Psychiatry Commons^™

Cholinergic Control Of Inflammation, Metabolic Dysfunction, And Cognitive Impairment In Obesity-Associated Disorders: Mechanisms And Novel Therapeutic Opportunities, E. H. Chang, S. S. Chavan, V. A. Pavlovh

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Electroconvulsive Therapy Modulates Resting-State Eeg Oscillatory Pattern And Phase Synchronization In Nodes Of The Default Mode Network In Patients With Depressive Disorder, A. Takamiya, J. Hirano, B. Yamagata, S. Takei, T. Kishimoto, M. Mimura

Journal Articles

© 2019 Takamiya, Hirano, Yamagata, Takei, Kishimoto and Mimura. Introduction: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has antidepressant effects, but it also has possible cognitive side effects. The effects of ECT on neuronal oscillatory pattern and phase synchronization, and the relationship between clinical response or cognitive change and electroencephalogram (EEG) measurements remain elusive. Methods: Individuals with unipolar depressive disorder receiving bilateral ECT were recruited. Five minutes of resting, eyes-closed, 19-lead EEG recordings were obtained before and after a course of ECT. Non-overlapping 60 artifact-free epocs of 2-s duration were used for the analyses. We used exact low resolution electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) to compute …

Improvement Of Psychiatrists’ Clinical Knowledge Of The Treatment Guidelines For Schizophrenia And Major Depressive Disorders Using The ‘Effectiveness Of Guidelines For Dissemination And Education In Psychiatric Treatment (Eguide)’ Project: A Nationwide Dissemination, Education, And Evaluation Study, Y. Takaesu, K. Watanabe, S. Numata, M. Iwata, N. Kudo, S. Oishi, T. Takizawa, K. Nemoto, T. Kishimoto, R. Hashimoto, +38 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Society of Psychiatry and Neurology Aim: Although treatment guidelines for pharmacological therapy for schizophrenia and major depressive disorder have been issued by the Japanese Societies of Neuropsychopharmacology and Mood Disorders, these guidelines have not been well applied by psychiatrists throughout the nation. To address this issue, we developed the ‘Effectiveness of Guidelines for Dissemination and Education in Psychiatric Treatment (EGUIDE)’ integrated education programs for psychiatrists to disseminate the clinical guidelines. Additionally, we conducted a systematic efficacy evaluation of the programs. …

Best Practices For Evaluation And Treatment Of Agitated Children And Adolescents (Beta) In The Emergency Department: Consensus Statement Of The American Association For Emergency Psychiatry, R. Gerson, N. Malas, V. Feuer, G. H. Silver, R. Prasad, M. M. Mroczkowski

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Antibodies In The Diagnosis, Prognosis, And Prediction Of Psychotic Disorders., Thomas A Pollak, Jonathan P Rogers, Robert G Nagele, Mark Peakman, James M Stone, Anthony S David, Philip Mcguire

Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine Departmental Research

Blood-based biomarker discovery for psychotic disorders has yet to impact upon routine clinical practice. In physical disorders antibodies have established roles as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive (theranostic) biomarkers, particularly in disorders thought to have a substantial autoimmune or infective aetiology. Two approaches to antibody biomarker identification are distinguished: a "top-down" approach, in which antibodies to specific antigens are sought based on the known function of the antigen and its putative role in the disorder, and emerging "bottom-up" or "omics" approaches that are agnostic as to the significance of any one antigen, using high-throughput arrays to identify distinctive components of the …

Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 3, Subunit C Silencing Inhibits Cell Proliferation And Promotes Apoptosis In Human Ovarian Cancer Cells, Fang Wen, Zhang-Ying Wu, Lei Nie, Qi-Zhu Zhang, Yuan-Kun Qin, Zun-Lun Zhou, Jin-Jian Wu, Xing Zhao, Jun Tan, Darrell Sawmiller, Dan Zi

Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences Faculty Publications

Ovarian cancer remains the leading cause of death among all gynaecological cancers, illustrating the urgent need to understand the molecular mechanisms involved in this disease. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3c (EIF3c) plays an important role in protein translation and cancer cell growth and proliferation, but its role in human ovarian cancer is unclear. Our results showed that EIF3c silencing significantly up-regulated 217 and down-regulated 340 genes. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) indicated that the top differentially expressed genes are involved in ‘Classical Pathways’, ‘Diseases and Functions’ and ‘Networks’, especially those involved in signalling and cellular growth and proliferation. In addition, eIF3c silencing …

