Moderator Effects Of Working Memory On The Stability Of Adhd Symptoms By Dopamine Receptor Gene Polymorphisms During Development,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Moderator Effects Of Working Memory On The Stability Of Adhd Symptoms By Dopamine Receptor Gene Polymorphisms During Development, J. Trampush, M. M. Jacobs, Y. L. Hurd, J. H. Newcorn, J. M. Halperin
Journal Articles
We tested the hypothesis that dopamine D1 and D2 receptor gene (DRD1 and DRD2, respectively) polymorphisms and the development of working memory skills can interact to influence symptom change over 10 years in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Specifically, we examined whether improvements in working memory maintenance and manipulation from childhood to early adulthood predicted the reduction of ADHD symptoms as a function of allelic variation in DRD1 and DRD2. Participants were 76 7-11-year-old children with ADHD who were genotyped and prospectively followed for almost 10 years. ADHD symptoms were rated using the Attention Problems scale on the Child Behavior …
Rdocs Redux,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Decomposing Decision Components In The Stop-Signal Task: A Model-Based Approach To Individual Differences In Inhibitory Control,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Decomposing Decision Components In The Stop-Signal Task: A Model-Based Approach To Individual Differences In Inhibitory Control, C. N. White, E. Congdon, J. A. Mumford, K. H. Karlsgodt, F. W. Sabb, N. B. Freimer, E. D. London, T. D. Cannon, R. M. Bilder, R. A. Poldrack
Journal Articles
The stop-signal task, in which participants must inhibit prepotent responses, has been used to identify neural systems that vary with individual differences in inhibitory control. To explore how these differences relate to other aspects of decision making, a drift-diffusion model of simple decisions was fitted to stop-signal task data from go trials to extract measures of caution, motor execution time, and stimulus processing speed for each of 123 participants. These values were used to probe fMRI data to explore individual differences in neural activation. Faster processing of the go stimulus correlated with greater activation in the right frontal pole for …
Markers Of Inflammation In Schizophrenia: Association Vs. Causation,
2014
Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell
Markers Of Inflammation In Schizophrenia: Association Vs. Causation, P. Manu, C. U. Correll, M. Wampers, A. J. Mitchell, M. Probst, D. Vancampfort, M. De Hert
Journal Articles
No abstract provided.
Sex Differences In Anxiety And Depression Clinical Perspectives,
2014
Northwell Health
Sex Differences In Anxiety And Depression Clinical Perspectives, M. Altemus, N. Sarvaiya, C. N. Epperson
Journal Articles
Sex differences are prominent in mood and anxiety disorders and may provide a window into mechanisms of onset and maintenance of affective disturbances in both men and women. With the plethora of sex differences in brain structure, function, and stress responsivity, as well as differences in exposure to reproductive hormones, social expectations and experiences, the challenge is to understand which sex differences are relevant to affective illness. This review will focus on clinical aspects of sex differences in affective disorders including the emergence of sex differences across developmental stages and the impact of reproductive events. Biological, cultural, and experiential factors …
Family-Focused Treatment For Adolescents And Young Adults At High Risk For Psychosis: Results Of A Randomized Trial,
2014
Northwell Health
Family-Focused Treatment For Adolescents And Young Adults At High Risk For Psychosis: Results Of A Randomized Trial, D. J. Miklowitz, M. P. O'Brien, D. A. Schlosser, J. Addington, K. A. Candan, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, M. Friedman-Yakoobian, T. D. Cannon, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Objective: Longitudinal studies have begun to clarify the phenotypic characteristics of adolescents and young adults at clinical high risk for psychosis. This 8-site randomized trial examined whether a 6-month program of family psychoeducation was effective in reducing the severity of attenuated positive and negative psychotic symptoms and enhancing functioning among individuals at high risk. Method: Adolescents and young adults (mean age 17.4 +/- 4.1 years) with attenuated positive psychotic symptoms, brief and intermittent psychosis, or genetic risk with functional deterioration were randomly assigned to 18 sessions of family-focused therapy for individuals at clinical high risk (FFT-CHR) in 6 months or …
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy And Plasma Homovanillic Acid Levels In Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report,
2014
Northwell Health
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy And Plasma Homovanillic Acid Levels In Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report, I. Miura, S. Kono, S. Oshima, K. Kanno-Nozaki, H. Mashiko, S. I. Niwa, H. Yabe
