Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Increasing Patient Adherence To Gestational Weight Gain Goals In Pregnancy, Annie Vining

Dissertations

Abstract

Problem: The inability to maintain healthy weight gain during pregnancy may contribute to multiple pregnancy-related complications. Nutritional education and support may improve nutrition and vitamin consumption, and recommendations for healthy gestational weight gains have been published. However, pregnant women have reported minimal advice regarding healthy weight gain during pregnancy. A personalized, nutritional counseling program was initiated in a Midwestern, suburban OB-GYN private practice.

Methods: A quality improvement descriptive, correlational design was used. A cohort of pregnant women first trimester through six-weeks postpartum received individual counseling and face-to-face interaction at an office visit each trimester.

Results: Twenty ( …

Nurses Improving Nutrition Group Attendance Through Rn Invitations, Shelly Johnson, Susanna Mitchell

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: Gestational diabetes (GDM), a common pregnancy complication, increases the risk of dangerous birth outcomes, fetal anomalies, and sustained disease and comorbidity for mothers and infants throughout the lifespan. Insulin use is an independent predictor of anomalies. Our prenatal care did not include detailed nutrition assessments and modifications such as Mediterranean diet, a lifestyle associated with reduction in non-pregnant adult diabetes incidence, even reversal. Adding hands-on cooking to nutrition counseling has improved A1c outcomes. We hypothesized a comprehensive package of diet review, nutrition guidelines, and participation in an onsite cooking class initiated at the beginning of prenatal care (Green …

High-Risk Pregnant Patients In The Third Trimester: Comparing Mental And Physical Health, Megan Maxwell

MSN Capstone Projects

The purpose of the paper is to compare physical and mental health in high-risk pregnant patients in their third trimester who are managed in an inpatient setting compared to an outpatient setting. This paper looks at specific high-risk pregnancy diagnoses.

Awareness Regarding Causes Of Infertility Among Out-Patients At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Karachi, Pakistan, Hamza M. Ahmed, Mohammad Khan, Farah Yasmin, Haris Jawaid, Hiba Khalid, Anum Shigri, Faryal Nawaz, Choudhary A. Hasan

Section of Internal Medicine

Introduction: Infertility is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy within 12 months of sexual intercourse without the use of contraceptives. The Pakistani population, belonging to a low-middle income country, has a high prevalence of infertility due to a low knowledge and awareness regarding its causes, and lack of healthcare-seeking behavior for this medical issue. The prevalence of infertility in Pakistan is reported as 22%, with primary infertility accounting for 4% of the total cases. This leads to psychological trauma among women as societal norms equate infertility with failure on a personal, emotional, and social level. In this study, …

Warty Carcinoma Of Uterine Cervix - Review Of The Literature And Case Report, Octavian Gabriel Olaru, Catalina Monica Pena, Oana Denisa Balalau, Anca Daniela Stanescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. The Histological Classification of Epithelial Tumors of the Uterine Cervix of the World Health Organization includes inter alia warty carcinoma as a variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Until now several case reports and studies have shown that this particular cancer is associated with human papillomavirus/ HPV infection.

Case presentation. A 58-year-old woman presented with a vegetant cervical tumour. Biopsy samples were collected from the tumour, and the histological exam successively confirmed the warty cell carcinoma. Additional tests revealed the presence of single human papillomavirus/ type-45. An immunohistochemistry exam was performed in order to confirm the diagnosis, and …

Risk Factors, Predictive Markers And Prevention Strategies For Intrauterine Fetal Death. An Integrative Review, Roxana Bohiltea, Natalia Turcan, Christina M. Cavinder, Ionită Ducu, Ioana Paunica, Liliana Florina Andronache, Monica Mihaela Cirstoiu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

According to World Health Organization (WHO), fetal death is defined as the death of the fetus prior to its complete expulsion, independent of the duration of pregnancy, thus only ascribing the term stillbirth to fetal deaths in the case of pregnancies after 28 weeks of gestation. The great progress of perinatology care is reflected in a significant reduction in the rate of stillbirths, especially in well-developed countries, with approximately 98% of stillbirth cases now occurring in poor and developing countries. Stillbirth powerfully impacts both the patient and the practitioner. Because nearly half of stillbirth cases result from apparently uncomplicated pregnancies, …

The Serine/Threonine Protein Kinase (Akt)/ Protein Kinase B (Pkb) Signaling Pathway In Breast Cancer, Daniela Miricescu, Camelia Cristina Diaconu, Constantin Stefani, Ana Maria Alexandra Stanescu, Alexandra Totan, Ioana Ruxandra Rusu, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Dan Spinu, Maria Greabu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

According to statistical data published in 2019, breast cancer is among the leading causes of death in women worldwide. The serine/threonine kinase (AKT) or protein kinase B (PkB) signaling pathway is activated by phosphorylation processes, which further is associated with cell growth, proliferation, and survival, but also with activation of glucose metabolism. Mutations of the AKT signaling pathway components (especially PI3KCA and PTEN) have been observed in breast cancer patients, which are associated with resistance to hormonal treatment. Many clinical trials are testing the effect of AKT inhibition in order to block the growth and proliferation of breast cancer cells. …

