Obstetrics and Gynecology Commons^™

A Quantitative Proteomics-Based Signature Of Platinum Sensitivity In Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines, G. Fan, K. O. Wrzeszczynski, C. Fu, G. Su, D. J. Pappin, R. Lucito, N. K. Tonks

Journal Articles

Although DNA encodes the molecular instructions that underlie the control of cell function, it is the proteins that are primarily responsible for implementing those instructions. Therefore quantitative analyses of the proteome would be expected to yield insights into important candidates for the detection and treatment of disease. We present an iTRAQ (isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification)-based proteomic analysis of ten ovarian cancer cell lines and two normal ovarian surface epithelial cell lines. We profiled the abundance of 2659 cellular proteins of which 1273 were common to all 12 cell lines. Of the 1273, 75 proteins exhibited elevated expression …

Spag17 Deficiency Results In Skeletal Malformations And Bone Abnormalities, Maria Eugenia Teves, Gobalakrishnan Sundaresan, David J. Cohen, Sharon L. Hyzy, Illya Kajan, Melissa Maczis, Zhibing Zhang, Richard M. Costanzo, Jamal Zweit, Zvi Schwartz, Barbara` D. Boyan, Jerome F. Strauss Iii

Obstetrics and Gynecology Publications

Height is the result of many growth and development processes. Most of the genes associated with height are known to play a role in skeletal development. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the SPAG17 gene have been associated with human height. However, it is not clear how this gene influences linear growth. Here we show that a targeted mutation in Spag17 leads to skeletal malformations. Hind limb length in mutants was significantly shorter than in wild-type mice. Studies revealed differences in maturation of femur and tibia suggesting alterations in limb patterning. Morphometric studies showed increased bone formation evidenced by increased trabecular bone area …

Sperm Associated Antigen 6 (Spag6) Regulates Fibroblast Cell Growth, Morphology, Migration And Ciliogenesis, Wei Li, Abir Mukherjee, Jinhua Wu, Ling Zhang, Maria E. Teves, Hongfei Li, Shanti Nambiar, Scott C. Henderson, Alan R. Horwitz, Jerome F. Strauss Iii, Xianjun Fang, Zhibing Zhang

Obstetrics and Gynecology Publications

Mammalian Spag6 is the orthologue of Chlamydomonas PF16, which encodes a protein localized in the axoneme central apparatus, and regulates flagella/cilia motility. Most Spag6-deficient mice are smaller in size than their littermates. Because SPAG6 decorates microtubules, we hypothesized that SPAG6 has other roles related to microtubule function besides regulating flagellar/cilia motility. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) were isolated from Spag6-deficient and wild-type embryos for these studies. Both primary and immortalizedSpag6-deficient MEFs proliferated at a much slower rate than the wild-type MEFs, and they had a larger surface area. Re-expression of SPAG6 in the Spag6-deficient MEFs …

Characterizing The Propagation Of Uterine Electrophysiological Signals Recorded With A Multi-Sensor Abdominal Array In Term Pregnancies., Diana Escalona-Vargas, Rathinaswamy B. Govindan, Adrian Furdea, Pam Murphy, Curtis L Lowery, Hari Eswaran

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

The objective of this study was to quantify the number of segments that have contractile activity and determine the propagation speed from uterine electrophysiological signals recorded over the abdomen. The uterine magnetomyographic (MMG) signals were recorded with a 151 channel SARA (SQUID Array for Reproductive Assessment) system from 36 pregnant women between 37 and 40 weeks of gestational age. The MMG signals were scored and segments were classified based on presence of uterine contractile burst activity. The sensor space was then split into four quadrants and in each quadrant signal strength at each sample was calculated using center-of-gravity (COG). To …

The Impact Of Centeringpregnancy Implementation, Carole Ann Moleti

2010-2016 Archived Posters

Evaluation of 6 Centering Pregnancy Group Prenatal Care cycles showed the logic models supported implementation and expansion of Centering Groups at 2 federally qualified health centers. There was adequate progress toward site approval with favorable method fidelity scores in addition to patient and staff satisfaction ratings using the Centering Counts data collection system. Outcomes in 33 participants demonstrated beneficial effects on key indicators.

Meeting The Challenge Of Abortion As A Topic In Medical Education, Julia B. Frank, Seema Kakar, Gisela Butera, Maria Jarkowiec, Suzanne Gouda

Medicine Faculty Posters and Presentations

Abortions typically occur outside of academic medical centers, in a highly politicized context. As adult learners. students may have well formed beliefs about abortion. Few schools address the subject in the clinical years and even fewer in the pre-clinical years. Fulfilling the APGO mandate to provide abortion education requires the development of innovative approaches.

