Consistent Prebiotic Effect On Gut Microbiota With Altered Fodmap Intake In Patients With Crohn's Disease: A Randomised, Controlled Cross-Over Trial Of Well-Defined Diets, 2016 Edith Cowan University
Consistent Prebiotic Effect On Gut Microbiota With Altered Fodmap Intake In Patients With Crohn's Disease: A Randomised, Controlled Cross-Over Trial Of Well-Defined Diets, Emma P. Halmos, Claus T. Christophersen, Anthony R. Bird, Susan J. Shepherd, Jane G. Muir, Peter R. Gibson
Research outputs 2014 to 2021
OBJECTIVES:
Altering FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols) intake has substantial effects on gut microbiota. This study aimed to investigate effects of altering FODMAP intake on markers of colonic health in patients with Crohn’s disease.
METHODS:
After evaluation of their habitual diet, 9 patients with clinically quiescent Crohn’s disease were randomised to 21 days of provided low or typical (“Australian”) FODMAP diets with ≥ 21-day washout in between. Five-day fecal samples were collected at the end of each diet and analyzed for calprotectin, pH, short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and bacterial abundance. Gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded daily.
RESULTS:
Eight participants …
Interleukin 10 Restores Gastric Emptying, Electrical Activity, And Interstitial Cells Of Cajal Networks In Diabetic Mice, 2015 Liberty University
Interleukin 10 Restores Gastric Emptying, Electrical Activity, And Interstitial Cells Of Cajal Networks In Diabetic Mice, Anthony J. Bauer
Anthony Bauer
Recommendations For The Development Of New Hospital Guidelines Due To The Effects Of Antibiotics On Clostridium Difficile Colitis, 2015 Western Michigan University
Recommendations For The Development Of New Hospital Guidelines Due To The Effects Of Antibiotics On Clostridium Difficile Colitis, Megan Kohsel
Honors Theses
Clostridium difficile colitis is an infection that causes inflammation of the colon and diarrhea. This can even lead to death in some cases. The incidence of this infection and its overall effects have been on the rise throughout the last twenty years as antibiotics have been prescribed more frequently. Therefore, it is necessary that the rate of C. difficile infection is lowered by improved guidelines for hospitals, so that fewer people are infected and also that fewer antibiotics are prescribed to avoid the infection with C. difficle.
A Comparison Of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between Indoor Cats And Outdoor Cats, 2015 Western Michigan University
A Comparison Of Gastrointestinal Bacterial Population Between Indoor Cats And Outdoor Cats, Farhana Binti Ikmal Hisham
Honors Theses
This study used fecal samples from four indoor cats and four indoor-outdoor cats in order to identify the microbial communities in the gut of cats. This information was then used to compare the microbial phyla between both groups for any differences. Total microbial DNA was isolated from each fecal sample, and the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq high throughput method. The sequences were identified using the bioinformatics program mothur. The results show that indoor cats had a more diverse microbial community as compared to outdoor cats. Indoor cat samples had 26% more microbial species, and eight more …
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patient With Crohn’S Disease: Incidental Or Expected Outcome Of Azathioprine?, 2015 Marshall University
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patient With Crohn’S Disease: Incidental Or Expected Outcome Of Azathioprine?, Youssef Botros, Mary Mathews, Hiren Patel, Nihar Shah Md, Walid Baddoura, Andrew De La Torre
Gastroenterology
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs in patients with underlying risk factors such as liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B. Although patients with Crohn's disease (CD) are at an increased risk to develop malignancies such as colon cancer, the incidence of HCC in this population is extremely rare. We report a case of 62-year-old male with long history of CD treated with azathioprine (AZA) and aminosalicylic acid (ASA) who was incidentally diagnosed with HCC, for which left hepatectomy was done. Four years later during routine follow-up, patient had another hepatic lesion and underwent resection of the mass. The mechanism of occurrence …
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patient With Crohn's Disease: Incidental Or Expected Outcome Of Azathioprine?, 2015 Marshall University
Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma In Patient With Crohn's Disease: Incidental Or Expected Outcome Of Azathioprine?, Youssef Botros, Mary Mathews, Hiren Patel, Nihar Shah Md, Walid Baddoura, Andrew De La Torre
Gastroenterology
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually occurs in patients with underlying risk factors such as liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis B. Although patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) are at an increased risk to develop malignancies such as colon cancer, the incidence of HCC in this population is extremely rare. We report a case of 62-year-old male with long history of CD treated with azathioprine (AZA) and aminosalicylic acid (ASA) who was incidentally diagnosed with HCC, for which left hepatectomy was done. Four years later during routine follow-up, patient had another hepatic lesion and underwent resection of the mass. The mechanism of occurrence …
A Cytosolic Multiprotein Complex Containing P85Α Is Required For Β-Catenin Activation In Colitis And Colitis-Associated Cancer, 2015 University of Kentucky
A Cytosolic Multiprotein Complex Containing P85Α Is Required For Β-Catenin Activation In Colitis And Colitis-Associated Cancer, Tatiana Goretsky, Emily M. Bradford, Hyunji Ryu, Maryam Tahir, Mary Pat Moyer, Tianyan Gao, Linheng Li, Terrence A. Barrett
Internal Medicine Faculty Publications
Wnt/β-catenin signaling is required for crypt structure maintenance. We previously observed nuclear accumulation of Ser-552 phosphorylated β-catenin (pβ-CatSer-552) in intestinal epithelial cells (IEC) during colitis and colitis-associated cancer. Data here delineate a novel multiprotein cytosolic complex (MCC) involved in β-catenin signaling in the intestine. The MCC contains p85α, the class IA subunit of PI3K, along with β-catenin, 14-3-3ζ, Akt, and p110α. MCC levels in IEC increase in colitis and colitis-associated cancer patients. IEC-specific p85α-deficient (p85ΔIEC) mice develop more severe dextran sodium …
Detection Of Genetic And Epigenetic Dna Markers In Urine For The Early Detection Of Primary And Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma, 2015 Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
Detection Of Genetic And Epigenetic Dna Markers In Urine For The Early Detection Of Primary And Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Hie-Won Hann, Surbhi Jain, Ting-Tsung Chang, Chi-Tan Hu, Selena Lin, Wei Song, Ying-Hsiu Su
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Posters
Poster presented at American Association of the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD) meeting in San Francisco California.
Objective:
Develop a urine test using a panel of select genetic and epigenetic markers for the early detection of primary and recurrent HCC.
Introduction:
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) or liver cancer is an aggressive disease and one of the fastest growing cancers by incidence in the United States. Early detection is the key for effective treatment of HCC as the 5-year survival rate is 26% in early stage HCC as compared to only 2% when found after spreading to distant organs. The current marker, …
A Rare Cause Of Obscure Occult Gastrointestinal Bleeding, 2015 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital
A Rare Cause Of Obscure Occult Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Haroon Shahid, Md, Jason Korenblit, Md, Mba
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND
- Obscure gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is defined as persistent or recurrent GI bleeding after negative evaluations with upper endoscopy and colonoscopy.
- Accounts for approximately 5% of GI bleeding.
- Obscure GI bleeding can further be classified as being overt or occult.
-Overt GI bleeding is clinically evident, with either hematemesis, hematochezia, or melena.
-Occult GI bleeding manifests as iron deficiency anemia or a positive fecal occult blood test.
- Our case demonstrates a rare cause of obscure occult GI bleeding.
Attempted Salvage Therapy Through Initiation Of Vedolizumab As An Inpatient In Two Patients With Refractory Active Ulcerative Colitis, 2015 Lehigh Valley Health Network
Attempted Salvage Therapy Through Initiation Of Vedolizumab As An Inpatient In Two Patients With Refractory Active Ulcerative Colitis, Matthew Sullivan Do, Paola Blanco Md, Shashin Shah Md, Hiral N. Shah Md
Department of Medicine
No abstract provided.
