Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

Study Of The Insulin Mimetic Sodium Orthovanadate In Glucosamine Induced Insulin Resistnace In Primary Rat Hepatocytes, Kalan Mcpherson

Masters Theses

Insulin resistance and type II diabetes is a disease state characterized by a lack of sensitivity of insulin to provoke a proper response in insulin sensitive tissues. Currently, we utilize glucosamine to increase flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to induce an insulin resistance like state in primary rat hepatocytes. We tested the effectiveness of the insulin mimetic sodium orthovanadate to determine if it could elicit an insulin-like response under these conditions. Mixed results were obtained on the effectiveness of vanadate as an insulin mimetic in this insulin resistant model.

Personal And Relationship Challenges Of Adults With Type 1 Diabetes, Paula M. Trief Phd, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Jacqueline A. Dimmock Phd, Patricia J. Forken Ba, Ruth S. Weinstock Md, Phd

Faculty Publications

Little is known about the psychosocial challenges of adults living with type 1 diabetes or its impact on partner relationships. This qualitative study was undertaken to gain better understanding of these issues.

Elevated Chemerin Levels In Pakistani Men: An Interrelation With Metabolic Syndrome Phenotypes, Syeda Sadia Fatima, Kiymet Bozaoglu, Rehana Rehman, Faiza Alam, Abdul Shakoor Memon

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Chemerin is a novel protein linked to adipocyte differentiation and the development of metabolic imbalances. We sought to examine the relationship of chemerin with metabolic syndrome disturbances including body fat percentage, serum lipid, glucose, insulin levels and body fat percentage in lean and obese volunteers. A cross-sectional study of 90 randomly selected healthy males from Pakistan were divided into three groups as per Body Mass Index (BMI) criteria for South Asian Population. Anthropometric measurements were taken for BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference and body fat percentage, while serum analyses were performed for fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, fasting lipid profile …

Estimation Of Total Body Skeletal Muscle Mass In Chinese Adults: Prediction Model By Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry, Xinyu Zhao, Zimian Wang, Junyi Zhang, Jianming Hua, Wei He, Shankuan Zhu

Publications and Research

Background: There are few reports on total body skeletal muscle mass (SM) in Chinese. The objective of this study is to establish a prediction model of SM for Chinese adults.

Methodology: Appendicular lean soft tissue (ALST) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and SM by magnetic resonance image (MRI) in 66 Chinese adults (52 men and 14 women). Images of MRI were segmented into compartments including intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and IMAT-free SM. Regression was used to fit the prediction model SM~czk|ALST. Age and gender were adjusted in the fitted model. The piece-wise linear function was performed to …

Screening Diabetic And Hypertensive Patients For Ocular Pathology Using Telemedicine Technology In Rural West Virginia: A Retrospective Chart Review, Rezwan Ahmed Md, Stephen M. Petrany, Russell Fry Ii, Michael Krasnow Do, Phd

Internal Medicine

Abstract: Purpose: There is a disparity between the number of people who need healthcare and availability of medical services in rural areas. This paper describes the experience of using telemedicine technologies for ophthalmologic evaluation in diabetic and hypertensive patients presenting to a community health center in rural West Virginia.

Methods: A registered nurse at a community health center in McDowell County, WV was trained to use a retinal camera to capture high-resolution digital images of the retina. Patients with diabetes or hypertension were screened during their routine primary care visits. Retinal photos were transmitted to an ophthalmologist for review and …

‘What’S In The Niddk Cdr?’—Public Query Tools For The Niddk Central Data Repository, Huaqin Pan, Mary-Anne Ardini, Vesselina Bakalov, Michael Delatte, Paul Eggers, Laxminarayana Ganapathi, Craig R. Hollingsworth, Joshua Levy, Sheping Li, Joseph Pratt, Norma Pugh, Ying Qin, Rebekah Rasooly, Helen Ray, Jean E. Richardson, Amanda Flynn Riley, Susan M. Rogers, Sylvia Tan, Charles F. Turner, Stacie White, Philip C. Cooley

Publications and Research

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive Disease (NIDDK) Central Data Repository (CDR) is a web-enabled resource available to researchers and the general public. The CDR warehouses clinical data and study documentation from NIDDK funded research, including such landmark studies as The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT, 1983–93) and the Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC, 1994–present) follow-up study which has been ongoing for more than 20 years. The CDR also houses data from over 7 million biospecimens representing 2 million subjects. To help users explore the vast amount of data stored in the NIDDK CDR, we developed …

Blood Glucose Responses To Type, Intensity, Duration, And Timing Of Exercise, Sheri R. Colberg, Manuel J. Hernandez, Fatima Shahzad

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

[First Paragraph] The Big Blue Test (BBT) is an annual initiative by the Diabetes Hands Foundation to raise awareness of the importance of physical activity in managing diabetes. Individuals with diabetes voluntarily exercise and record self-monitored blood glucose levels. During the 2012 BBT, 5,157 diabetic participants (~90% insulin users) anonymously entered exercise type, intensity, duration, time elapsed since last meal, and blood glucose readings before and after one or more bouts of exercise separately through www.BigBlueTest.org or an Iphone app.

