Sports Medicine Commons^™

Health Literacy And Patient Reported Outcomes In Orthopaedic Surgery Patients, Thiran Udawatta, Lance Flesch, Michael Eng, Jane E. Oliphant, Scott G. Kaar

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: Health literacy may be an important factor in patient health outcomes, however, prior research has primarily focused on primary care patients with research in orthopaedic specific populations lacking.

Questions/purposes: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between health literacy and patient reported outcomes in an orthopaedic patient population.

Patients and Methods: 183 patients >18 years of age who presented to our institution’s sports orthopaedic surgery clinic with shoulder or knee complaints were analyzed. The primary outcomes were physical function recorded using Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) physical function and Single Assessment Numerical Evaluation (SANE) scores. …

Comparison Of Blood Lactate And Perceived Exertion Responses In Two Matched Time-Under- Tension Protocols, Salvador Vargas-Molina, Fernando Martín-Rivera, Diego A. Bonilla, Jorge L. Petro, Leandro Carbone, Ramón Romance, Manuel Dediego, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Javier Benítez-Porres

Publications and Research

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of blood lactate [bLa-] and the subjective perception of exertion of trained men in a moderate repetition protocol (MRP) versus a high repetition protocol (HRP) equated for time under tension.

Methods: A sample of 40 healthy young men (aged, 23.2 ± 4.0 years; height, 177.3 ± 7.0 cm; BMI, 24.3 ± 2.2) performed two sessions of 8 sets of bicep curls with a one-week recovery interval between the trials. In the HRP protocol, 20 repetitions were performed with a cadence of 2 seconds of eccentric and 1 …

Dynamic Blood-Brain Barrier Regulation In Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Eoin O'Keeffe, Eoin Kelly, Yuzhe Liu, Chiara Giordano, Eugene Wallace, Mark Hynes, Stephen Tiernan, Aidan Meagher, Chris Greene, Stephanie Hughes, Tom Burke, John Kealy, Niamh Doyle, Alison Hay, Michael Farrell, Gerald A. Grant, Alon Friedman, Ronel Veksler, Michael G. Molloy, James F. Meaney, Niall Pender, David Camarillo, Colin P. Doherty, Matthew Campbell

Articles

Whereas the diagnosis of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is readily visible on current medical imaging paradigms (magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] and computed tomography [CT] scanning), a far greater challenge is associated with the diagnosis and subsequent management of mild TBI (mTBI), especially concussion which, by definition, is characterized by a normal CT. To investigate whether the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is altered in a high-risk population for concussions, we studied professional mixed martial arts (MMA) fighters and adolescent rugby players. Additionally, we performed the linear regression between the BBB disruption defined by increased gadolinium contrast …

Hip Labral Injury Worsens After Platelet Rich Plasma Injections: A Case Report, Brennan M. Wright, Carmen Wong

Graduate Medical Education (GME) Resident and Fellow Research Day Posters

Case Description

A 47-year-old active male presented with 2.5 years of right hip pain suggestive of labral pathology. Ice, heat, celecoxib, ibuprofen, diclofenac gel, and physical therapy provided minimal relief. A diagnostic intra-articular bupivacaine injection resolved the pain. A subsequent MR arthrogram revealed a non-displaced tear of the right anterior superior acetabular labrum.

In pursuit of conservative treatment, the patient agreed to a series of 3 right hip intra-articular PRP (platelet rich plasma) injections. When he presented for the second injection, he reported his pain had decreased by 20% and he was tolerating light running. Due to improvement in symptoms, …

Efficacy Of Pain Scales In Athletic Populations And Paired With Aglometric Measurements, Elisabeth Anne Ohrnberger

Online Theses and Dissertations

Objective: Pain is the most common symptom and reason for why affected individuals seek out medical attention for injuries. The most common pain scales are: the numerical rating scale (NRS), 5-point verbal rating scale (VRS-5), and visual analog scale (VAS) but there is no gold standard established to measure unidimensional pain intensity. Algometry is an objective technique to measure pain pressure threshold and tolerances. However, there is little research on which scale is best suited to assess pain intensity in different demographics; including athletic populations and other types of groups; as well as, whether subjective pain scale measurements can be …

Body Composition Assessment Results And Predicting Injury Patterns In Collegiate Musicians, Ellen Reinhold

Online Theses and Dissertations

Objective: It is known that a higher body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased risk of injury, but it is unknown whether there is an association between increased risk of injury and body composition. Currently the data comes from competitive sports, with little data in performing arts, specifically marching band. The primary aim of this study was to determine if body composition assessments can predict musculoskeletal injury (MSI) occurrence in marching band participants. Methods: Body composition was measured using a duel X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan at the beginning of both the fall 2018 and 2019 seasons. Data on injuries …

Sex Moderates The Relationship That Number Of Professional Fights Has With Cognition And Brain Volumes., Lauren L Bennett, Steve J Stephen, Charles Bernick, Guogen Shan, Sarah J Banks