Journal Articles
Misdiagnosis of bipolar disorder is a serious, but not unusual problem for patients. Nevertheless, there are few biomarkers for distinguishing unipolar and bipolar disorder. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a noninvasive and useful method for the measurement of hemoglobin concentration changes in the cortical surface area, which enables the assessment of brain function. We measured NIRS and plasma monoamine metabolite levels in a patient with bipolar disorder. A 22-year-old man was admitted due to major depression. At admission, NIRS findings showed oxygenated hemoglobin reincrease in the posttask period, which is characteristic of schizophrenia. After treatment with paroxetine, he became manic with …
A Randomized Trial Of Family Focused Therapy With Populations At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis: Effects On Interactional Behavior,
2014
Northwell Health
A Randomized Trial Of Family Focused Therapy With Populations At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis: Effects On Interactional Behavior, M. P. O'Brien, D. J. Miklowitz, K. A. Candan, C. Marshall, I. Domingues, B. C. Walsh, J. L. Zinberg, S. D. De Silva, K. A. Woodberry, T. D. Cannon
Journal Articles
Objective: This study investigated whether family focused therapy (FFT-CHR), an 18-session intervention that consisted of psychoeducation and training in communication and problem solving, brought about greater improvements in family communication than enhanced care (EC), a 3-session psychoeducational intervention, among individuals at clinical high risk for developing psychosis. Method: This study was conducted within a randomized controlled trial across 8 sites. We examined 10-min problem-solving discussions at baseline and 6-month reassessment among 66 adolescents and young adults and their parents. Trained coders who were blind to treatment and time of assessment achieved high levels of interrater reliability when evaluating family discussions …
Managing Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Patients Treated With Antipsychotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach,
2014
Northwell Health
Managing Cardiovascular Disease Risk In Patients Treated With Antipsychotics: A Multidisciplinary Approach, M. Shulman, A. Miller, J. Misher, A. Tentler
Journal Articles
BACKGROUND: The use of antipsychotic medication in the United States and throughout the world has greatly increased over the last fifteen years. These drugs have significant side effect burdens, many of them relating to cardiovascular health. OBJECTIVE: To review the available evidence on the major cardiovascular issues that arise in patients taking antipsychotic medication. METHOD: A PubMed literature review was performed to identify recent meta-analyses, review articles, and large studies. Further articles were identified through cited papers and based on expert consultation when necessary. RESULTS: CLINICAL GUIDANCE ON THE FOLLOWING ADVERSE EFFECTS AND ANTIPSYCHOTICS WAS REVIEWED: electrocardiogram (ECG) changes, (specifically, …
Serum Levels Of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor At 4 Weeks And Response To Treatment With Ssris,
2014
Northwell Health
Serum Levels Of Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor At 4 Weeks And Response To Treatment With Ssris, R. Yoshimura, T. Kishi, H. Hori, A. Katsuki, A. Sugita-Ikenouchi, W. Umene-Nakano, K. Atake, N. Iwata, J. Nakamura
Journal Articles
Objective It is important to predict a response to an antidepressant in early time after starting the antidepressant. We previously reported that serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in responders to treatment with antidepressants were increased, whereas, those in nonresponders were not. Therefore, we hypothesized that the changes in serum levels of BDNF from baseline (TO) to 4 weeks (T4) after treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) predict the response to the treatment at 8 weeks (T8) in depressed patients. To confirm the hypothesis, we measured serum BDNF at TO, T4, and T8 during the treatment with SSRIs (paroxetine, …
High Rate Of Disease-Related Copy Number Variations In Childhood Onset Schizophrenia,
2014
Northwell Health
High Rate Of Disease-Related Copy Number Variations In Childhood Onset Schizophrenia, K. Ahn, N. Gotay, P. Gochman, Y. Lee, S. Sanders, S. Guha, H. Hakonarson, T. Lencz, M. W. State, J. L. Rapoport, +5 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Copy number variants (CNVs) are risk factors in neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism, epilepsy, intellectual disability (ID) and schizophrenia. Childhood onset schizophrenia (COS), defined as onset before the age of 13 years, is a rare and severe form of the disorder, with more striking array of prepsychotic developmental disorders and abnormalities in brain development. Because of the well-known phenotypic variability associated with pathogenic CNVs, we conducted whole genome genotyping to detect CNVs and then focused on a group of 46 rare CNVs that had well-documented risk for adult onset schizophrenia (AOS), autism, epilepsy and/or ID. We evaluated 126 COS probands, 69 …