Anorexia Nervosa And Reproduction: Connecting Brain To Gonads, Mihaela Poterasu, David L. Rowland, Corina Ciobanu, Simona Fica

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder that predominantly affects young women and is characterized by low caloric intake and a major dissatisfaction with one’s body image. It is often overlooked and, while patients and family seek medical help, emaciation and nutritional misbalances may become extreme and potentially life threatening. Among the many somatic complications, an accumulation of early endocrine adaptations occurs, leading to functional amenorrhea and impaired reproduction as a result of dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. Even though these conditions are reversible, long-term consequences may affect the fertility of women with AN and can lead to maternal and …

“Children Are A Blessing From God” – A Qualitative Study Exploring The Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing Contraceptive Use In Two Muslim Communities In Kenya, Batula Abdi, Jerry Okal, Gamal Serour, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Family planning (FP) is one of the high impact public health interventions with huge potential to enhance the health and wellbeing of women and children. Yet, despite the steady progress made towards expanding access to family planning, major disparities across different regions exist in Kenya. This study explored the socio cultural factors influencing FP use among two Muslim communities in Kenya.

Methods: A qualitative study involving Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and In-depth Interviews (IDIs) was conducted (from July to October 2018) in two predominant Muslim communities of Lamu and Wajir counties. Open ended questions explore key thematic areas around …

Is Physical Activity During Late Pregnancy Related To Infant Body Composition At Birth?, Brenna Menke

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Exercise is typically regarded as having a positive impact on maternal and infant health. However, the relationship between maternal physical activity and infant body composition is unclear. The aim of this project was to determine how a physically active lifestyle during late pregnancy influences infant anthropometrics at birth. Pregnant women (34-39 weeks gestation) with low-risk pregnancies were given the Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire (PPAQ) and an accelerometer to wear on their non-dominant wrist for seven consecutive days. Approximately 24-48 hours after delivery, infant body composition was assessed utilizing air displacement plethysmography at the patients’ bedside. Fifty-five pregnant women participated (age: …

Factors Influencing Both Maternal And Infant Body Composition At Two Years Postpartum, Samantha Henry

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Maternal body composition (BC) and physical activity (PA) level during pregnancy both contribute to infant body composition; however, few studies follow children beyond the early weeks to determine the longer-term implications of maternal lifestyle on offspring health. The purpose of this study was threefold: 1) Determine the role of maternal obesity on offspring BC at 2 years of age; 2) Determine the role of PA during pregnancy on maternal and infant BC at two years postpartum; and 3) Determine whether BC at birth (assessed via air displacement plethysmography [PEA POD]) is related to BC at two years of age (assessed …

Follicular Sensitivity Index: A Tool To Predict Successful Conception After Intra-Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection, Rehana Rehman, Amara Zafar, Nida Zahid, Nuruddin Badruddin Mohammed

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Follicular sensitivity index (FSI) is used for estimation of follicular responsiveness to controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) during intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). In a retrospective study, FSI of 1,385 females was calculated as [pre-ovulatory follicle count (PFC) × 100,000]/ [antral follicle count (AFC) × total received stimulation doses]. Females were then categorised into low, middle and high FSI groups according to FSI tertile values. FSI was 8.65 ±2.82 in non-pregnant as compared to 12.02 ±2.04 (p <0.01) in pregnant cohort. FSI turned out to be a strong predictor of successful conception on the receiver operating curve with cutoff value 10.36 at 76% specificity, sensitivity of 86% and area under the curve (AUC; 0.83). Calculation of FSI can thus predict the chances of successful conception in females with different causes of infertility.

Prenatal Diagnosis Of Rare Genetic Conditions At A Tertiary Care Hospital In Karachi, Kouser Karim, Dhanwanti Dileep, Shama Munim

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

This study aims to observe the spectrum of Prenatal Diagnosis of Rare Genetic conditions at a Tertiary care hospital in Karachi. This is a retrospective review conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi from January 2016 to July 2018. All cases undergoing invasive testing by Chorionic villus sampling for indications other than Thalassemia were included. Forty percent of patients in our cohort underwent invasive testing for muscular dystrophies particularly survival motor neuron (SMN) gene deletion and 32% for Cystic Fibrosis. Other rare disorders like JAM 3 mutation, PEX 1 gene, Barters Syndrome, Wardenberg, Bardet-Beidl Syndrome and Lissencephaly accounted for …

(Des)Cuidando A Quienes Nos Crían: Una Exploración Cualitativa Del Abordaje Para El Diagnóstico, La Prevención Y El Tratamiento De La Depresión Posparto En La Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires (2020) / (In)Adequate Care For Those Who Raise Us: A Qualitative Exploration Of The Approach To Diagnosis, Prevention And Treatment Of Postpartum Depression In The City Of Buenos Aires (2020), April Hopcroft

