Cardiology Commons^™

Recruitment, Retention, And Future Direction For A Heart Health Education And Risk Reduction Intervention Led By Community Health Workers In An African American Majority City, Julie Gleason-Comstock, Cindy Bolden Calhoun, Ghadir Mozeb, Cardell Louis, Alex B. Hill, Barbara J. Locke, Victor Harrell, Sadia Yasmin, Liying Zhang, John M. Flack, Nancy T. Artinian, Jinping Xu

Urban Studies and Planning Faculty Research Publications

Heart disease is a leading cause of death for African Americans. A community-academic partnership cross-trained community health workers to engage African American adults in a 6-month heart health education and risk reduction intervention. We conducted a one-group feasibility study using a one group (pre-posttest) design. A total of 100 adults were recruited from 27 zip codes in an African American majority city through community-based organizations (46%), churches (36%), and home visits (12%). Ninety-six percent were African American; 55% were female, 39% were male, and 6% were transgender. Their mean age was 44.6 years (SD=15.9). Ninety-two percent had health insurance. Seventy-six …

Cardiovascular Outcomes In Aortopathy: Gentac Registry Of Genetically Triggered Aortic Aneurysms And Related Conditions, Kathryn W Holmes, Sheila Markwardt, Kim A Eagle, Richard B Devereux, Jonathan W Weinsaft, Federico M Asch, Scott A Lemaire, Cheryl L Maslen, Howard K Song, Dianna M Milewicz, Siddharth K Prakash, Dongchuan Guo, Shaine A Morris, Reed E Pyeritz, Rita C Milewski, William J Ravekes, H C Dietz, Ralph V Shohet, Michael Silberbach, Mary J Roman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The GenTAC (Genetically Triggered Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Cardiovascular Conditions) Registry enrolled patients with genetic aortopathies between 2007 and 2016.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare age distribution and probability of elective surgery for proximal aortic aneurysm, any dissection surgery, and cardiovascular mortality among aortopathy etiologies.

METHODS: The GenTAC study had a retrospective/prospective design. Participants with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) with aneurysm (n = 879), Marfan syndrome (MFS) (n = 861), nonsyndromic heritable thoracic aortic disease (nsHTAD) (n = 378), Turner syndrome (TS) (n = 298), vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) (n = 149), and Loeys-Dietz syndrome …

Cardiology Implications Of Ed Covid-19 Patients In An Underserved Rural Health Care Environment, Pedro Colio

Dissertations

Background/Purpose: Positive COVID-19 patients with chronic comorbidities have been associated with severe cardiac complications (e.g., STEMI, NSTEMI, myocarditis, pericarditis, AF) specifically among underserved communities. Acute STEMI and NSTEMI are cardiac conditions associated with ruptured atherosclerotic plaque leading to significant myocardial injury. AF, the most common arrhythmia leading to cerebrovascular accidents, is also common in hospitalized patients with severe illnesses. Myocarditis and pericarditis are inflammatory heart conditions associated with acute viral infections. According to the literature, these cardiac issues have been linked as complications of COVID-19. COVID 19 is an emerging, complex, and costly public health challenge globally with potential lifelong …

Mid And Long Term Follow Up Of 50 Pediatric Cardiac Chadians Operated In France From 2003 To 2012, Neguemadji N. Ngaba, Jean Philippe Lesbre, Namrata Hange, Maria Kezia Lourdes Ligsay Pormento, Molly Sanjay Jain, Manoj Kumar Reddy Somagutta, Vikash Jaiswal, Uzoego Nwakaku Chibuzo, Imteyaz A. Khan, Sana Irfan Khan

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications

Introduction

Cardiac valvular diseases (CVDs) are the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality globally, with predominance of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in developing countries. Congenital heart defects (CHD) diagnoses are delayed due to socioeconomic factors. This study aims to evaluate the post-operative surgical outcomes of CHD and valvular RHD.

Methods

This study is conducted with 50 patients from Chad, operated on between 2003 and 2012. Post-operative outcomes are evaluated from 2010 to 2012.