In The Groove: A Case Series Of Groove Pancreatitis, 2015 Lehigh Valley Health Network
In The Groove: A Case Series Of Groove Pancreatitis, Matthew Sullivan Do, Jeffrey Brodsky Md, Shashin Shah Md, Hiral N. Shah Md
Department of Medicine
No abstract provided.
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 With Ampullary Somatostatinoma, Small Bowel Gists, And Extra-Adrenal Composite Pheochromocytoma-Ganglioneuroma, 2015 Lehigh Valley Health Network
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 With Ampullary Somatostatinoma, Small Bowel Gists, And Extra-Adrenal Composite Pheochromocytoma-Ganglioneuroma, Patrick Hickey Do, Rohit Sharma Md, Shanth A. Goonewardene Md, Shashin Shah Md, Hiral N. Shah Md
Department of Medicine
No abstract provided.
Primary Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With Colon Metastases After Esophagectomy, 2015 Lehigh Valley Health Network
Primary Esophageal Adenocarcinoma With Colon Metastases After Esophagectomy, Bonnie Patek Do, Hiral N. Shah Md, Shashin Shah Md
Department of Medicine
No abstract provided.
The Trial Of Calcium And Vitamin D For The Prevention Of Colorectal Adenomas, 2015 Dartmouth College
The Trial Of Calcium And Vitamin D For The Prevention Of Colorectal Adenomas, John A. Baron, Elizabeth L. Barry, Leila A. Mott, Judy R. Rees
Dartmouth Scholarship
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic and preclinical data suggest that higher intake and serum levels of vitamin D and higher intake of calcium reduce the risk of colorectal neoplasia. To further study the chemopreventive potential of these nutrients, we conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of supplementation with vitamin D, calcium, or both for the prevention of colorectal adenomas. METHODS We recruited patients with recently diagnosed adenomas and no known colorectal polyps remaining after complete colonoscopy. We randomly assigned 2259 participants to receive daily vitamin D3 (1000 IU), calcium as carbonate (1200 mg), both, or neither in a partial 2Å~2 factorial design. Women …
Investigation Of Potential Early Histologic Markers Of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, 2015 Children's Mercy Hospital
Investigation Of Potential Early Histologic Markers Of Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Julie A. Bass, Craig A. Friesen, Amanda D. Deacy, Nancy Neilan, Julia M. Bracken, Valentina Shakhnovich, Vivekanand Singh
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
© 2015 Bass et al. Background: Early manifestations of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be relatively nonspecific. Initial mucosal biopsies may not be conclusive, delaying the diagnosis until subsequent biopsies demonstrate typical histologic features of IBD. We hypothesized that certain inflammatory cell types may be utilized as early histologic indicators of IBD in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis compared histologic findings from initially inconclusive or negative endoscopic studies in 22 patients who were subsequently diagnosed with IBD (after diagnostic endoscopy) to those of 20 comparison patients with functional abdominal pain matched for age, gender, and study type. A pediatric …
Increased Number Of Circulating Exosomes And Their Microrna Cargos Are Potential Novel Biomarkers In Alcoholic Hepatitis, 2015 University of Massachusetts Medical School
Increased Number Of Circulating Exosomes And Their Microrna Cargos Are Potential Novel Biomarkers In Alcoholic Hepatitis, Fatemeh Momen-Heravi, Banishree Saha, Karen Kodys, Donna Catalano, Abhishek Satishchandran, Gyongyi Szabo
Gyongyi Szabo
BACKGROUND: It has been well documented that alcohol and its metabolites induce injury and inflammation in the liver. However, there is no potential biomarker to monitor the extent of liver injury in alcoholic hepatitis patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that are involved in various physiologic and pathologic processes. In the circulation, a great proportion of miRNAs is associated with extracellular vesicles (EVs)/exosomes. Here, we hypothesized that the exosome-associated miRNAs can be used as potential biomarkers in alcoholic hepatitis (AH).
