Psychiatry Commons^™

The Role Of Biotransformation Processes In Mediating Interactions Between Psychotropic Drugs And Natural Products, Nicolae Bacinschi, Ina Pogonea, Lilia Podgurschi, Maria Mihalachi-Anghel, Emil Ștefănescu, Bogdan Socea, Marin Chianu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Many patients are not aware that natural products such as fruit juices or plant infusions can cause significant interactions with several drugs, some of which can be dangerous, especially when the medical treatment is for neurological or psychiatric disorders. Among the most predisposed for interacting with drugs are citric juices, particularly grapefruit and plant infusions, especially St John`s wort (Hypericum perforatum). Understanding the mechanism and the frequency of this type of interaction helps to avoid it. The goal of this research was to identify and summarize the most relevant reports on interactions between psychotropic drugs and natural beverages, in order …

Assessing Physical Activity In People With Mental Illness: 23-Country Reliability And Validity Of The Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (Simpaq), S Rosenbaum, R Morell, A Abdel-Baki, M Ahmadpanah, T V. Anilkumar, L Baie, A Bauman, S Bender, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Romaina Iqbal, Ayesha Mian

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Physical inactivity is a key contributor to the global burden of disease and disproportionately impacts the wellbeing of people experiencing mental illness. Increases in physical activity are associated with improvements in symptoms of mental illness and reduction in cardiometabolic risk. Reliable and valid clinical tools that assess physical activity would improve evaluation of intervention studies that aim to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in people living with mental illness.
Methods: The five-item Simple Physical Activity Questionnaire (SIMPAQ) was developed by a multidisciplinary, international working group as a clinical tool to assess physical activity and sedentary behaviour in …

Effects Of Oral, Smoked, And Vaporized Cannabis On Endocrine Pathways Related To Appetite And Metabolism: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Human Laboratory Study., Mehdi Farokhnia, Gray R Mcdiarmid, Matthew N Newmeyer, Vikas Munjal, Osama A Abulseoud, Marilyn A Huestis, Lorenzo Leggio

Institute of Emerging Health Professions Faculty Papers

As perspectives on cannabis continue to shift, understanding the physiological and behavioral effects of cannabis use is of paramount importance. Previous data suggest that cannabis use influences food intake, appetite, and metabolism, yet human research in this regard remains scant. The present study investigated the effects of cannabis administration, via different routes, on peripheral concentrations of appetitive and metabolic hormones in a sample of cannabis users. This was a randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Twenty participants underwent four experimental sessions during which oral cannabis, smoked cannabis, vaporized cannabis, or placebo was administered. Active compounds contained 6.9 ± 0.95% (~50.6 mg) …

Hyperammonemic Encephalopathy With Triphasic Waves: A Case, Brian Birdsong, Brielle Marks, Rishim Jayswal, Adeel Rahman

Psychiatry

No abstract provided.

Rivastigmine Modifies The Α-Secretase Pathway And Potentially Early Alzheimer's Disease, Balmiki Ray, Bryan Maloney, Kumar Sambamurti, Hanuma K. Karnati, Peter T. Nelson, Nigel H. Greig, Debomoy K. Lahiri

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Rivastigmine (or Exelon) is a cholinesterase inhibitor, currently used as a symptomatic treatment for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) generated from its precursor protein (APP) by β-secretase (or BACE1) and γ-secretase endoproteolysis. Alternative APP cleavage by α-secretase (a family of membrane-bound metalloproteases– Adamalysins) precludes the generation of toxic Aβ and yields a neuroprotective and neurotrophic secreted sAPPα fragment. Several signal transduction pathways, including protein kinase C and MAP kinase, stimulate α-secretase. We present data to suggest that rivastigmine, in addition to anticholinesterase activity, directs APP processing away from BACE1 and towards α-secretases. We treated rat neuronal PC12 cells …

Toward Actionable Practice Parameters For "Dual Diagnosis": Principles Of Assessment And Management For Co-Occurring Psychiatric And Intellectual/Developmental Disability., John N. Constantino, Shae Strom, Michael Bunis, Cy Nadler, Teresa Rodgers, Julia Lepage, Connie Cahalan, Amber Stockreef, Lucas Evans, Rachel Jones, Alyssa Wilson