Results

With the follow-up of 19 RHD patients who underwent plasty, 8 (42.1%) had no complications, 4 (21%) presented with mild regurgitation, 7 (36.8%) required re-operation …

Cardiovascular Risk Stratification In Diabetic Retinopathy Via Atherosclerotic Pathway In Covid-19/Non-Covid-19 Frameworks Using Artificial Intelligence Paradigm: A Narrative Review., Smiksha Munjral, Mahesh Maindarkar, Puneet Ahluwalia, Anudeep Puvvula, Ankush Jamthikar, Tanay Jujaray, Neha Suri, Sudip Paul, Rajesh Pathak, Luca Saba, Renoh Johnson Chalakkal, Suneet Gupta, Gavino Faa, Inder M Singh, Paramjit S Chadha, Monika Turk, Amer M Johri, Narendra N Khanna, Klaudija Viskovic, Sophie Mavrogeni, John R Laird, Gyan Pareek, Martin Miner, David W Sobel, Antonella Balestrieri, Petros P Sfikakis, George Tsoulfas, Athanasios Protogerou, Durga Prasanna Misra, Vikas Agarwal, George D Kitas, Raghu Kolluri, Jagjit Teji, Mustafa Al-Maini, Surinder K Dhanjil, Meyypan Sockalingam, Ajit Saxena, Aditya Sharma, Vijay Rathore, Mostafa Fatemi, Azra Alizad, Vijay Viswanathan, Padukode R Krishnan, Tomaz Omerzu, Subbaram Naidu, Andrew Nicolaides, Mostafa M Fouda, Jasjit S Suri

Heart and Vascular Articles

Diabetes is one of the main causes of the rising cases of blindness in adults. This microvascular complication of diabetes is termed diabetic retinopathy (DR) and is associated with an expanding risk of cardiovascular events in diabetes patients. DR, in its various forms, is seen to be a powerful indicator of atherosclerosis. Further, the macrovascular complication of diabetes leads to coronary artery disease (CAD). Thus, the timely identification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications in DR patients is of utmost importance. Since CAD risk assessment is expensive for low-income countries, it is important to look for surrogate biomarkers for risk stratification …

Recurrent Myopericarditis Following Mrna-1273 Sars-Cov-2 Vaccination In A Patient With Previous Sars-Cov-2 Myopericarditis, Lauren Reinhold, Simon R. Dixon, Carl B. Lauter

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection has been associated with myocarditis. The novel mRNA vaccines, BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273, that encode the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein have shown to be a safe combatant to the pandemic. Myocarditis has become a rare, newly recognized complication of the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccinations. The mechanism remains unknown, but multiple have been proposed. Case description: A 24-year-old healthy Caucasian female presented to the hospital with acute chest pain. The patient received her first dose of mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine two days prior to onset of symptoms. She reported sharp mid-sternal chest pain worse with inspiration and …

Comparison Of Hemodynamic Responses Between Conventional And Virtual Reality Therapies In Patients With Heart Failure Admitted To An Emergency Room, Angélica Bologna Raposo, Alice Haniuda Moliterno, João Pedro Lucas Neves Silva, Rafael Varago Favri, Ana Paula Coelho Figueira Freire, Francis Lopes Pacagnelli

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

This study aimed to evaluate and to compare the acute response, due to semi-immersive virtual reality (VR) and conventional therapies (CT), of hemodynamic parameters in hospitalized individuals admitted to an emergency unity for heart failure (HF). This is a viability study with 11 individuals subjected to sessions with and without VR. At CT, stretching, active or active-assisted exercises, and fractional inspiration were performed. In VR therapy (VRT), VR box glasses were used to promote VR relaxation associated with CT. The hemodynamic parameters evaluated were heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and double product. To analyze them, Student’s …

Sex Differences In The Association Between Cardiovascular Diseases And Dementia Subtypes: A Prospective Analysis Of 464,616 Uk Biobank Participants, Caiyun Dong, Chunmiao Zhou, Chunying Fu, Wenting Hao, Akihiko Ozaki, Nipun Shrestha, Salim S. Virani, Shiva Raj Mishra, Dongshan Zhu

