Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

Seasonality Of Children's Height And Weight And Their Contribution To Accelerated Summer Weight Gain, Jennette P Moreno, Salma Musaad, Hafza Dadabhoy, Tom Baranowski, Stephanie J Crowley, Debbe Thompson, Tzuan A Chen, Craig A Johnston

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Validation Of The Family Health Behavior Scale For The Brazilian Population, Luiza Tweedie Preto, Camila H Scarpatto, Laura Lessa Gaudie Ley, Carolina Silveira, Margareth Rodrigues Salerno, Jennette Palcic Moreno, Stela Maris De Jezus Castro, Linda Booij, Rita Mattiello

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: To validate the Family Health Behavior Scale (FHBS) for Brazilian families.

Methods: The sample included 272 children aged 5 to 12 years old. Caregivers and their healthy answered the FHBS and questions about physical activity. In addition, anthropometric measurements of the children's weight and height were performed, as well as the bioimpedance exam. The scale was translated and the following validities were assessed: content (qualitative analysis and content validity index), construct (factor analysis) and concurrent validity (difference between domains and the total score with the categories of BMI, fat percentage and physical activity). Reliability (Cronbach's alpha, ceiling-floor effect, two-half …

Gabra5 Plays A Sexually Dimorphic Role In Pomc Neuron Activity And Glucose Balance, Zhou Pei, Yang He, Jonathan C Bean, Yongjie Yang, Hailan Liu, Meng Yu, Kaifan Yu, Ilirjana Hyseni, Xing Cai, Hesong Liu, Na Qu, Longlong Tu, Kristine M Conde, Mengjie Wang, Yongxiang Li, Na Yin, Nan Zhang, Junying Han, Camille Hs Potts, Nikolas A Scarcelli, Zili Yan, Pingwen Xu, Qi Wu, Yanlin He, Yong Xu, Chunmei Wang

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons are important for the regulation of body weight and glucose balance. The inhibitory tone to POMC neurons is mediated primarily by the GABA receptors. However, the detailed mechanisms and functions of GABA receptors are not well understood. The α5 subunit of GABAA receptor, Gabra5, is reported to regulate feeding, and we found that Gabra5 is highly expressed in POMC neurons. To explore the function of Gabra5 in POMC neurons, we knocked down Gabra5 specifically from mature hypothalamic POMC neurons using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 strategy. This POMC-specific knock-down of Gabra5 did not affect …

Associations Of Prenatal Phthalate Exposure With Neurobehavioral Outcomes In 45- And 75-Month-Old Infants, Jenna L N Sprowles, Kelsey L C Dzwilewski, Francheska M Merced-Nieves, Salma M A Musaad, Susan L Schantz, Sarah D Geiger

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Phthalates are ubiquitous endocrine-disrupting chemicals, and research indicates that prenatal exposure to some phthalates may affect neurodevelopment. In a prospective birth cohort study, five first-morning urine samples collected across pregnancy were pooled and the following phthalate biomarkers assessed: sum of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (ΣDEHP), sum of diisononyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDINP), sum of dibutyl phthalate metabolites (ΣDBP), sum of anti-androgenic metabolites (ΣAA), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), and sum of all phthalate metabolites (ΣAll). The Ages & Stages Questionnaires® (ASQ), a standardized parent-reported, age-adapted screening tool, measured communication, personal-social, problem solving, and motor domains in infants at 4.5 and 7.5 months (n = …

Tissue-Specific Mechanisms Of Bile Acid Homeostasis And Activation Of Fxr-Fgf19 Signaling In Preterm And Term Neonatal Pigs, Caitlin Vonderohe, Greg Guthrie, Barbara Stoll, Shaji Chacko, Harry Dawson, Douglas G Burrin

