesized that an unsupervised machine learning approach based on radiomic features may reveal distinct pLGG imaging subtypes.

Methods: Multi-parametric MR images (T1 pre- and post-contrast, T2, and T2 FLAIR) from 157 patients with pLGGs were collected and 881 quantitative radiomic features were extracted from tumorous region. Clustering was performed using K-means after applying principal component analysis (PCA) for feature dimensionality reduction. Molecular and demographic data was obtained from the PedCBioportal and compared between imaging subtypes.

Results: …

Comparison Ultrasound-Guided Handheld Vacuum Assisted Breast Biopsy And Core Biopsy In Breast Cancer, Anak Agung Ngurah Bagus Satya Sueningrat, Mendy Mendy

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Needle biopsy, including core needle biopsy (CNB) and vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VABB) with or without radiological support) is the initial investigative method of choice for the preoperative diagnosis of breast lesions. Ultrasound-guided VABB (US-VABB) has become widely accepted because of its high accuracy. In this review, the diagnostic performance indices of CNB were compared with US-VABBB techniques.

Method. A literature search proceeded in online databases compiling studies from the last 20 years in the PubMed, EBSCOhost, ScienceDirect, and ProQuest databases. Eighteen eligible studies compared US-VABB and CNB for diagnostic accuracy. All studies were cohort retrospective. This literature search proceeded …

Surgical Intervention For Endobronchial Tuberculosis With Total Bronchial Occlusion: A Case Report, Muhammad A. Putra, Matthew Billy, Radhyaksa Ardaya, Rut Hp Ekasiwi, Sari Rahmawati, Karel Hs Sumarsudi

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Endobronchial Tuberculosis (EBTB) is a specific TB form affecting the tracheobronchial tree with microbial and histopathological evidence. Early diagnosis is essential to provide timely treatment and prevent complications but also proves difficult due to the low positive rate of acid–fast bacilli (AFB) staining of sputum smears and non–specific clinical and radiological findings.

Case Illustration. We reported a 19–year–old man with a productive cough suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis, with a positive GeneXpert test and negative AFB smear. He received anti–tuberculosis drugs for six months. Although the symptoms initially seemed to improve, the patient complained of dyspnea during moderate activities in …

The Potential Of Liquid For Breast Cancer: A Review, Sonar Soni Panigoro, Clarissa Kezia Yuella -

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Tissue biopsy is the current gold standard for cancer diagnosis, targeted treatment, and prognosis. However, biopsy is an invasive procedure that could result in postoperative bleeding, pain, and infection. Such limitations may now be resolved by the clinical technique known as liquid biopsy, which enables a better representation of disease status.

Method. This literature review was conducted through online databases (PubMed, Ascopubs, EuroPMC) using the following keywords: "liquid biopsy", "ctDNA", "CTC", "breast cancer", "pathogenesis of breast cancer", "tumor microenvironment”, “ctdna detection technologies”, "early diagnosis", "targeted therapy" ,"monitoring disease progression”, and "prognosis”. The literature search was conducted using the PRISMA …

Quality Of Life And Its Associated Factors In Patients After Esophagectomy At A Single National Referral Center, Dogma H. Sirirui, Agi S. Putranto

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Esophagectomy is the standard surgical treatment for resectable esophageal cancer patients. However, the success rate for this procedure was about 25–35% and was associated with a severe risk of postoperative complications. In addition, patients after esophagectomy have decreased their quality of life (QOL), but no research has been done in Indonesia. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the quality of life after esophagectomy in Indonesia based on the patient population at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH).

Method. A retrospective study was conducted using quality–of–life instruments issued by the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC). …

Prognostic Factors Of Myasthenia Gravis Remission After Thymectomy At National Referral Hospital In Indonesia, Suprayitno Wardoyo, Winda J. Layardi

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Thymectomy is a recommended treatment for myasthenia gravis, enfacing the problem of a low remission rate. However, Indonesian-specific characteristics of myasthenia gravis are somehow different from those of well-developed countries. Thus, identifying prognostic factors influencing remission is required for patient selection to provide optimal preoperative issues.

