Neurology Commons^™

Progressive Changes In Microglia And Macrophages In Spinal Cord And Peripheral Nerve In The Transgenic Rat Model Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, David J. Graber, William F. Hickey, Brent T. Harris

Dartmouth Scholarship

The role of neuroinflammation in motor neuron death of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unclear. The human mutant superoxide dismutase-1 (hmSOD1)-expressing murine transgenic model of ALS has provided some insight into changes in microglia activity during disease progression. The purpose of this study was to gain further knowledge by characterizing the immunological changes during disease progression in the spinal cord and peripheral nerve using the more recently developed hmSOD1 rat transgenic model of ALS. Using immunohistochemistry, the extent and intensity of tissue CD11b expression in spinal cord, lumbar nerve roots, and sciatic nerve were evaluated in hmSOD1 rats that were …

Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn A. Goodale

Psychology Presentations

Our expectations of an object’s heaviness not only drive our fingertip forces, but also our perception of heaviness. This effect is highlighted by the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), where different‐sized objects of identical mass feel different weights (Charpentier, 1891) long after any initial errors in the application of fingertip forces have been corrected (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).

Here, we examined whether our expectations about the weight of an upcoming lift are sufficient to induce the SWI in a single wooden cube when lifted without visual feedback, by varying the size of the object seen prior to the lift during a …

Laterality, Perception, And Action During The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie S. Ranger, Melvyn A. Goodale

Psychology Presentations

In the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), a small object will feel heavier than an larger object of equal weight (Charpentier, 1891). Individuals continue to perceive this illusory difference in weight long after their gripping and lifting forces have scaled to the actual, identical, mass of the illusion-inducing stimuli (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).

The independence of our weight perception and fingertip force application has only been quantified in the right hand of right-handers. The immunity to this perceptual illusion may be affected by manual asymmetries (e.g., Gonzalez, Ganel & Goodale, 2006).

We examined perception of heaviness and fingertip force scaling in …

Neural Activity In The Hippocampus And Perirhinal Cortex During Encoding Is Associated With The Durability Of Episodic Memory, V. A. Carr, Indre Viskontas, S. A. Engel, B. J. Knowlton

Psychology

Studies examining medial temporal lobe (MTL) involvement in memory formation typically assess memory performance after a single, short delay. Thus, the relationship between MTL encoding activity and memory durability over time remains poorly characterized. To explore this relationship, we scanned participants using high-resolution functional imaging of the MTL as they encoded object pairs; using the remember/know paradigm, we then assessed memory performance for studied items both 10 min and 1 week later. Encoding trials were classified as either subsequently recollected across both delays, transiently recollected (i.e., recollected at 10 min but not after 1 week), consistently familiar, or consistently forgotten. …

Elevated Csf Outflow Resistance Associated With Impaired Lymphatic Csf Absorption In A Rat Model Of Kaolin-Induced Communicating Hydrocephalus, Gurjit Nagra, Mark E. Wagshul, Shams Rashid, Jie Li, J Pat Mcallister Ii, Miles Johnston

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

We recently reported a lymphatic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) absorption deficit in a kaolin model of communicating hydrocephalus in rats with ventricular expansion correlating negatively with the magnitude of the impediment to lymphatic function. However, it is possible that CSF drainage was not significantly altered if absorption at other sites compensated for the lymphatic defect. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the lymphatic absorption deficit on global CSF absorption (CSF outflow resistance).

Methods

Kaolin was injected into the basal cisterns of Sprague Dawley rats. The development of hydrocephalus was assessed using magnetic resonance imaging …

Subclinical Hyperthyroidism And Dementia: The Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study (Spah), Paulo A. Lotufo

Paulo A Lotufo

Background: Several epidemiologic studies have shown a possible association between thyroid function and cognitive decline. Our aim was to evaluate the association of subclinical hyperthyroidism and dementia in a population sample of older people. Methods: A cross-sectional study - São Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH) - in a population sample of low-income elderly people ≥ 65 years-old to evaluate presence of subclinical thyroid disease as a risk factor for dementia. Thyroid function was assessed using thyrotropic hormone and free-thyroxine as well as routine use of thyroid hormones or antithyroid medications. Cases of dementia were assessed using a harmonized one-phase …

Speak Up: Care Should Be A Right, Not A Privilege, Page Walker Buck

Social Work (Graduate) Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Interaction Of The Mu-Opioid Receptor With Gpr177 (Wntless) Inhibits Wnt Secretion: Potential Implications For Opioid Dependence., Jay Jin, Saranya Kittanakom, Victoria Wong, Beverly A S Reyes, Elisabeth J Van Bockstaele, Igor Stagljar, Wade Berrettini, Robert Levenson

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Opioid agonist drugs produce analgesia. However, long-term exposure to opioid agonists may lead to opioid dependence. The analgesic and addictive properties of opioid agonist drugs are mediated primarily via the mu-opioid receptor (MOR). Opioid agonists appear to alter neuronal morphology in key brain regions implicated in the development of opioid dependence. However, the precise role of the MOR in the development of these neuronal alterations remains elusive. We hypothesize that identifying and characterizing novel MOR interacting proteins (MORIPs) may help to elucidate the underlying mechanisms involved in the development of opioid dependence. RESULTS: GPR177, the mammalian ortholog of Drosophila …

Overview Of Surgical Management Of Infectious Non-Suppurative Brain Lesions (Part 2), Muhammad Shahzad Shamim, Ather Enam, Syed Faizan Ali, Rushna Pervez Ali, Mohammad Wasay

Section of Neurosurgery

No abstract provided.

