Behavioral Medicine Commons^™

Gaps In Behavioral Health Care In Rural Primary Care Clinics And The Promise Of Vbhi: Perspectives From Clinic Staff, Monique Gill

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Parental Instincts: The Neurological And Biological Factors Associated With Parenthood, Jared Reeder

Undergraduate Honors Theses

The following project involves a systematic review of the scientific literature on neural and biological changes of mothers and fathers in parenthood. Until very recently, little scientific research was devoted to studying how bearing children affects a man or woman’s long-term biology. Over the last twenty years, studies of neuroplastic changes in new mothers show specific neural mechanisms responsible for altering the behaviors of mothers during and after pregnancy. These changes in neuroplasticity alter behavior in such a way that led to mothers requiring less sleep and being more prone to hearing the cries of their children. In addition to …

The Effect Of Neighborhood Safety On Childhood Mental And Behavioral Health Problems, Courtney Kiggins, Alayna Pavol

Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers

The correlation between socioeconomic status (SES) and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) with mental and behavioral health problems is well documented, however the connection between neighborhood safety and mental and behavioral health problems is not well understood. This study analyzes the impact of neighborhood safety on childhood mental and behavioral health outcomes. Data collected by the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) was used for this study and statistically analyzed using IBM SPSS software. A strong connection was found between poverty level and childhood mental and behavioral health outcomes, where those who were more impoverished had higher percentages of children experiencing …

Addressing Breast Health Disparities Among Recent, Established African-Born Immigrant Women And Second-Generation Americans In Prince George County, Maryland, Omolola Okunromade

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Background: Breast health disparities and underutilization of screening methods are major concerns in the United States (US), particularly affecting Black women who experience lower survival rates and advanced diagnoses. Despite the rapid growth of the African-born immigrant population, breast health among this group in the US is notably under-examined. This study aims to investigate the breast health knowledge and practices of first-generation African-born immigrants and second-generation immigrant women of African descent, aiming to understand the distinctive attributes of this group and the impact of acculturation on this public health issue.

Methods: Interviews were conducted among First Generation African immigrants and …

Alternative Pharmacology: Exploring Ketamine Use For Treatment Resistant Mental Health Disorders, Kiersten L. Ash

Soaring: A Journal of Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.

Integrating Feminist Approaches In Counseling Work With Adult Women, Kristen M. Toole

Adultspan Journal

The scope of ‘women’s issues’ in counseling is an ever-evolving landscape. Recent events such as the reversal of Roe v. Wade and the disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on women serve as powerful reminders of the necessity of this focus while underscoring a deep-rooted history of oppressive patriarchal structures. Therefore, counselors must remain informed of the unique considerations surrounding adult women in counseling and acquire proficiency in versatile techniques to meet this population’s nuanced needs. This article examines the complexity of contemporary womanhood and explores the fundamentals of Feminist Counseling Theory (FCT), a holistic, multiculturally conscious, social justice theory in counseling. …

Management Of Opioid Use Disorder In Primary Care, Carolyn Jeffries

Capstone Showcase

The prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) in the United States, and worldwide, has drastically increased in the span of 2-3 years. OUD is considered chronic condition and as such requires routine care over a lifetime. This makes OUD patients excellent candidates to be managed by primary care providers (PCPs). This article discusses the various barriers to treatment of OUD in a primary care setting as well methods and models that aim to mitigate these barriers. We will also review how to take a detailed assessment of an OUD patient, mainstays of medication assisted treatment (MAT), and management of side …

Lifestyle Tools For Men’S Health And Disease Prevention: Well-Being Through Nutrition, Physical Activity, Stress Management, And Connection, Leigh A. Frame

Clinical Research and Leadership Faculty Publications

Mental health is an often-overlooked aspect of overall health and wellness (well-being). Mental illness is increasingly common with 1 in 5 American adults experiencing it annually, and 1 in 20 suffering from a serious mental illness each year [1]. Treatment rates for mental illness are lower in men (37.4%) compared to women (51.2%) [1]. Globally, treatment rates are similar with an estimated cost to the global economy of $1 trillion annually, yet less than 2% of government health expenditure is for mental health worldwide [2]. Despite this, only nine studies have been published specifically targeting men’s mental health through lifestyle …

