Neurosurgery Commons^™

Prevalence And Associations Of Dural Arteriovenous Fistulae In Cerebral Venous Thrombosis: Analysis Of Action-Cvt, Aaron Shoskes, Liqi Shu, Thanh N Nguyen, Mohamad Abdalkader, James Giles, Jordan Amar, James E Siegler, Nils Henninger, Marwa Elnazeir, Sami Al Kasab, Piers Klein, Mirjam R Heldner, Kateryna Antonenko, Marios Psychogios, David S Liebeskind, Thalia Field, Ava Liberman, Charles Esenwa, Alexis Simpkins, Grace Li, Jennifer Frontera, Lindsey Kuohn, Aaron Rothstein, Ossama Khazaal, Yasmin Aziz, Eva Mistry, Pooja Khatri, Setareh Salehi Omran, Adeel S Zubair, Richa Sharma, Robert M Starke, Jacques J Morcos, Jose G Romano, Shadi Yaghi, Negar Asdaghi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Corticospinal Inhibition Investigated In Relation To Upper Extremity Motor Function In Cervical Spinal Cord Injury, Tarun Arora, Jia Liu, Akhil Mohan, Xin Li, Kyle O'Laughlin, Teale Bennett, Gregory Nemunaitis, Francois Bethoux, Svetlana Pundik, Kelsey Baker

School of Medicine Publications

Objective: Corticospinal inhibitory mechanisms are relevant to functional recovery but remain poorly understood after spinal cord injury (SCI). Post-injury characteristics of contralateral silent period (CSP), a measure of corticospinal inhibition evaluated using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), is inconsistent in literature. We envisioned that investigating CSP across muscles with varying degrees of weakness may be a reasonable approach to resolve inconsistencies and elucidate the relevance of corticospinal inhibition for upper extremity function following SCI.

Methods: We studied 27 adults with chronic C1-C8 SCI (age 48.8 ± 16.1 years, 3 females) and 16 able-bodied participants (age 33.2 ± 11.8 years, 9 females). …

Vitamin A Status Modulates Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition In The Lung: The Role Of Furin, M Teresa Cabezuelo, Luis Torres, Elena Ortiz-Zapater, Gerardo López-Rodas, M Pilar Marín, Joaquín Timoneda, Juan R Viña, Rosa Zaragozá, Teresa Barber

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) induced TGF-β hyperactivation and reduced expression of cell adhesion proteins in the lung, suggesting that the disruption of retinoic acid (RA) signaling leads to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). To elucidate the role of lung vitamin A status in EMT, several EMT markers and the expression of the proprotein convertase furin, which activates TGF-β, were analyzed in two experimental models. Our in vivo model included control rats, VAD rats, and both control rats and VAD rats, treated with RA. For the in vitro studies, human bronchoalveolar epithelial cells treated with RA were used. Our data show that EMT …

Photophobia Is Associated With Lower Sleep Quality In Individuals With Migraine: Results From The American Registry For Migraine Research (Armr), Nina Sharp, Mark J Burish, Kathleen B Digre, Jessica Ailani, Mahya Fani, Sophia Lamp, Todd J Schwedt

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Patients with migraine often have poor sleep quality between and during migraine attacks. Furthermore, extensive research has identified photophobia as the most common and most bothersome symptom in individuals with migraine, second only to headache. Seeking the comfort of darkness is a common strategy for managing pain during an attack and preventing its recurrence between episodes. Given the well-established effects of daily light exposure on circadian activity rhythms and sleep quality, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between photophobia symptoms and sleep quality in a cohort of patients with migraine.

