Family Medicine Commons^™

Assessing The Effect Of Patient To Provider Language Discordance On Depression Screening Utilizing The Patient Health Questionnaire: An Epidemiology Study., Luis A. Murillo, Georgi Alex Grekoff, John C. Sheffield

Reading Hospital Family Medicine Residency

Background: As depression screening becomes a standard in primary care, the question remains of how effective and equitable screening can be implemented to avoid cultural and language-related disparities.

Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, rates of depression screening were compared for 3626 adult patients at a family medicine residency-based health centre in Pennsylvania, USA. The PHQ-2/PHQ-9 modality was verbally administered by nursing staff at the time of patient intake as part of a universal screening initiative. Chi-square analysis was used to determine the univariate associations of performed depression screening with variables of language, ethnicity, gender and number of office visits. …

Enhancing Cognitive Engagement Of Pre-Clinical Undergraduate Medical Students Via Video Cases And Interactive Quizzes In Problem-Based Learning, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Kulsoom Ghias, Kauser Jabeen, Saniya Sabzwari

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: Problem-based learning (PBL) is one of the main pedagogical approaches utilized in the undergraduate medical education (UGME) program at a private medical college in Karachi, Pakistan. Video-enhanced cases and formative assessments were introduced at the end of PBL sessions to evaluate their effectiveness in enhancing student engagement.
Methods: A mixed methods study was conducted with Year 2 medical students (n=102; divided into 11 groups) and faculty (n=11) facilitating the PBL process. Of the 10 PBL cases, five were converted to video-enhanced cases and five were kept as paper-based, “traditional” cases. “Micro” videos were used to introduce clinical scenarios, augmented …

Pathophysiology Of Osteoarthritis, Lara Stover

Nursing Student Class Projects (Formerly MSN)

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint diseases worldwide, and especially in the United States. This disease can cause chronic pain and disability, and can impair a patient’s quality of life and ability to perform activities of daily living. There are many different factors that can contribute to the development, progression, and severity of OA. Chronic inflammation and the inflammatory response is the primary pathological process that contributes to the development of OA. With the number of cases of OA expected to increase in the United States, it is important that primary care providers have an understanding of …

Prevalence And Correlates Of Comorbid Depression In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Attending Clinic At Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Alamin Suleiman

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes affects 500,000 people in Kenya and is a single cause of morbidity and mortality. It also co-exists with depression, increasing the disease severity and the likelihood of a lower quality of life. Objectives: The primary aim of this study was to examine the depression prevalence as well as factors associated with depression among patients with Type 2 diabetes attending clinic at Aga Khan University Hospital Nairobi (AKUHN). The study also assessed the differences in depression severity with Type 2 diabetes alone and with Type 2 diabetes and other comorbid conditions. Methodology: An analytic cross-sectional methodology was …

Patients Perspective On The Non-Urgent Use Of The Emergency Department In Kenya, Carolyne Robai Matifary

Master of Medicine in Family Medicine

Background: Globally, there is an increasing demand for emergency department (ED) care in many countries accompanied by the dire need to optimize scant resources. Sub Saharan Africa (SSA) is facing a rapid surge in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) compounded by an already prevailing significant problem of communicable diseases and injuries. This has led to increased demand for emergency care expertise owing to acute complications of all these conditions. The impact includes ED overcrowding, increased healthcare costs, extended waiting periods and overstretched essential services. To mitigate this, it is imperative that EDs be utilized appropriately to continue providing quality …

Gay Men And Satisfaction With Health Care Interactions, Michael Huggins

Theses and Dissertations--Nursing

The purpose of this research was to determine relationships among depression, anxiety, self-rated physical and mental health, self-advocacy, internalized homophobia, and quality of patient-provider communication to satisfaction with health care interactions. These were measured while controlling for select demographic variables: age; ethnicity; urban or rural domicile; relationship status; household income; highest educational attainment; health insurance; disclosure to health care provider as a gay man; reason for last healthcare visit; and, general health self-rating. The specific aims of this study were to: 1) identify general characteristics of gay men in this sample; 2) examine how levels of satisfaction with health care …

Quickcough: An Instrumentational Proximal Airway Clearance Technique (Act) For Select Patients With Neuromuscular Disease (Nmd), Sean X. Sullivan, Russell K. Catania, Madison K. Plaster, Sydney E. Kandray, Mariah Costa