Gender Dysphoria In Adolescents With Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome., Jordan T. Jones, William R. Black, Christine Moser, Eric T. Rush, Lindsey Malloy-Walton

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVES: Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome represents a family of heritable connective tissue disorders that include joint hypermobility, tissue fragility, and skin hyperextensibility. Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome presents with clinical sequela across multiple body systems that require multidisciplinary care. Little is known about adolescents with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome who are transgender and gender diverse. To date, there have been no reports of transgender and gender diverse youth in pediatric patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. The objective of this study was to characterize transgender and gender diverse adolescents with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome seen in a pediatric multidisciplinary specialty clinic.

METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed and it was …

Prevalence And Effect Of Cannabis Use In Acute Pancreatitis Of Unknown Etiology, Hanna Tran

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

A clinical decision report using:

Simons-Linares CR, Barkin JA, Wang Y, et al. Is There an Effect of Cannabis Consumption on Acute Pancreatitis?. Dig Dis Sci. 2018;63(10):2786-2791. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10620-018-5169-2

for a patient with cannabis-associated acute pancreatitis.

Effects Of Expiratory Muscle Strength Training On Oropharyngeal Swallow Physiology In Persons With Obstructive Sleep Apnea (Osa): A Pilot Study, Ankita Murlidhar Bhutada

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by frequent narrowing of the upper airway during sleep. The estimated prevalence of swallowing impairments (dysphagia) in OSA patients ranges up to 80% and comprises approximately 50% of the caseload of practicing speech-language pathologists in the United States. Despite the high prevalence of dysphagia, there is a paucity of evidence supporting behavioral intervention(s) for ameliorating swallowing impairments in OSA. This pilot study assessed oropharyngeal swallowing physiology in persons with OSA and the feasibility and acceptability of a behavioral dysphagia intervention that specifically targets upper airway musculature – Expiratory Muscle Strength Training (EMST). A total …

Utilization Of A Multimodal De-Escalation Class To Improve Staff Confidence When Caring For Behaviorally Escalating Patients, Tara B. Neuner

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Capstones

Workplace violence is a common challenge seen in the healthcare settings across the world. This problem is steadily increasing in all types of hospitals, including a level one trauma center located in an urban area. There has been a steady rise in the number of assaults and workplace violence reported from bedside staff at this hospital. The leadership of the organization formed a work group to help combat the workplace violence and staff assaults that were occurring. In this process, a behavior response team was created to help nursing staff with escalating behavior in patients, and to help de-escalate the …

Impact Of Moral Injury On Work Performance In Nurses Following The Covid-19 Surges, Annette Callis, Trisha Saul, Ross Bindler

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background

Moral Injury (MI) was defined by Jonathan Shay in 1994 as committing acts that betray one’s moral compass in high-stakes situations, while under the authority of another, that severely affect one’s well-being. MI was measured solely in the military prior to the COVID pandemic.

Aims

1.Explore the relationship between moral injury (MI) and perceived work performance in hospital nurses following the pandemic surges. 2. Determine relationships between MI and select participant demographics and between work performance and select demographics.

Sample

A convenience sample of 191 nurses from seven Southern California Hospitals participated in the study from March to June …

Evidence Review Peer Support And Peer Delivered Service, Roxanne Marsillo, Lizzie Fussell