Associations Of Hemoglobin A1c With Cognition Reduced For Long Diabetes Duration, Jeremy M. Silverman, James Schmeidler, Pearl G. Lee, Neil B. Alexander, Michal Schnaider Beeri, Elizabeth Guerrero-Berroa, Rebecca K. West, Mary Sano, Martina Nabozny, Carolina Rodriguez Alvarez

Publications and Research

Introduction: Associations of some risk factors with poor cognition, identified prior to age 75, are reduced or reversed in very old age. The Protected Survivor Model predicts this interaction due to enhanced survival of those with extended risk factor duration. In a younger sample, this study examines the association of cognition with the mean hemoglobin A1c risk factor over the time at risk, according to its duration.

Methods: The interaction of mean hemoglobin A1c (average = 9.8%), evaluated over duration (average = 116.8 months), was examined for overall cognition and three cognitive domains in a sample of 150 “young-old” veterans …

Depressive Symptoms In Older Versus Younger People With Epilepsy: Findings From An Integrated Epilepsy Self-Management Clinical Research Dataset, Zaira Khalid, Hasina Momotaz, Farren Briggs, Kristin A. Cassidy, Betsy K. Wilson, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Aim: There are limited data on psychological outcomes in older people with epilepsy (PWE). This analysis, from a large pooled dataset of clinical studies from the Managing Epilepsy Well (MEW) Network, examined clinical variables including depressive symptom severity, quality of life and epilepsy self-management competency among older (age 55+) vs younger (

The Effects Of Compassion Fatigue On Burnout Among Inpatient Psychiatric And Intensive Care Unit Nurses, Amita Madan Neidlinger

DNP Projects

PURPOSE: This DNP project is relevant to nurses of the psychiatric and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) setting, as high stress environments may produce higher rates of compassion fatigue and burnout. Investigation of these areas may help illuminate unnecessary healthcare costs that are associated with these phenomena. This DNP project is important to the University of Kentucky’s healthcare system, its patients, and nurses. Increased absenteeism and increased medication errors are positively associated with the prevalence of compassion fatigue and burnout in nurses. Outcomes from this project will allow identification of unnecessary healthcare costs and encourage administrators to focus on reducing nurse …

ความหมายของชีวิตในบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้าย, สุนทร ลิ่มหลัก

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ที่มาและเหตุผล: การมีความหมายของชีวิตเป็นส่วนสำคัญในชีวิตมนุษย์ทุกคนและทุกช่วงวัย การค้นพบความหมายของชีวิตและส่งผลในเชิงบวกต่อสุขภาพกาย สุขภาพจิต และสุขภาวะทางจิตวิญญาณ ที่ผ่านมายังไม่มีการศึกษาความหมายของชีวิตในบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้ายซึ่งเป็นทีมสุขภาพที่ทำงานใกล้ชิดกับความเป็นความตาย การรับรู้ช่วงสุดท้ายของชีวิตผู้ป่วยอาจเป็นประโยชน์ต่อการรับรู้ความหมายของชีวิต และนำไปสู่วิถีการดำเนินชีวิตที่ดีและความอยู่ดีมีสุข วัตถุประสงค์: เพื่อศึกษาความหมายของชีวิตในบุคลากรการแพทย์ผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้ายและปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อความหมาย และศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างความหมายของชีวิตกับทัศนคติในการดำเนินชีวิตและการดูแลผู้ป่วย วิธีการศึกษา: การวิจัยเชิงคุณภาพในบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้ายจำนวน 12 คนโดยเก็บข้อมูลด้วยการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกส่วนบุคคลและแบบกึ่งโครงสร้าง จากนั้นทำการวิเคราะห์เปรียบเทียบข้อมูลและหาความสัมพันธ์ของข้อมูล และทำการสังเคราะห์ข้อมูลจนเหลือแต่คุณลักษณะที่มีความหมายร่วมกันมาประกอบกับทฤษฎี ผลการศึกษา: แนวคิด “ความหมายของชีวิต” ในบุคลากรทางการแพทย์ผู้ดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้ายค้นพบทั้งสิ้น 5 แก่น ได้แก่ 1) การก้าวข้ามตัวตน; 2) ความรักและความผูกพัน; 3) การทำหน้าที่และทำสิ่งที่เป็นประโยชน์ให้กับโลก; 4) การชื่นชมและปีติกับความงามของชีวิต และ 5) การมีจุดมุ่งหมายในชีวิต โดยปัจจัยที่ทำให้เกิดความหมายคือประสบการณ์การดูแลผู้ป่วยระยะสุดท้ายและปัจจัยอื่นๆ เฉพาะบุคคล โดยพบว่าการมีความเข้าใจความหมายของชีวิตย่อมส่งเสริมสุขภาพจิตและพฤติกรรมในเชิงบวก ผู้ที่มีความหมายของชีวิตชัดเจนย่อมมีเป้าหมายในชีวิต รู้ความต้องการปลายทางของชีวิต ความหมายของชีวิตมีผลอย่างมากต่อมุมมองชีวิต โลกทัศน์ และวิถีชีวิต สรุปผลการศึกษา: การทำหน้าที่ดูแลผู้ป่วยในช่วงสุดท้ายของชีวิตและการมีโอกาสได้เห็นผู้ที่กำลังจะเสียชีวิต ส่งผลให้เกิดการตระหนักรู้ความหมายของชีวิต ซึ่งมีผลต่อวิถีการดำเนินชีวิต การดูแลสุขภาพกายและใจ รวมถึงมีการดูแลคนรอบข้างและผู้ป่วยที่ดีขึ้น แนวคิดความหมายของชีวิตนี้ สามารถนำไปประยุกต์ใช้ได้ในเวชปฏิบัติด้านการดูแลแบบประคับประคองในการค้นหาความหมายของชีวิตผู้ป่วย หรือด้านจิตเวชในการบำบัดรักษาทางสุขภาพจิตสำหรับผู้ที่ขาดความหมายของชีวิต เป็นกระบวนทัศน์ใหม่ในการดูแลผู้ป่วยอย่างรู้คุณค่าและมีความหมาย และสามารถนำไปใช้ส่งเสริมการมีความหมายของชีวิตในบุคลากรทางการแพทย์และสาธารณสุขกลุ่มอื่น รวมทั้งยังส่งเสริมคนในสังคมตระหนักรู้ถึงความสำคัญของความหมายแห่งการมีชีวิตอยู่ การมีเครื่องมือไว้จัดการความทุกข์ และช่วยทำให้ชีวิตมีความสุขได้ง่าย ปล่อยวางความเป็นตัวตนได้มากขึ้น และช่วยให้ชีวิตอยู่ในสมดุลและผาสุก