Office of the Provost

Background: Whether the association of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) with dementia differs by sex remains unclear, and the role of socioeconomic, lifestyle, genetic, and medical factors in their association is unknown.
Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort study of 502,649 individuals. We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate sex-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), and women-to-men ratio of HRs (RHR) for the association between CVD (coronary heart diseases (CHD), stroke, and heart failure) and incident dementia (all-cause dementia, Alzheimer's Disease (AD), and vascular dementia (VD)). The moderator roles of socioeconomic (education, income), …

A Fatal Case Of Covid-19 Pneumonia In A Fully Vaccinated Heart Transplant Recipient, Agastya D. Belur, Diana Otero, Christina Dunbar Matos

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

The development and administration of mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are seeing lower numbers of COVID-19 cases and fatalities among fully vaccinated, immunocompetent adults. We present a case of fatal COVID-19 pneumonia in a heart transplant recipient who had received two doses of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine before the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had recommended additional doses.

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract Thrombus In A Patient With Covid-19-A Ticking Time Bomb: A Case Report., Hamza Zahid Ullah Muhammadzai, Nathaniel Rosal, Muhammad Arslan Cheema, Donald Haas

COVID-19 Papers, Posters, and Presentations

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, which results in many different complications including left ventricular (LV) thrombi.

Case summary: We present a 30-year-old female presenting with chest pain and shortness of breath. Patient had an extensive history including heart failure with an ejection fraction 15-20% and COVID-19 2 months ago. Echocardiogram revealed a 3.3 cm ×  1.7 cm LV thrombus which was not present 4 months ago before her diagnosis of COVID-19. The LV thrombus embolized resulting in an embolus extending from the distal infrarenal abdominal aorta to the common iliac …

Case Report And Review: Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection (Scad), Michael Morris, Wayne Tamaska, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Trent Malcolm

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is a rare cause of acute coronary syndrome or sudden death. SCAD has a high incidence in a younger, female population with an association with peripartum or postpartum status. Connective tissue disorders and vasculitides are also associated with SCAD. The purpose of this poster will be to examine the presentation and risk factors associated with SCAD and to discuss optimal treatment strategies.

Stroke In Hfref Without Atrial Fibrillation And Concurrent Protein S Deficiency: What Is The Best Treatment?, Rohan Umrani, Trinava Roy, Bhavana Kadiyala, Yvette Wang

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Hypercoagulable disorders are often the culprit for repeated strokes in young patients, with or without other comorbidities

Medications typically used for stroke prophylaxis:

• Warfarin
• Aspirin
• Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs)

Warfarin is the preferred method of anticoagulation for stroke prophylaxis in patients with hypercoagulable disorders

A deficiency of protein S increases the risk of pro coagulation due to a relative deficiency of anticoagulants.

Patients with protein S deficiency tend to have recurrent venous thromboses and pulmonary emboli

Myopericarditis In A Patient With Recent Covid-19 Mrna Vaccine, Zamran Masih, Wayne Tamaska, Nicholas Tomasello

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Myopericarditis after Covid-19 mRNA vaccination is not well described. However, there have been several cases described throughout the pandemic suggesting some correlation between Covid-19 vaccination and myopericarditis. We describe such a case where a patient developed myopericarditis after receiving Johnson & Johnson vaccine.

Digoxin Toxicity And Acute Renal Failure In A 75 Year-Old Female, Daniel Zaayenga, Andrew Caravello, Nicholas Tomasello

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Digoxin toxicity can present with varying manifestations. While pathognomonic symptoms such as xanthopsia (object appearing yellow) are a board favorite it is not a required finding and is in fact not seen with most patients. Rather digoxin toxicity presents with more non-specific symptoms such as GI distress (anorexia, N/V) neurological distress (lethargy, fatigue, delirium, confusion, disorientation, weakness. EKG findings are varied and include premature ventricular contractions, bradycardia, atrial tachyarrhythmias with AV block, ventricular bigeminy, junctional rhythms, various degrees of AV nodal blockade, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation. Although rarely seen, digoxin is one of the only causes of bidirectional ventricular …

