Cardiology Commons^™

Comprehensive Evaluation Of Left Ventricular Deformation Using Speckle Tracking Echocardiography In Normal Children: Comparison Of Three-Dimensional And Two-Dimensional Approaches., Doaa Aly, Nitin Madan, Laura Kuzava, Alison Samrany, Anitha Parthiban

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) can overcome some of the inherent limitations of two-dimensional (2D) STE; however, clinical experience is lacking. We aimed to assess and compare the feasibility, agreement, and reproducibility of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal (GLS), and regional strain by 3D vs 2D STE in normal children.

METHODS: Healthy pediatric subjects (n = 105, age mean = 11.2 ± 5.5 years) were prospectively enrolled. Three-dimensional and 2D LV GLS, as well as regional strain in 16 myocardial segments were quantified. Bland Altman analysis, intra- class correlation coefficients (ICC), percent error and linear regression were used …

Surgical Management Of Atrial-Esophageal Fistula As A Complication Of Atrial Fibrillation Ablation., Amber Duda, Kevin Beers, Mohi Mitiek

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Atrial-esophageal fistula (AEF) is a rare, but life-threatening complication of ablative treatments for atrial fibrillation. Although the incidence of this complication is low, the mortality is very high. There are many surgical approaches to this disease but we offer a novel technique to reduce the number of incisions used and provides central cannulation. It also allows for repair of both the esophagus and atrium and buttresses these repairs, which have both been shown to decrease morbidity and mortality. The technique has been successful in our three patients and can be considered as an approach to surgical management of AEF.

Common Genetic Variants Contribute To Risk Of Transposition Of The Great Arteries, Doris Škorić-Milosavljević, Rafik Tadros, Fernanda M Bosada, Federico Tessadori, Jan Hendrik Van Weerd, Odilia I Woudstra, Fleur V Y Tjong, Najim Lahrouchi, Fanny Bajolle, Heather J Cordell, A J Agopian, Gillian M Blue, Daniela Q C M Barge-Schaapveld, Marc Gewillig, Christoph Preuss, Elisabeth M Lodder, Phil Barnett, Aho Ilgun, Leander Beekman, Karel Van Duijvenboden, Regina Bokenkamp, Martina Müller-Nurasyid, Hubert W Vliegen, Thelma C Konings, Joost P Van Melle, Arie P J Van Dijk, Roland R J Van Kimmenade, Jolien W Roos-Hesselink, Gertjan T Sieswerda, Folkert Meijboom, Hashim Abdul-Khaliq, Felix Berger, Sven Dittrich, Marc-Phillip Hitz, Julia Moosmann, Frank-Thomas Riede, Stephan Schubert, Pilar Galan, Mark Lathrop, Hans M Munter, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Christopher E Shaw, Pamela J Shaw, Karen E Morrison, Jan H Veldink, Leonard H Van Den Berg, Sylvia Evans, Marcelo A Nobrega, Ivy Aneas, Milena Radivojkov-Blagojević, Thomas Meitinger, Erwin Oechslin, Tapas Mondal, Lynn Bergin, John F Smythe, Luis Altamirano-Diaz, Jane Lougheed, Berto J Bouma, Marie-A Chaix, Jennie Kline, Anne S Bassett, Gregor Andelfinger, Roel L F Van Der Palen, Patrice Bouvagnet, Sally-Ann B Clur, Jeroen Breckpot, Wilhelmina S Kerstjens-Frederikse, David S Winlaw, Ulrike M M Bauer, Seema Mital, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Bernard Keavney, Damien Bonnet, Barbara J Mulder, Michael W T Tanck, Jeroen Bakkers, Vincent M Christoffels, Cornelis J Boogerd, Alex V Postma, Connie R Bezzina

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

RATIONALE: Dextro-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) is a severe congenital heart defect which affects approximately 1 in 4,000 live births. While there are several reports of D-TGA patients with rare variants in individual genes, the majority of D-TGA cases remain genetically elusive. Familial recurrence patterns and the observation that most cases with D-TGA are sporadic suggest a polygenic inheritance for the disorder, yet this remains unexplored.

OBJECTIVE: We sought to study the role of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in risk for D-TGA.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We conducted a genome-wide association study in an international set of 1,237 patients …

Cardiotoxicity From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Myocarditis, Laura Onderko, Elizabeth Bennett, Sanjeev Francis

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Importance: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are a class of immunotherapies that have significant clinical efficacy in treating many cancer types, but they are also associated with systemic effects, including myocarditis.