Psychosocial Determinants Of Elective Cesarean Section Deliveries In Selected Obstetric Facilities In Nairobi, Kenya, Tom Joseph Oguta

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Cesarean section (CS) rates have generally increased across the world in the past decade. Reducing elective cesarean section (ECS) rates is imperative as many countries aim to maintain threshold CS rates at or below 15%, the level recommended by the United States' National Institutes of Health. Women are believed to consider ECS for various interconnected psychosocial reasons, but few quantitative studies have investigated these factors. This prospective cohort study was based on the social ecological model (SEM) and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) models, and identified the psychosocial predictors of ECS among 1,268 expectant women in 2 hospitals in …

The Association Of Maternal Health Literacy Levels And Preterm Birth, Aimee Moynihan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

According to the CDC, each year approximately 0.06 % of the world's population dies in infancy. The March of Dimes indicated that the leading causes of infant mortality include birth defects, preterm birth, low birth weight, sudden infant death syndrome, maternal complications of pregnancy, and respiratory distress syndrome, most of which are considered preventable with access to adequate prenatal care by mothers. The goal of this study was to examine the association between maternal health literacy levels and preterm birth. This research was based on the theoretical framework of the Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior. The hypothesis for this …

Financing Early Childhood Education: An Investment Into The Future, Shelina Bhamani

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

No abstract provided.

Fmic Annual Report 2015 | English, French Medical Institute For Mothers And Children

French Medical Institute for Mothers and Children (FMIC) Archives

No abstract provided.

Sexual Onset And Contraceptive Use Among Adolescents From Poor Neighbourhoods In Managua, Nicaragua, Peter Decat, Sara De Meyer, Lina Jaruseviciene, Miguel Orozco, Marcia Ibarra, Zoyla Segura, Bernardo Vega, Kristien Michielsen, Marleen Temmerman, Olivier Degomme

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background and objectives: The prevalence of teenage pregnancies in Nicaragua is the highest in Latin-America. This study aimed to gain insight into factors which determine the sexual behaviours concerned.

Methods: From July until August 2011, a door-to-door survey was conducted among adolescents living in randomly selected poor neighbourhoods of Managua. Logistic regression was used to analyse factors related to sexual onset and contraceptive use.

Results: Data from 2803 adolescents were analysed. Of the 475 and 299 sexually active boys and girls, 43% and 54%, respectively, reported contraceptive use. Sexual onset was positively related to increasing age, male sex, alcohol consumption …

Intravenous Tranexamic Acid As An Adjunct Haemostat To Ornipressin During Open Myomectomy. A Randomized Double Blind Placebo Controlled Trial, Sammy Ngichabe, Timona Obura, William Stones

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Myomectomy is a surgical technique used for removal of uterine fibroids and historically hysterectomy has represented the mainstay of treatment. The options of conservative surgical approaches mainly aim at retention of fertility but have to be balanced against potential risks such as haemorrhage; blood loss at myomectomy still remains troublesome with use of various pharmacologic agents yielding inconclusive results. This trial aimed to explore the benefit of combining ornipressin and tranexamic acid during open myomectomy.

Study design: A randomized double blind placebo controlled trial.

Methods: Women who satisfied eligibility criteria were enrolled into the study and randomized into one …

A Review Of Factors Associated With The Utilization Of Healthcare Services And Strategies For Improving Postpartum Care In Africa, Danielle Yugbare Belemsaga, Anne Goujon, Joel A. Kiendrebeogo, Els Duysburgh, Seni Kouanda, Olivier Degomme, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Reducing maternal mortality continues to be a major challenge for African countries. We conducted a literature review to identify the factors associated with the utilization of maternal and child healthcare services during the postpartum period and the strategies for strengthening postpartum healthcare in Africa. We carried out an electronic search in several databases of texts published between 1995 and 2012 related to maternal and child health. Seventy-five publications fitted the eligibility criteria. Our analysis shows that to a large extent the socio-economic context was dominant among the factors associated with the quality and utilization of postpartum services. The best interventions …

Underuse Of Modern Methods Of Contraception: Underlying Causes And Consequent Undesired Pregnancies In 35 Low- And Middle-Income Countries, Saverio Bellizzi, Howard L. Sobel, Hiromi Obara, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Study question: What is the contribution of the underuse of modern methods (MM) of contraception to the annual undesired pregnancies in 35 low- and middle-income countries?

Summary answer: Fifteen million out of 16.7 million undesired pregnancies occurring annually in 35 countries could have been prevented with the optimal use of MM of contraception.

What is known already: Every year, 87 million women worldwide become pregnant unintentionally because of the underuse of MM of contraception.

Study design, size, duration: Demographic and health surveys (DHS) of 35 countries, conducted between 2005 and 2012, were analysed.