The Cloak Of Invisibility: Subclinical Infective Endocarditis Resulting In Chordae Tendineae Rupture In Mitral Valve Prolapse, Jason Naftulin, Trinava Roy, Anjeli Patel, Steven Silver

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

While Chordae tendineae rupture(CTR) is often caused due to mitral valve prolapse, rheumatic heart disease or infective endocarditis, CTR secondary to a combination of the factors is not often seen. We present a unique case of CTR due to subclinical infective endocarditis(IE) with underlying mitral valve prolapse(MVP).

Effect Of Calcium Chloride And Isoflurane On Force Frequency Relationship In Canines, Harrison Patrizio, Lawrence Mulligan

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Proper calcium cycling is critical for a optimally functioning heart.

Improper calcium cycling in humans can contribute to heart failure.

Human calcium cycling is difficult to study due to the risks of damaging the patient’s cardiac tissue.

Risk of further damaging cardiac tissue is substantially increased in a heart failure patient.

Past studies focus on studying the effects of changing calcium cycling in lab rats.

Current research shows limited alternative methods in studying relationships between calcium cycling and FFR in larger mammals.

This project analyzes data to determine the response of the canine force frequency relationship to calcium chloride and …

Case Report: The Heart Breaking Tale Of Takotsubo In The Ed, Richard Baluyot, James Espinosa, Alan Lucerna, Sergey Medlenov, Joseph Pagano, Bhumi Shah

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Chest pain is one of the most common chief complaints that emergency room physicians deal with on a daily basis. Here we present a rare cause of chest pain on a patient diagnosed with takotsubo cardiomyopathy. This is a condition that has been on the rise since its initial discovery and therefore clinicians should consider this on their differential when assessing patients with chest pain, especially postmenopausal women.

Effect Of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment In Patients With Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (Pots): A Literature Review, Sidharth Sahni, Harrison Jordan, Binoy Desai, Danielle Cooley, Alexander King

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is characterized by autonomic dysregulation resulting in diminished blood flow and excessive tachycardia.

POTS has been scarcely studied in the clinical setting. A review of literature generated only four articles, only one of which met the established criteria.

A follow up study to evaluate the effect of OMT on the quality of life for patients with POTS is planned. The hypothesis is that osteopathic manipulation plays a role in the management of POTS, as patients should experience improvement in their symptoms and their overall quality of life.

Safety, Timing And Outcomes Of Early Postoperative Cardiac Catheterization Following Congenital Heart Surgery, Karoline Krzywda

Research Days

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Background: Early postoperative ( < 6weeks) cardiac catheterization (EPOCC) has been considered high risk and often delayed. Recently, the safety of EPOCC has been demonstrated. The optimal timing of catheterization and its outcomes in struggling postoperative patients remains uncertain.

Objective: To describe EPOCC in our center and its impact on length of stay (LOS), number of mechanical ventilation days, number of ECMO days, and catheter-based interventions.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent cardiac surgery between 01/01/2010 and 12/31/2019 and EPOCC within 30 days after surgery. Cohorts were early EPOCC (≤72 hr) vs late EPOCC ( >72 hr). Data on timing, indication, and complications of EPOCC; days of mechanical ventilation and ECMO; and CICU/total hospital LOS were collected. Data was analyzed using chi-square and Student’s t-test, …

Ekg Technology: It Is Time For A Change!, Megan Carroll

Research Days

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Background: Technology for obtaining pediatric EKGs has not changed in over 70 years. Current guidelines recommend a 12-lead EKG, which takes approximately 7 minutes to complete. Newer adult technology utilizes between 1-6 leads for EKG analysis. There has not been a study in pediatrics to assess the minimum number of leads required to attain diagnostic accuracy.

Objectives/Goal: To determine the appropriate number of leads needed to read pediatric EKGs safely and accurately.

Methods/Design: This is a single center systematic review that included randomly selected EKGs from our hospital database (2017-2020) read by two independent pediatric …