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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Abriendo Caminos: A Case Study Of An Online Bilingüe Msw Program, Celeste Natividad Sanchez Sep 2024

Abriendo Caminos: A Case Study Of An Online Bilingüe Msw Program, Celeste Natividad Sanchez

Dissertations

Latine students are underrepresented in social work education. This case study focuses on the Online Bilingual MSW (OBMSW) Program, the first bilingual (Spanish and English) and online MSW program in the mainland United States. The purpose of this study was to explore and have a greater understanding of how the OBMSW program is providing an alternative educational pathway specifically for Latine students. Purposeful sampling was used to identify seven interview participants who have had direct involvement in the creation, design, and/or implementation of the OBMSW program. A document review of program documents was also conducted. Data were analyzed using the …

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Bipoc Counseling And Health Service Psychology Graduate Students’ Experience Of Racism And Sense Of Belonging: A Conditional Mediation Analysis Of Coping And Social Support, Erica Pinney Sep 2024

Bipoc Counseling And Health Service Psychology Graduate Students’ Experience Of Racism And Sense Of Belonging: A Conditional Mediation Analysis Of Coping And Social Support, Erica Pinney

Dissertations

This study sought to understand the relationship between experiences of racism within academic settings and sense of belonging to the field of Counseling/Health Service Psychology (C/HSP) for BIPOC graduate students. Further, this study sought to understand the potential mediating role of engagement coping in this relationship, as well as the conditional effect of high, neutral, or low perception of race-related social support from faculty/peers. Two-hundred forty-nine BIPOC C/HSP students responded to survey questions measuring frequency of racial/ethnic microaggressions, sense of belonging to C/HSP, engagement styles of coping with racism (Education/Advocacy and Resistance), and perception of availability of racism-related social support …

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Early Childhood Foundations Of Adolescents' Critical Consciousness In Under-Resourced And Minoritized Communities: The Roles Of Prosocial Behavior And Cognitive Self-Regulation In Middle Childhood, Zahra F. Naqi-Hasnain Sep 2024

Early Childhood Foundations Of Adolescents' Critical Consciousness In Under-Resourced And Minoritized Communities: The Roles Of Prosocial Behavior And Cognitive Self-Regulation In Middle Childhood, Zahra F. Naqi-Hasnain

Dissertations

As Black and Latino teens from under-resourced backgrounds remain vulnerable to oppressive forces, critical consciousness has emerged as a developmental asset that involves understanding, reflecting upon, and acting against inequitable social structures. However, scholars have yet to determine how critical consciousness may fit into a developmental framework, leaving unanswered questions regarding the roots of adolescents’ critical consciousness. By integrating sociopolitical and developmental frameworks, this dissertation empirically examined how early environmental factors and individual competencies set the stage for critical consciousness during adolescence, via prosocial and self-regulatory skills during middle childhood. Longitudinal data were drawn from the Chicago School Readiness Project …

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Records Management Practices And Service Delivery: A Case Of Academic Registrar's Department At The All-Saints University Lango, Kenneth Abong, David Luyombya Sep 2024

Records Management Practices And Service Delivery: A Case Of Academic Registrar's Department At The All-Saints University Lango, Kenneth Abong, David Luyombya

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

The delivery of services in an academic department relies on its ability to manage records through good records management practices. This study was carried out to examine the records management practices in the Academic Registrar’s Department (ARD) of All Saints University Lango (ASUL) and how they impact service delivery. The objectives were to examine the types of records kept, records management practices, and the associated challenges and recommend strategies for improvement. The study used a case study design with a qualitative approach that was employed in the study. Purposive and convenient sampling was carried out on the study participants. Data …

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The Effect Of Franchise No-Poaching Restrictions On Worker Earnings, Brian Callaci, Matthew Gibson, Sérgio Pinto, Marshall Steinbaum, Matt Walsh Sep 2024

The Effect Of Franchise No-Poaching Restrictions On Worker Earnings, Brian Callaci, Matthew Gibson, Sérgio Pinto, Marshall Steinbaum, Matt Walsh

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

We evaluate the nationwide impact of the Washington State attorney general’s 2018-2020 enforcement campaign against no-poach clauses in franchising contracts, which prohibited worker movement across locations within a chain. Implementing a staggered difference-in-differences research design using Burning Glass Technologies job vacancies and Glassdoor salary reports from numerous industries, we estimate a 6 percent increase in posted annual earnings from the job vacancy data and a 4 percent increase in worker-reported earnings.