Participants/materials, setting, methods: Contraceptive use of 12 …

Sexual And Reproductive Health Knowledge, Contraception Uptake, And Factors Associated With Unmet Need For Modern Contraception Among Adolescent Female Sex Workers In China, Megan S. C. Lim, Xu-Dong Zhang, Elissa Kennedy, Yan Li, Yin Yang, Lin Li, Yun-Xia Li, Marleen Temmerman, Stanley Luchters

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: In China, policy and social taboo prevent unmarried adolescents from accessing sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Research is needed to determine the SRH needs of highly disadvantaged groups, such as adolescent female sex workers (FSWs). This study describes SRH knowledge, contraception use, pregnancy, and factors associated with unmet need for modern contraception among adolescent FSWs in Kunming, China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study using a one-stage cluster sampling method was employed to recruit adolescents aged 15 to 20 years, and who self-reported having received money or gifts in exchange for sex in the past 6 months. A semi-structured questionnaire …

Detection Of The Dietary Xenoglycan N-Glycolylneuraminic Acid (Neu5gc) And Anti-Neu5gc Antibodies Within Reproductive Tracts Of Male And Female Infertility Subjects, Julie M. Sroga, Diana H. Wu, Fang Ma, Eilllen Tecle, Ilana B. Ressler, Rose Maxwell, Rachael Ferrari, Leah Whigham, Pascal Gagneux, Steven Lindheim

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

Objective

To assess the frequency of dietary xenoglycanNeu5Gc and antibodies in males and females and its impact on fertility.

Design

Prospective study of semen, uterine lavage, and follicular fluid from subjects undergoing infertility evaluation or in vitro fertilization (IVF) and fertile controls.

Setting

University based infertility program.

Participants

Males (n=23) and females (n=27) undergoing semen analysis and saline infusion sonography as part of their diagnostic evaluation and 37 women undergoing IVF were compared to fertile male (n=15) and female (n=14) controls.

Intervention

Neu5Gc was measured by affinity purified antibody staining on Western blots, flow cytometry, and by high performance liquid …

Short-Term Effects On The Fetus And Long-Term Outcome On Children Exposed To Maternal Chemotherapy, Yocheved Kramer

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Ethical questions with regard to treatment arise when pregnant women are diagnosed with cancer. Does the health of the mother or the health of the fetus take priority? However, research suggests that concern over transplacental transfer should not deter those seeking treatments since avoidance of favorable transfer drugs can allow chemotherapy to be a viable option if properly administered. Doctors highly contraindicate the use of chemotherapeutic drugs in the first trimester due to high risks such as teratogenesis and fetal death. However, they reassure that treatment can be given in the final two trimesters. It presents minimal consequences as long …

Preventative Strategies To Improve Birth Outcomes Among African American Women In Rhode Island, Yvonne Michele Heredia

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Despite increased access to prenatal care, birth outcomes continue to be a major source of disparity among women in the United States. The focus on lifestyle choices and negative behaviors prior to a pregnancy to reduce adverse birth outcomes has become a well-documented strategy. The purpose of this study was to determine if preparing for a pregnancy in advance improves birth outcomes for African American women of childbearing age between the ages of 12 and 45 years in the State of Rhode Island (RI). The theoretical foundation for this study was based on Prochaska's model of change, which is also …

Twenty Years After International Conference On Population And Development: Where Are We With Adolescent Sexual And Reproductive Health And Rights?, Venkatraman Chandra-Mouli, Joar Svanemyr, Avni Amin, Helga Fogstad, Lale Say, Françoise Girard, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

The International Conference on Population and Development in Cairo in 1994 laid out a bold, clear, and comprehensive definition of reproductive health and called for nations to meet the educational and service needs of adolescents to enable them to deal in a positive and responsible way with their sexuality. In the context of the ongoing review of the International Conference on Population and Development Programme of Action and the considerations for a post-2015 development agenda, this article summarizes the findings of the articles presented in this volume and identifies key challenges and critical answers that need to be tackled in …

Challenges And Opportunities For Implementing Evidence-Based Antenatal Care In Mozambique: A Qualitative Study, Adriano Biza, Ingeborg Jille-Traas, Mercedes Colomar, Maria Belizan, Jennifer Requejo Harris, Beatrice Crahay, Mario Merialdi, My Huong Nguyen, Fernando Althabe, Alicia Aleman, Eduardo Berge, Alicia Carbonell, Leonardo Chavane, Therese Delvaux, Diederike Geelhoed, Metin Gülmezoglu, Celsa Regina Malapende, Armando Melo, Nafissa Bique Osman, Mariana Widmer, Marleen Temmerman, Ana Pilar Betrán

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Maternal mortality remains a daunting problem in Mozambique and many other low-resource countries. High quality antenatal care (ANC) services can improve maternal and newborn health outcomes and increase the likelihood that women will seek skilled delivery care. This study explores the factors influencing provider uptake of the recommended package of ANC interventions in Mozambique.

Methods: This study used qualitative research methods including key informant interviews with stakeholders from the health sector and a total of five focus group discussions with women with experience with ANC or women from the community. Study participants were selected from three health centers located …