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD) requiring tracheostomy and mechanical ventilation secondary to respiratory failure encounter increased difficulty in removing pulmonary secretions from the airways. To combat issues associated with current treatment modalities for insufficient cough efficacy (cost, poor mobility, discomfort, lack of evidence), we have developed an instrumentational proximal airway clearance technique (ACT) which augments a manual proximal ACT developed by a client with NMD. QuickCough is a 3D-printed PLA attachment to the tracheostomy apparatus which has demonstrated its ability to facilitate pressure changes necessary to increase patient’s peak cough flow (PCF) by providing a stronger exsufflation for the patient. …

Career Regret Among Physician Assistants: A Comparative Survey Of Primary And Specialty Care Careers, Talia Sierra, Jennifer Forbes, Michael Nelson

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: This study investigated if career regret varies among physician assistants (PAs) practicing in primary and specialty care fields. This information may assist practicing and aspiring physician assistants when selecting or changing their career path.

Methods: A survey was emailed to 5,000 primary and specialty care physician assistants. Items indicating career regret were compared between primary and specialty care groups.

Results: Eight hundred and thrity-four (16.7%) completed surveys were received back. Career regret is similar between primary and specialty care physician assistants, with low reports from both groups. No statistical significance was found between primary care and specialty care groups …

The Role Of An Advanced Practice Provider (App) And Its Relation To Physician Shortages And Rural Healthcare Survival: A State-By-State Analysis, Allen Anderson

Dissertations, Theses, and Projects

The extent that Advanced Practice Providers (APPs) are able to practice independently with a full scope of practice varies state-by-state. The purpose of this paper was to review how APPs could help in a number of different areas of healthcare. This analysis examines the state of rural healthcare and reviews physician shortage statistics and hospital closures by state. In the examination, it also evaluates which states have full scope, reduced scope, and restricted scope of practice laws and cross-references that with states that have experienced a hospital closure. Through case studies, this research finds that APPs can be an alternative …

Keep The Beat With Heart Failure Education: A Quality Improvement Project, Brenda L. Peterson

Master's Projects and Capstones

Abstract

Problem: Heart failure (HF), also known as congestive heart failure (CHF), is the number one diagnosis-related group (DRG) for people 65 years of age and older in the United States. This disease group is complicated and debilitating, requiring frequent hospitalizations with high mortality rates. The Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations (JCAHO) has identified CHF as an area for improvement in hospitals.

Context: This was a quality improvement project for an integrated medical center in the Central Valley, California with over 19,000 HF patients. In 2018, for patients 65 years and older, HF is the third-most admitted DRG …

Pharmacist Interventions Involving Patient Outreach: Early Findings Of Patient Outcomes In Older Adults, Matthew Fair Bs, Pharmd, Bcps, Bcgp,, Michelle Omari-Okyere Bs, Pharmd, Bcps, Bcgp, Elie Jabbour Pharmd, Mba,, Brenda Frutos Mph, Ches, Nyann Biery Ms

Department of Pharmacy

No abstract provided.

A Learning Community Approach To Identifying Interventions In Health Systems To Reduce Colorectal Cancer Screening Disparities., Lillian C. Man, Melissa Dicarlo, Emily Lambert, Randa Sifri, Martha Romney, Linda Fleisher, Ronald Myers

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Although colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in the United States has been increasing, screening rates are not optimal, and there are persistent disparities in CRC screening and mortality, particularly among minority patients. As most CRC screening takes place in primary care, health systems are well-positioned to address this important population health problem. However, most health systems have not actively engaged in identifying and implementing effective evidence-based intervention strategies that can raise CRC screening rates and reduce disparities. Drawing on the Collective Impact Model and the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation, our project team applied a learning community strategy to …

Eye Examination:Satisfying A Quality Care Measure In Diabetes, Meera Shekar

Dissertations

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a microvascular complication occurs in patients with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (DM). A known risk of increased visual impairment associated with DM occurs in patients when the glycosylated hemoglobin level (HbA1c) increases over 7.0%. Therefore, an annual retinal assessment as a quality care measure in diabetes management is necessary. The conducted study aimed to evaluate the documentation of an annual eye exam in all patients with DM in a private family practice clinic and to investigate any possible association between HbA1c level.