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The tissue-specific molecular mechanisms involved in perinatal liver and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR)-fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) signaling are poorly defined. Our aim was to establish how gestational age and feeding status affect bile acid synthesis pathway, bile acid pool size, ileal response to bile acid stimulation, genes involved in bile acid-FXR-FGF19 signaling and plasma FGF19 in neonatal pigs. Term (n = 23) and preterm (n = 33) pigs were born via cesarean section at 100% and 90% gestation, respectively. Plasma FGF19, hepatic bile acid and oxysterol profiles, and FXR target gene expression were assessed in pigs …

The Neighborhood Environment And Hispanic/Latino Health, Natalia I Heredia, Tianlin Xu, Minjae Lee, Lorna H Mcneill, Belinda M Reininger

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Hispanic/Latino adults on the Texas-Mexico border have high rates of chronic disease. Neighborhoods can influence health, though there is a limited research on neighborhood environment and health in Hispanics/Latinos. The purpose of this study was to assess the relation of neighborhood environment with health variables in Hispanic/Latino adults, including physical activity [PA], depression, anxiety, and lab-assessed conditions (type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and chronic inflammation).

METHODS: Participants were randomly-selected from a Hispanic/Latino cohort on the Texas-Mexico border. Neighborhood environment, self-reported PA, anxiety, and depression were assessed through questionnaires. Laboratory values determined Type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and C-reactive protein …

Risk Of Developing Alzheimer's Disease And Related Dementias In Association With Cardiovascular Disease, Stroke, Hypertension, And Diabetes In A Large Cohort Of Women With Breast Cancer And With Up To 26 Years Of Follow-Up, Xianglin L Du, Lulu Song, Paul E Schulz, Hua Xu, Wenyaw Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: No study on the long-term incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADRD) has been reported in women with breast cancer by vascular diseases.

OBJECTIVE: to determine the risk of ADRD in association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, hypertension, and diabetes in women with breast cancer.

METHODS: Study identified 246,686 women diagnosed with breast cancer at age≥65 years in 1991-2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked database. Women were free of ADRD at the time of cancer diagnosis and followed from 1991 to 2016.

RESULTS: Cumulative incidence of AD over 26 years of follow-up varied …

An Asian Case Of Combined 17Α-Hydroxylase/17,20-Lyase Deficiency Due To Homozygous Pr96q Mutation: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature, Qian Liao, Rufei Shen, Mingyu Liao, Chenxi Ran, Ling Zhou, Yuling Zhang, Guiliang Peng, Zheng Sun, Hongting Zheng, Min Long

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Background: Combined 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase deficiency (17-OHD) is a very rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) caused by mutations in the CYP17A1 gene. Almost 100 different mutations of the CYP17A1 gene have been reported, including p.R96Q mutation, but no case of p.R96Q mutation has been described in Asian populations.

Case presentation: We describe a 22-year-old female patient of 46,XY karyotype, who presented with pseudohermaphrodism, primary amenorrhea, underdeveloped secondary sexual characteristics, delayed epiphyseal healing, hypertension, and hypokalemia. The diagnosis of 17-OHD was reached by measurement of steroid hormones and abdominal CT scan and confirmed by genetic sequencing, which revealed a homozygous p.R96Q …

Family Diabetes Camp Amidst Covid-19: A Community Of Practice Model, Eddie Hill, Rowan Williams, Justin Haegele, Ron Ramsing, Bethany Arrington, Laura Hill

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Studies have found that youth are experiencing higher anxiety levels than prior to COVID-19, and youth with type 1 diabetes are at higher risk. Medical specialty camps are a type of camp that provide opportunities for youth with chronic illnesses to share common goals, increase socialization, improve camper well-being, and increase knowledge of diabetes management. The program evaluation sought to determine the impact of a campers’ outcomes of independence and perceived competence and familial impact during COVID-19. Over half the participants were at their first diabetes camp and 71% of the campers felt their perceived competence “increased a little bit” …

Why Glucagon Matters For Hypoglycemia And Physical Activity In Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes, Sheri R. Colberg