Objective: This review describes potential mechanisms underlying ICI-associated myocarditis; data on epidemiology, including possible risk factors; diagnostic criteria for ICI-associated myocarditis; and recommendations for managing ICI-associated myocarditis.

Review: This paper is a narrative literature review that summarizes existing literature to increase awareness of ICI-associated cardiotoxicities, including myocarditis.

Findings: Reported cardiovascular adverse events include myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, pericarditis, vasculitis, atherosclerotic cardiovascular events, Takotsubo syndrome, and venous thromboembolism. Myocarditis is associated with …

Trend, Predictors, And Outcomes Of Combined Mitral Valve Replacement And Coronary Artery Bypass Graft In Patients With Concomitant Mitral Valve And Coronary Artery Disease: A National Inpatient Sample Database Analysis, Waqas Ullah, Sajjad Gul, Sameer Saleem, Mubbasher Ameer Syed, Muhammad Zia Khan, Salman Zahid, Abdul Mannan Khan Minhas, Salim S. Virani, Mamas A. Mamas, David L. Fischman

Office of the Provost

Aims: Combined mitral valve replacement (MVR) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) procedures have been the norm for patients with concomitant mitral valve disease (MVD) and coronary artery disease (CAD) with no large-scale data on their safety and efficacy.
Methods and results: The National Inpatient Sample database (2002-18) was queried to identify patients undergoing MVR and CABG. The major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and its components were compared using a propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis to calculate adjusted odds ratios (OR). A total of 6 145 694 patients (CABG only 3 971 045, MVR only 1 933 459, MVR + CABG …

Isolated Reoperative Tricuspid Valve Surgery: Outcomes And Risk Assessment, Tahir I. Mohamed, Omar J. Baqal, Abdulaziz A. Binzaid, Hussam T. Alhennawi, Abdulrahman R. Barakeh, Omar M. Mrayati, Aly M. Alsanei

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objective To describe patient characteristics and post-operative outcomes, including early and late mortality, defined by death within 30 days and after 30 days post-surgery, respectively, as well as 20-year survival after isolated reoperative tricuspid surgery.

Methods We retrospectively analyzed 169 patients who underwent isolated reoperative tricuspid valve surgery at our institution (between 1997 and 2000) and describe post-surgical outcomes including intraoperative, early and late mortality. All patients included completed 21 years of follow-up.

Results The majority of our patients were females 147 (87%) with the mean age of 45.9 ±12.9 years. The mean body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was 27.4 …

Rapidly Worsening Left Ventricular Systolic Function And In Hospital Ventricular Fibrillation After Permanent Pacemaker Implantation – Is There A Missing Link?, Debabrata Bera, Subir Ghose, Ayan Kar, Koushik Dasgupta

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

No abstract provided.

Pulseless Paradoxus: A Clue To The Presence Of Cardiac Tamponade During Continuous-Flow Mechanical Circulatory Support, Faris G. Araj

The VAD Journal

This letter to the editor is in response to the published article by by Akhtar et al.

A Vanishing Cardiac Mass, Moayad M. Alqurashi, Ahmed Alsaileek, Thamer H. Alenazi, Basel M. Alhaijani, Ahmed Aljizeeri

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

The prevalence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is very common in the Middle East; however, myocardial involvement is among the most infrequent manifestations of extrapulmonary TB. We present an asymptomatic young adult who was incidentally found to have a large right atrial tuberculoma, diagnosed by non-invasive cardiac imaging and effectively treated with standard first-line anti-TB treatment, steroids, and anticoagulation. This case is a classical presentation of nodular myocardial involvement of TB, highlighting advantages of advanced imaging, e.g., cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and multidisciplinary treatment.