Resting-State Fmri Connectivity Impairment In Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Resting-State Fmri Connectivity Impairment In Schizophrenia And Bipolar Disorder, Miklos Argyelan, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, R. J. Braga, K. E. Burdick, M. John, P. B. Kingsley, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Journal Articles
Background: Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder share aspects of phenomenology and neurobiology and thus may represent a continuum of disease. Few studies have compared connectivity across the brain in these disorders or investigated their functional correlates. Methods: We used resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate global and regional connectivity in 32 healthy controls, 19 patients with bipolar disorder, and 18 schizophrenia patients. Patients also received comprehensive neuropsychological and clinical assessments. We computed correlation matrices among 266 regions of interest within the brain, with the primary dependent measure being overall global connectivity strength of each region with every other region. Results: …
Comparison Of Sga Oral Medications And A Long-Acting Injectable Sga: The Proactive Study,
2014
Northwell Health
Comparison Of Sga Oral Medications And A Long-Acting Injectable Sga: The Proactive Study, P. F. Buckley, N. R. Schooler, A. J. Mendelowitz, D. D. Miller, J. B. Severe, D. R. Wilson, D. Ames, J. Bustillo, J. Mintz, J. M. Kane, +5 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Until relatively recently, long-acting injectable (LAI) formulations were only available for first-generation antipsychotics and their utilization decreased as use of oral second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) increased. Although registry-based naturalistic studies show LAIs reduce rehospitalization more than oral medications in clinical practice, this is not seen in recent randomized clinical trials. PROACTIVE (Preventing Relapse Oral Antipsychotics Compared to Injectables Evaluating Efficacy) relapse prevention study incorporated efficacy and effectiveness features. At 8 US academic centers, 305 patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were randomly assigned to LAI risperidone (LAI-R) or physician's choice oral SGAs. Patients were evaluated during the 30-month study by masked, …
Dopaminergic Influences On Emotional Decision Making In Euthymic Bipolar Patients,
2014
Northwell Health
Dopaminergic Influences On Emotional Decision Making In Euthymic Bipolar Patients, K. E. Burdick, R. J. Braga, C. B. Gopin, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
We recently reported that the D2/D3 agonist pramipexole may have pro-cognitive effects in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (BPD); however, the emergence of impulse-control disorders has been documented in Parkinson's disease (PD) after pramipexole treatment. Performance on reward-based tasks is altered in healthy subjects after a single dose of pramipexole, but its potential to induce abnormalities in BPD patients is unknown. We assessed reward-dependent decision making in euthymic BPD patients pre- and post 8 weeks of treatment with pramipexole or placebo by using the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). The IGT requires subjects to choose among four card decks (two risky …
Empirical Evidence For Discrete Neurocognitive Subgroups In Bipolar Disorder: Clinical Implications,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Empirical Evidence For Discrete Neurocognitive Subgroups In Bipolar Disorder: Clinical Implications, K. E. Burdick, M. Russo, S. Frangou, K. Mahon, R. J. Braga, M. Shanahan, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
Background. Recent data suggest trait-like neurocognitive impairments in bipolar disorder (BPD), with deficits about 1 S.D. below average, less severe than deficits noted in schizophrenia. The frequency of significant impairment in BPD is approximately 60%, with 40% of patients characterized as cognitively spared. This contrasts with a more homogeneous presentation in schizophrenia. It is not understood why some BPD patients develop deficits while others do not. Method. A total of 136 patients with BPD completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery and data were entered into hierarchical cluster analyses to: (1) determine the optimal number of clusters (subgroups) that fit the …
