Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

Midtrimester Dilation And Evacuation (D&E) Versus Prostaglandin Induction: A Comparison Of Composite Outcomes (Poster), Kari A. Whitley Md, Meredith L. Rochon Md, Kevin Trinchere, Wendy Prutsman Msn, Crnp

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

Preterm Labor: Can The Initial Cervical Dilation Predict Gestational Age At Delivery?, Olga E. Jackson Md, Mph, Joanne N. Quiñones Md, Msce

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

A Cost Analysis Of Postoperative Pain Management In Endometrial Cancer Patients: Robotic Department Of Surgery Vs. Laparoscopy Department Of Surgery, Martin A. Martino Md, Jocelyn Shubella, Rachel Miller Pa-C, Joycelyn C. Schindler Md, Sharon R. Kimmel Phd, Mha, Shamol Williams Msii, Richard Boulay Md, M Bijoy Thomas Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

The Potential Role Of Innate Immunity In The Pathogenesis Of Post-Operative Adhesions, Jennell White

Wayne State University Dissertations

Post-operative adhesion development occurs in the vast majority of patients following abdominal surgery and is a natural occurrence of peritoneal-wound healing. These fibrous bands may form within the first 5-7 days post-surgery and have the ability to cause a distortion in the normal anatomical positioning of abdominal organs. Consequently, adhesions are major contributors to small bowel obstruction, infertility, and severe pelvic and abdominal pain. Physiological processes responsible for adhesion formation remain obscure though it is believed to involve cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation of several cell types including mesothelial cells, fibroblasts, and inflammatory and immune cells. Substances released from these …

The Epidemiology Of Bacterial Vaginosis In Relation To Sexual Behaviour, Hans Verstraelen, Rita Verhelst, Mario Vaneechoutte, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) has been most consistently linked to sexual behaviour, and the epidemiological profile of BV mirrors that of established sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It remains a matter of debate however whether BV pathogenesis does actually involve sexual transmission of pathogenic microorganisms from men to women. We therefore made a critical appraisal of the literature on BV in relation to sexual behaviour.

Discussion: G. vaginalis carriage and BV occurs rarely with children, but has been observed among adolescent, even sexually non-experienced girls, contradicting that sexual transmission is a necessary prerequisite to disease acquisition. G. vaginalis carriage is enhanced …

Evaluation Of Health Workforce Competence In Maternal And Neonatal Issues In Public Health Sector Of Pakistan: An Assessment Of Their Training Needs, Shabina Ariff, Sajid B. Soofi, Kamran Sadiq, Asher B. Feroze, Shuaib Khan, Sadiqua N. Jafarey, Nabeela Ali, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: More than 450 newborns die every hour worldwide, before they reach the age of four weeks (neonatal period) and over 500,000 women die from complications related to childbirth. The major direct causes of neonatal death are infections (36%), Prematurity (28%) and Asphyxia (23%). Pakistan has one of the highest perinatal and neonatal mortality rates in the region and contributes significantly to global neonatal mortality. The high mortality rates are partially attributable to scarcity of trained skilled birth attendants and paucity of resources. Empowerment of health care providers with adequate knowledge and skills can serve as instrument of change. Methods: …

Phase Iii, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Evaluation Of Pregabalin For Alleviating Hot Flashes, N07c1, Charles L. Loprinzi, Rui Qin, Ernie P. Baclueva, Donald J. Jurgens

Articles

PURPOSE:

Hot flashes are a common problem for which effective and safe treatments are needed. The current trial was conducted on the basis of preliminary promising data that pregabalin decreased hot flashes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:

A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial design was used to compare pregabalin at target doses of 75 mg twice daily and 150 mg twice daily with a placebo. Hot flash frequencies and scores (frequency times mean severity) were recorded daily during a baseline week and for six treatment weeks. The primary end point for this study was the change-from-baseline hot flash score during treatment week 6 …

Relationship Between Maternal Methadone Dose At Delivery And Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome., Neil S., Seligman, Christopher V. Almario, Edward J. Hayes, Kevin C. Dysart, Vincenzo Berghella, Jason K. Baxter

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship between maternal methadone dose and the incidence of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS).

STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of pregnant women treated with methadone for opiate addiction who delivered live-born neonates between 1996 and 2006. Four dose groups, on the basis of total daily methadone dose, were compared (160 mg/d). The primary outcome was treatment for NAS. Symptoms of NAS were objectively measured with the Finnegan scoring system, and treatment was initiated for a score>24 during the prior 24 hours.

RESULTS: A total of 330 women treated with methadone and their 388 …

Examining The "Urban Advantage" In Maternal Health Care In Developing Countries, Zoe¨ Matthews, Amos Channon, Nyovani Madise, William Stones

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Although recent survey data make it possible to examine inequalities in maternal and newborn health care in developing countries, analyses have not tended to take into consideration the special nature of urban poverty.

Using improved methods to measure urban poverty in 30 countries, we found substantial inequalities in maternal and newborn health, and in access to health care.

The ‘‘urban advantage’’ is, for some, non-existent. The urban poor do not necessarily have better access to services than the rural poor, despite their proximity to services.

There are two main patterns of urban inequality in developing countries: (1) massive exclusion, in …

The Efficacy Of Intravenous Hyoscine-N-Butylbromide (Buscopan®) For The Acceleration Of Labour In First Time Parturients: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Mukaindo A. Mwaniki

Master of Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Objective: to establish the safety and efficacy of hyoscine-N-butylbromide (Buscopan®) in accelerating labour in first time parturients. Design: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Setting: the antenatal clinic and maternity unit of the Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi, Kenya. Population: first time parturients in spontaneous labour at term. Methods: women were randomised to receive 40mg of hyoscine-N-butylbromide or sterile water for injection intravenously once they were confirmed to be in active labour. The dose could be repeated once after four hours. Outcome measures: the main outcome measure was the duration of labour from diagnosis of active stage to delivery. Secondary …

Is It Possible To Reduce Rates Of Placenta Praevia, Sheena Memon, Kaweeta Kumari, Haleema Yasmin, Sheerin Bhutta

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

To determine factors responsible for rising rates of placenta praevia. This comparative study was performed at Jinnah Post Graduate Medical Centre Karachi, (Group-A) from September 2000 to February 2002 and (Group-B) from January 2008 to January 2009. All women with major degree of placenta praevia diagnosed on ultrasound who came in emergency or through out patient department were included in the study. Patients with mild degree of placenta praevia were excluded. Group A had 100 patients and Group B, 58 patients. Chi-Squire test was used for comparison of previous study and current study. The number of unbooked cases in both …

Birth Weight Estimation--A Sonographic Model For Pakistani Population, Waseem Akhtar, Arif Ali, Mubashir Aslam, Farah Saeed, Salman, Nadeem Ahmad

Department of Radiology

OBJECTIVE: To develop a sonographic birth weight estimation model for Pakistani population and to validate the published models in the same population.

METHODS: Data was collected for pregnant women who presented to Radiology Department of Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi from January 2007 to July 2008 and had undergone ultrasound estimation of foetal weight within 4 days prior to a term delivery (37-42 weeks gestation). The neonate's actual birth weight was used to validate the published foetal weight estimation models and modified sonographic birth weight estimation model was derived for our population by using linear regression.

RESULTS: Modified sonographic birth …

Health Related Quality Of Life Changes Among Users Of Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate (Dmpa) For Contraception, Sikolia Wanyonyi

Master of Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background: Contraceptive use is often a lifestyle choice that could impact on the quality of life. Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), like any other contraceptive method has other effects besides fertility control. Understanding how these impacts on the quality of life could assist in client counseling, eventually leading to informed choices. Objective: To determine health related quality of life changes associated with the use of DMPA for contraception. Methods: A longitudinal observational study was carried out between December 2008 and September 2009 at family planning clinics at the Aga Khan University Hospital and Family Health Options, Kenya (FHOK) after institutional and …

