Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

The Association Between Fgf21 And Diabetic Erectile Dysfunction: Evidence From Clinical And Animal Studies, Song Yang, Yichun Zhang, Xiaohui Lyu, Yuanyuan Gu, Guodong Zhang, Pengcheng Liu, Yulu Zheng, Zheng Guo, Yanbo Zhang, Haifeng Hou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Erectile dysfunction (ED), a complication of diabetes mellitus (DM), affects 50–75% of men with diabetes. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a liver-derived metabolic regulator which plays a role in insulin-independent glucose uptake in adipocytes. We designed a clinical study and an animal experiment to investigate the relationship between FGF21 and DM-induced ED. The clinical study enrolled 93 participants aged > 18 years (61 patients with type 2 DM and 32 healthy controls) from Taian City Central Hospital (TCCH) in Shandong Province, China, amongst whom the association between serum FGF21 and diabetic ED was analyzed. To further validate this association, we …

Context Matters: Preliminary Evidence That The Association Between Positive Affect And Adiposity In Infancy Varies In Social Vs Non-Social Situations, Alexis C Wood, Shabnam R Momin, Mackenzie K Senn, David J Bridgett

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Previous studies have suggested that infants high in negative affect have higher levels of adiposity, arising in part via changes in nutrition (e.g., “feeding to soothe”). Few studies have examined whether positive affect shows similar or inverse associations with adiposity. The current study examined cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between adiposity and observations of positive affect in both a social and a non-social context, using data from infants at four (n = 125) and 12 (n = 80) months of age. Our analyses did not find any cross-sectional associations between positive affect and adiposity (all p > 0.05). However, in the longitudinal …

Tomatoes, Lycopene, And Prostate Cancer: What Have We Learned From Experimental Models?, Nancy E Moran, Jennifer M Thomas-Ahner, Lei Wan, Krystle E Zuniga, John W Erdman, Steven K Clinton

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Human epidemiology suggests a protective effect of tomatoes or tomato phytochemicals, such as lycopene, on prostate cancer risk. However, human epidemiology alone cannot reveal causal relations. Laboratory animal models of prostate cancer provide opportunities to investigate hypotheses regarding dietary components in precisely controlled, experimental systems, contributing to our understanding of diet and cancer risk relations. We review the published studies evaluating the impact of tomatoes and/or lycopene in preclinical models of prostate carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis. The feeding of tomatoes or tomato components demonstrates anti-prostate cancer activity in both transplantable xenograft models of tumorigenesis and models of chemically- and genetically-driven carcinogenesis. …

French-Fried Potato Consumption And Energy Balance: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel L Smith, Rebecca L Hanson, Stephanie L Dickinson, Xiwei Chen, Amy M Goss, John B Cleek, W Timothy Garvey, David B Allison

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Epidemiologic observations suggest increased potato consumption correlates with weight gain, adiposity, and diabetes risk, whereas nut consumption is associated with weight control and metabolic health. Randomized controlled trial (RCT) data indicate humans respond to changes in energy intake in single dietary components and compensate for extra energy consumed.

Objectives: We completed an RCT testing whether increased daily potato consumption influences energy balance [specifically, fat mass (FM)] compared with calorie-matched almond consumption.

Methods: A 30-d RCT of 180 adults prescribed calorie-matched (300 kcal/d, n = 60 participants/group) than consumed 1 of the following: 1) almonds (almond group), 2) French fries …

Use Of Cgm In Monitoring Neonatal Diabetes, Emily Metzinger, Kelsee Halpin

Posters

Introduction Although continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has increased in patients with Type 1 diabetes, its use in the neonatal population has remained limited. Neonates, particularly preterm infants, are at risk of impaired glucose control. Several studies have looked at the use of these devices in improving care for premature infants without diabetes. We describe a case of a very low birth infant with neonatal diabetes secondary to a GATA-6 mutation. Clinical Case This is a late preterm infant with IUGR, truncus arteriosus, and neonatal diabetes. Exome genetic panel showed a mutation in GATA-6. Her neonatal diabetes was challenging to control …

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia And Growth Hormone Deficiency Secondary To 20p11 Deletion, Erica Wee, Kavitha Dileepan, Sarah Tsai, Emily Paprocki

Posters

No abstract provided.