Methods. A retrospective cohort proceeded in our tertiary hospital, enrolling those diagnosed with myasthenia gravis who underwent thymectomy for four years. Disease period modified Osserman classification, age, sex, preoperative plasmapheresis, preoperative steroid therapy, type of surgery, and thymic pathology were the variables of interest for three-year follow-up. In addition, these variables …

Prognostic Factors For Mortality Of Pediatric Burn Injury In A National Tertiary Referral Center, Heru Angkoso, Aria Kekalih

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. In Indonesia, burn injuries cause about 195,000 deaths annually. Data from the Ministry of the Health Republic of Indonesia showed the incidence of burns predominated at 1-4 years old. The mortality of pediatric burn patients in a tertiary hospital was 37.26%. This study aimed to find an association between known and unknown prognostic factors of mortality in Indonesian-specific characteristics.

Method. A retrospective analytical study included all pediatric burns admitted to Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH) from 1998 to 2010. Variables within a period of the first 72 hours of admission were the focus of interest and were extracted …

Potential Of Tumor Cell Seeding And Clinical Impact On Percutaneous Breast Biopsy Tracks: A Literature Review, I G.N. Gunawan Wibisana, Muhammad Mirwan

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. Based on its effectiveness, a percutaneous breast biopsy was chosen because it has minimum side effects and fewer complications, does not distort the breast tissue architecture, and can be performed on an outpatient basis. However, the biopsy can damage the integrity of tumor cells, creating seeding at the site of the track made. Therefore, core biopsy is the method of choice for breast lesion sampling using a 14G needle that provides greater sensitivity. This study aims to explain whether the percutaneous biopsy track has the potential for the formation of tumor cell seeding and its clinical impact.

Methods …

Transplantation In Pediatrics Liver Failure Associated With Acute Hepatitis Of Unknown Etiology, Afid B. Putra, Agi S. Putranto, Muftah Risyaldi, Luthfian A. Nurachman

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. On 5^th April 2022, some cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children were reported in the United Kingdom. Since then, the number has increased rapidly, with 650 probable cases identified worldwide. This review focuses on available information about managing acute liver failure (ALF) in pediatrics with acute hepatitis of unknown etiology through the perspective of hepatobiliary surgery.

Method. A literature review proceeded on some databases, namely PubMed and Google Scholar. Epidemiological data and technical policy were obtained from World Health Organization and some government institutions.

Results. Severe acute hepatitis can progressively develop into acute liver …

The Correlation Between Premenopausal Estrogen And Estrogen Receptors In Breast Cancer, Ahmad Kurnia, Dedy Pratama, Muhammad Mirwan

The New Ropanasuri Journal of Surgery

Introduction. The correlation between the premenopausal estrogen hormone and estrogen receptors is unknown. The hormone estrogen has a risk factor for causing breast cancer. Meanwhile, the estrogen receptor plays a role in determining further treatment plans in breast cancer patients. Patients with high estrogen receptors have a better prognosis. If the premenopausal estrogen hormone can affect the estrogen-receptor, then the estrogen hormone can be modified to have a better prognosis.

Method. A cross-sectional study enrolled 32 subjects with complete data and was statistically analyzed to find the correlation between premenopausal estrogen hormone and estrogen-receptors.

Results. The estradiol ranged from 15.3 …

Development Of An On-Call Assessment Tool For Competency-Based Surgical Training, Eric C. Mitchell

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Introduction: A central tenet of competency-based medical education is formative assessment of trainees. There are no assessments examining resident competence on-call, despite this being a significant component of resident training and characterized by less supervision compared to daytime.

Methods: A national survey was conducted to evaluate the state of assessment in Canadian Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery programs. An on-call assessment tool was developed based on a consensus group and was piloted over six months. Validity of the tool was examined through qualitative and quantitative methods.

