Infectious Disease Commons^™

Improving Knowledge And Confidence Of Family Nurse Practitioners In Offering The Hpv Vaccine, Leni Terano Fisher

Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects - Archive

Abstract

Introduction

Despite the recommendations of the United States Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, HPV immunization lags behind other routine vaccines by up to 31%. Although there are many reasons for the low vaccine rate, provider hesitancy and lack of confidence significantly contribute to suboptimal HPV vaccine uptake.

Objectives

This project aimed to utilize evidence-driven interventions to increase family nurse practitioners' (FNPs) knowledge and confidence in offering the HPV vaccine.

Methods

Participants were given pre- and post-questionnaire surveys. The Wilcoxon Rank Test was used to compare, quantify, and measure the results of the eight-week data collection.

Results

The subjects were …

Pregnancy Outcomes After Exposure To Tuberculosis Treatment In Phase 3 Clinical Trial, 2016-2020, Ekaterina V. Kurbatova, William C. Whitworth, Kia E. Bryant, Meredith G. Dixon, Kelly E. Dooley, Nigel A. Scott, Rosanna Boyd, Nicole E. Brown, Kimberley N. Chapman Hedges, Wendy Carr, Lakshmi P. Peddareddy, Grace Muzanyi, Rodney Dawson, Ziyad Waja, Neil Martinson, Jyoti S. V. Mathad, Payam Nahid, Susan Swindells, Richard E. Chaisson, Susan E. Dorman, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Aids Clinical Trials Group A5349, Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 31

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

A previous study demonstrated noninferior efficacy of 4-month rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment compared with the standard regimen. We analyzed pregnancy outcomes of women who became pregnant during the study. Among 740 women, 97 (13.1%) became pregnant. Of 102 pregnancies (in 97 participants), 30 (29.4%) participants were exposed to study drugs. Fetal loss was reported for 3/13 (23.1%) in the control regimen, 1/9 (11.1%) in the rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen, and 1/8 (12.5%) in the rifapentine regimen. Among 21 live births in exposed pregnancies (7 in each arm), 1 infant with a congenital anomaly was reported in a participant on the …

Resilience And Reality: Exploring The Lived Experiences Of People Living With Hiv In Texas During The Covid-19 Pandemic – A Qualitative Study., Ahmed F. Alanazi

Social Work Dissertations - Archive

This study investigated the lived experiences of individuals living with HIV (PLWH) in the Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) area of Texas during the COVID-19 pandemic, using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) framework. The research examined the intersection of health, social dynamics, and psychological resilience among PLWH, who faced compounded vulnerabilities due to systemic inequities and the dual public health crises of HIV and COVID-19. Through semi-structured interviews with ten participants from diverse backgrounds, the study captured the profound impacts of disrupted healthcare systems, heightened stigma, and social isolation on this marginalized population. The findings reveal that the pandemic exacerbated existing inequities …

Closing The Gap: Standardizing Sepsis Management To Address Racial Disparities Across Oregon Providence Hospitals, Jennifer Wong, Do, Shelley Schoepflin Sanders

Abstracts, Posters, Presentations

No abstract provided.

Puzzling Papules: Uncovering The Etiology Of A Rash In A Returning Traveler, Lisa Stampke, Md, Shahana Baig-Lewis Md, Mph

Abstracts, Posters, Presentations

No abstract provided.

Efficacy And Safety Of 4-Month Rifapentine-Based Tuberculosis Treatments In Persons With Diabetes., Ekaterina V. Kurbatova, William C. Whitworth, Lakshmi Praveena Peddareddy, Patrick P. J. Phillips, Nigel A. Scott, Kia E. Bryant, Rodney Dawson, Sandra Wagner Cardoso, Wadzanai Samaneka, Melissa Engle, Ziyaad Waja, Erin Sizemore, Wendy Carr, Kelly E. Dooley, Radojka Savic, Susan Swindells, Richard E. Chaisson, Susan E. Dorman, Payam Nahid, Nhung V. Nguyen, Aids Clinical Trials Group A5349, Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 31

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

A previous study demonstrated noninferior efficacy of 4-month rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen for tuberculosis (TB) treatment compared with the standard regimen. We explored results among study participants with diabetes. Among 2,516 randomized participants, 181 (7.2%) had diabetes. Of 166 participants with diabetes in the microbiologically eligible analysis group, 26.3% (15/57) had unfavorable outcomes in the control regimen, 13.8% (8/58) in the rifapentine/moxifloxacin regimen, and 29.4% (15/51) in the rifapentine regimen. The difference in proportion of unfavorable outcomes between the control and rifapentine/moxifloxacin arms in the microbiologically eligible analysis group was -12.5% (95% CI -27.0% to 1.9%); the difference between the control and …