Hemoglobin A1c Increase In Youth At Risk For Developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Erica Wee, Ashley Sherman, Mark A. Clements, Kelsee Halpin, Yun Yan

Posters

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Adherence To The Dietary Approaches To Stop Hypertension (Dash) Diet And Six Glucose Homeostasis Traits In The Microbiome And Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (Miles), Gautam Ramesh, Alexis C Wood, Matthew A Allison, Stephen S Rich, Elizabeth T Jensen, Yii-Der I Chen, Jerome I Rotter, Alain G Bertoni, Mark O Goodarzi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background and aims: The DASH diet conveys protection against type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) Via plant-based and non-plant-based recommendations. Research has not identified which glucose homeostasis pathways are improved. We examined associations between adherence to a DASH diet and six glucose homeostasis traits, probing whether associations could be attributed to the plant-based (DASH-P) and/or non-plant based (DASH-NP) components.

Methods and results: We included data from 295 adults without T2D (age 59.3 ± 9.00 years; 63.46% non-Hispanic White and 36.54% African American, self-reported race ancestry) participating in the Microbiome and Insulin Longitudinal Evaluation Study (MILES). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) …

Circadian Disruption Of Hippocampus In An Early Senescence Male Mouse Model, Jennifer A Davis, Jodi R Paul, Mugdha V Mokashi, Stefani A Yates, Daniel J Mount, Hira A Munir, Lacy K Goode, Martin E Young, David B Allison, Karen L Gamble

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Age-related cognitive decline and disruptions in circadian rhythms are growing problems as the average human life span increases. Multiple strains of the senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) show reduced life span, and the SAMP8 strain in particular has been well documented to show cognitive deficits in behavior as well as a bimodal pattern of circadian locomotor activity. However, little is known about circadian regulation within the hippocampus of these strains of mice. Here we test the hypothesis that in this early senescence model, disruption of the molecular circadian clock in SAMP8 animals drives disrupted behavior and physiology. We found normal rhythms in …

The Effect Of Reduced Cp, Synthetic Amino Acid Supplemented Diets On Growth Performance And Nutrient Excretion In Wean To Finish Swine, Caitlin E Vonderohe, Kayla M Mills, Shule Liu, Matthew D Asmus, Emily R Otto-Tice, Brian T Richert, Ji-Qin Ni, John Scott Radcliffe

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Mixed sex pigs (n = 720) were placed in 12 rooms (Purdue Swine Environmental Research Building) to measure the effect of reduced crude protein (CP), amino acid (AA)-supplemented diets on growth and the carcass. Pigs were blocked by body weight (BW) and gender and allotted to room and pen (10 mixed-sex pigs/pen). Pigs were fed a nine-phase, wean-finish program. Control pigs consumed corn-soybean meal-distiller’s dried grains with solubles (DDGS) diets containing no to minimal (Met) synthetic AA. The 2X diet was formulated to meet the seventh most-limiting AA, and balanced using synthetic AAs to meet all AA needs. The …

An Exercise-Inducible Metabolite That Suppresses Feeding And Obesity, Veronica L Li, Yang He, Kévin Contrepois, Hailan Liu, Joon T Kim, Amanda L Wiggenhorn, Julia T Tanzo, Alan Sheng-Hwa Tung, Xuchao Lyu, Peter-James H Zushin, Robert S Jansen, Basil Michael, Kang Yong Loh, Andrew C Yang, Christian S Carl, Christian T Voldstedlund, Wei Wei, Stephanie M Terrell, Benjamin C Moeller, Rick M Arthur, Gareth A Wallis, Koen Van De Wetering, Andreas Stahl, Bente Kiens, Erik A Richter, Steven M Banik, Michael P Snyder, Yong Xu, Jonathan Z Long

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Exercise confers robust protection against obesity, type 2 diabetes, and other cardiometabolic diseases.1–5 However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms that mediate the metabolic benefits of physical activity remain unclear.6 Here we show that exercise stimulates production of Lac-Phe, a blood-borne signaling metabolite that suppresses feeding and obesity. Lac-Phe biosynthesis from lactate occurs in CNDP2+ cells including immune cells, epithelial cells, and mesenchymal stem cells localized to diverse organs. In diet-induced obese mice, pharmacological elevation of circulating Lac-Phe reduces food intake without affecting movement or energy expenditure. Chronic administration of Lac-Phe decreases adiposity and body weight and …