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Although treatment algorithms and parameters for best practice are readily available for all major syndromes of psychiatric impairment, the occurrence of psychiatric syndromes in individuals with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) invokes serious contextual challenges for interpretation of symptoms, diagnosis, and optimization of treatment, both for clinicians and for the service sectors in which care and support of individuals with IDD are delivered. Recognizing that there exist very few definitive resources for best practice under the circumstance of this form of "dual diagnosis," the Missouri Department of Mental Health convened an expert panel to conduct a focused …

A Phantom Of The Past: Withdrawal From Meprobamate Presenting With Focal Seizures., Thomas M. Zink, John E. Erickson

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: Meprobamate (Miltown, Equinil) is a sedative-hypnotic medication that first gained popularity as an anxiolytic and later as a muscle relaxant. It is a major metabolite of the more commonly used muscle relaxant carisoprodol (Soma). In vitro and electroencephalogram studies demonstrated that meprobamate modulates gama-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, similar to barbiturates. Withdrawal from meprobamate manifests in symptoms ranging from mild anxiety to severe autonomic instability and death. Meprobamate is rarely prescribed, but is still given to a small subset of elderly patients.

Clinical findings: In this case of meprobamate withdrawal, the patient initially displayed altered mental status and recurrent seizures …

Response To Sars-Covid-19-Related Visitor Restrictions On Labor And Delivery Wards In New York City, A Hermann, Km Deligiannidis, V Bergink, C Monk, Em Fitelson, Tk Robakis, C Birndorf

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Safety Of Psychotropic Medications In People With Covid-19: Evidence Review And Practical Recommendations, G Ostuzzi, D Papola, C Gastaldon, G Schoretsanitis, F Bertolini, F Amaddeo, A Cuomo, R Emsley, C U. Correll, C Barbui, +12 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Electroconvulsive Therapy Practice Changes In Older Individuals Due To Covid-19: Expert Consensus Statement, M. I. Lapid, S. Seiner, H. Heintz, A. P. Hermida, L. Nykamp, S. N. Sanghani, M. Mueller, G. Petrides, B. P. Forester

Journal Articles

© 2020 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry The ubiquitous coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has required healthcare providers across all disciplines to rapidly adapt to public health guidelines to reduce risk while maintaining quality of care. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), which involves an aerosol-generating procedure from manual ventilation with a bag mask valve while under anesthesia, has undergone drastic practice changes in order to minimize disruption of treatment in the midst of COVID-19. In this paper, we provide a consensus statement on the clinical practice changes in ECT specific to older adults based on expert group discussions of ECT practitioners across the …

Covid-19 Psychosis: A Potential New Neuropsychiatric Condition Triggered By Novel Coronavirus Infection And The Inflammatory Response?, S. J. Ferrando, L. Klepacz, S. Lynch, M. Tavakkoli, R. Dornbush, R. Baharani, Y. Smolin, A. Bartell

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Pharmacological Treatment Of Hyperactive Delirium In People With Covid-19: Rethinking Conventional Approaches, G. Ostuzzi, C. Gastaldon, D. Papola, A. Fagiolini, S. Dursun, D. Taylor, C. U. Correll, C. Barbui

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Correction To: Safety Of Psychotropic Medications In People With Covid-19: Evidence Review And Practical Recommendations (Vol 18, 215, 2020), G. Ostuzzi, D. Papola, C. Gastaldon, G. Schoretsanitis, F. Bertolini, F. Amaddeo, A. Cuomo, R. Emsley, C. U. Correll, C. Barbui, +12 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Epidemic Peer Support And Crisis Intervention Via Social Media, P Cheng, G Xia, P Pang, B Wu, W Jiang, Y-T Li, M Wang, Q Ling, X Chang, X Bi, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

