Psychiatry Commons^™

The Effectiveness Of Probiotics In Adults With Depressive Symptoms, Brianna Rees

Capstone Showcase

Introduction: Depression affects over 21 million adults in the United States and continues to rise, affecting more people due to the recent pandemic. Because the prevalence of this debilitating mental health disease is increasing, it is even more crucial to find additional therapeutic treatments to alleviate depressive symptoms in adults whose depression is not controlled on current anti-depressant medication or therapy. Depression has been shown to be linked to the gut-brain axis, meaning gut health is connected to our mental health. Therefore, probiotics may be effective in altering the gut microbiome, and ultimately affecting cognitive patterns in the brain.

Methods: …

Quality Of Life Before And After Cosmetic Surgery: Should Body Dysmorphic Disorder Be Considered An Absolute Or Relative Contraindication For Cosmetic Surgery?, Lindsay Conlisk

Capstone Showcase

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) has historically been regarded as a strong contraindication for cosmetic plastic surgery. New research now suggests that the contraindications to cosmetic surgery in patients with BDD may not be so absolute. This paper reviews diagnostic criteria, diagnostic challenges, and current standard of treatment of BDD. It then presents the idea of insight analysis in the BDD patient as a significant factor in determining if patients with BDD may or may not benefit from cosmetic surgery or procedures.

Conditions That Mimic Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder In A Pediatric Population: A Diagnostic Guide For Primary Care Providers, Elena Schatell

Capstone Showcase

This article outlines common neurobiological, developmental, psychological, and other medical diagnoses and conditions that symptomatically mimic attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the pediatric population. Many of these disorders are comorbid with ADHD, but they may also be misdiagnosed as ADHD. Due to the similarity in presentation, these conditions must be included when formulating a differential diagnosis. Accurately diagnosing a child with ADHD requires a thorough evaluation and work up to rule out diagnoses on the differential.

The Program To Reduce Implicit Bias In Carroll Hospital Center Using The Implicit Association Test, Katherine E. Traynor

Capstone Showcase

Natural brain processes make all individuals susceptible to unconscious bias; however, stressful, fearful, or anger-evoking situations as well as the negative influence of media and social surroundings increase the risk of holding obstructive bias, and there is a greater risk of being negatively impacted by this phenomenon when belonging to a minority population (Rose & Flores, 2020). As a result, high rates of infant mortality (10.2 deaths per 1,000 live births for the Non-Hispanic Black population compared to 4.1 in the White population) and cardiovascular related diseases (190.0 cases per 1,000 in the Non-Hispanic Black population compared to 161.3 in …

Quality Of Life Before And After Cosmetic Surgery: Should Body Dysmorphic Disorder Be Considered An Absolute Or Relative Contraindication For Cosmetic Surgery?, Lindsay Conlisk

Capstone Showcase

Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) has historically been regarded as a strong contraindication for cosmetic plastic surgery. New research now suggests that the contraindications to cosmetic surgery in patients with BDD may not be so absolute. This paper reviews diagnostic criteria, diagnostic challenges, and current standard of treatment of BDD. It then presents the idea of insight analysis in the BDD patient as a significant factor in determining if patients with BDD may or may not benefit from cosmetic surgery or procedures.

Perspectives Of Child Life Specialists On Their Role Supporting Pediatric Psychiatric Boarders, Kerri Sellers

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Education On The Nida Modified Assist (Nmassist) Tool On Knowledge And Screening For Substance Use Disorder Among Clinicians, Victoria Page Arnold

DNP Projects

Background: Substance use disorder (SUD) is a disparity affecting nearly 24 million individuals in the U.S., nearly 10% of the total population. Oftentimes, the emergency department (ED) is the only medical care this population receives. There is often a lack of screening for SUD in ED’s, therefore referred care may be limited for these individuals. The National Institute on Drug Abuse Modified Assist (NMASSIST) is an evidence-based tool developed to educate and screen for SUD. This tool can be completed in a timely manner and aid in the recommended referral of care for this select population.