METHODS: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using …

Safety And Efficacy Of L5-S1 Inclusion In Multi-Level Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusions, Danyal Quraishi, Shahed Elhamdani, Chen Xu, Alexander Yu

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

It's About Time! Timing In Epilepsy Evaluation And Treatment, Heather Ravvin Mckee, Jorge Vidaurre, Dave Clarke, Janelle Wagner, Jeffrey W Britton, Linda Laux, Eugen Trinka, Clio Rubinos, Tanya J W Mcdonald, Fred A Lado, Martina Bebin, Christos Papadelis, Aaron F Struck, Carolina B Maciel, Ana L Velasco, Arjun Chandran, Sandipan Pati, Nitin Tandon, Guadalupe Fernandez-Baca Vaca, Madison M Berl, Ahsan N Moosa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The 2023 American Epilepsy Society Annual Course "It's About Time" addressed timing in epilepsy evaluation and treatment with respect to health disparity and vulnerable populations and diagnostic, clinical, and epilepsy surgery evaluation. This comprehensive course included topics on gaps in epilepsy care and optimization of behavioral health for patients with epilepsy. The summary details current knowledge in areas of seizure forecasting and epileptogenesis. Intricacies and controversies over timing were discussed for treatment of nonconvulsive seizures and ictal-interictal patterns, acute symptomatic seizures, neuromodulation versus surgery, and epilepsy surgery in status epilepticus. Timing regarding clinical care in autoimmune-associated epilepsy, developmental and epileptic …

Effectiveness Of A Training Program For The Management Of Risky Alcohol Use In Primary Care Professionals Based On Motivational Interviewing, Celia Pérula-Jiménez, Esperanza Romero-Rodríguez, Juan Manuel Parras-Rejano, Ana González De La Rubia, Juan Baleato Gómez, Luis Angel Pérula De Torres

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a training program for Primary Care (PC) professionals developed to increase knowledge, attitudes, and skills for managing patients with risky alcohol use and in the motivational interview.

DESIGN: Multicenter, two-arm parallel, randomized, open-label controlled clinical trial.

SETTING: PC of the Andalusian Health Service.

PARTICIPANTS: The study was completed by 80 healthcare professionals from 31 PC centers.

INTERVENTIONS: In both experimental and control groups, a workshop on managing patients with risky alcohol consumption and the resolution of two videotaped clinical cases with standardized patients were conducted. The experimental group attended a workshop on motivational interviewing. …

Minimally Invasive Anterior Cervical Foraminotomy For Unilateral Radiculopathy, Duncan J Trimble, Dallas L Sheinberg, Joseph A Cochran

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Anterior cervical foraminotomy (ACF) is an alternative surgical option for the treatment of refractory unilateral radiculopathy due to disc herniation or spondylosis. The efficacy and adverse event rate in experienced practitioners are comparable to those of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, total disc arthroplasty, and posterior foraminotomy. However, this technique has not been widely adopted, likely because of the proximity of the working zone and the vertebral artery. The authors present a detailed operative video of a patient successfully treated with an ACF. They also present a review of the ACF literature.

The video can be found here: https://stream.cadmore.media/r10.3171/2024.1.FOCVID23196

Antithrombotic Therapy In Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, And Network Meta-Analysis, Basel Musmar, Hamza Salim, Jihad Abdelgadir, Samantha Spellicy, Nimer Adeeb, Ali Zomorodi, Allan Friedman, Issam Awad, Pascal Jabbour, David Hasan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cerebral cavernous malformations are complex vascular anomalies in the central nervous system associated with a risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Traditional guidelines have been cautious about the use of antithrombotic therapy in this patient group, citing concerns about potential bleeding risk. However, recent research posits that antithrombotic therapy may actually be beneficial. This study aims to clarify the association between antithrombotic therapy, including antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications, and the risk of intracranial hemorrhage in patients with cerebral cavernous malformations.

METHODS AND RESULTS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases, following Preferred Reporting Items …