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Editorial: The Role Of The Igf Axis In Tumorigenesis And Cancer Treatment: From Genes To Metabolites, Guo Mengzhe, Xie Shanshan, Zhao Di, Wu Shihua

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Distal-Less Homeobox Genes Dlx5/6 Regulate Müllerian Duct Regression, Rachel D Mullen, Brice Bellessort, Giovanni Levi, Richard R Behringer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Dlx5 and Dlx6 encode distal-less homeodomain transcription factors that are present in the genome as a linked pair at a single locus. Dlx5 and Dlx6 have redundant roles in craniofacial, skeletal, and uterine development. Previously, we performed a transcriptome comparison for anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)-induced genes expressed in the Müllerian duct mesenchyme of male and female mouse embryos. In that study, we found that Dlx5 transcripts were nearly seven-fold higher in males compared to females and Dlx6 transcripts were found only in males, suggesting they may be AMH-induced genes. Therefore, we investigated the role of Dlx5 and Dlx6 during AMH-induced Müllerian …

Rev-Erb Is Essential In Cardiac Fibroblasts Homeostasis, Xiaokang Luo, Shiyang Song, Lei Qi, Chih-Liang Tien, Hui Li, Weiyi Xu, Theodore Lemuel Mathuram, Thomas Burris, Yuanbiao Zhao, Zheng Sun, Lilei Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

REV-ERB agonists have shown antifibrotic effects in the heart and other organs. The function of REV-ERB in the cardiac fibroblasts remains unstudied. Here, we characterize the functional difference of REV-ERB in mouse embryonic fibroblasts and cardiac fibroblasts using genetic deletion of REV-ERBα and ß in vitro. We show that REV-ERB α/β double deleted cardiac fibroblasts have reduced viability and proliferation, but increased migration and myofibroblasts activation. Thus, REV-ERB α/β has essential cell-autonomous role in cardiac fibroblasts in maintaining them in a healthy, quiescent state. We also show that existing REV-ERB agonist SR9009 strongly suppresses cardiac fibroblasts activation but in …

Plasma Diaphanous Related Formin 1 Levels Are Associated With Altered Glucose Metabolism And Insulin Resistance In Patients With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Case Control Study, Xing Li, Mingyu Liao, Jiaqing Shao, Weixin Li, Liu Shi, Dong Wang, Juan Ni, Qiuyue Shen, Fan Yang, Guiliang Peng, Ling Zhou, Yuling Zhang, Zheng Sun, Hongting Zheng, Min Long

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Diaphanous related formin 1 (DIAPH1) is a novel component of advanced glycation end product (AGE) signal transduction that was recently found to participate in diabetes-related disorders, obesity, and androgen hormones. We investigated whether plasma DIAPH1 levels were a potential prognostic predictor for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

METHODS: The levels of circulating plasma DIAPH1 and indicators of glucose, insulin, lipid metabolism, liver enzymes, kidney function, sex hormones, and inflammation were measured in 75 patients with PCOS and 77 healthy participants. All of the participants were divided into normal-weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OW) subgroups. Statistical analyses were performed with R studio. …

Evaluation Of A Comprehensive Diabetes Mellitus Protocol At A Rural, Federally Qualified Health Center In Southern West Virginia, Hannah D. Davis

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that affects nearly 34 million Americans. In rural Appalachia, the population is affected disproportionately at a rate of 14% compared to the national average of 10%. Diabetes is a lifelong, chronic condition managed best by a multidisciplinary team-based approach to achieve optimal disease control. Best practices in the care of diabetes support the use of evidenced based care protocols and leveraging technology to decrease the burden of disease. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common type, making it the focal population for evaluation.

