Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Implementation Of Guidelines For Preprocedural Ultrasound In Neuraxial Placement For Obstetric Patients With Scoliosis, Luther Nyirenda

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Neuraxial anesthesia including epidural, spinal, and combined spinal-epidural, is used with 65% of parturients in the United States for the management of pain and discomfort. Conventional landmark palpation has been the mainstay technique for neuraxial anesthesia, but unfamiliar spinal anatomy can lead to incomplete blockade or an increased incidence of complications. Scoliosis causes lateral curvature and rotation of the spine leading to arthritis and soft tissue changes that can present obscure anatomical landmarks, cause difficulty in needle passage, and result in inadequacy of local anesthetic efficacy. The literature illustrates that preprocedural ultrasound is recommended for needle placement in parturients with …

An Ot Program To Support Women With High-Risk Pregnancy, Mackenzie M. Morgan, Cassandra Nelson

Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

This poster is an overview of an occupational therapy program developed at a Women's Health OBGYN Clinic in Texas. The program was designed to address the needs of women with high-risk pregnancy and focused on mental health, physical health, energy conservation, emotional regulation, and social participation. The findings indicate the needs for further research to understand how occupational therapy can support women's health and an expansion of program offerings to increase support for high-risk pregnancy.

Evidenced-Based Strategies To Increase Cervical Cancer Screening Rates, Tuong Cat Vo Bsn-Rn, Nada Salloukh Bsn-Rn, Tatiana Elena Swanson Bsn-Rn, Xiao Mie Cindy Zhu Bsn-Rn, Laura Taylor Reed Dnp, Aprn, Fnp-Bc

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Purpose/Background

Cervical cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer affecting women worldwide (Staley et al., 2021). With cervical cancer being a preventable disease, an effective method of reducing healthcare costs and mortality is primary prevention, such as screenings. Financial burdens and barriers to accessing medical care may result due to the lack of proper cervical cancer screenings. Detecting cervical cancer includes screening women 21 to 65 years old with a Papanicolaou (PAP) test every three years. Women aged 30 to 65 years old can extend the screening of cervical cancer by having a Human Papillomavirus (HPV) test along with …

Same Or Different? Resolution Of Diagnostic Difficulty Of Two Mixed Cell-Type Tumors In Ovarian Pathology., Sarah Ingram, Kelly Brenan, Priyanka Raju Md, Wei Shaw Do, Stever Sowers Pa

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

Improving Awareness Of Surgical Ergonomics In Gynecologic Surgery, Priyanka Raju Md, Annika Eveland Md, Dominic Cammarano Do

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

‘Mama May I?’: A Comprehensive Guide To Inform Occupational Therapy Practitioners For The Wellness Of Black Pregnant Women, Tavia Williams, Angela Blackwell, Aminee Alexander

Spring 2024 Virtual OTD Capstone Symposium

Black women are facing a decline in well-being because health providers do not understand how pregnancy impacts them differently than other race in the United States. This population is dying at a rate 3-4 more times than white, Asian, and Hispanic women. These deaths are preventable as many stem from racism and bias in medicine (Markin & Coleman, 2023). Historically, occupational therapists have not been included in the care of pregnant women due to the exclusive team of obstetric providers, doulas, and midwives (Rost et al., 2023). Because the United States primarily utilizes the medical model for perinatal healthcare, pregnant …

Pessary Use In Urology Clinics, Kathy Z. Lu Bs, Emily Brodowsky Md, Alex Stephens Ms, Samantha Raffee Md, Humphrey Atiemo Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Pessaries are a non-invasive treatment option for patients with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) or stress urinary incontinence (SUI). There is currently limited data regarding pessary usage among urology patients. The aim of this study is to determine the patient characteristics that predict long term pessary usage versus surgical intervention.