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Rare Genetic Variants Explain Missing Heritability In Smoking, Seon-Kyeong Jang, Luke Evans, Allison Fialkowski, Donna K Arnett, Allison E Ashley-Koch, Kathleen C Barnes, Diane M Becker, Joshua C Bis, John Blangero, Eugene R Bleecker, Meher Preethi Boorgula, Donald W Bowden, Jennifer A Brody, Brian E Cade, Brenda W Campbell Jenkins, April P Carson, Sameer Chavan, L Adrienne Cupples, Brian Custer, Scott M Damrauer, Sean P David, Mariza De Andrade, Carla L Dinardo, Tasha E Fingerlin, Myriam Fornage, Barry I Freedman, Melanie E Garrett, Sina A Gharib, David C Glahn, Jeffrey Haessler, Susan R Heckbert, John E Hokanson, Lifang Hou, Shih-Jen Hwang, Matthew C Hyman, Renae Judy, Anne E Justice, Robert C Kaplan, Sharon L R Kardia, Shannon Kelly, Wonji Kim, Charles Kooperberg, Daniel Levy, Donald M Lloyd-Jones, Ruth J F Loos, Ani W Manichaikul, Mark T Gladwin, Lisa Warsinger Martin, Mehdi Nouraie, Olle Melander, Deborah A Meyers, Courtney G Montgomery, Kari E North, Elizabeth C Oelsner, Nicholette D Palmer, Marinelle Payton, Anna L Peljto, Patricia A Peyser, Michael Preuss, Bruce M Psaty, Dandi Qiao, Daniel J Rader, Nicholas Rafaels, Susan Redline, Robert M Reed, Alexander P Reiner, Stephen S Rich, Jerome I Rotter, David A Schwartz, Aladdin H Shadyab, Edwin K Silverman, Nicholas L Smith, J Gustav Smith, Albert V Smith, Jennifer A Smith, Weihong Tang, Kent D Taylor, Marilyn J Telen, Ramachandran S Vasan, Victor R Gordeuk, Zhe Wang, Kerri L Wiggins, Lisa R Yanek, Ivana V Yang, Kendra A Young, Kristin L Young, Yingze Zhang, Dajiang J Liu, Matthew C Keller, Scott Vrieze

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Common genetic variants explain less variation in complex phenotypes than inferred from family-based studies, and there is a debate on the source of this 'missing heritability'. We investigated the contribution of rare genetic variants to tobacco use with whole-genome sequences from up to 26,257 unrelated individuals of European ancestries and 11,743 individuals of African ancestries. Across four smoking traits, single-nucleotide-polymorphism-based heritability ([Formula: see text]) was estimated from 0.13 to 0.28 (s.e., 0.10-0.13) in European ancestries, with 35-74% of it attributable to rare variants with minor allele frequencies between 0.01% and 1%. These heritability estimates are 1.5-4 times higher than past …

Quality Outcomes Of Alternative Therapies For Treating Depression, Makenna Tsao

St. Joseph Hospital, Orange, CA. Evidence Based Practice Conference

No abstract provided.

Use Of Agitation Scale Decision Scoring Grid To Improve Care Of Agitated/Anxious Patients In Dsu, Angelica Taneca, Carmyle Seville

St. Joseph Hospital, Orange, CA. Evidence Based Practice Conference

No abstract provided.

Music Reduces Procedural Anxiety, Marijoyce Dimatulac

St. Joseph Hospital, Orange, CA. Evidence Based Practice Conference

No abstract provided.

Eating Disorders In Men: A Comprehensive Summary, Connor James Spratt, Liam Alexander Mackenzie Myles, Emanuele Maria Merlo

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Eating disorders (EDs) have detrimental effects on an individual’s physical and mental health, along with significant interpersonal, social and economic effects. Furthermore, men who are suffering with an ED face unique challenges with this. Men suffering with EDs have historically received little attention within ED research, diagnosis and intervention. However, the number of men suffering with these issues is significant and growing. Understanding of EDs tend to ignore male experiences, meaning many are left to suffer in silence until the ED has developed to a critical point. However, many now recognize the need to understand the issues facing men suffering …

Associations Between Cannabis, Psychosis, And Schizophrenia In Adolescents, Lauren Moment

Academic Leadership Journal in Student Research

The effects of cannabis use on the brain, mind, and body have been studied for decades. The developing brain, particularly the adolescent and young adult brain, undergoes critical development that makes it especially susceptible to the effects of cannabis use. Among the adverse effects of cannabis use in adolescence and young adulthood, psychosis and psychotic disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) have been examined. The association of cannabis use with schizophrenia was first elucidated in a Swedish study of army conscripts. Specifically, conscripts reported their cannabis use exposure and were followed longitudinally to assess the emergence of schizophrenia. The authors found that those …