METHODS: Exosomes were isolated from sera of alcohol-fed mice or pair-fed mice, and plasma of alcoholic hepatitis …
Multiple Intussusceptions Associated With Polycythemia In An Anabolic Steroid Abuser , A Case Report And Literature Review, 2015 Marshall University
Multiple Intussusceptions Associated With Polycythemia In An Anabolic Steroid Abuser , A Case Report And Literature Review, Y. Cavanagh, Nihar Shah Md, A. B. Thomas, A. Gupta
Gastroenterology
Intussusceptions are generally associated with mechanical lead points or localized inflammation that function as foci for intestinal telescoping. We present the case of a patient whose abuse of anabolic steroids resulted in the development of multiple simultaneous intussusceptions. Our patient had no additional identifiable risk factors for intussusception. Consistent with previous reports, corticosteroid induced polycythemia and its consequent hyperviscosity led to intravascular sludging and mesenteric ischemia with associated bowel wall thickening. The localized intestinal induration then served as mechanical foci for intussusception. Due to the illicit nature of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse, the physiologic effects of supraphysiologic doses are …
Hereditary Hemochromatosis., 2015 Aga Khan University
Hereditary Hemochromatosis., Om Parkash, Muhammad Akram
Department of Medicine
Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory features of hereditary hemochromatosis associated liver disease in a tertiary care hospital.
Study Design: Observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: The Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, from January 2002 to October 2012.
Methodology: Charts of patients with Hereditary Hemochromatosis (HHC) were reviewed. Data collected and analyzedconsisting of clinical presentations, liver function tests, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, hepatic imaging and histologyin patients with HHC.
Results: A total of 22 patients were identified as having hemochromatosis. All subjects were men with a mean age of 53 ± 9.2 years at the time of diagnosis. …
Pathogen-Specific Burdens Of Community Diarrhoea In Developing Countries: A Multisite Birth Cohort Study (Mal-Ed), 2015 Aga Khan University
Pathogen-Specific Burdens Of Community Diarrhoea In Developing Countries: A Multisite Birth Cohort Study (Mal-Ed), Sadia Shakoor, Shahida Qureshi, Furqan Kabir, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Imran Ahmed, Didar Alam, Syed Asad Ali, Muneera Rasheed, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Ali Turab, Aisha Khizar Yousafzai
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Background: Most studies of the causes of diarrhoea in low-income and middle-income countries have looked at severe disease in people presenting for care, and there are few estimates of pathogen-specific diarrhoea burdens in the community.
Methods: We undertook a birth cohort study with not only intensive community surveillance for diarrhoea but also routine collection of non-diarrhoeal stools from eight sites in South America, Africa, and Asia. We enrolled children within 17 days of birth, and diarrhoeal episodes (defined as maternal report of three or more loose stools in 24 h, or one loose stool with visible blood) were identified through …
Proton Pump Inhibitors And Corticosteroids As Synergistic Risk Factors For Candida Esophagitis, 2015 Marshall University
Proton Pump Inhibitors And Corticosteroids As Synergistic Risk Factors For Candida Esophagitis, Nihar Shah Md, Yana Cavanagh, Oleg Shulik, Pooja Patel, Vincent A. Debari, Walid Baddoura
Gastroenterology
Abstract:
Introduction: Inhaled & systemic steroids are one of the well-documented risks factors for Candida esophagitis. However, the role of gastric acid suppression remains controversial.
Methods:
We conducted a retrospective case-control study of 420 patients consisting of 84 cases of Candida esophagitis and 336 matched controls. Our cohort was gathered from subjects evaluated from 2001 to 2012. The diagnosis of Candida esophagitis was based on endoscopic and/or histological criteria.
Results:
On univariate analysis, proton pump inhibitors were associated with higher risk (OR = 2.14; 95 % CI: 1.30 to 3.54); steroid use also increased the risk (OR = 3.55; 95% …