Radiation Medicine Commons^™

Quality Assurance Guidelines For Interstitial Hyperthermia., H. Dobšíček Trefná, M. Schmidt, G. C. Van Rhoon, H. P. Kok, S. S. Gordeyev, U. Lamprecht, D. Marder, J. Nadobny, P. Ghadjar, S Abdel-Rahman, A. M. Kukiełka, V. Strnad, M. D. Hurwitz, Z. Vujaskovic, C. J. Diederich, P. R. Stauffer, J. Crezee

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Quality assurance (QA) guidelines are essential to provide uniform execution of clinical hyperthermia treatments and trials. This document outlines the clinical and technical consequences of the specific properties of interstitial heat delivery and specifies recommendations for hyperthermia administration with interstitial techniques. Interstitial hyperthermia aims at tumor temperatures in the 40-44 °C range as an adjunct to radiation or chemotherapy. The clinical part of this document imparts specific clinical experience of interstitial heat delivery to various tumor sites as well as recommended interstitial hyperthermia workflow and procedures. The second part describes technical requirements for quality assurance of current interstitial heating equipment …

The Oncology Care Model: Oncology's First Foray Away From Volume And Toward Value-Based Care., Andrew Song, Valerie P. Csik, Amy Leader, Vittorio Maio

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Radiation Dose Estimation By Completely Automated Interpretation Of The Dicentric Chromosome Assay, Peter Rogan, Yanxin Li, Ben Shirley, Ruth Wilkins, Farrah Norton, Joan Knoll

Biochemistry Publications

Accuracy of the automated dicentric chromosome (DC) assay relies on metaphase image selection. This study validates a software framework to find the best image selection models that mitigate inter-sample variability. Evaluation methods to determine model quality include the Poisson goodness-of-fit of DC distributions for each sample, residuals after calibration curve fitting and leave-one-out dose estimation errors. The process iteratively searches a pool of selection model candidates by modifying statistical and filter cut-offs to rank the best candidates according to their respective evaluation scores. Evaluation scores minimize the sum of squared errors relative to the actual radiation dose of the calibration …

Combined Kyphoplasty And Intraoperative Radiotherapy (Kypho-Iort) Versus External Beam Radiotherapy (Ebrt) For Painful Vertebral Metastases - A Randomized Phase Iii Study, F. Bludau, G. Welzel, T. Reis, Y. Abo-Madyan, E. Sperk, F. Schneider, S. Clausen, A. M. Ruder, M. M. Ghaly, F. A. Giordano, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Background: The spine is the most frequent location of bone metastases. Local treatment aims at palliation of pain and, given the increased likelihood of long-term cancer survival, at local control. Kyphoplasty and intraoperative radiotherapy (Kypho-IORT) provided instantaneous pain relief in 70% of patients at the first day after the intervention and resulted in local control rates of > 93% at 1 year in a recently conducted phase I/II trial. To assess its clinical value, we designed a phase III trial which tests Kypho-IORT against the most widespread standard-of-care, external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), in patients with painful vertebral …

Quality Of Life Outcomes Following Organ-Sparing Sbrt In Previously Irradiated Recurrent Head And Neck Cancer, E. Gogineni, I. Zhang, Z. Rana, M. Marrero, G. Gill, A. Sharma, A. C. Riegel, S. Teckie, M. Ghaly

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Merging Orthovoltage X-Ray Minibeams Spare The Proximal Tissues While Producing A Solid Beam At The Target, F. A. Dilmanian, S. Krishnan, W. E. Mclaughlin, B. Lukaniec, J. T. Baker, S. Ailawadi, K. N. Hirsch, R. F. Cattell, R. Roy, J. G. Eley, +14 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019, The Author(s). Conventional radiation therapy of brain tumors often produces cognitive deficits, particularly in children. We investigated the potential efficacy of merging Orthovoltage X-ray Minibeams (OXM). It segments the beam into an array of parallel, thin (~0.3 mm), planar beams, called minibeams, which are known from synchrotron x-ray experiments to spare tissues. Furthermore, the slight divergence of the OXM array make the individual minibeams gradually broaden, thus merging with their neighbors at a given tissue depth to produce a solid beam. In this way the proximal tissues, including the cerebral cortex, can be spared. Here we present experimental …

Evidence For The Role Of Mindfulness In Cancer: Benefits And Techniques., R. Mehta, K. Sharma, L. Potters, A. G. Wernicke, B. Parashar

Journal Articles

Mindfulness is being used increasingly in various aspects of cancer management. Benefits of mindfulness practices are being observed to manage the adverse effects of treatment, symptoms from cancer progression, and the cost-effectiveness compared to conventional contemporary management strategies. In this review article, we present clinical trial data showing the benefits of mindfulness in various aspects of cancer management as well as techniques that have been commonly used in this practice.