Methods: A 10-year retrospective review of pessary usage in women with either SUI or POP was performed. Patients were stratified into pessary longevity of less than or greater than one year. Quality of life measures before and after pessary use included pads per day, incontinence symptom index (ISI) scores, and …

Exploring The Effects Of Amniotic Bladder Therapy On Female Sexual Dysfunction In Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome Patients, Jonathan D. Lutchka, Jack Vercnocke Md, David Pearlman Md, Aron Liaw Md, Nivedita Dhar Md

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction and Objectives: Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is commonly associated with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS). FSD manifests as abnormalities in sexual desire, arousal, orgasm, pain, distress, and satisfaction. Our primary objective was to assess the impact of micronized amniotic membrane injections (AM) on FSD and lower urinary tract symptoms using comprehensive measures, including the multi-domain Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Pain Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and the Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Index (ICSI) and Interstitial Cystitis Problem Index (ICPI).

Methods: Study participants included patients diagnosed with IC/BPS and FSD refractory to traditional therapies. Under general anesthesia, these …

Assessment Of Breastfeeding Education In Medical Training, Saranya Madan, Abigail Kuplicki

Medical Student Research Symposium

In 2019, the Academy of Breastfeeding Medicine issued a revised set of educational objectives for medical trainees at various stages of education. In this statement, objectives for medical school were broken down into preclinical and clinical training objectives. In this project, our goal is to assess the degree to which medical training at Wayne State University School of Medicine is addressing these aims.

The assessment of breastfeeding education is accomplished by surveying medical students at various stages of training (M1-M4) and eliciting their level of confidence in and understanding of the topics outlined in the objectives by the Academy of …

Assisted Delivery Device, Rachel Rowe, Madeliene Mumford, Jenna Eissmann, Brittany Trinh

Biomedical Engineering

Current devices used to assist in complicated births present serious risks to both the mother and the fetus, which has caused a decline in the use of these devices over the last decade. This senior project team has proposed an alternative device that interfaces with the infant’s shoulders that would decrease these risks and contribute to the decrease of unnecessary c-sections due to device inadequacy. This Statement of Work includes research on the downfalls of current devices, existing patents, customer requirements, engineering specifications, and a design plan through December of this year. The next phase of this project will include …

Dhea: A Neglected Biological Signal That May Affect Fetal And Child Development, Natasha A. Bailey, Elysia Poggi Davis, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The stress-sensitive maternal hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis through the end-product cortisol, represents a primary pathway through which maternal experience shapes fetal development with long-term consequences for child neurodevelopment. However, there is another HPA axis end-product that has been widely ignored in the study of human pregnancy. The synthesis and release of dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) is similar to cortisol, so it is a plausible, but neglected, biological signal that may influence fetal neurodevelopment. DHEA also may interact with cortisol to determine developmental outcomes. Surprisingly, there is virtually nothing known about human fetal exposure to prenatal maternal DHEA and offspring neurodevelopment. The current study …

Recent Studies In The Surgical Treatment Of Tetralogy Of Fallot, Emma C. Gardner

Mako: NSU Undergraduate Student Journal

No abstract provided.

Ogilvie's Syndrome: Acute Colonic Pseudoobstruction. A Review For Residents., Tyler Bayliss, Caleb Clark, Errington C. Thompson

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Ogilvie's syndrome (acute colonic pseudoobstruction) was first described in 1948. Acute colonic pseudoobstruction can occur in a variety of clinical settings, including postsurgical, obstetrics, pelvic surgery, critical care and sepsis. Clinicians need to recognize the syndrome early. Colonic distention without evidence of obstruction can be seen on plain films of the abdomen or CT scan. Successful therapies, including bowel rest, neostigmine and colonoscopic decompression, have been used. Avoiding respiratory compromise from abdominal distention and colonic perforation of the primary goals of treatment. Surgical intervention should be reserved for patients who are refractory to medical treatment or develops signs and symptoms …

Attitudes And Barriers To Breastfeeding Among Women At High-Risk For Not Breastfeeding: A Prospective Observational Study, Jessica Cole, Ateshi Bhatt, Andrew G. Chapple, Sarah Buzhardt, Elizabeth F. Sutton

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Rates of breastfeeding are lower among minority and underserved populations in the United States. Our study objective was to assess pregnant persons attitudes and barriers to breastfeeding among a cohort at high risk for not breastfeeding. Methods We disseminated the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale (IIFAS) to 100 pregnant persons at least 18 years of age attending a prenatal visit in a low-resource, academic practice in south-central Louisiana (Woman’s Hospital). The IIFAS, as well as questions collecting information on breastfeeding experience and sociodemographic characteristics, were administered via interview. Medical records were reviewed to investigate associations between attitudes about breastfeeding …