Speckle Tracking Echocardiographic Assessment Of Left Ventricular Function By Myocardial Strain Before And After Aortic Valve Replacement, Gajinder Pal Singh Kaler, Rakesh Mahla, Himanshu Mahla, Sarita Choudhary, Gurdarshan Singh, Raghuveer Prasad Patel, Navjot Kaur Kaler

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Background & Objectives: In patients of aortic stenosis and regurgitation, pressure and volume effects on left ventricular function are occult and missed by routine echocardiography markers like ejection fraction (EF). Speckle tracking analysis by measuring global longitudinal strain and global circumferential strain seems to ascertain this occult LV function parameters at an early phase in a more comprehensive manner. Limited studies have examined these parameters pre/post aortic valve replacement (AVR). Methods: 94 consecutive patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) or aortic regurgitation (AR), planned for AVR were included (as per set inclusion criteria) along with 15 normal controls-15 months …

Splenic Vein Aneurysm: Case Report Of An Exceedingly Rare Condition, Dave Riesberg

View All Washington/Montana GME

Presented at the 2022 Virtual Northwest Medical Research Symposium

Synchronized Diaphragmatic Stimulation For The Treatment Of Symptomatic Heart Failure: A Novel Implantable Therapy Concept, Marat Fudim Md, Mhs, Michael Mirro Md, Lee R. Goldberg Md, Mph

Parkview Heart Institute

No abstract provided.

Cardiovascular Applications Of Artificial Intelligence In Research, Diagnosis, And Disease Management, Viswanathan Rajagopalan, Houwei Cao

Center for No Boundary Thinking

Despite significant advancements in diagnosis and disease management, cardiovascular (CV) disorders remain the No. 1 killer both in the United States and across the world, and innovative and transformative technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly employed in CV medicine. In this chapter, the authors introduce different AI and machine learning (ML) tools including support vector machine (SVM), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and deep learning models (DL), and their applicability to advance CV diagnosis and disease classification, and risk prediction and patient management. The applications include, but are not limited to, electrocardiogram, imaging, genomics, and drug research in different …

Atypical Pericardial Opportunistic Infection, Brittney Ward, David Pash, Brittney Carman

View All Washington/Montana GME

Presented at the 2022 Virtual Northwest Medical Research Symposium

Strep Pyogenes: Predilection For The Pleural Space, Song Chi Lu, Md

Poster Presentations

No abstract provided.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Cardiovascular Disease, Evan Gagnon

Graduate Research Projects

No abstract provided.

Intermittent Fasting And Reduction Of Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Ethan Dekam

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Cardiovascular disease remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Intermittent fasting is a unique intervention that is beginning to be studied more extensively for weight loss, positive alterations in serum lipid profile, and improvement of insulin resistance which are all modifiable risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease.

Purpose: The research question at the center of this literature review is: does the addition of intermittent fasting reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease? The reduction of cardiovascular disease was studied through alterations in weight, cholesterol, and diabetic labs.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review …

Stroke Prevention In Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation: The Watchman Device Versus Warfarin, Emma Delaney

Theses and Graduate Projects

Atrial fibrillation is a common heart arrhythmia that leads to an increased risk of stroke. Warfarin was the original anticoagulant that would be used as the treatment for atrial fibrillation. However, there are people who have contraindications to anticoagulation or are a high fall risk and shouldn’t be on Warfarin. The Watchman Device was originally designed in 2005 as a way to close the left atrial appendage where clots are usually present with atrial fibrillation. The watchman may be a superior way to help reduce the risk of stroke compared to the traditional use of Warfarin. Purpose: Literature review …

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Ticagrelor Vs Clopidogrel In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome, Binh Vu

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is an effective secondary prevention and an essential component of treatment after patients suffering from acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Recently, clinicians rapidly switched to DAPT with ticagrelor as the preferred treatment option after it was introduced in 2011. Compared to clopidogrel, ticagrelor is not a prodrug and does not require metabolic activation to inhibit the platelet P2Y12 receptor. It is the first reversible oral P2Y12 receptor antagonist; and its effect on platelet inhibition is more pronounced compared to clopidogrel.

Purpose: The purpose of this comprehensive review was to evaluate the efficacy and safety …

3d And Bio-Printing As An Efficient And Safe Alternative To Traditional Methods And Materials In Cardiovascular Diseases, Angela Asare-Ose

Theses and Graduate Projects

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Therefore, there is the need for more resources to be poured into the research of more treatment options, diagnostic methods and preventative steps for patients. Though several technological advancements are being made in the world of medicine, it is not a bad idea to look at other avenues that have great potential to improve patient outcomes in cardiovascular diseases. 3D and bioprinting, though a relatively new technology in the world of medicine, is showing a promising future. It is already being applied in the field of orthopedic surgery and …