Endovascular Thrombectomy For Large Ischemic Stroke Across Ischemic Injury And Penumbra Profiles, Amrou Sarraj, Ameer E Hassan, Michael G Abraham, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Scott E Kasner, Muhammad Shazam Hussain, Michael Chen, Leonid Churilov, Hannah Johns, Clark W Sitton, Vignan Yogendrakumar, Felix C Ng, Deep K Pujara, Spiros Blackburn, Sophia Sundararajan, Yin C Hu, Nabeel A Herial, Juan F Arenillas, Jenny P Tsai, Ronald F Budzik, William J Hicks, Osman Kozak, Bernard Yan, Dennis J Cordato, Nathan W Manning, Mark W Parsons, Andrew Cheung, Ricardo A Hanel, Amin N Aghaebrahim, Teddy Y Wu, Pere Cardona Portela, Chirag D Gandhi, Fawaz Al-Mufti, Natalia Pérez De La Ossa, Joanna D Schaafsma, Jordi Blasco, Navdeep Sangha, Steven Warach, Timothy J Kleinig, Faris Shaker, Faisal Al Shaibi, Gabor Toth, Mohammad A Abdulrazzak, Gagan Sharma, Abhishek Ray, Jeffrey Sunshine, Amanda Opaskar, Kelsey R Duncan, Wei Xiong, Edgar A Samaniego, Laith Maali, Colleen G Lechtenberg, Arturo Renú, Nirav Vora, Thanh Nguyen, Johanna T Fifi, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Pascal Jabbour, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Vitor Mendes Pereira, Maarten G Lansberg, Michael Degeorgia, Cathy A Sila, Nicholas Bambakidis, Michael D Hill, Stephen M Davis, Lawrence Wechsler, James C Grotta, Marc Ribo, Greg W Albers, Bruce C Campbell

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Whether endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) efficacy for patients with acute ischemic stroke and large cores varies depending on the extent of ischemic injury is uncertain.

Objective: To describe the relationship between imaging estimates of irreversibly injured brain (core) and at-risk regions (mismatch) and clinical outcomes and EVT treatment effect.

Design, setting, and participants: An exploratory analysis of the SELECT2 trial, which randomized 352 adults (18-85 years) with acute ischemic stroke due to occlusion of the internal carotid or middle cerebral artery (M1 segment) and large ischemic core to EVT vs medical management (MM), across 31 global centers between October 2019 …

Analysis Of Antibody Drug Conjugate On Cellular Senescent Human Glioblastoma, Ariel P. Walker, Renee Hirte, Cecile Riviere-Cazaux, Authur Warrington, Terry Burns

Medical Student Research Symposium

Background: Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive and malignant brain tumor known for its rapid progression and unfavorable prognosis. The standard treatment options primarily involve radiation and temozolomide, however recurrence is inevitable.

B7H3/CD276, an immunomodulatory transmembrane glycoprotein, demonstrates tumor-specific expression, with limited presence in normal healthy tissue, making it a promising and attractive treatment target in GBM. AbbV155 is an antibody drug conjugate that inhibits BCL-XL and specifically targets B7H3 (CD276) on GBM cells with the goal of selectively eliminating viable tumor cells.

Objectives: First, we sought to confirm the presence of B7H3/CD276 in our selected cell line via …

Insular And Amygdala Origin Seizures: Unmasked With Electrocorticography (Ecog), Younes Motii, Arichenaramanathan Manmatharayan, Parthasarathi Chamiraju, Mona Elsayed

Medical Student Research Symposium

Insular and Amygdala Origin Seizures: Unmasked with Electrocorticography (ECOG)

Introduction:

Insula and amygdala have a large network of connections to other cortical regions. Seizures originating from these structures may become evident only after propagation to other structures. High degree of attention must be paid to auras and seizure semiology in patients with medically intractable epilepsy.

Methodology:

We have described a series of three adult male patients with focal intractable epilepsy who did not have structural lesions on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Patients underwent MRI, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan, scalp electroencephalography (EEG), and stereo EEG implantation.

Results:

All three patients …

A Case Of Parkinsonian Symptoms Secondary To Chronic Subdural Hematoma, Willbroad Kyejo, Frank Swai, Clement Mugisha, Philip Adebayo

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Chronic subdural hematoma is a known neurosurgical entity often associated with a spectrum of neurological manifestations. While primarily recognized for its characteristic accumulation of blood between the dura mater and arachnoid membrane, emerging literature suggests a rare association between chronic subdural hematoma and Parkinsonian symptoms. This report aims to underscore this unique neurological relationship by presenting a case of a 70-year-old male who developed Parkinsonism following chronic subdural hematoma post-head trauma. This case underscores the rare association between chronic subdural hematoma and Parkinsonian symptoms, emphasizing the importance of timely diagnosis and intervention in managing such cases.