Comparing The Trends Of Postpartum Depression Screening Scores During And Before The Covid-19 Pandemic, Elif S. Duran, Dung Dang, Tony Ogburn

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Postpartum depression includes major and minor depressive disorder affecting women in the time period after childbirth. The studies reviewed in our literature found that the COVID-19 pandemic has increased the risk of postpartum depression for women. Our study location, the Rio Grande Valley is one of the hardest hit locations by the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Our patient population is also one with the higher risk factors for postpartum depression. As such, we are expecting the psychological impact of the pandemic to be even more magnified and thus, actions need to be taken to support the vulnerable …

Editorial: Care During Pregnancy And Early Childhood For Growth And Development In Low- And Middle- Income Countries, Ranadip Chowdhury, Ravi Prakash Upadhyay, Bireshwar Sinha, Nita Bhandari, Sunita Taneja, Jai K. Das

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Pre And Post Foley Catheter Bishop’S Score: A Retrospective Record Review At Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan, Ayesha Malik, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Farheen Yousuf, Azra Amerjee, Sumaira Naz, Safna Naozer Virji Safna Naozer Virji

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Objective: To compare pre and post Foley's catheter Bishop Score during labour induction.
Methods: This study was a retrospective study conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan after approval from ethical review board. All women who underwent induction of labour with Foley's Catheter at gestation of 37 weeks or more from September 2014-October 2015 were included. Data was entered and analyzed in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. The comparison between pre and post Foley's catheter Bishop Score during labour induction will be calculated by Wilcoxon sign test.
Results: There were 981 cases of inductions of …

Evaluating The Effect Of Maternal Non-Communicable Disease On Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes And Birthweight In Pakistan, A Facility Based Retrospective Cohort Study, Esther Wainwright, Sheikh Irfan Ahmed, Rahat Qureshi, Sana Yousuf, Raheela Khan, Matthew Elmes

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) claim 74% of global lives, disproportionately affecting lower and middle-income countries like Pakistan. NCDs may increase the risk of preterm birth (PTB), caesarean section (CS), and low birthweight. This study aims to determine whether the high prevalence of NCDs in Pakistan play a role in the high rates of preterm births, and CS. This retrospective cohort study from Aga Khan University Hospital, Pakistan, investigated effects of pre-existing NCDs on pregnancy outcomes of 817 pregnant women. Medical records were used to generate odds ratios for the risk of PTB, labour outcome and birthweight in women with type 1 …

Identifying Opportunities For Prevention Of Adverse Outcomes Following Female Genital Fistula Repair: Protocol For A Mixed-Methods Study In Uganda, Alison El Ayadi, Susan Obore, Fred Kirya, Suellen Miller, Abner Korn, Hadija Nalubwama, John Neuhaus, Monica Getahun, Patrick Eyul, Robert Twine, Erin Andrew, Justus Barageine

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Female genital fistula is a traumatic debilitating injury, frequently caused by prolonged obstructed labor, affecting between 500,000-2 million women in lower-resource settings. Vesicovaginal fistula causes urinary incontinence, and other morbidity may occur during fistula development. Women with fistula are stigmatized, limit social and economic engagement, and experience psychiatric morbidity. Improved surgical access has reduced fistula consequences yet post-repair risks impacting quality of life and well-being include fistula repair breakdown or recurrence and ongoing or changing urine leakage or incontinence. Limited evidence on risk factors contributing to adverse outcomes hinders interventions to mitigate adverse events. This study aims to quantify …

Infant Growth And Body Composition From Birth To 24 Months: Are Infants Developing The Same?, Shane A. Norris, Lukhanyo H. Nyati, Alexia Murphy Alford, Nishani Lucas, Ina S. Santos, Caroline S. Costa, Rebecca Kuriyan, V Pujitha Wickranasinghe, Shabina Ariff, Andrew P. Hills