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Preschool Availability In New Hampshire Public Schools, Eileen Elizabeth Murphy, Tyrus Parker, Carrie Portrie, Jess Carson Sep 2024

Preschool Availability In New Hampshire Public Schools, Eileen Elizabeth Murphy, Tyrus Parker, Carrie Portrie, Jess Carson

Carsey Publications

In spring 2024, researchers at the University of New Hampshire undertook data collection to better understand the landscape of preschool offerings in New Hampshire’s public schools. School districts provide preschool using a variety of models based on local needs. All public school districts must provide access to a free appropriate public education for preschool-aged children with an identified disability under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part B. Children identified under IDEA Part B have an Individualized Education Program, or IEP, to support their learning. Some districts receive Title I funding to include preschool opportunities for children who are …

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Examining How Adolescents From Underrepresented And Minoritzed Backgrounds View And Navigate Their Racial Ethnic Identity: Exploring The Impact Of Dominant Narratives And Counternarratives On Racial Ethnic Identity, Jesus Eduardo Ramos Sep 2024

Examining How Adolescents From Underrepresented And Minoritzed Backgrounds View And Navigate Their Racial Ethnic Identity: Exploring The Impact Of Dominant Narratives And Counternarratives On Racial Ethnic Identity, Jesus Eduardo Ramos

Dissertations

This study delves into the impact of dominant narratives on the perceptions of Racial Ethnic Identity (REI) among adolescents from underrepresented, minoritized backgrounds and assesses the effects of counternarrative interventions. It explores how racially oppressive messages in education and media shape self-perception and examines the potential of counternarratives in challenging stereotypes, promoting critical thinking, and advancing social justice. Utilizing a qualitative cross-case study design, the research involved 8 participants aged 12-14 who identified as Hispanic/Latino or Black/African. Data collection methods included demographic questionnaires, semi-structured pre- and post-intervention interviews, and reflection logs. The analysis employed constant comparison techniques and data triangulation …

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Identifying And Characterizing Cognitive Profiles In Midlife Females: A Latent Profile Analysis, Hannah Hagy Sep 2024

Identifying And Characterizing Cognitive Profiles In Midlife Females: A Latent Profile Analysis, Hannah Hagy

Dissertations

Females are at two-thirds greater risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) than males. Due to this notable sex difference in cognitive aging and disease burden, there has been an increased focus on understanding the critical role of the menopausal transition (decline in fertility during midlife) as it relates to cognitive functioning across midlife. Thus, the present cross-sectional study used a sample of midlife females at different stages in the menopausal transition (N=202; Age 40-60 years) as part of a larger, multimodal design study, to elucidate distinct cognitive profiles while accounting for education, which were then characterized by other demographic factors, …

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Generations After Us (Undergoing Stress): An Exploration Of Interpersonal Violence And Loss On Psychosocial Functioning At The Parent, Child, And Family Level, Kaleigh Valencia Wilkins Sep 2024

Generations After Us (Undergoing Stress): An Exploration Of Interpersonal Violence And Loss On Psychosocial Functioning At The Parent, Child, And Family Level, Kaleigh Valencia Wilkins

Dissertations

Previous studies propose that interpersonal violence and loss, parenting, and attachment each individually contribute to child and family distress. The following studies aimed to further explore these effects across and within various generational groupings. The first study explored exposure to community violence at the parent level and at the child level in an attempt to understand how such stress impacts parents’ perceptions of family functioning in African-American and Latine families. Findings suggested that family functioning is weakened the most when both a parent and adolescent are exposed and when just a parent was exposed. The second study examined differences in …

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Napping, Sleep, And Affect In Adolescents: A Daily Diary And Actigraphy Study, Elizabeth Rea Sep 2024

Napping, Sleep, And Affect In Adolescents: A Daily Diary And Actigraphy Study, Elizabeth Rea