Breath Practices For Survivor And Caregiver Stress, Depression, And Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder: Connection, Co-Regulation, Compassion, Patricia L. Gerbarg, Richard P. Brown, Chris C. Streeter, Martin Katzman, Monica Vermani

NYMC Faculty Publications

Does compassion itself benefit the healing process or does the activation of neurophysiological processes, from which the experience of compassion arises, trigger a cascade of physical and psychological changes that support health and well-being? Exploration of the neurological substrates of compassion reveals multiple healing pathways that can be activated by mind-body practices. Furthermore, these pathways affect physical health, emotion regulation, and how we perceive and relate to others.

Physiological states affect the capacity for empathy, compassion and understanding. A state of calm alertness based on sympatho-vagal balance may support such high-level prosocial functions. Evidence suggests that polyvagal-informed mind-body practices, particularly …

A Scoping Review Of The Associations Between Mental Health And Factors Related To Hiv Acquisition And Disease Progression In Conflict-Affected Populations, Erica Koegler, Erica Koegler, Caitlin Kennedy

Social Work Faculty Works

The association between poor mental health and factors related to HIV acquisition and disease progression (also referred to as HIV-related factors) may be stronger among conflict-affected populations given elevated rates of mental health disorders. We conducted a scoping review of the literature to identify evidence-based associations between mental health (depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD]) and factors related to HIV acquisition and progression in conflict-affected populations. Five electronic databases were searched on October 10, 2014 and updated on March 7, 2017 to identify peer-reviewed publications presenting primary data from January 1, 1994 to March 7, 2017. Articles were included …

Early Identification Of Depression In Patients With Pediatric Epilepsy, Erin Fecske, Paul Glasier, Lines Vargas Collado, Elizabeth Rende

Posters

Describes the use of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory-Epilepsy-Youth (NDDI-E-Y) in adolescent patients in a comprehensive epilepsy center to identify patients who need referral for mental health care.