Reliability Of Neuroanatomical Measurements In A Multisite Longitudinal Study Of Youth At Risk For Psychosis,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Reliability Of Neuroanatomical Measurements In A Multisite Longitudinal Study Of Youth At Risk For Psychosis, T. D. Cannon, L. J. Seidman, H. W. Thermenos, B. A. Cornblatt, D. M. Olvet, D. Perkins, M. L. Qiu, D. H. Mathalon, P. Thompson, A. W. Toga, +19 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Multisite longitudinal neuroimaging designs are used to identify differential brain structural change associated with onset or progression of disease. The reliability of neuroanatomical measurements over time and across sites is a crucial aspect of power in such studies. Prior work has found that while within-site reliabilities of neuroanatomical measurements are excellent, between-site reliability is generally more modest. Factors that may increase between-site reliability include standardization of scanner platform and sequence parameters and correction for between-scanner variations in gradient nonlinearities. Factors that may improve both between- and within-site reliability include use of registration algorithms that account for individual differences in cortical …
Clinical Predictors Of Therapeutic Response To Antipsychotics In Schizophrenia,
2014
Northwell Health
Clinical Predictors Of Therapeutic Response To Antipsychotics In Schizophrenia, M. Carbon, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
The search for clinical outcome predictors for schizophrenia is as old as the field of psychiatry. However, despite a wealth of large, longitudinal studies into prognostic factors, only very few clinically useful outcome predictors have been identified. The goal of future treatment is to either affect modifiable risk factors, or use nonmodifiable factors to parse patients into therapeutically meaningful subgroups. Most clinical outcome predictors are nonspecific and/or nonmodifiable. Nonmodifiable predictors for poor odds of remission include male sex, younger age at disease onset, poor premorbid adjustment, and severe baseline psychopathology. Modifiable risk factors for poor therapeutic outcomes that clinicians can …
Sequencing An Ashkenazi Reference Panel Supports Population-Targeted Personal Genomics And Illuminates Jewish And European Origins,
2014
Northwell Health
Sequencing An Ashkenazi Reference Panel Supports Population-Targeted Personal Genomics And Illuminates Jewish And European Origins, S. Carmi, K. Y. Hui, F. Grady, S. Guha, K. Upadhyay, D. Ben-Avraham, S. Mukherjee, B. M. Bowen, T. Lencz, I. Pe'er, +22 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
The Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population is a genetic isolate close to European and Middle Eastern groups, with genetic diversity patterns conducive to disease mapping. Here we report high-depth sequencing of 128 complete genomes of AJ controls. Compared with European samples, our AJ panel has 47% more novel variants per genome and is eightfold more effective at filtering benign variants out of AJ clinical genomes. Our panel improves imputation accuracy for AJ SNP arrays by 28%, and covers at least one haplotype in approximate to 67% of any AJ genome with long, identical-by-descent segments. Reconstruction of recent AJ history from such …
Type And Duration Of Subsyndromal Symptoms In Youth With Bipolar I Disorder Prior To Their First Manic Episode,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
Type And Duration Of Subsyndromal Symptoms In Youth With Bipolar I Disorder Prior To Their First Manic Episode, C. U. Correll, M. Hauser, J. B. Penzner, A. M. Auther, V. Kafantaris, E. Saito, D. Olvet, R. E. Carrion, M. Pavuluri, B. A. Cornblatt, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to systematically evaluate the prodrome to mania in youth. Methods: New-onset/worsening symptoms/signs of >= moderate severity preceding first mania were systematically assessed in 52 youth (16.2 +/- 2.8 years) with a research diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (BD-I). Youth and/or caregivers underwent semi-structured interviews, using the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale-Retrospective. Results: The mania prodrome was reported to start gradually in most youth (88.5%), with either slow (59.6%) or rapid (28.8%) deterioration, while a rapid-onset-and-deterioration prodrome was rare (11.5%). The manic prodrome, conservatively defined as requiring >= 3 symptoms, lasted 10.3 +/- 14.4 …
The Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview And Scale-Prospective (Bpss-P): Description And Validation In A Psychiatric Sample And Healthy Controls,
2014
Hofstra Northwell School of Medicine
The Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview And Scale-Prospective (Bpss-P): Description And Validation In A Psychiatric Sample And Healthy Controls, C. U. Correll, D. M. Olvet, A. M. Auther, M. Hauser, T. Kishimoto, R. Carrion, S. Snyder, B. A. Cornblatt
Journal Articles
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Interview and Scale-Prospective (BPSS-P), the first specific interview for emerging bipolar disorder (BD) symptoms. Methods: A total of 205 youth aged 12-23 years and/or their caregivers underwent BPSS-P interviews: 129 patients with mood spectrum disorders [ depression spectrum disorder (n = 77), mood disorder not otherwise specified (NOS) (n = 27), BD-NOS (n = 14), bipolar I disorder (BD-I)/bipolar II disorder (BD-II)/cyclothymia (n = 11), 34 with non-mood spectrum disorders, and 42 healthy controls (HCs)]. We used Cronbach's alpha to assess internal …