Autologous Cell Immunotherapy (Igv-001) With Igf-1r Antisense Oligonucleotide In Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma Patients, Ian Y. Lee, Simon Hanft, Michael Schulder, Kevin D. Judy, Eric T. Wong, J. Bradley Elder, Linton T. Evans, Mario Zuccarello, Julian Wu, Sonikpreet Aulakh, Vijay Agarwal, Rohan Ramakrishna, Brian J. Gill, Alfredo Quiñones-Hinojosa, Cameron Brennan, Brad E. Zacharia, Carlos Eduardo Silva Correia, Madhavi Diwanji, Gregory K. Pennock, Charles Scott, Raul Perez-Olle, David W. Andrews, John A. Boockvar

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Standard-of-care first-line therapy for patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma (ndGBM) is maximal safe surgical resection, then concurrent radiotherapy and temozolomide, followed by maintenance temozolomide. IGV-001, the first product of the Goldspire™ platform, is a first-in-class autologous immunotherapeutic product that combines personalized whole tumor-derived cells with an antisense oligonucleotide (IMV-001) in implantable biodiffusion chambers, with the intent to induce a tumor-specific immune response in patients with ndGBM. Here, we describe the design and rationale of a randomized, double-blind, phase IIb trial evaluating IGV-001 compared with placebo, both followed by standard-of-care treatment in patients with ndGBM. The primary end point is progression-free …

Experience With A Hybrid Recruitment Approach Of Patient-Facing Web Portal Screening And Subsequent Phone And Medical Record Review For A Neurosurgical Intervention Trial For Chronic Ischemic Stroke Disability (Pisces Iii), Brad J Kolls, Keith W Muir, Sean I Savitz, Lawrence R Wechsler, Julie G Pilitsis, Scott Rahimi, Richard L Beckman, Vincent Holmes, Peng R Chen, David S Albers, Daniel T Laskowitz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Recruitment of participants is the greatest risk to completion of most clinical trials, with 20-40% of trials failing to reach the targeted enrollment. This is particularly true of trials of central nervous system (CNS) therapies such as intervention for chronic stroke. The PISCES III trial was an invasive trial of stereotactically guided intracerebral injection of CTX0E03, a fetal derived neural stem cell line, in patients with chronic disability due to ischemic stroke. We report on the experience using a novel hybrid recruitment approach of a patient-facing portal to self-identify and perform an initial screen for general trial eligibility (tier …

Stereotactic Electroencephalogram Recordings In Temporal Lobectomy Patients Demonstrates The Predictive Value Of Interictal Cross-Frequency Correlations: A Retrospective Study, Anish Sathe, Mahdi Alizadeh, Emily Johannan, Christian Raimondo, Michael R Sperling, Ashwini Sharan, Michael Kogan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Positive correlations between low- and high-frequency spectra from stereotactic electroencephalogram (SEEG) recordings have been implicated in pathological brain activity interictally and have been used for ictal detection in both focal and network models.

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated SEEG signals in patients who ultimately underwent temporal lobectomy to evaluate their utility in seizure localization and prediction of seizure freedom post-resection.

METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed cross-frequency correlations between beta and high gamma (HG) interictal SEEG signals from 22 patients. We compared signals based on temporal versus extra-temporal locations, seizure-free (SF) versus non-seizure-free (NSF) outcomes, and mesial (M) versus mesial temporal-plus (M+) onset. …

Thsd1 Suppresses Autophagy-Mediated Focal Adhesion Turnover By Modulating The Fak-Beclin 1 Pathway, Zhen Xu, Jiayi Lu, Song Gao, Yan-Ning Rui

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Focal adhesions (FAs) play a crucial role in cell spreading and adhesion, and their autophagic degradation is an emerging area of interest. This study investigates the role of Thrombospondin Type 1 Domain-Containing Protein 1 (THSD1) in regulating autophagy and FA stability in brain endothelial cells, shedding light on its potential implications for cerebrovascular diseases. Our research reveals a physical interaction between THSD1 and FAs. Depletion of THSD1 significantly reduces FA numbers, impairing cell spreading and adhesion. The loss of THSD1 also induces autophagy independently of changes in mTOR and AMPK activation, implying that THSD1 primarily governs FA dynamics rather than …