Purpose: The purpose of …

Incidence Rate Of Psychiatric Disorders In 2020: The Pivotal Role Played By Sars-Cov-2 Infection, Antonio L Teixeira, Regina M Hansen, Joseph S Wozny, Caroline M Schaefer, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Lokesh Shahani, Scott D Lane, Jair C Soares, Trudy M Krause

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic has significantly impacted mental health outcomes. While the frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms has increased in the whole population, the relationship between COVID-19 and new psychiatric diagnoses remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: to compare the population incidence rate of emergence of de novo psychiatric disorders in 2020 compared to the previous years, and to compare the incidence rate of new psychiatric disorder diagnoses between people with vs without COVID-19.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This study utilized administrative claims data from the Clinformatics® Data Mart database, licensed from Optum®. The study is a cross-sectional analysis that …

Ketamine As A Treatment Modality For Treatment-Resistant Depression, Tracy Wulff, Shen Cao

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Many recent studies have demonstrated the ability of ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, to produce antidepressant effects that may be effective in helping reduce treatment-resistant major depression. In particular, three double-blinded randomized control trials have been conducted to assess the viability and effectiveness of this medication for treatment. This systematic literature review will analyze these studies and determine if the overall research indicates that ketamine is useful in improving depression as measured by the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS)¹.

Objective: Assess the effectiveness of IV Ketamine in reducing treatment-resistant major depressive disorder as measured by the Montgomery–Asberg …

Therapeutic Potential Of Psychedelic Drugs, Specifically Magic Mushrooms, Marijuana, And Mdma With Veterans Who Suffer From Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd), Misty Schutterle

Counselor Education Capstones

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a stress-based condition that a person develops after being exposed to an overwhelmingly traumatic event. Military troops frequently experience stress and trauma, making them highly susceptible to psychopathology. This paper evaluates nine clinical trials that used either magic mushrooms, marijuana, or MDMA as an adjunct to traditional psychotherapy to treat veterans who suffer from anxiety, depression, PTSD, suicidality, and other psychopathologies. Multiple scholarly journals and articles were read and analyzed, which show support for the therapeutic potential of psychedelic drugs in treating veterans with PTSD. After receiving psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy, the research showed participants experienced a …

Bridging Mental Healthcare, Kristin L. White

MSN Capstone Projects

Nurses have an important role in the care given to mental health patients presenting to the emergency department (ED). Without expectations or encouragement toward growth or continued education, the quality of care and the therapeutic ability for care are crippled, as evidenced by nurses' knowledge/competency deficits and negative attitudes. Through ongoing/continued education, the cultivation of a therapeutic culture toward patients that present to the ED for mental health complaints could result. Additionally, these improvements in care, in turn, could promote not only the closure of gaps that exist for quality mental healthcare but may also lead to an increase in …

Systematic Review Of Pathways To Care In The U.S. For Black Individuals With Early Psychosis, Oladunni Oluwoye, Beshaun Davis, Franchesca S. Kuhney, Deidre M. Anglin

Publications and Research

The pathway to receiving specialty care for first episode psychosis (FEP) among Black youth in the US has received little attention despite documented challenges that negatively impact engagement in care and clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic review of US-based research, reporting findings related to the pathway experiences of Black individuals with FEP and their family members. A systematic search of PubMed, PsycInfo, and Embase/Medline was performed with no date restrictions up to April 2021. Included studies had samples with at least 75% Black individuals and/or their family members or explicitly examined racial differences. Of the 80 abstracts screened, 28 …

Metacognition, Social Cognition, And Mentalizing In Psychosis: Are These Distinct Constructs When It Comes To Subjective Experience Or Are We Just Splitting Hairs?, P. H. Lysaker, S. Cheli, G. Dimaggio, B. Buck, K. A. Bonfils, K. Huling, C. Wiesepape, J. T. Lysaker

Faculty Publications

Research using the integrated model of metacognition has suggested that the construct of metacognition could quantify the spectrum of activities that, if impaired, might cause many of the subjective disturbances found in psychosis. Research on social cognition and mentalizing in psychosis, however, has also pointed to underlying deficits in how persons make sense of their experience of themselves and others. To explore the question of whether metacognitive research in psychosis offers unique insight in the midst of these other two emerging fields, we have offered a review of the constructs and research from each field. Following that summary, we discuss …