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Given the importance of infancy for establishing growth trajectories, with later-life health consequences, we investigated longitudinal body composition among infants from six economically and ethnically diverse countries.
Methods: We recruited mother-infant dyads using the WHO Multicenter Growth Reference Study criteria. We measured fat-free mass (FFM) in 1393 (49% female) infants from birth to 6 months of age (Australia, India, and South Africa; n = 468), 3-24 months of age (Brazil, Pakistan, South Africa, and Sri Lanka; n = 925), and derived fat mass (FM), fat mass index (FMI), and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length …

How To Create This Gynecological Task Trainer, Jami Monico, Karen S. Carlson

Posters and Presentations: Obsetrics & Gynecology

This document contains instructions for how to create a gynecological task trainer with a 3D-printed uterus and silicone cervix.

Using Of Fragment Specific Plate 2.5 Millimetre In Cases Of Distal Radius Fracture, Ibrahim Ahmed Hussien, Amro Ahmed Fouaad, Ahmed Samy Al-Noamany

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Fractures of the distal radius inside the joint are a common injury. Whether caused by high-energy trauma or, more commonly among the elderly and those with osteoporosis, low-energy trauma, these fractures tend to be unstable and require immediate medical attention. The use of external fixators for intra-articular distal radius fractures has been supplanted by the use of internal fixators. Aim and objectives: to examine the radiological and clinical results of treating distal radius fractures that occurred on the dorsum of the individual's right and left arms (dorsal or dorso-radial) using a fragment-specific plate (2.5 mm). Subjects and methods: Hospitals …

Comparative Study Between Radical Hysterectomy With Or Without Pelvic Lymphadenectomy For Stage Ii Endometrial Carcinoma, Mohamed Esmat Abdelghany, Ahmed El Sayed Mohamed Abdelrahman, El-Sayed Ragab Mostafa Abdelghany

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: The removal of the uterus by surgical procedures is the standard treatment for endometrial cancer, which is the most common type of malignant gynecological tumor. Surgery for early-stage endometrial cancer often involves a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, with or without bilateral pelvic/para-aortic lymphadenectomy. In some cases, the patient may also have bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. Aim and objectives: The objective of the study is to evaluate the efficacy of radical hysterectomy with or without pelvic lymphadenectomy in the treatment of stage II endometrial cancer. Both approaches were examined in terms of the adverse effects they produced, as well …

A Randomized, Controlled Trial Comparing The Metformin, Oral Contraceptive Pills And Their Combination In Patients With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, Hamed Mohamed Hamed Abd El Rahman, Mohamed Ali Mohamed, Mohamed Ibrahem Mohamed Ibrahem

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Objectives: To assess the effectiveness of metformin also OCP in females with PCOS. Subject and Methods: This was a prospective study that included three hundred patients who were chosen at random from patients who attended outpatient obstetrics and gynecology clinics at Al-Azhar University Hospitals. Samples were obtained using a systematic random technique. Results: Variations in age, BMI, and waist-to-hip ratio among the groups were statistically significant. Blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature demonstrated no statistically significant distinctions among the 2 groups. There was significant variance among examined group as regard TG, LDL-cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose and Fasting insulin. There was …

The Usefulness Of The Added Dw-Mri In Differentiation Of Various Bone Tumors And Tumor Like Focal Lesions, Hesham Mahmoud Hamza, Hoda Abdel-Kareem Abdel-Samiae, Mohamed Ahmed Ahmed Ali, Tarek Mohamed Mohamed Mansour, Marwa Mahmoud Esmail

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Any imaging method that is now available can be used to diagnose malignancies that originate in the bones. Plain radiography is the imaging modality that is utilized the vast majority of the time in order to arrive at a diagnosis and identify the characteristics of a variety of osseous lesions. The diagnosis of bone cancer can be challenging, but CT scans can provide useful information about the anatomical breadth of the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the test that is considered to be the gold standard when it comes to diagnosing cancer and anomalies in the skeleton that …

Cold Snare Polypectomy Versus Hot Snare Polypectomy In Endoscopic Treatment Of Non Pedunculated Colorectal Polyps Larger Than Or Equal 1 Cm, Magdy Abd Al-Karim Al-Dahsha, Mohammed S. Hussein, Sadek Mosta, Abd Al Nabi Saeed Al Sham, Mohamed Fahmy Soliman Alsabagh