Safety And Timing Of Early Therapeutic Anticoagulation Therapy After Craniotomy, John M. Wilson, Kierany B. Shelvin, Sarah E. Lawhon, George A. Crabill, Ellery A. Hayden, Alan J. Velander

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: To date, there are few guidelines and studies to guide the timing of initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation (AC) after craniotomy. The goal of this study was to assess the timing, safety, and outcomes of patients following the administration of therapeutic AC after craniotomy. Methods: A retrospective case–control study was performed evaluating all craniotomy patients from August 2017 to July 2021. Cases were selected if they received therapeutic AC within ten days of craniotomy. Nineteen out of 1013 craniotomy patients met the inclusion criteria. Indications for therapeutic AC were diverse, including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, dural venous sinus thrombosis, …

Kinase-Impaired Btk Mutations Are Susceptible To Clinical-Stage Btk And Ikzf1/3 Degrader Nx-2127, Skye Montoya, Jessie Bourcier, Mark Noviski, Hao Lu, Meghan C Thompson, Alexandra Chirino, Jacob Jahn, Anya K Sondhi, Stefan Gajewski, Ying Siow May Tan, Stephanie Yung, Aleksandra Urban, Eric Wang, Cuijuan Han, Xiaoli Mi, Won Jun Kim, Quinlan Sievers, Paul Auger, Hugo Bousquet, Nivetha Brathaban, Brandon Bravo, Melissa Gessner, Cristiana Guiducci, James N Iuliano, Tim Kane, Ratul Mukerji, Panga Jaipal Reddy, Janine Powers, Mateo Sanchez Garcia De Los Rios, Jordan Ye, Carla Barrientos Risso, Daniel Tsai, Gabriel Pardo, Ryan Q Notti, Alejandro Pardo, Maurizio Affer, Vindhya Nawaratne, Tulasigeri M Totiger, Camila Pena-Velasquez, Joanna M Rhodes, Andrew D Zelenetz, Alvaro Alencar, Lindsey E Roeker, Sanjoy Mehta, Ralph Garippa, Adam Linley, Rajesh Kumar Soni, Sigrid S Skånland, Robert J Brown, Anthony R Mato, Gwenn M Hansen, Omar Abdel-Wahab, Justin Taylor

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION:

Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) is a nonreceptor kinase in the B cell receptor (BCR) signaling cascade critical for B cell survival. As such, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and other B cell cancers are sensitive to inhibition of BTK. Covalent and noncovalent inhibitors of BTK have revolutionized the treatment of these cancers. Therefore, understanding mechanisms by which acquired mutation in BTK confer drug resistance and developing new therapies to overcome resistance are critically important.

RATIONALE:

We recently discovered BTK mutations that confer resistance across covalent and noncovalent BTK inhibitors. In this study, we found that a group of these mutants …

Effect Of Vitamin E Enhanced Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene On Wear Rate And Particle Debris In Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Biomechanical Comparison To Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene, Adam Khan, Andrew Jawa, Matthew J. Smith, J Michael Wiater, Derek J. Cuff, Anand M. Murthi, Luke Stanford Austin

Conference Presentation Abstracts

INTRODUCTION: Particle-induced osteolysis resulting from polyethylene wear remains a source of implant failure in anatomic total shoulder designs. Modern polyethylene components are irradiated in an oxygen-free environment to induce polyethylene cross-linking, but an unfortunate byproduct of this process is free radical production. Melting or heat annealing is one method of reducing free radicals but can compromise the component’s mechanical properties. The antioxidant, Vitamin E, has been introduced as an alternative adjuvant to neutralize free radicals. Specifically, in anatomic shoulder arthroplasty with a ceramic head component, the vitamin E-enhanced polyethylene showed improved wear compared to the conventional highly-cross linked polyethylene. This …