Local Radiation Therapy For Palliation In Patients With Multiple Myeloma Of The Spine, D. Mark, P. Gilbo, R. Meshrekey, M. Ghaly

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

A Model-Based Method For Assessment Of Salivary Gland And Planning Target Volume Dosimetry In Volumetric-Modulated Arc Therapy Planning On Head-And-Neck Cancer., H. Zhang, Y. Cao, J. Antone, A. C. Riegel, M. Ghaly, L. Potters, A. Jamshidi

Journal Articles

This study examined the relationship of achievable mean dose and percent volumetric overlap of salivary gland with the planning target volume (PTV) in volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plan in radiotherapy for a patient with head-and-neck cancer. The aim was to develop a model to predict the viability of planning objectives for both PTV coverage and organs-at-risk (OAR) sparing based on overlap volumes between PTVs and OARs, before the planning process. Forty patients with head-and-neck cancer were selected for this retrospective plan analysis. The patients were treated using 6 MV photons with 2-arc VMAT plan in prescriptions with simultaneous integrated boost …

Dna Damage And Cytokine Production In Non-Target Irradiated Lymphocytes, Jane Bryant, Laura Shields, Christopher Hynes, Orla L. Howe, Brendan Mcclean, Fiona Lyng

Articles

In advanced radiotherapy, treatment of the tumor with high-intensity modulated fields is balanced with normal tissue sparing. However, the non-target dose delivered to surrounding healthy tissue within the irradiated volume is a potential cause for concern. Whether the effects observed are caused after exposure to out-of-field radiation or bystander effects through neighboring irradiated cells is not fully understood. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of exposure to out-of-field radiation in lymphocyte cell lines and primary blood cells. The role of cellular radiosensitivity in altering bystander responses in out-of-field exposed cells was also investigated. Target cells were …

An Ensemble Of Flexible Conformations Underlies Mechanotransduction By The Cadherin–Catenin Adhesion Complex, Martin Bush, Bashir M. Alhanshali, Shuo Qian, Christopher B. Stanley, William T. Heller, Tsutomu Matsui, Thomas M. Weiss, Iain D. Nicholl, Thomas Walz, David J. E. Callaway, Zimei Bu

Publications and Research

The cadherin–catenin adhesion complex is the central component of the cell–cell adhesion adherens junctions that transmit mechanical stress from cell to cell. We have determined the nanoscale structure of the adherens junction complex formed by the α-catenin•β-catenin•epithelial cadherin cytoplasmic domain (ABE) using negative stain electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray scattering, and selective deuteration/small-angle neutron scattering. The ABE complex is highly pliable and displays a wide spectrum of flexible structures that are facilitated by protein-domain motions in α- and β-catenin. Moreover, the 107-residue intrinsically disordered N-terminal segment of β-catenin forms a flexible “tongue” that is inserted into α-catenin and participates in the …

Recent Advances In The Vibrational Spectroscopic Diagnosis Of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Declan O'Dea, Fiona Lyng, Siobhan Nicholson, Finbar O'Connell, Aoife Maguire, Alison Malkin

Articles

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide accounting for 1.69 million deaths in 2015. Studies have indicated a 5 year survival rate of 8%–15% in western countries, although a survival rate as low as 1% has been demonstrated for late stage diagnosis. With the advent of targeted therapies, it is imperative to accurately differentiate non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) subtypes in order to ensure efficacy of treatment for patients. Immunohistochemistry and molecular techniques for the diagnosis of NSCLC are increasingly part of the diagnostic algorithm and clinical work-up of lung cancer patients, however due to the limitation …

Effect Of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiation On Preoperative Pulmonary Physiology, Postoperative Respiratory Complications And Quality Of Life In Patients With Oesophageal Cancer, J. A. Elliott, L. O'Byrne, G. Foley, C. F. Murphy, Suzanne Doyle, S. King, E. M. Guinan, N. Ravi, V. Reynolds

Articles

Background: It remains controversial whether neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) for oesophageal cancer influences operative morbidity, in particular pulmonary, and quality of life. This study combined clinical outcome data with systematic evaluation of pulmonary physiology to determine the impact of nCRT on pulmonary physiology and clinical outcomes in locally advanced oesophageal cancer.