Implementation And Evaluation Of A Low Health Literacy And Culturally Sensitive Diabetes Education Program (Poster), Deborah Swavely Dnp, Rn, Allison Vorderstrasse Dnsc, Aprn, Edgardo Maldonado Md, Sherrine Eid Mph, Jeffrey Etchason Md

Department of Community Health and Health Studies

No abstract provided.

Melatonin Supplementation Improves Glycemic Control While Lowering Oxidative Stress In Type 2 Diabetes, Carmine R. Grieco, Sheri R. Colberg, C. Thomas Somma, Andrew G. Thompson, Aaron I. Vinik

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of melatonin on glycemic control and oxidative stress (OS) in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Fourteen subjects with T2D (10 female, 4 male; 52.5 ± 5.0 years) were randomly assigned to melatonin (MEL) or placebo groups (PLA) for 42 days, in a crossover design. Subjects ingested 10 mg of MEL or an identical placebo (PLA) 30 minutes prior to sleep. Fasting blood draws occurred at baseline, 42 days, and 84 days. Plasma malondialdehyde, a marker of OS, significantly decreased on MEL (-6.25±2.10 nmol/ml) compared to PLA (0.72±3.30, p=0.028). The …

The Big Blue Test: Effects Of 14 Minutes Of Physical Activity On Blood Glucose Levels, Sheri R. Colberg, Manuel J. Hernandez

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

[First paragraph] For most with diabetes, physical activity has a blood glucose lowering effect (1). Hypoglycemia (i.e., blood glucose < 65 mg/dL) resulting from exercise is a concern, particularly for insulin users (2).

Prescribing Physical Activity To Prevent And Manage Gestational Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg, Kristin Castorino, Lois Jovanovič

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most prevalent metabolic disorder during pregnancy. Women diagnosed with GDM have a substantially greater risk of developing type 2 diabetes within 5-10 years after delivery, and the risk is increased by excess body weight. Uncontrolled hyperglycemia during pregnancy is potentially harmful to both mother and fetus, resulting in a greater need for Caesarian-section deliveries, delivery of larger infants with more excess body fat, a greater risk of infant death and stillbirth, and an elevated risk of infant hypoglycemia immediately after birth. Fortunately, engaging in physical activity prior to and during pregnancy may lower the …

Lipid Targets In Clinical Practice: Successes, Failures And Lessons To Be Learned, M Dunne, Oscar Mac Ananey, V Maher

Articles

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Optimal risk factor control is integral to managing patients with proven coronary heart disease (CHD+) and for those at risk of coronary heart disease (CHD-). The primary aim of the study was to assess the success rate of reaching lipid risk factor targets in a multiple risk factor clinic.

METHODS:

A retrospective audit was conducted in 488 patients (CHD+, n = 112; CHD-, n = 376) who attended the Cardiovascular Risk Factor Clinic at Tallaght Hospital, Dublin in 2009 and 2010.

RESULTS:

Risk factor targets achieved in CHD+ and CHD- patients were LDLc (54/62 %), HDLc (67/67 %), …

Is The Use Of Honey An Effective Dressing Option For The Treatment Of Diabetic Foot Ulcers?, Michelle A. Wimmer

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether or not honey could be used as an effective topical treatment for diabetic foot ulcers in diabetic patients.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three primary journal articles published in English between the years of 2008 and 2010.

DATA SOURCES: Two Randomized Controlled Trials comparing honey as a treatment for diabetic foot ulcers to either previous failed treatments or Povidone Iodine Solution, and a pilot prospective study, exploring the effectiveness of PEDYPHAR a royal jelly ointment. All articles were found using Pubmed, OVID and Cochrane Database.

OUTCOMES MEASURED …

Is High Dose Radioactive Iodine-131 More Effective Than Low Dose Iodine-131 In The Therapy Of Patients With Hyperthyroidism?, Tyler L. Warnecke

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not high dose radioactive iodine-131 is more effective than low dose iodine-131 in the therapy of patients with hyperthyroidism.

STUDY DESIGN: The review included three primary English language studies that were peer reviewed articles published in 2003, 2010 and 2011.