Week 96 Results Of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide For Hiv Treatment In People With Substance Use Disorders, Joshua P. Havens, Sara Bares, Elizabeth Lyden, Nada A. Fadul, Susan Swindells

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

BACKGROUND: The BASE study (NCT03998176), a phase 4, 48-week (W), single-arm, prospective trial, revealed that the use of bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in people with HIV and substance use disorders (PWH/SUD) was safe and effective without emergent antiretroviral resistance despite incomplete adherence. Here, we present the W96 results.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of all participants enrolled in the BASE study was completed from W48 to W96. End points of interest at W96 included the proportion of participants with viral suppression (VS; HIV RNA < 50 copies/mL [c/mL]), incidence of protocol-defined virologic failure (PDVF; 2 consecutive ≥400 c/mL), safety, adherence (percentage of days covered [PDC]), retention in care, and prevalence of ongoing substance use.

RESULTS: All enrolled BASE participants (n = 43) were included in the W96 analysis. At W48, 21 participants …

Case Study: A Severe Presentation Of Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia., Revati Kalluri, Mari Kai

Books, Presentations, Posters, Etc.

Case Presentation: Chief Complaint •55-year-old male with history of COPD, current 1 pack/day smoker, and 2-month history of hypoxic respiratory failure presents with increased shortness of breath. History of Present Illness •Initially hospitalized for a motor vehicle collision with course complicated by acute hypoxic respiratory failure due to eosinophilic pneumonia and treated with a 14-day prednisone taper. •Few days after discharge, he represented with acute hypoxic respiratory failure thought to be from a COPD exacerbation and treated with a short steroid taper. •Now, represents few days later with continued tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension, and hypoxia.. Discussion: •Broad Differential including Pneumonia, Fat …

Understanding The Impact Of The Care Connect Washington Program, Hannah Cohen-Cline, Dan Fish, Taylor Doren, Abby Bush

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

No abstract provided.

Structural And Interpersonal Determinants Of Covid-19 Vaccine Uptake In Vulnerable Populations Of The United States, Alyea Wood

Capstone Showcase

Since its introduction in late 2020, the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine has had the lowest rates in marginalized populations like minorities, elderly, and those of low socioeconomic status. Decreased rates of vaccination uptake in these groups has resulted in increased burden of disease and subsequently higher rates of hospitalization and death. Many inequities in poor COVID-19 health outcomes can be explained by examining common predictive factors that determine vaccination rates in these United States populations. This special article research aims to explore these various predictive factors with the goal to provide targeted strategies to boost COVID-19 vaccination rates, especially …

Assessing Impact Of Molecular Diagnostics On Time To Optimal Antibiotic Therapy In Pediatric Staphylococcal Bacteremia, Manith Humchad, Kelly Williamson

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Timely optimization of antibiotic therapy is critical in pediatric patients with blood infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus. This retrospective study evaluated the impact of molecular diagnostics on time to optimal therapy and discontinuation of unnecessary antibiotics at Akron Children’s Hospital from January 2020 to April 2023. Patients with Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were more likely to be on appropriate empiric therapy (i.e. vancomycin) before culture results, whereas Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) cases were de-escalated to beta-lactams. The median time to optimal therapy was 3.7 hours for episodes of MSSA. Infectious Disease (ID) consultation significantly influenced antibiotic management, with …

Development Of A Proposed Selective Medium For The Isolation And Differentiation Of P. Sordellii, Dimyana Bottros

Honors Undergraduate Theses

Clostridium, a genus of anaerobic, spore-forming bacteria, includes clinically and ecologically significant species like Clostridium difficile and Paeniclostridium sordellii. C. difficile causes antibiotic-associated colitis, while P. sordellii is linked to fatal infections and spontaneous abortions. Recent studies found both species in marine sediments, suggesting their role in environmental and wildlife health disturbances, including the 2013 mass mortality of over 300 manatees in the Indian River Lagoon. However, isolating and differentiating P. sordellii is challenging due to the lack of selective media optimized for its growth. This thesis proposes a novel selective medium tailored to P. sordellii’s physiological …

Impact Of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Surveillance And Decolonization In The Nicu: The Texas Children’S Hospital Experience, Nahid Hiermandi, Catherine Foster, Judith Campbell, Krystal Purnell, Elizabeth Tocco, Tjin Koy, Kenneth Nobleza, Duc Nguyen, Lucila Marquez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of screening and decolonization on methicillin-resistant

STUDY DESIGN: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study comparing patient characteristics among MRSA-colonized and MRSA-infected infants, rates of MRSA infection before and after screening with targeted decolonization, and MRSA infection among those receiving single or combined decolonization agents.