Dissertations

Adolescents in the United States do not typically attain enough quality sleep at night due to a combination of biological maturation and academic and social commitments, leading to poor cognitive, mental, and physical health outcomes. Naps may compensate for inadequate sleep; however, little is known about how napping affects nocturnal sleep and mood over time among adolescents who are poor sleepers. The present study used daily diary and actigraphy data collected over 15 days in a sample of evening-chronotype, poor sleeping adolescents (n=99; Mage=15.85 (SD=0.99); 44% Male, 55% Female; 46% White, 30% Black, 12% More than one race, 8% Other, …

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Resiliency And Positive Childhood Experiences: Implications For Black Youths' Mental And Behavioral Health And School Engagement, Sharnequa Nashay Hunter Sep 2024

Resiliency And Positive Childhood Experiences: Implications For Black Youths' Mental And Behavioral Health And School Engagement, Sharnequa Nashay Hunter

Dissertations

Two independent studies were conducted to examine the buffering impact of positive childhood experiences on Black youths’ mental and behavioral health and school engagement outcomes. The purpose of Study 1 was to investigate the potential moderating effects of positive childhood experiences on the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and the occurrence of mental or behavioral health conditions (anxiety, depression, ADHD/ADD, and/or a behavioral/conduct problem) and school engagement, using secondary data from the 2020 National Survey of Children’s Health, a survey completed by primary caregivers. The study sample included 2,201 Black youth ages 6-17 across the United States. Logistic regression and …

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The Climate-Conflict Nexus: Urban Migration And Methodological Innovations, Elisa D'Amico Sep 2024

The Climate-Conflict Nexus: Urban Migration And Methodological Innovations, Elisa D'Amico

Dissertations

The link between climate change and conflict has become a topic of great concern in politics and academia. While existing literature has suggested a relationship between resource scarcity and conflict, innovative methods offer an opportunity to clarify causal paths. This study aims to build on the existing literature and parse integral components of the causal pathway linking climate events to conflict, with a particular focus on economic scarcity. Using a mixed-method approach, I investigate the mechanisms underlying the climate-conflict relationship through eight within-country analyses, exploring how varying levels of climate and migration contribute to conflict onset and examining other confounding …

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Understanding Stress, Strengths, And Strategies To Support Immigrant Youth: A Bundled Dissertation, Sarah Jolie Sep 2024

Understanding Stress, Strengths, And Strategies To Support Immigrant Youth: A Bundled Dissertation, Sarah Jolie

Dissertations

In the study of child development and mental health of Latine and immigrant and refugee youth, it is necessary to understand their cultural experiences and stress experiences in the U.S. The present project aims to address culture, stress, and the development of internalizing outcomes among Latine, immigrant, and refugee youth across two important stages of development: middle childhood and adolescence. The first study provides a comprehensive review of Latine children’s immigration experiences, the effects of exposure to multiple stressors, cultural factors, and intervention implications. The second study provides a focused examination of the impact of two culturally relevant stressors among …

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“I Really Like The Idea Of Being The Source Of Change”: The Perspectives Of Black And Latine Youth Experiencing Low Income About How Personal Change Occurs In Out-Of-School Group Programs, Kevin Miller Sep 2024

“I Really Like The Idea Of Being The Source Of Change”: The Perspectives Of Black And Latine Youth Experiencing Low Income About How Personal Change Occurs In Out-Of-School Group Programs, Kevin Miller

Dissertations

Structured out-of-school programs (OSPs) can be contexts in which youth can be producers of their own positive change (Eccles & Gootman, 2002). However, despite a considerable body of research documenting the benefits of participating in OSPs, there is a lack of knowledge about how youth of color in low-income communities define positive personal change in OSP settings. As a result, many OSPs and interventions designed for youth of color rely on adult practitioners’ or researchers’ perspectives of the change process, which may weaken program impact and fail to holistically meet youths’ developmental needs. This study uses a critical realist scientific …

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Asian Americans’ Experiences Of Covid-Related Discrimination: Collective Identity, Critical Consciousness, And Intergroup Solidarity, Han Na Lee Sep 2024

Asian Americans’ Experiences Of Covid-Related Discrimination: Collective Identity, Critical Consciousness, And Intergroup Solidarity, Han Na Lee