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Objective: Incidence of concussions and report of symptoms are greater among women across sports. While structural brain changes and cognitive declines are associated with repetitive head impact (RHI), the role of sex is not well-understood. This study aimed to determine if there is a moderating effect of sex on the relationship the number of professional fights has with cognitive functioning and regional brain volumes in a cohort of boxers, mixed martial artists, and martial artists. Methods: A total of 55 women were matched with 55 men based on age, years of education, ethnicity, and fighting style. Cognition was assessed via …

The Performance Effect Of Scheduled Carbohydrate And Caffeine Intake During Simulated Team Sport Match-Play, John Keane, Aidan Shovlin, Simon Devenney, Shane Malone, Damien Young, Giuseppe Coratella, Kieran Collins, Marcus Shortall

Articles

The aim of the current investigation was to identify the effects of scheduled carbohydrate (CHO) and caffeine (CAF) supplementation on simulated team sport match-play performance. Ten male hurling players completed three hurling match-play simulation protocols (HSP) performed 7 days apart in a double-blind, randomized design. Supplementation included CHO, CHO + CAF, and placebo (PLA). In a randomized order, participants ingested either a 6% CHO solution, a PLA solution of similar taste, or a combined intake of 6% CHO solution + 200 mg CAF capsule. At specific time points (Pre-0 min; half time (HT)-30 min; full time (FT)-60 min), participants completed …

The Relationship Between Burnout And Personality Traits In Secondary School Athletic Trainers, Marissa Abbondanzio

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Introduction: Research has found that 30% of Athletic Trainers (ATs) experience burnout in their career. Limited literature has found the effects of burnout on ATs in the secondary school setting, though they account for 18% of the population. Objective: The aim of this investigation was to determine the relationship between burnout and personality traits in secondary school ATs. Methods: Participants included 143 ATs working in the secondary school setting and members of National Athletic Trainers’ Association (NATA). The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to measure level of burnout. The Big Five Inventory (BFI) was used to measure …

Caffeine Ingestion Enhances Repetition Velocity In Resistance Exercise: A Randomized, Crossover, Double-Blind Study Involving Control And Placebo Conditions, Jozo Grgic, Sandro Venier, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Pavle Mikulic

Publications and Research

We aimed to examine the effects of placebo and caffeine compared to a control condition on mean velocity in the bench press exercise. Twenty-five resistance-trained men participated in this randomized, crossover, double-blind study. The participants performed the bench press with loads of 50%, 75%, and 90% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), after no supplementation (i.e., control), and after ingesting caffeine (6 mg/kg), and placebo (6 mg/kg of dextrose). At 50% 1RM, there was a significant effect of caffeine on mean velocity compared to control (effect size [ES] = 0.29; p = 0.003), but not when compared to placebo (ES = 0.09; …

Association Between Eccentric Knee Flexor Strength And Hamstring Injury Risk In 185 Elite Gaelic Football Players, Mark Roe, Eamonn Delahunt, Malachy Mchugh, Conor Gissane, Shane Malone, Kieran Collins, Catherine Blake

Articles

Hamstring strains are the most common time-loss injury in elite Gaelic football affecting over 20% of players per season. Thus, there is a need to identify factors contributing to the onset of hamstring injuries in order to inform injury risk management strategies. The current study investigated whether eccentric knee flexor strength and between-limb imbalances were associated with increased risk of sustaining a timeloss hamstring injury in elite Gaelic football players. A total of 185 elite male players (26.9 ± 2.7 years, 86.4 ± 6.2 kg, 183.4 ± 5.6) were prospectively followed for 12 weeks from the day of testing. Injury …

Clinical And Neurophysiological Effects Of Dry Needling On Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability, Jennifer Mullins

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Ankle sprains are generally considered innocuous injuries; however, as many as 74% of patients will develop chronic symptoms. 1-3 Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is defined by a history of ankle sprain accompanied by ongoing bouts of giving way, residual ankle sprain symptoms, and a decrease in patient-perceived function. As understanding of sensorimotor deficits in individuals with CAI have advanced, treatment strategies have evolved to include a robust focus on balance training to mitigate dynamic and static postural control impairments exhibited in individuals with CAI. A problem arises as these improvements have not been conclusively linked to a decrease in CAI. …

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury-Induced Alterations In Inflammation And Muscle Physiology, Emily R. Hunt

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Long term weakness and atrophy of the quadriceps muscle are a direct result of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and persist for up to 10 years post injury. Muscle atrophy ensues regardless of ligamentous reconstruction surgery, indicating that muscle atrophy following injury is a function of the ligament rupture and not reconstruction surgery. Elucidating the mechanisms underlying quadriceps atrophy following ACL rupture is crucial for developing interventions to restore proper quadriceps size and mitigate weakness thereby allowing for improved patient function. In addition to understanding the specific mechanisms that contribute to quadriceps atrophy following ACL rupture, the timing of atrophic …

The Use Of Yank-Time Signal As An Alternative To Identify Kinematic Events And Define Phases In Human Countermovement Jumping, Sofyan Sahrom, Jodie C. Wilkie, Kazunori Nosaka, Anthony J. Blazevich