SETTING: Texas Children's Hospital Pavilion for Women is a 42-bed level three neonatal intensive care units (NICU) in Houston, TX.

PATIENTS: Neonates admitted to the NICU from 2012 to 2022 were included in analysis of MRSA colonization and infection. The gestational age ranged from 22 weeks to 42 weeks.

INTERVENTIONS: …

Severe Malaria And Multi-Organ Failure, Abby Lindseth, Md, Stephen Yau, Md

Abstracts, Posters, Presentations

No abstract provided.

An Exploration Of Drivers Of Sepsis Outcomes In Racial & Ethnic Minority Populations, Providence Svmc Gme

Abstracts, Posters, Presentations

No abstract provided.

Morganella Morganii Meningitis In A Neonate: A Case Report, Madelin Vessels Pharmd Candiadate, Cassie Rough Pharmd Candidate, Robyn Schmucker Md, Mph, Norm Fenn Bcps, Bcpps

Parkview Pharmacy Department

Presented at Midyear Clinical Meeting

Objective: To summarize the interventions that took place to add to the limited data that exists in the world surrounding the treatment and outcomes of M. morganii infections.

Key takeaways: 

• M. morganii meningitis is highly rare in neonates
• There are no defined treatment guidelines or outcomes available to date
• Cefepime sufficiently treated M. morganii meningitis, bacteremia, and concurrent E. coli urinary tract infection

Challenges Faced In Managing The Hemodynamic Status Due To Recurrent Gastrointestinal Bleeding In Typhoid Fever With Uncorrected Double Outlet Right Ventricle Patient: A Case Report, Kellyn Trycia Zenjaya, Lindawati Wijoyo, Jovan Amadeo Muliyanto, Rizqi Rokhmadhoni Pikir, Dwi Putri Lestari, Esthy Poespitaningtyas

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

Double Outlet Right Ventricle (DORV) is a rare cyanotic congenital heart defect often associated with polycythemia and bleeding risk. A 7-year-old boy with uncorrected DORV presented with fever, melena, and shock. He was cyanotic, tachypneic, and tachycardic, with SpO₂ of 68% and a harsh ejection systolic murmur. Labs showed anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and prolonged APTT. Tubex TF IgM was strongly positive. A diagnosis of typhoid fever with gastrointestinal bleeding and uncorrected DORV was made. Management included oxygen, inotropes, and fluid resuscitation. Propranolol was withheld. Severe infection with underlying cyanotic heart disease and coagulopathy presents a critical management dilemma.

Association Of Non-Communicable Diseases With Severe Covid-19 Among People Living With And Without Diagnosed Hiv/Aids In New York State, Ravi Kumar Balu

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Background: People living with diagnosed HIV (PLWDH) have a higher chance of co-infections and co-morbidities than the general population. When SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in China in December 2019 and later declared a pandemic, it was speculated that PLWDH might be more prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease outcomes given their increased vulnerability to other respiratory infections like influenza, pneumococcal pneumonia and tuberculosis. However, several facets of COVID-19 disease in PLWDH are incompletely understood, including whether non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are strong risk factors for severe disease outcomes and death as they are in the general population.

Methods: The data …

Evaluation Of A Patient With A Severe Systemic Inflammatory Response To Nitrofurantoin, Brigitte Vanle, Timothy Beatty

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Nitrofurantoin is a prevalent antibiotic used to treat urinary tract infections. Despite nitrofurantoin’s general safety, it can cause serious side effects, including acute pulmonary toxicity, fulminant hepatitis, and severe systemic inflammatory responses, which may mimic conditions such as ischemia and infection. However, reports of acute systemic inflammatory response syndrome after nitrofurantoin ingestion are uncommon in medical literature.

Case Presentation

This case describes a severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome in an 85-year-old woman presenting with hypoxia, altered mental status, and profound leukocytosis after exposure to a single dose of nitrofurantoin.

Conclusion

Herein we report on a patient with suspected bacteremia …

Veillonella Discitis: A Rare Presentation And Review Of Literature, Akankcha Alok, Vidya Sagar Kollu, Gautam Kalyatanda

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Veillonella is an anaerobic gram-negative coccus found as a commensal organism in the oral, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary tract of humans. Rarely, it can cause serious infections by the production of lipopolysaccharide, an endotoxin. Although most Veillonella infections occur in immunocompromised individuals, we herein describe cases of Veillonella discitis, a rare presentation of Veillonella, in immunocompetent patients.

Case Presentation

The first presented case was encountered in a patient admitted at our facility. All patient data were obtained from the hospital's electronic medical record system. Thereafter, a literature search and subsequent review was done on PubMed with the MEDLINE …