Purpose: The purpose of this project was to …

A Steroid Receptor Coactivator Small Molecule "Stimulator" Attenuates Post-Stroke Ischemic Brain Injury, Lisa K Mcclendon, Roberto L Garcia, Tyler Lazaro, Ariadna Robledo, Viren Vasandani, Zean Aaron Evan Luna, Abhijit S Rao, Aditya Srivatsan, David M Lonard, Clifford C Dacso, Peter Kan, Bert W O'Malley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Pathologic remodeling of the brain following ischemic stroke results in neuronal loss, increased inflammation, oxidative stress, astrogliosis, and a progressive decrease in brain function. We recently demonstrated that stimulation of steroid receptor coactivator 3 with the small-molecule stimulator MCB-613 improves cardiac function in a mouse model of myocardial ischemia. Since steroid receptor coactivators are ubiquitously expressed in the brain, we reasoned that an MCB-613 derivative (MCB-10-1), could protect the brain following ischemic injury. To test this, we administered MCB-10-1 to rats following middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.

Methods: Neurologic impairment and tissue damage responses were evaluated on day …

An Automated Risk Index For Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Pediatric Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: The Ri-Dka, David D Schwartz, Rosa Banuelos, Serife Uysal, Mili Vakharia, Kristen R Hendrix, Kelly Fegan-Bohm, Sarah K Lyons, Rona Sonabend, Sheila K Gunn, Selorm Dei-Tutu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Identifying patients at high risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is crucial for informing efforts at preventive intervention. This study sought to develop and validate an electronic medical record (EMR)-based tool for predicting DKA risk in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. Based on analysis of data from 1,864 patients with type 1 diabetes, three factors emerged as significant predictors of DKA: most recent A1C, type of health insurance (public vs. private), and prior DKA. A prediction model was developed based on these factors and tested to identify and categorize patients at low, moderate, and high risk for experiencing DKA within …

Paraventricular Vitamin D Receptors Are Required For Glucose Tolerance In Males But Not Females, Jessie Beck, Silvania Da Silva Teixeira, Keisha Harrison, Gabrielle Phillips, Yanlin He, Stephanie Sisley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

When delivered directly into the brain, vitamin D, can improve glucose levels in male mice. Additionally, the loss of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in male mice's paraventricular hypothalamus (PVH) results in impaired glucose tolerance. Data in humans shows that low vitamin D levels are detrimental to glucose homeostasis, an effect that may be more prominent in men. However, it is unknown if vitamin D action in the brain is required for normal glucose regulation in female mice. This study shows that in both viral and genetic models, male mice with obesity and PVH VDR loss have impaired glucose tolerance …

In Silico Integrative Analysis Of Multi-Omics Reveals Regulatory Layers For Diurnal Gene Expression In Mouse Liver, Chunjie Jiang, Panpan Liu, Cam Mong La, Dongyin Guan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Diurnal oscillation persists throughout the body and plays an essential role in maintaining physiological homeostasis. Disruption of diurnal rhythm contributes to many diseases including type 2 diabetes. The regulatory mechanism of the transcription-translation feedback loop (TTFL) of core clock genes is well-established, while a systematic study across all regulatory layers of gene expression, including gene transcription, RNA translation, and DNA binding protein (DBP) activities, is still lacking. We comprehensively bioinformatics analyzed the rhythmicity of gene transcription, mature RNA abundance, protein abundance and DBP activity using publicly available omic-datasets from mouse livers. We found that the core clock genes,

Metastatic Insulinoma Presenting With Postprandial Hypoglycemia, Monique Debrah Maher, Dimpi Nitin Desai, Mandeep Bajaj

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Patients with an insulinoma, a type of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, typically present with fasting hypoglycemia but can rarely present exclusively with postprandial hypoglycemia.

CASE REPORT: A 69-year-old man presented with episodes of postprandial blurry vision, sweating, and confusion for the last 2 years that were becoming more frequent over the last several weeks. Home blood glucose measurements revealed postprandial hypoglycemia (glucose level, 45-70 mg/dL), and symptoms were consistent with the Whipple triad. Continuous glucose monitoring revealed only postprandial hypoglycemia within 2 hours following meals. An outpatient fast was conducted with detectable insulin (6 μIU/mL) and C-peptide (2.0 ng/mL) levels …