A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Self-Management For People With Epilepsy And A History Of Negative Health Events (Smart) Targeting Rural And Underserved People With Epilepsy: A Methodologic Report, Farren Briggs, Kristin Cassidy, Carol Blixen, Martha Sajatovic

Faculty Scholarship

Background: Many people living with epilepsy (PLWE) reside in rural communities, and epilepsy self-management may help address some of the gaps in epilepsy care for these communities. A prior randomized control trial of a remotely delivered, Web-based group format 12-week self-management program (SMART) conducted in Northeast Ohio, a primarily urban and suburban community, demonstrated improved outcomes in negative health events such as depression symptoms and quality of life. However, there is a paucity of research addressing the needs of PLWE in rural settings. Methods: The present study leverages collaboration between investigators from 2 mid-western US states (Ohio and Iowa) to …

Exploring The Role Of Immune Pathways In The Risk And Development Of Depression In Adolescence: Research Protocol Of The Idea-Flame Study., Valeria Mondelli, Annamaria Cattaneo, Naghmeh Nikkheslat, Laila Souza, Annabel Walsh, Zuzanna Zajkowska, Valentina Zonca, Moira Marizzoni, Helen L Fisher, Brandon A. Kohrt, Christian Kieling, Paola Di Meglio

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Depression In Black Men: Disparities In Diagnosis And Treatment, Amy Nwaobasi, Md

Department of Family & Community Medicine Presentations and Grand Rounds

Objectives

• Review epidemiology
• Review risk factors and protective factors that are associated with depression in black men
• Understand causes of disparities in diagnosis
• Understand barriers to treatments
• Explore ways physicians can address these disparities

Bipolar I And Bipolar Ii Subtypes In Older Age: Results From The Global Aging And Geriatric Experiments In Bipolar Disorder (Gage-Bd) Project, Farren Briggs, Martha Sajatovic, Kaylee Sarna, Joy Yala

Faculty Scholarship

Objectives: The distinction between bipolar I disorder (BD-I) and bipolar II disorder (BD-II) has been a topic of long-lasting debate. This study examined differences between BD-I and BD-II in a large, global sample of OABD, focusing on general functioning, cognition and somatic burden as these domains are often affected in OABD. Methods: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted with data from the Global Aging and Geriatric Experiments in Bipolar Disorder (GAGE-BD) database. The sample included 963 participants aged ≥50 years (714 BD-I, 249 BD-II). Sociodemographic and clinical factors were compared between BD subtypes including adjustment for study cohort. Multivariable analyses were conducted …

Impact Of Cannabis Use On Least Pain Scores Among African American And White Patients With Cancer Pain: A Moderation Analysis, Salimah H Meghani, Ryan Quinn, Rebecca Ashare, Kristin Levoy, Brooke Worster, Mary Naylor, Jesse Chittams, Martin Cheatle

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Introduction: Based on many published reports, African American patients with cancer experience higher pain severity scores and lower pain relief than White patients. This disparity results from undertreatment of pain and is compounded by low adherence to prescribed non-opioid and opioid analgesics among African American patients with cancer. While nearly one in four patients use cannabis to manage cancer-related symptoms, less is known about how cannabis use influences pain relief in this patient population.

Methods: This study is based on preliminary data from an ongoing study of longitudinal outcomes of opioid therapy among African American and White patients with cancer. …

Patterns In Change Of Opioid Overdose Death Rate With The Day Of The Week And Their Implications, William R. Duan, Dennis J. Hand

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Posters

The objective of this study was to investigate the dependencies of opioid overdose death rates on the day of the week and understand the implications of the dependencies Understanding and presenting the dependencies is useful for first responders and for health care system resource planning It can provide additional insights in the opioid epidemic and should be considered in prevention efforts

Effects Of Using Different Death Rate Metrics On The Analysis Of Drug-Overdose Death Rates And Socioeconomical Factors, William R. Duan, Dennis J. Hand

Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior Posters

Age-adjusted death rate (AADR) and raw death rate (RDD) used in drugoverdose studies typically involves death-record data and populationsurvey data. Difference can exist between the two data sources, leading to the so-called dual data-source error. Proportionate mortality avoids the error; however, no studies have been done comparing the conclusions drawn using the different metrics. The objective of this study is to evaluate the differences and merits of using different death-rate metrics in overdose analysis.