Ischemic Stroke Care - Official Guidelines From The Pakistan Society Of Neurology, Ayeesha Kamran Kamal, Ahmed Itrat, Imama Naqvi, Maria Khan, Roomasa Channa, Ismail Khatri, Mohammad Wasay

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

Prediction Of Brain Tumor Progression Using A Machine Learning Technique, Yuzhong Shen, Debrup Banerjee, Jiang Li, Adam Chandler, Yufei Shen, Frederic D. Mckenzie, Jihong Wang, Nico Karssemeijer (Ed.), Ronald M. Summers (Ed.)

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

A machine learning technique is presented for assessing brain tumor progression by exploring six patients' complete MRI records scanned during their visits in the past two years. There are ten MRI series, including diffusion tensor image (DTI), for each visit. After registering all series to the corresponding DTI scan at the first visit, annotated normal and tumor regions were overlaid. Intensity value of each pixel inside the annotated regions were then extracted across all of the ten MRI series to compose a 10 dimensional vector. Each feature vector falls into one of three categories:normal, tumor, and normal but progressed to …

Sleep Well To Stay Safe: Ready For Primetime?, Mihai C. Teodorescu, Mariana Szklo-Coxe

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Commentary on Kling et al. Sleep problems and workplace injuries in Canada. Sleep 2010;33:611-618.

Stroke Protocol And Patient Outcomes, Patricia A. Nielsen

Faculty Scholarship – Nursing

Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the United States, ranking behind “diseases of the heart” and all forms of cancer (American Stroke Association, 2007). It is also a leading cause of serious long-term disability in the United States. Despite these statistics, there is poor knowledge among both the general community and health care professionals about the nature of stroke, signs and symptoms of a stroke, and what to do in the event of a stroke. Early treatment is crucial in maximizing the benefit of stroke intervention. The purpose of this evidence-based project (EBP) at PSMH was to …

Role Of Levetiracetam In Refractory Seizures Due To A Rare Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy: Lafora Body Disease, Mubashira Hashmi, Feroza Saleem, Muhammad Shahid Mustafa, Mughis Sheerani, Zeeshan Ehtesham, Khurram Siddiqui

Section of Neurology

Lafora disease is one of the rare, most fatal progressive myoclonic epilepsies reported. We present a case of a teenager with intractable seizures and progressive mental decline, diagnosed as Lafora body disease on axillary skin biopsy. He was admitted with status epilepticus with refractory myoclonic and generalised tonic clonic seizures. Despite on maximum doses of multiple antiepileptic drugs and infusions of propofol and midazolam, his seizures were refractory to all forms of medical therapy tried. Levetiracetam (LEV), a pyrrolidine derivative, was introduced; he showed a prompt response and was weaned off successfully from infusions of anticonvulsants and mechanical ventilation within …

A Prospective Study Of Physician-Observed Concussion During Junior Ice Hockey: Implications For Incidence Rates, Paul Echlin, Charles Tator, Michael Cusimano, Robert Cantu, Jack Taunton, Ross Upshur, Craig Hall, Andrew Johnson, Lorie Forwell, Elaine Skopelja

Andrew M. Johnson

No abstract provided.

Return To Play After An Initial Or Recurrent Concussion In A Prospective Study Of Physician-Observed Junior Ice Hockey Concussions: Implications For Return To Play After A Concussion, Paul Echlin, Charles Tator, Michael Cusimano, Robert Cantu, Jack Taunton, Ross Upshur, Michael Czarnota, Craig Hall, Andrew Johnson, Lorie Forwell, Molly Driediger, Elaine Skopelja

Andrew M. Johnson

Object. The authors investigated return-to-play duration for initial and recurrent concussion in the same season in 2 teams of junior (16–21-year-old) ice hockey players during a regular season. Methods. The authors conducted a prospective cohort study during 1 junior regular season (2009–2010) of 67 male fourth- tier ice hockey players (mean age

Lifting Without Seeing: The Role Of Vision In Perceiving And Acting Upon The Size‐Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Melvyn Goodale

Gavin Buckingham

Our expectations of an object’s heaviness not only drive our fingertip forces, but also our perception of heaviness. This effect is highlighted by the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), where different‐sized objects of identical mass feel different weights (Charpentier, 1891) long after any initial errors in the application of fingertip forces have been corrected (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).

Here, we examined whether our expectations about the weight of an upcoming lift are sufficient to induce the SWI in a single wooden cube when lifted without visual feedback, by varying the size of the object seen prior to the lift during a …

Laterality, Perception, And Action During The Size-Weight Illusion, Gavin Buckingham, Nathalie Ranger, Melvyn Goodale

Gavin Buckingham

In the classic size-weight illusion (SWI), a small object will feel heavier than an larger object of equal weight (Charpentier, 1891). Individuals continue to perceive this illusory difference in weight long after their gripping and lifting forces have scaled to the actual, identical, mass of the illusion-inducing stimuli (Flanagan & Beltzner, 2000).

The independence of our weight perception and fingertip force application has only been quantified in the right hand of right-handers. The immunity to this perceptual illusion may be affected by manual asymmetries (e.g., Gonzalez, Ganel & Goodale, 2006).

We examined perception of heaviness and fingertip force scaling in …

A Prospective Study Of Concussion Education In 2 Junior Ice Hockey Teams: Implications For Sports Concussion Education, Paul Echlin, Andrew Johnson, Suzanne Riverin, Charles Tator, Robert Cantu, Michael Cusimano, Jack Taunton, Ross Upshur, Craig Hall, Lorie Forwell, Elaine Skopelja

Andrew M. Johnson

No abstract provided.

Association Between Weekend Hospital Presentation And Stroke Fatality, Gustavo Saposnik

Gustavo Saposnik

No abstract provided.