How Mental Health Care Should Change As A Consequence Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, C. Moreno, T. Wykes, S. Galderisi, M. Nordentoft, N. Crossley, N. Jones, M. Cannon, C. U. Correll, L. Byrne, C. Arango, +14 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Working With Bipolar Disorder During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Both Crisis And Opportunity, E. A. Youngstrom, S. P. Hinshaw, A. Stefana, J. Chen, K. Michael, A. Van Meter, V. Maxwell, E. E. Michalak, E. G. Choplin, E. Vieta, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2020, WikiJournal User Group. All rights reserved. Beyond public health and economic costs, the COVID-19 pandemic adds strain, disrupts daily routines, and com-plicates mental health and medical service delivery for those with mental health and medical conditions. Bipolar disorder can increase vulnerability to infection; it can also enhance stress, complicate treatment, and heighten interpersonal stigma. Yet there are successes when people proactively improve social connections, prioritize self-care, and learn to use mobile and telehealth effectively.

Patient Attitudes Toward Telepsychiatry During The Covid-19 Pandemic: A Nationwide, Multisite Survey., D. Guinart, P. Marcy, M. Hauser, M. Dwyer, J. M. Kane

Journal Articles

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated movement restrictions forced a rapid and massive transition to telepsychiatry to successfully maintain care continuity.

Objective

The aim of this study is to examine a large number of patients' experiences of, use of, and attitudes toward telepsychiatry.

Methods

An anonymous 11-question survey was delivered electronically to 14,000 patients receiving telepsychiatry care at 18 participating centers across 11 US states between the months of April and June 2020, including questions about their age and length of service use, as well as experience and satisfaction with telepsychiatry on a 5-point Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were …

Functional Neuroimaging In Psychiatry-Aiding In Diagnosis And Guiding Treatment. What The American Psychiatric Association Does Not Know., Theodore A Henderson, Muriel J Van Lierop, Mary Mclean, John Michael Uszler, John F Thornton, Yin-Hui Siow, Dan G Pavel, Joe Cardaci, Phil Cohen

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

While early efforts in psychiatry were focused on uncovering the neurobiological basis of psychiatric symptoms, they made little progress due to limited ability to observe the living brain. Today, we know a great deal about the workings of the brain; yet, none of this neurobiological awareness has translated into the practice of psychiatry. The categorical system which dominates psychiatric diagnosis and thinking fails to match up to the real world of genetics, sophisticated psychological testing, and neuroimaging. Nevertheless, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) recently published a position paper stating that neuroimaging provided no benefit to the diagnosis and treatment of …

The Aspet Mentoring Network: Enhancing Diversity And Inclusion Through Career Coaching Groups Within A Scientific Society, Veronica Y. Womack, Bhoomi K. Thakore, Christine V. Wood, David C. Jewett, Remi F. Jones, Susan L. Ingram, Janet A. Clark, Catherine L. Fry, Lynn Wecker, Richard Mcgee

Psychiatry & Behavioral Neurosciences Faculty Publications

Over the past decades, two persisting priorities in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) training have been: 1) increasing the knowledge of and access to careers beyond academic scientist; and 2) increasing the diversity of the STEM workforce. Previous studies show that a uniquely constructed career coaching group provides strong support and progress for both priorities. This report extends this design into a more sustainable model that is positioned within the professional context of rising young scientists. This new model is based in the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics (ASPET)—the ASPET Mentoring Network. Groups of PhD students and …

Identifying And Addressing Barriers To Treatment For Child Sexual Abuse Survivors And Their Non-Offending Caregivers, Kate Theimer, Akemi E. Mii, Emily Sonnen, Kelsey Mccoy, Katie Meidlinger, Brittany Biles, T. Zachary Huit, Mary F. Flood, David J. Hansen

Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications

Mental health treatment is a critical part of an effective and compassionate response to the disclosure of child sexual abuse (CSA). Given the vast negative consequences for children and families following CSA, engagement in treatment can benefit youth and their non-offending caregivers. Yet, these families face unique barriers to treatment initiation, adherence, and effectiveness. The identification of these barriers allows clinicians, researchers, and policy makers to increase treatment utilization, engagement, and value. The current review and its recommendations derive from the existing literature combined with knowledge gained from a clinical research team with more than 20 years of experience offering …