The Hypothalamus For Whole-Body Physiology: From Metabolism To Aging, Tiemin Liu, Yong Xu, Chun-Xia Yi, Qingchun Tong, Dongsheng Cai

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Obesity and aging are two important epidemic factors for metabolic syndrome and many other health issues, which contribute to devastating diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, stroke and cancers. The brain plays a central role in controlling metabolic physiology in that it integrates information from other metabolic organs, sends regulatory projections and orchestrates the whole-body function. Emerging studies suggest that brain dysfunction in sensing various internal cues or processing external cues may have profound effects on metabolic and other physiological functions. This review highlights brain dysfunction linked to genetic mutations, sex, brain inflammation, microbiota, stress as causes for whole-body pathophysiology, arguing …

Diabetes-Related Outcomes Following Use Of Basal-Bolus Insulin Vs Premixed Insulin In A Va Population With Type 2 Diabetes: A Retrospective Chart Review., Ravisha Bai, Kavita Batra, Charmaine Yap, Kenneth Izuora

School of Medicine Faculty Presentations

No abstract provided.

1485-Pub: Assessing Correlates Of Microvascular Complications Among Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Kenneth Izuora, Amalie Alver, Arpita Basu, Kavita Batra, Shelley J. Williams, Jeffrey L. Ebersole

Department of Internal Medicine Faculty Research

Background: Microvascular complications associated with diabetes (DM) are important predictors of morbidity and mortality. Understanding the factors associated with these complications is important in reducing their burden. Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, seventy-one ambulatory patients with Type 2 DM (female 60.6%, white 36.6%, mean age 64.1± 10.3 years, and mean duration of DM 15.8±9.1 years) were recruited using an investigator-administered questionnaire and chart review. Variables of demographics, smoking, HbA1c, DM duration, and complications were collected. CRP was measured and oral health status was assessed by a clinical exam. Data were analyzed using Chi-square/Fisher exact tests and binomial logistic regression …

Host And Gut Microbial Tryptophan Metabolism And Type 2 Diabetes: An Integrative Analysis Of Host Genetics, Diet, Gut Microbiome And Circulating Metabolites In Cohort Studies, Qibin Qi, Jun Li, Bing Yu, Jee-Young Moon, Jin C Chai, Jordi Merino, Jie Hu, Miguel Ruiz-Canela, Casey Rebholz, Zheng Wang, Mykhaylo Usyk, Guo-Chong Chen, Bianca C Porneala, Wenshuang Wang, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Elena V Feofanova, Megan L Grove, Thomas J Wang, Robert E Gerszten, Josée Dupuis, Jordi Salas-Salvadó, Wei Bao, David L Perkins, Martha L Daviglus, Bharat Thyagarajan, Jianwen Cai, Tao Wang, Joann E Manson, Miguel A Martínez-González, Elizabeth Selvin, Kathryn M Rexrode, Clary B Clish, Frank B Hu, James B Meigs, Rob Knight, Robert D Burk, Eric Boerwinkle, Robert C Kaplan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Tryptophan can be catabolised to various metabolites through host kynurenine and microbial indole pathways. We aimed to examine relationships of host and microbial tryptophan metabolites with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), host genetics, diet and gut microbiota.

METHOD: We analysed associations between circulating levels of 11 tryptophan metabolites and incident T2D in 9180 participants of diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds from five cohorts. We examined host genome-wide variants, dietary intake and gut microbiome associated with these metabolites.

RESULTS: Tryptophan, four kynurenine-pathway metabolites (kynurenine, kynurenate, xanthurenate and quinolinate) and indolelactate were positively associated with T2D risk, while indolepropionate was inversely associated with …

Relationship Between Arterial Stiffness And Subsequent Cardiac Structure And Function In Young Adults With Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Results From The Today Study, Amy S Shah, Samuel S Gidding, Laure El Ghormli, Jeanie B Tryggestad, Kristen J Nadeau, Fida Bacha, Lorraine E Levitt Katz, Steven M Willi, Joao Lima, Elaine M Urbina

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Higher arterial stiffness may contribute to future alterations in left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. We tested this hypothesis in individuals with youth-onset type 2 diabetes from the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) study.