Methods: Consecutive patients treated between 2010 and 2016 were included. Three-dimensional conformal radiation was standard, with a lung dose–volume histogram of V20 less than 25 per cent, and total radiation between 40 and 41⋅4Gy. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusion capacity …

A Custom Radiopaque Thermoresponsive Chemotherapy-Loaded Hydrogel For Intratumoural Injection: An In Vitro And Ex Vivo Assessment Of Imaging Characteristics And Material Properties, Seóna M. Rossi, Timothy E. Murray, John Cassidy, Michael J. Lee, Helena M. Kelly

Articles

Purpose Thermoresponsive hydrogels are gels which have different properties at varying temperatures. The objective of this study was to assess the material characteristics, imaging properties and chemotherapeutic drug release profile of a novel radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel in vitro, which is liquid at room temperature but solidifies at body temperature, to determine potential suitability for intratumoural delivery. Materials and Methods An iodinated radiopaque thermoresponsive hydrogel was formulated using iodixanol at a range of concentrations and assessed for sol–gel transition, radiopacity and imaging using CT and US. A lead formulation containing iodixanol at a concentration of 9.22% weight by weight (w/w, g …

Dosimetric Performance And Planning/Delivery Efficiency Of A Dual-Layer Stacked And Staggered Mlc On Treating Multiple Small Targets: A Planning Study Based On Single-Isocenter Multi-Target Stereotactic Radiosurgery (Srs) To Brain Metastases., Taoran Li, Peyton Irmen, Haisong Lui, Wenyin Shi, Michelle Alonso-Basanta, Wei Zou, Boon-Keng Kevin Teo, James M. Metz, Lei Dong

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose: To evaluate the dosimetric performance and planning/delivery efficiency of a dual-layer MLC system for treating multiple brain metastases with a single isocenter.

Materials and Methods: 10 patients each with 6-10 targets with volumes from 0.11 to 8.57 cc, and prescription doses from 15 to 24 Gy, were retrospectively studied. Halcyon has only coplanar delivery mode. Halcyon V1 MLC modulates only with the lower layer at 1 cm resolution, whereas V2 MLC modulates with both layers at an effective resolution of 0.5 cm. For each patient five plans were compared varying MLC and beam arrangements: the clinical plan using multi-aperture …

Measurement Of The Whole Body, Eye Lens And Extremity Occupational Exposures In Nuclear Medicine Staff At King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Siriwan Sisai

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Due to the epidemiology evidence of cataract and eye lens opacity, ICRP Publication 118 in 2012, recommended the new eye lens dose limit of occupational exposure at 20 mSv/year, averaged over 5-year periods, no single year exceeding 50 mSv. For the public eye lens dose limit is 15 mSv/year. After ICRP changed the eye lens dose limit, many reports on eye lens dose measurement using thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) from interventional radiologists and interventional cardiologists were published. Few reports on eye lens dose measurement in nuclear medicine (NM) personnel were found. The primary objective of this study is to measure whole …

A Feasibility Study Of Diffusion Weighted Imaging And Parametric Response Map Analysis For Treatment Response Prediction In Nasopharyngeal Cancer, Titiya Jirawatwanith

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is an MRI technique which provides functional information of tissue by detecting microscopic motion of water molecules. The change of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from DWI was used as an imaging biomarker for treatment response prediction in cancers. However, it was based on whole-tumor analysis which did not reflect heterogeneity within the tumor. To overcome this limitation, a new method called parametric response map (PRM) analysis was proposed to evaluate response by quantifying voxel-wise changes in ADC. Here we investigated the use of PRM analysis on ADC from DWI as an imaging biomarker for treatment response …

Dosimetric Comparison Between Single And Double Isocenters Volumetric Arc Therapy For Stereotactic Radiotherapy With Multiple Targets, Wai Lwin Lwin Kyaw

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dosimetric effects between single isocenter (SI) and double isocenters (DI) VMAT SRT of multiple brain metastases. There are two parts of study, which were experimental for energy selection, technique comparison and clinical part to use appropriate technique. As the first part, three lesions with 3 cm distance apart and 1 cm size for all lesions were created as standard plan by varying energy. Twelve VMAT SRT plans by varying energy with 6 MV, 10 MV, 6 FFF and 10 FFF were planned on simulated three lesions of CT image. 18 VMAT …

Challenges Faced By Pakistani Healthcare System: Clinician's Perspective, Faran Khalid, Ahmed Nadeem Abbasi

Department of Radiation Oncology

Abstract are not provided by the author/publisher

Spaceoar To Improve Dosimetric Outcomes For Monotherapy High-Dose-Rate Prostate Implantation In A Patient With Ulcerative Colitis., Michael Trager, Benjamin Greenberger, Amy S. Harrison, James Keller, Robert B. Den

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is an attractive option for patients receiving definitive radiation therapy for prostate cancer with decreased overall dose to the pelvis. However, ulcerative colitis increases rectal toxicity risk and may be a contraindication. A synthetic hydrogel, SpaceOAR (Augmentix Inc., Waltham, MA, USA), can facilitate the use of HDR brachytherapy for patients where rectal toxicity is a limiting factor. SpaceOAR gel (13.19 cc) was utilized in a monotherapy HDR prostate treatment with Ir-192 under transrectal ultrasound guidance, with the intention of decreasing rectal dose. SpaceOAR gel was inserted transperineally into the patient 18 days prior to the procedure. The …