DATA SOURCES: This paper evaluates three randomized control trials (one prospective randomized and two comparative randomized) looking at the effectiveness of high dose and low dose radioactive iodine-131 for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Each study examined patients being treated with high …

Adolescent Athletes With Type 1 Diabetes: Experiences With Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion, Regina Tow

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Adolescent athletes with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) face unique challenges when compared to peers with and without diabetes. Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) provides a method of insulin delivery that can enhance flexibility in insulin regimens and lifestyle that may be especially appealing to the adolescent athlete. No studies have explored the impact of athletics in this population. This descriptive qualitative study explored and described the experiences of adolescent athletes using CSII as their primary insulin delivery method, with a focus on athletic participation and performance.

The purposeful sample consisted of four adolescent athletes, ages 13 to 15 years with …

Is Bisphenol-A Exposure During Pregnancy Associated With Blood Glucose Levels Or Diagnosis Of Gestational Diabetes?, Candace A. Robledo, Jennifer D. Peck, Julie A. Stoner, Hélène Carabin, Linda Cowan, Holger M. Koch, Jean R. Goodman

School of Medicine Publications

Recent epidemiological studies indicate bisphenol A (BPA), an estrogenic chemical used in production of epoxy, polycarbonate, and plastic may increase risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Exposure to BPA during pregnancy may contribute to development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a precursor to type 2 diabetes in women. This pilot study examined the association between BPA exposure, fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), and GDM diagnosis during pregnancy. Banked urine samples from 22 cases of GDM and 72 controls were analyzed for total (free BPA + conjugates) urinary BPA concentrations (μg/L). FBG levels (mg/dl) were obtained from 1-h 50-g …

Ethnic And Gender Differences In Psychosocial Factors In Native Hawaiian, Other Pacific Islanders, And Asian American Adults With Type 2 Diabetes, Jillian Inouye, Dongmei Li, James Davis, Richard Arakaki

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

This study examined the differences between 207 Asians and Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) with type 2 diabetes among various psychosocial measures. Responses to five multivariable regression models including the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire (DQOL) and Short Form -36® Health Survey (SF-36) were analyzed. Differences were determined by linear contrasts in the multivariate linear regression models after adjusted for multiple demographic and socioeconomic variables. Compared to Asians, NHOPIs perceived a lower impact of diabetes on their quality of life; highlighting differences in perceptions of self-efficacy and self-care activities. Females did better on their diet while males perceived better …

Effects Of Exercise On Ampk Signaling And Downstream Components To Pi3k In Rat With Type 2 Diabetes, Shicheng Cao, Bowen Li, Xuejie Yi, Bo Chang, Beibei Zhu, Zhenzhen Lian, Zhaoran Zhang, Gang Zhao, Huili Liu, He Zhang

Barnstable Brown Diabetes Center Faculty Publications

Exercise can increase skeletal muscle sensitivity to insulin, improve insulin resistance and regulate glucose homeostasis in rat models of type 2 diabetes. However, the potential mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we established a male Sprague-Dawley rat model of type 2 diabetes, with insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction, which was induced by a high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin to replicate the pathogenesis and metabolic characteristics of type 2 diabetes in humans. We also investigated the possible mechanism by which chronic and acute exercise improves metabolism, and the phosphorylation and expression of components of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and …

Transfusion Of Cxcr4-Primed Endothelial Progenitor Cells Reduces Cerebral Ischemic Damage And Promotes Repair In Db/Db Diabetic Mice, Ji Chen, Jianying Chen, Shuzhen Chen, Cheng Zhang, Liangqing Zhang, Xiang Xiao, Avik Das, Yuhui Zhao, Bin Yuan, Mariana Morris, Bin Zhao, Yanfang Chen

Pharmacology and Toxicology Faculty Publications

This study investigated the role of stromal cell-derived factor-1α (SDF-1α)/CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis in brain and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and explored the efficacy of CXCR4 primed EPCs in treating ischemic stroke in diabetes. The db/db diabetic and db/+ mice were used in this study. Levels of plasma SDF-1α and circulating CD34+CXCR4+ cells were measured. Brain SDF-1α and CXCR4 expression were quantified at basal and after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In in vitro study, EPCs were transfected with adenovirus carrying null (Ad-null) or CXCR4 (Ad-CXCR4) followed with high glucose (HG) treatment for 4 days. For pathway block …

Selective Screening Of Type 2 Diabetes For Washoe County’S Hispanic Population, Linda M. Dunn

Nevada Journal of Public Health

Hispanic Americans with unrecognized, asymptomatic diabetes are more likely to experience poor quality of life and diabetic complications such as heart, eye and kidney disease than non-Hispanic whites of similar age. Multiple factors, such as cultural beliefs, lack of knowledge and limited access to health care, contribute to the fact that one-third of total diabetes among Hispanic Americans is undiagnosed. For Washoe County, Nevada, the actual percentage of adult Hispanics with diabetes may be almost 12%. In 2003, the Defeat Diabetes Screening Project provided three screenings targeting the Hispanic population in Reno and Sparks. Seventy-one percent of 348 screened were …