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Detailed examinations of both the movement and muscle activation patterns used by animals and humans to complete complex tasks are difficult to obtain in many environments. Therefore, the ability to infer movement and muscle activation patterns after capture of a single set of easily obtained data is highly sought after. One possible solution to this problem is to capture force-time data through the use of appropriate transducers, then interrogate the signal's derivative, the yank-time signal, which amplifies, and thus highlights, temporal force-time changes. Because the countermovement vertical jump (CMJ) is a complex movement that has been well studied in humans, …

Oral Contraceptives As Possible Acl Injury Prevention Method, Haley Schweizer

Capstone Showcase

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are an upsetting setback for many athletes that require a long and costly recovery process. The injury rates are four times greater in women than men. Preventative measures that help to prevent ACL injuries are limited to stretching and strengthening. Therefore, this review aims to investigate if oral contraceptive [I] usage provides a possible new avenue for prevention of ACL injury [O] in young female athletes (ages 18-30) [P] compared to those that do not take oral contraceptives [C].

Methods: A literature review was performed though PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS Database, and ClinicalKey …

An Examination Of Policy And Procedure Practices Of Secondary School Athletic Trainers, Micaela Dunbar-Gaynor, Ericka P. Zimmerman, Victor Liberi

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the status of P&P practices of secondary school athletic trainers. Methods: Following an online informed consent confirmation, participants completed a Policies and Procedures Status questionnaire, including demographics. This was distributed to certified athletic trainers currently employed in the secondary school setting in the United States. The survey consisted of 49 questions about the status of P&Ps using one of the following responses: the practice is in operation and it appears in written form; the practice is in operation but does not appear in written form; the practice …

International Society Of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Nutritional Considerations For Single-Stage Ultra-Marathon Training And Racing, Nicholas B. Tiller, Justin D. Roberts, Liam Beasley, Shaun Chapman, Jorge M. Pinto, Lee Smith, Melanie Wiffin, Mark Russel, S. Andy Sparks, Lauren Duckworth, John O'Hara, Louise Sutton, Jose Antonio, Darryn S. Willoughby, Michael D. Tarpey, Abbie E. Smith-Ryan, Michael J. Ormsbee, Todd A. Astorino, Richard B. Kreider, Graham R. Mcginnis, Jeffrey R, Stout, Johneric W. Smith, Shawn M. Arent, Bill I. Campbell, Laurent Bannock

Kinesiology and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Research

In this Position Statement, the International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an objective and critical review of the literature pertinent to nutritional considerations for training and racing in single-stage ultra-marathon. Recommendations for Training. i) Ultra-marathon runners should aim to meet the caloric demands of training by following an individualized and periodized strategy, comprising a varied, food-first approach; ii) Athletes should plan and implement their nutrition strategy with sufficient time to permit adaptations that enhance fat oxidative capacity; iii) The evidence overwhelmingly supports the inclusion of a moderate-to-high carbohydrate diet (i.e., ~ 60% of energy intake, 5–8 g·kg− 1·d− 1) …

Faculty Perceptions Of Readiness To Implement Interprofessional Education In Athletic Training, Meredith M. Parry, Jennifer Jordan Utley, Sue Shapiro, Stefanie Podlog

Athletic Training Collection

PURPOSE As the athletic training profession advances, master’s degree accreditation standards aim to position athletic trainers as key players on interprofessional healthcare teams. Interprofessional education standards were recently introduced to academic leaders as key elements in the professional healthcare education of athletic trainers.

While the current standards reflect essential skills for entry-level clinicians, faculty instructing these elements may require additional development.

METHODS The objective of this study was to explore athletic training educators’ perceptions of interprofessional education and to examine perceived barriers related to the implementation of IPE in athletic training curricula. An electronic survey was administered to a stratified, …

I Spy With My Little Eye … A Knee About To Go 'Pop'? Can Coaches And Sports Medicine Professionals Predict Who Is At Greater Risk Of Acl Rupture?, Anne Inger Mørtvedt, Tron Krosshaug, Roald Bahr, Erich Petushek

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

BACKGROUND: The vertical drop jump (VDJ) test is widely used for clinical assessment of ACL injury risk, but it is not clear whether such assessments are valid.

AIM: To examine if sports medicine professionals and coaches are able to identify players at risk of sustaining an ACL injury by visually assessing player performance during a VDJ test.

METHODS: 102 video clips of elite female handball and football players performing a baseline VDJ test were randomly extracted from a 738-person prospective cohort study that tracked ACL injuries. Of the sample, 20 of 102 went on to suffer an ACL injury. These …

Effects Of Anaerobic Fatigue On The Tuck Jump Assessment Performance In Female Collegiate Club Athletes, Madison M. Vomacka, Nicole Bascelli, Monica Lininger

Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association

Purpose: To determine the impact of a fatigue trial on the scores and number of jumps in a Tuck Jump Assessment (TJA) in female collegiate club athletes. The TJA is a 10-second plyometric jumping assessment used to replicate sport and identify lower extremity landing patterns. Scores from the TJA are summed together and those who score a 6 or higher are suggested for intervention training. Methods: Sixteen female club athletes (age: 20.9+1.9 years, weight: 59.13+7.72kg, height: 64.56+2.63cm) completed the TJA twice, once before performing a Wingate protocol and then again after. A dependent sample t-test was performed to determine any …