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: In most cases, hot polypectomy is used to treat colon polyps that are more than 1 centimeter in diameter. Electrocautery-induced damage accounts for the majority of adverse outcomes, including prolonged bleeding, post-polypectomy syndrome, and perforation. We postulated that cold resection of big polyps would be as effective as hot polypectomy while being significantly safer for the patient. Aim and objectives: for the purpose of comparing the rates of intraoperative bleeding, clinically significant postoperative bleeding, and perforation between Cold Snaring Polypectomy and Hot Snaring Polypectomy in patients with non-pedunculated colorectal polyps of 10 mm or larger. Subjects and methods: Prospective …

Role Of 4d Ultrasonography In Assessment Of Amniotic Fluid Disorders Of Fetal Renal Origin, Saad R. Al-Gebaly, Sileem A. Sileem, Lotfy A. Murad

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Fetal anomalies are detected in approximately 2% of all fetuses and, among these, genitourinary tract abnormalities account for 30% to 50% of all structural anomalies present at birth. Aim : to assess the role of 3D ultrasound in detection of fetal causes of oligohydramnios. Patients and Methods: The study was conducted on 60 pregnant females aged between (19 years and 39 years) mean ± SD 26.6 ± 4.9 presented with olighydraminos, at Al-Azhar University Hospital Assuit branch at Obstetric and gynecological and Radoidaignostic departments in the period from 1st December 2021 to 31th October 2022 . Results: Causes of …

Intraventricalar Hemorrhge In Preterm Infants Identfication Of Risk Factors And Related Outcome, Tarek Mohamed M. Mansour, Mohamed Farouk Ahmad, Mostafa Abd El Azeem Hassan, Mahmoud Mohamed Abdelmotalep Mohamed Elfayoumy, Mohamed Talaat Mohamed Ibrahim, Mohamed M. El-Baroudy

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage is the most common intracranial hemorrhage in preterm newborns. The high incidence and problems made it important. Many etiologies and risk factors have been found. Newborns can get IVH. Methods: This study included 100 neonates, 59% cases were males & 41% cases were females. GA ranged from 27 to 36 weak, with a mean of 31.9 ±1.67 weak. The weight ranged from 750 g. to 2.93 kg., with a mean of 1.7 ± 0.44 kg. Trans cranial US was done at day one, three and day seven after delivery. Results: The study found that IVH rates were …

Comparative Evaluation Of Diosmectite Versus Nitazoxanide And Their Combination In The Treatment Of Cryptosporidiosis In Immunosuppressed Mice, Enas A. El Saftawy, Walla’A A. Osman, Rania M. Sarhan, Rabab S. Zalat, Shimaa A. Atta

Al-Azhar International Medical Journal

Abstract

Background

Cryptosporidiosis is a parasitic infection that affects immunocompromised patients and can result in systemic involvement of different organs and death.

Aim

To compare nitazoxanide (an antiprotozoal agent) and diosmectite (an antidiarrheal agent) and their combination in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis infection.

Materials and methods

Mice were divided into five groups: negative control, the infected untreated (positive control), diosmectite-treated, nitazoxanide-treated, and the group treated with nitazoxanide and diosmectite simultaneously. The evaluation was through measuring body weight, oocyst shedding, intestinal, and hepatic histopathological examination, as well as estimation of some inflammatory and oxidative markers.

Results

Body weight was improved significantly …

Uterine Rupture In The First Trimester: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Steve Mutiso, Felix Oindi, Debbie Mundia

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Uterine rupture is a rare complication that can occur in the frst trimester of pregnancy. It can lead to serious maternal morbidity or mortality, which is mostly due to catastrophic bleeding. First trimester uterine rupture is rare; hence, diagnosis can be challenging as it may be confused with other causes of early pregnancy bleeding such as an ectopic pregnancy. We present a case of frst trimester scar dehiscence and conduct a literature review of this rare condition.

Case presentation: A 39-year-old African patient with four previous hysterotomy scars presented with severe lower abdominal pain at 11 weeks of gestation. …