Implementing A Maternal Newborn Service Excellence Program: Lessons Learned (Poster), Judith Pfeiffer Bsn, Rnc

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Parent-Child Communication About Sexual And Reproductive Health In Rural Tanzania: Implications For Young People's Sexual Health Interventions, Joyce Wamoyi, Angela Fenwick, Mark Urassa, Basia Zaba, William Stones

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background

Many programmes on young people and HIV/AIDS prevention have focused on the in-school and channeled sexual and reproductive health messages through schools with limited activities for the young people's families. The assumption has been that parents in African families do not talk about sexual and reproductive health (SRH) with their children. These approach has had limited success because of failure to factor in the young person's family context, and the influence of parents. This paper explores parent-child communication about SRH in families, content, timing and reasons for their communication with their children aged 14-24 years in rural Tanzania.

Methods …

Use Of An Animal Model To Explore Prenatal Predictors Of Insulin And Glucose Metabolism In Southwestern Alaskan Yupiit, Julie Jo Kachinski

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Compared to other North American indigenous populations, Southwest Alaskan Yupiit exhibit very low rates of type 2 diabetes despite the occurrence of common risk factors. Contemporary Yupiit obtain a substantial portion of their calories from traditional foods, which contain high amounts of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Epidemiological and experimental animal research has linked glucose and insulin homeostasis with a diet high in omega-3s. This study used an experimental animal model to explore potential diabetes protective effects (for adult offspring) of prenatal maternal nutrition modeled on traditional locally-obtained Yupiit diets. The results of this study showed that the adult offspring whose …

Pregnancy Outcomes In Female Liver Recipients Transplanted Under The Age Of 21, Carlo B. Ramirez, Warren R. Maley, Cataldo Doria, Lisa A. Coscia, Michael J. Moritz, Vincent T. Armenti

Department of Surgery Faculty Papers

Conclusions: Liver recipients transplanted under the age of 21 are able to maintain pregnancy with 75% resulting in a livebirth. Pregnancy, potential risks for mother and newborn, and long-term maternal survival should be discussed with the recipient and the parents of the recipient. Transplant centers are encouraged to report pregnancy outcomes in these recipients to the NTPR.

The Interim Window: Women’S Experiences During In Vitro Fertilization Leading To Maternal Embryo Attachment, Tammy Mackinnon Lampley

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Infertility affects about 7.3 million women and their partners in the U.S., about 12% of the reproductive-age population. In vitro fertilization (IVF) has been used successfully in the United States since 1981. The number of women seeking artificial reproductive techniques (ART) has increased dramatically and the number of ART cycles performed in the United States has more than doubled, from 64,681 in 1996 to 134,260 in 2005 and 99% of these are IVF. Studies indicated that women rank waiting for the outcome of and IVF treatment and a negative pregnancy result as the most stressful events during their treatment. Although …

The Use Of The Use Of Negative Pressure Wound Therapy In Vulvar Wounds, E. K. Ricci, Md, J. Brace, Phd, Crn, Bc, Cwocn, Aprn, N. G. Rosenblum, Md, Phd

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Patients with severe HS or Necrotizing Fasciitis often require extensive surgical debridement.

Traditionally, these wounds have been closed using split-thickness skin grafts with or without the use of the VAC device.

Our case study demonstrates good outcomes using the VAC device alone to achieve complete closure when applied immediately following debridement with frequent VAC changes.

Duration Of Maternal Human Papilloma Virus Infection And Risk Of Spontaneous Preterm Birth, K. Soin, Ms, N. S. Seligman, Md, A. Nnoli, Md, K. Dysart, Md, J. K. Baxter, Md, Mscp

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Papers

Conclusions:

Duration of HPV infection was not a significant risk factor for spontaneous PTB <37 weeks.

Cervical HPV DNA and HPV serology may further delineate the relationship between HPV infection and SPTB <37 weeks.

A larger sample size may be necessary to show a difference.

The 3.5x higher rate of fetal death > 23 weeks in our study (compared to fetal death > 20 weeks in the U.S.) needs further investigation.