Method: This quality improvement study included a retrospective medical record review in …

Initiating Patient Discussions About Oocyte Cryopreservation: Attitudes Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Resident Physicians, Brennan Peterson, C. Gordon, Julia K. Boehm, M. C. Inhorn, P. Patrizio

Marriage and Family Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

This study examined the attitudes of obstetrics and gynaecology (OB/GYN) resident physicians to initiating patient discussions regarding medical and elective oocyte cryopreservation (OC). The study used a cross-sectional online survey of OB/GYN medical residents in the USA, sampled from residency programmes approved by the American Council for Graduate Medical Education. In total, 208 medical residents, distributed evenly between postgraduate years 1–4, participated in the study. Residents' fertility knowledge and attitudes to initiating discussions about OC were gathered. Forty percent (n = 83) believed that OB/GYN residents should initiate discussions about OC with patients (initiators), while 60% (n = 125) did …

How Younger Adults With Psychosocial Problems Experienced Person-Centered Health Consultations, Line Soot, Kirsten S. Freund, Jørgen Lous, Mikkel Vass, Lotte Hvas

Patient Experience Journal

Much attention is focused on the social determinants of health. Family medicine is challenged with a growing number of vulnerable persons with psychosocial or lifestyle related problems. The objective of this work was to explore how vulnerable younger adults experience person-centered preventive health consultations with their general practitioner. The design and setting for this work were a secondary qualitative analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) in Danish general practices. Younger adults (20-45) were consecutively invited to answer a screening questionnaire about psychosocial and lifestyle-related problems when visiting general practice (28 general practitioners (GPs)) for ordinary consultations. The 30% most …

Nadolol In Pregnancy: A Medical Student’S Reflection On Her Pregnancy, Rebecca King-Mallory, Shawndra Barker, Kaitlin Mcgrogan, Adam M. Franks

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Hypertension is a common concern during pregnancy. Beta-blockers are one potential treatment, but third trimester exposure has correlated with an increased risk of perinatal events. Nadolol, a nonselective beta blocker, has properties that differ from those of its selective counterparts, including longer half-life, decreased protein binding, and renal excretion in the unchanged form. There is very limited data on the use of nadolol during pregnancy, and its safety has not been completely evaluated. This case study documents the perinatal outcomes of nadolol use throughout a medical student’s pregnancy and explores the experience in obtaining and undergoing medical care.

Conference Proceedings: Aurora Scientific Day 2018

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

This journal supplement includes selected abstracts from among the more than 50 presented at the 44th annual Aurora Scientific Day research symposium. Held May 25, 2018, in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Aurora Scientific Day provides a forum for original research conducted by faculty, fellows, residents, and other allied health professionals affiliated with Aurora Health Care, an integrated health system with hospitals and clinics in Wisconsin and Illinois.

Psychology, Medical Family Therapy, Social Work, Psychiatric Nursing, Counseling, And Others: Effective Collaborators, Or Sibling Disciplines At-War?, Tai Mendenhall, Angela Lamson, Jodi Polaha

ETSU Faculty Works

At the conclusion of this session, the participant will be able to: Articulate ways that we all – across a myriad of guildmemberships, license-types, and field/practice orientations – can do better work when we work together

Determinants Of Uncontrolled Hypertension In Rural Communities In South Asia-Bangladesh, Pakistan, And Sri Lanka, Tazeen Jafar, Mihir Gandhi, Imtiaz Jehan, Aliya Naheed, H Asita De Silva, Hunaina Shahab, Dewan Alam, Nathasha Luke, Ching Wee Lim Wee Lim, Cobra-Bps Study Group

Community Health Sciences

Background: Uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) is a leading risk factor for death and disability in South Asia. We aimed to determine the cross-country variation, and the factors associated with uncontrolled BP among adults treated for hypertension in rural South Asia.
Methods: We enrolled 1718 individuals aged ≥40 years treated for hypertension in a cross-sectional study from rural communities in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the factors associated with uncontrolledBP (systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg).
Results: Among hypertensive individuals, 58.0% (95% confidence interval 55.7, 60.4) had uncontrolled BP: 52.8% …

Designing A Wrist-Worn Sensor To Improve Medication Adherence: Accommodating Diverse User Behaviors And Technology Preferences., Jenna L Marquard, Barry Saver, Swaminathan Kandaswamy, Vanessa I Martinez, Jane M Simoni, Joanne D Stekler, Deepak Ganesan, James Scanlan

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Objectives: High medication adherence is important for HIV suppression (antiretroviral therapy) and pre-exposure prophylaxis efficacy. We are developing sensor-based technologies to detect pill-taking gestures, trigger reminders, and generate adherence reports.

Materials and Methods: We collected interview, observation, and questionnaire data from individuals with and at-risk for HIV (

Results: While participants displayed diverse medication taking practices and physical actions, most (67%) wanted to use the system to receive real-time and summative feedback, and most (69%) wanted to share data with their physicians. Participants preferred reminders via the wrist-worn device or mobile app, and summative feedback via mobile app or email. …