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Aunque el embarazo y la maternidad están representadas como periodos de alegría, la llegada de un bebé es una transición significativa en la vida que también puede provocar sentimientos de ansiedad y depresión. La depresión posparto (DPP) es un trastorno de estado de ánimo que plantea consecuencias graves para ambas madre y bebé. Dada la vacancia de investigación en la Argentina, este trabajo pretende analizar el abordaje actual de intervención de la DPP en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires. Los objetivos específicos son: 1) identificar y describir el proceso de diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento, y 2) indagar las percepciones …

Las Perspectivas Y Experiencias De Los Profesionales Del Campo De La Reproducción Asistida En La Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires Y Bahía Blanca En El Año 2020. / The Perspectives And Experiences Of The Professionals In The Field Of Assisted Reproduction In The Autonomous City Of Buenos Aires And Bahía Blanca In 2020., Calder Hollond

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

En este informe se realiza una exploración del campo de la reproducción asistida en Argentina en 2020 a través de entrevistas personales con seis profesionales en el campo. Estos profesionales vienen de Capital Federal y Bahía Blanca y ofrecen perspectivas diversas en el estado del campo en este momento, los cambios que han pasado en los últimos años, y una mirada hacia el futuro. Este informe utiliza una metodología cualitativa y exploratoria, y un diseño observacional transversal. Además, emplea una muestra no probabilística y un diseño descriptivo para introducir el tema de reproducción asistida en Argentina y después analizarlo a …

¿Es Suficiente La Ley De Parto Respetado? Una Investigación Sobre El Parto Respetado Y La Intervención Médica, A Partir De Las Opiniones De Los Profesionales De La Salud Y Una Organizacion De La Sociedad Civil En La Ciudad Autónoma De Buenos Aires, Argentina / Is The Respected Birth Law Enough? An Investigation On The Respected Birth And Medical Interventions Through The Opinions Of Health Professionals And A Civil Society Organization In The Autonomous City Of Buenos Aires, Argentina, Jennifer Rufino

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

A través de los años, la medicalización y los avances en el campo de medicina ha garantizado un nivel de seguridad para el proceso del embarazo y el parto. Sin embargo, la intervención médica también ha producido una discusión sobre el aumento de cesáreas, el significado del parto respetado, y los derechos de la mujer. Esta investigación exploró las opiniones de los profesionales de salud y una organización de la sociedad civil sobre la ejecución del parto respetado y el aumentado de la tasa de cesáreas en la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Dada la situación de aislamiento social …

Encuadrar El Aborto: Un Estudio De Caso De Dos Medios Impresos Porteños Durante El Debate En El Congreso Nacional De Argentina En 2018 / Framing Abortion: A Case Study Of Two Buenos Aires Print Media During The Debate In The Argentina National Congress In 2018, Emma Lohman

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

En 2018 el Proyecto de Ley de la Interrupción Voluntaria del Embarazo fue presentado al Congreso Nacional de Argentina por la Campaña Nacional por el Derecho al Aborto Legal, Seguro y Gratuito, desatando un debate en todo el país sobre el tema. Dado que los medios impresos desempeñaban un rol importante en la conversación, me interesa investigar cómo dos medios impresos de Buenos Aires, el diario La Nación y la publicación comunitaria mensual Revista Cítrica encuadraron el aborto en sus artículos publicados entre junio y agosto de 2018. Utilizando una metodología cualitativa y teniendo en cuenta que los marcos realizan …

Exploration Of The Effectiveness Of Naprotechnology In Women’S Healthcare, Cecilia Cerven

Honors Projects

Many women today struggle with abnormal menstrual cycles and the painful symptoms of reproductive disorders. The standard approach to treatment of infertility, irregular menses, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), endometriosis, hormonal abnormalities, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and other pathophysiologic reproductive conditions is the prescription of a pill for symptom management or implementation of assisted reproductive technologies. However, many women may not feel comfortable with this treatment strategy due to ethical concerns or apprehension about potential side effects. The purpose of this paper is to assist in bridging the gaps in education to increase overall awareness of a new approach to women’s healthcare, …

Expert Search For "Summary Of The Evidence On The Safety, Efficacy, And Effectiveness Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccines", Kelly K. O'Brien Mslis

Expert Search Strategies

This search strategy was constructed to support the research for the peer reviewed article listed above. Full article abstract:

Background

This objective of this umbrella review was to summarize the evidence on safety, efficacy, and effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines in the general population.

Methods

The authors conducted a literature search and selected systematic reviews if they were published from January 2006 through November 2018, included randomized controlled trials or observational studies, related to the general population, and evaluated HPV vaccine-related clinical outcomes. The authors independently and in duplicate screened literature, extracted data, and appraised reviews using AMSTAR 2, …

Increasing Chlamydia Trachomatis And Neisseria Gonorrhea Screening Among Women 15 To 24 Years Old Using A Multifaceted Approach, Mackenzie Shireman

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2017a) estimates that one-quarter of sexually active people are between 15 and 24 years old, but account for half of 20 million sexually transmitted diseases (STD) reported annually in the United States. Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhea (NG) are the most common reportable STDs (CDC, 2018). The purpose of this project was to increase CT/NG screening rates among sexually active, nonpregnant women 15 to 24 years old within the primary care setting through colleague education, routine sexual history taking, and indicated testing. A 30-minute colleague in-service was provided to educate clinical …