Delphi Survey Of Maintenance Lithium Treatment In Older Adults With Bipolar Disorder: An Isbd Task Force Report, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Objectives: Despite the growing numbers and proportion of older adults with bipolar disorder (OABD), there are very limited guidelines for the use of lithium with its double-edged potential for effectiveness and toxicity in this population. The primary aims of this Delphi survey were: (a) To determine the place of lithium among the preferred choices for maintenance treatment of OABD. (b) To provide detailed clinical guidelines for the safe and effective use of lithium in OABD. Methods: In the face of limited evidence, the Delphi survey method was used to achieve consensus by a group of 25 experts in OABD from …

The Critical Need For Mental Health Education To Be Mandated In New Mexico's Public Schools, Bonnie L. Murphy

Shared Knowledge Conference

Based on a review of research and best practices in mental health awareness and skills, this inquiry project argues for state legislative policies that would require mental health awareness and skills in the K-12 curriculum. Mental health affects individual accomplishments in every stage of people’s lives beginning in early childhood and throughout the life cycle. Prevention and treatment of mental illness plays a key role in the ability of an individual to cope with loss and develop resiliency and perseverance in challenging times and to make better decisions that improve the individual’s life and the lives of those around them. …

Ethical Implications Of Treatment For Gender Dysphoria In Youth, Kelsey Hayes

Journal of Health Ethics

This manuscript explores ethical implications on treatment for youth with diagnosed gender dysphoria. The ethical considerations outlined and analyzed in this essay involve illuminating an understanding of whether the administration of pubertal suppression with GnRH agonists, and cross-sex hormones to children with gender dysphoria is morally justified as treatment to manage their psychological distress, or if safer more understood alternatives exist. This essay emphasizes that as health care professionals we must ensure youth with gender dysphoria receive adequate medical treatment and care however, this essay concludes through extensive literature review, that the use of inconclusive and under researched methods to …

Mediterranean Diet Adherence And Rate Of Cerebral Aβ-Amyloid Accumulation: Data From The Australian Imaging, Biomarkers And Lifestyle Study Of Ageing, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Yian Gu, Samantha Gardener, James D Doecke, Victor L Villemagne, Belinda M Brown, Kevin Taddei, Simon M Laws, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Michael Weinborn, David Ames, Christopher Fowler, S Lance Macaulay, Paul Maruff, Colin L Masters, Olivier Salvado, Christopher C Rowe, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Ralph N. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Accumulating research has linked Mediterranean diet (MeDi) adherence with slower cognitive decline and reduced Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. However, no study to-date has examined the relationship between MeDi adherence and accumulation of cerebral Aβ-amyloid (Aβ; a pathological hallmark of AD) in older adults. Cognitively normal healthy control participants of the Australian Imaging, Biomarkers and Lifestyle (AIBL) Study of Ageing completed the Cancer Council of Victoria Food Frequency Questionnaire at baseline, which was used to construct a MeDi score for each participant (score range 0-9; higher score indicating higher adherence). Cerebral Aβ load was quantified by Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission …

Quality Of Life In Romanian Patients With Schizophrenia Based On Gender, Type Of Schizophrenia, Therapeutic Approach, And Family History, Elena Alina Rosca, Ovidiu Eugen Alexinschi, Călin Brîncuș, Valentin Petre Matei, Ana Giurgiuca

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The low quality of life of patients with schizophrenia has been extensively discussed and investigated. Various aspects from gender, socio-demographic profile, and/or type of neuroleptic treatment have been taken into account in describing this condition. The purpose of this study is to assess the perceived quality of life of Romanian patients suffering from schizophrenia and to correlate it with gender differences, type of schizophrenia, family history of psychiatric illness, and type of antipsychotic treatment. 143 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM IV-TR and ICD 10 were included in the study. Social demographic data were documented and further assessment was …

Telepsychiatry: Access In Rural Areas, David P. Paul Iii, Brianna Washington, Annie Robinson, Mike Tonnie, Alberto Coustasse

Management Faculty Research

Rural areas have experienced higher than average healthcare workforce problems, especially concerning limited access to mental health services. Telepsychiatry may provide at least a partial solution, as it has improved access and quality of care available in rural environments despite implementation problems. As technology continues to advance access, telepsychiatry will also need to strengthen making access more readily available. Additional research is required to identify modalities and diverse methods that can be used to increase access to mental health services further and improve outcomes in rural and underserved areas.

Lurasidone Is Not Associated With Risk Of Qtc Prolongation, Halimah Y. Oral

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A critical appraisal and clinical application of Meltzer HY, Cucchiaro J, Silva R, Ogasa M, Phillips D, Xu J, Kalali AH, Scheizer E, Pikalov A, Loebel A. Lurasidone in the treatment of schizophrenia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and olanzapine-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry. 2011 Sep;168(9):957-67. doi: https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2011.10060907.