Results: There were 63 tools completed across ten residents and seven staff physicians. Tool reliability …

Pyrvinium Pamoate: Past, Present, And Future As An Anti-Cancer Drug, Christopher W Schultz, Avinoam Nevler

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Pyrvinium, a lipophilic cation belonging to the cyanine dye family, has been used in the clinic as a safe and effective anthelminthic for over 70 years. Its structure, similar to some polyaminopyrimidines and mitochondrial-targeting peptoids, has been linked with mitochondrial localization and targeting. Over the past two decades, increasing evidence has emerged showing pyrvinium to be a strong anti-cancer molecule in various human cancers in vitro and in vivo. This efficacy against cancers has been attributed to diverse mechanisms of action, with the weight of evidence supporting the inhibition of mitochondrial function, the WNT pathway, and cancer stem cell renewal. …

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm Patients’ Diagnosis, Treatments, And Outcomes: The New York Experience, Ashutosh Yaligar, Annet Kuruvilla, Joshua Helali, Junying Wang, Mohammad Noubani, Sohaib Agha, Daniel Wolbrom, Jie Yang, Jonathan Price, Thomas Bilfinger, Henry Tannous, Annie-Laurie Shroyer, Allison Mclarty

Department of Surgery Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Traditionally, thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA) were diagnosed upon complications arising or post-mortem examination. Following 2014, asymptomatic new TAA diagnoses noticeably rose at increasing rates. In parallel, reductions in the rates of urgent/emergent TAA-related treatments and adverse risk-adjusted short-term outcomes were observed.

OBJECTIVES: For New York State adult residents, the trends from 2005 to 2018 in new thoracic aortic aneurysm (TAA) diagnoses, surgical treatments, percutaneous treatments, and risk-adjusted outcomes were examined.

DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study documented the quality of TAA care provided to New York adult residents.

SETTING: Using the 2005 to 2018 New York Statewide Planning and …

Epigenetic Basis Of Diabetic Vasculopathy, Theja Bhamidipati, Manishekhar Kumar, Sumit S. Verma, Sedat Kacar, Diamond Reese, Michelle M. Martinez, Malgorzata M. Kamocka, Kenneth W. Dunn, Chandan K. Sen, Kanhaiya Singh

Einstein Health Papers

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) causes peripheral vascular disease because of which several blood-borne factors, including vital nutrients fail to reach the affected tissue. Tissue epigenome is sensitive to chronic hyperglycemia and is known to cause pathogenesis of micro- and macrovascular complications. These vascular complications of T2DM may perpetuate the onset of organ dysfunction. The burden of diabetes is primarily because of a wide range of complications of which nonhealing diabetic ulcers represent a major component. Thus, it is imperative that current research help recognize more effective methods for the diagnosis and management of early vascular injuries. This review addresses …

Sagittal Alignment Differences On The Operating Room Table Compared To Preoperative And Postoperative Imaging In Anterior Cervical Discectomy And Fusion, Mark J. Lambrechts, Gregory R. Toci, Brian A. Karamian, Zachary Kozick, John Prodoeh, David Reiter, Rahul Muchintala, Eric Tecce, Alexander Vaccaro Jr., Patrick O’Connor, Amit Syal, Dominic Lambo, Jose A. Canseco, I. David Kay, Barrett I. Woods, Alan S. Hilibrand, Christopher K. Kepler, Alexander R. Vaccaro, Gregory D. Schroeder

Rothman Institute Faculty Papers

Study Design: The study design used was a retrospective cohort. Objective: The objective of this study is to determine if intraoperative improvements in sagittal alignment on the operating table persisted on postoperative standing radiographs. Summary of Background Data: Cervical sagittal alignment may be correlated to postoperative outcomes. Since anterior cervical discectomy and fusions (ACDFs) can restore some cervical lordosis through intervertebral grafts/cages, it is important to understand if intraoperative radiographic measurements correlate with persistent postoperative radiographic changes. Materials and Methods: Patients undergoing elective primary ACDF were screened for the presence of lateral cervical radiographs preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively. Patients were …