METHODS: Arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity [carotid-femoral, femoral-foot, and carotid-radial], augmentation index, brachial distensibility) was measured in 388 participants with type 2 diabetes (mean age, 21 years; diabetes duration, 7.7 ± 1.5 years). To reflect overall (composite) vascular stiffness, the five arterial stiffness measures were aggregated. An echocardiogram was performed in the same cohort 2 years later. Linear regression …

Circadian Clock, Diurnal Glucose Metabolic Rhythm, And Dawn Phenomenon, Fei Peng, Xin Li, Fang Xiao, Ruxing Zhao, Zheng Sun

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The circadian clock provides cue-independent anticipatory signals for diurnal rhythms of baseline glucose levels and glucose tolerance. The central circadian clock is located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which comprises primarily GABAergic neurons. The SCN clock regulates physiological diurnal rhythms of endogenous glucose production (EGP) and hepatic insulin sensitivity through neurohumoral mechanisms. Disruption of the molecular circadian clock is associated with the extended dawn phenomenon (DP) in type 2 diabetes (T2D), referring to hyperglycemia in the early morning without nocturnal hypoglycemia. The DP affects nearly half of patients with diabetes, with poorly defined etiology and a lack of targeted …

Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Visual Outcomes Of Diabetic Macular Edema Patients At A Tertiary Care Veterans Affairs Center, Philip Zhou, Jie Gao, Xiaofan Huang, Kristen A Staggers, Kristin Biggerstaff, Silvia Orengo-Nania, Roomasa Channa

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: There are limited studies on factors that impacted retina clinic patient outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate visual and anatomic outcomes in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) requiring anti-VEGF injections at the veterans' affairs tertiary care eye clinic in Houston, TX.

METHODS: Patient volume from April 2020 was compared to that of April 2019 to determine attendance changes. To evaluate outcomes, we reviewed patients with DME who had scheduled appointments during April 2020. We tracked changes in central foveal thickness (CFT) and Snellen visual acuity (VA) measurements. Patient outcomes were classified as poor (defined as …

Constitutive Loss Of Dnmt3a Causes Morbid Obesity Through Misregulation Of Adipogenesis, Ayala Tovy, Jaime M Reyes, Linda Zhang, Yung-Hsin Huang, Carina Rosas, Alexes C Daquinag, Anna Guzman, Raghav Ramabadran, Chun-Wei Chen, Tianpeng Gu, Sinjini Gupta, Laura Ortinau, Dongsu Park, Aaron R Cox, Rachel E Rau, Sean M Hartig, Mikhail G Kolonin, Margaret A Goodell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

DNA Methyltransferase 3 A (DNMT3A) is an important facilitator of differentiation of both embryonic and hematopoietic stem cells. Heterozygous germline mutations in DNMT3A lead to Tatton-Brown-Rahman Syndrome (TBRS), characterized by obesity and excessive height. While DNMT3A is known to impact feeding behavior via the hypothalamus, here we investigated a role in adipocyte progenitors utilizing heterozygous knockout mice that recapitulate cardinal TBRS phenotypes. These mice become morbidly obese due to adipocyte enlargement and tissue expansion. Adipose tissue in these mice exhibited defects in preadipocyte maturation and precocious activation of inflammatory gene networks, including interleukin-6 signaling. Adipocyte progenitor cell lines lacking DNMT3A …

Parent-Perceived Neighbourhood Environment, Parenting Practices And Preschool-Aged Children Physical Activity And Screen Time: A Cross-Sectional Study Of Two Culturally And Geographically Diverse Cities, Ester Cerin, Anthony Barnett, Tom Baranowski, Rebecca E Lee, Robin R Mellecker, Yi Nam Suen, Jason A Mendoza, Deborah I Thompson, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

BACKGROUND: Preschool-aged children's physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are important health-related behaviours likely influenced by PA opportunities, parental perceptions of neighbourhood safety and parenting practices pertaining to PA and ST. How these factors interact to impact on young children's PA and ST, and whether their effects are generalisable across cultures and geographical location is not known. This study addressed these knowledge gaps by conducting pooled analyses of comparable data from two culturally and geographically diverse samples - Chinese parent-child dyads from an ultra-dense city (Hong Kong, China) and Latino parent-child dyads from a low-density city (Houston, USA).

METHODS: …