Dissertations

The outbreak of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has stirred fear and panic with a surge of anti-Asian hate in the United States. Racial discrimination was exacerbated by labeling COVID19 as “the Chinese virus” and blaming Asians and Asian Americans as the source of the virus. Within the exacerbated xenophobic and racist rhetoric since the COVID outbreak in 2019, racial discrimination was amplified towards anyone who phenotypically presented as “Asian.” It is unclear how various Asian ethnic individuals identify with their Asian American identity while experiencing the intensified discrimination. Specifically, experiencing COVID-related racism and group-based rejection may increase or decrease Asian …

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Can One-Party Dominant States Be Democratic? A Meso-Level Classification Of The Playing Field Of Hegemonic Party States., Adam Hii Sep 2024

Can One-Party Dominant States Be Democratic? A Meso-Level Classification Of The Playing Field Of Hegemonic Party States., Adam Hii

Dissertations

This project seeks to fill a gap in the regime classification literature on how to approach one-party dominant states. Historically, these states have been difficult to classify with numerous scholars expressing struggles in approaching these cases. Using the level electoral playing field, this study proposes a new meso-level classification scheme to create clearer regime classification for one-party dominant states. It uses three cases studies of current one-party dominant states to see if any of these regimes can realistically be considered democratic. The case study of Botswana in comparison to the other two one-party dominant states (Tanzania and Azerbaijan) as well …

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Child-Parent Psychotherapy In Child Welfare, Michelle Saulnier Sep 2024

Child-Parent Psychotherapy In Child Welfare, Michelle Saulnier

Dissertations

Objective: Child-Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) is a therapeutic model that works within the caregiver relationship with children 0 – 6 years old who have experienced trauma or maltreatment. This study utilized a mixed methods design to evaluate how CPP was implemented within a child welfare waiver project in one Midwestern city. This study also looks at various factors impacts on CPP service delivery outcomes and examines how CPP impacts child welfare outcomes within the context of a larger evaluation. Methods: A sequential mixed methods design was completed with descriptive, and correlation statistical analysis completed. In addition, person-time fixed level analysis was …

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Comparing Caregiver-Teacher-Adolescent Mental Health Reporting: Examining Changes Over Time And Related Outcomes Among Youth Involved In The Child Welfare System, Jennifer Osborne Sep 2024

Comparing Caregiver-Teacher-Adolescent Mental Health Reporting: Examining Changes Over Time And Related Outcomes Among Youth Involved In The Child Welfare System, Jennifer Osborne

Dissertations

The benefits of psychological assessment are particularly salient for children and youth in the child welfare system, as youth in contact with the system are more likely to experience mental health symptoms, disorders, and comorbidities as compared to youth in the general population. These assessments often utilize multiple reporters, as emerging evidence indicates that utilizing multiple more effectively captures the mental health experiences of children and youth. However, the extant literature has consistently observed only low-to-moderate (i.e., .2-to-.3) agreement across informants, including among dyads in contact with the child welfare system. Several factors are associated with level of agreement across …

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Associations Between Neighborhood Factors And Adherence In Youth With Spina Bifida: The Mediating Role Of Parental Stress And Youth Internalizing Symptoms, Breana Lyn Bryant Sep 2024

Associations Between Neighborhood Factors And Adherence In Youth With Spina Bifida: The Mediating Role Of Parental Stress And Youth Internalizing Symptoms, Breana Lyn Bryant

Master's Theses

Spina bifida (SB) is a birth defect that impacts physical, medical, and neuropsychological functioning. Physical complications like hydrocephalus and bladder dysfunction require daily adherence to complex medical regimens. Additionally, youth with SB are more likely to have symptoms of anxiety and depression which can impact their ability to master their regimens. Evidence in other pediatric populations have examined the impact of family factors, like parental stress, and individual-level predictors of self-management outcomes, yet few have examined how the broader context, like neighborhoods, impact outcomes. Therefore, the current study examined (1) the level of the neighborhood vulnerability and acute healthcare services …

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Rebuilding Risk Assessment Tools And Evaluating Their Effect On Recidivism In Illinois, Cristina Penate Sep 2024

Rebuilding Risk Assessment Tools And Evaluating Their Effect On Recidivism In Illinois, Cristina Penate

Master's Theses

This study seeks to examine the relationship between alternative measures of criminal history and recidivism in a cohort of convicted individuals released from prison in Illinois between 2010 and 2015. The current study expands on prior research by examining the relationship between prior criminal history and recidivism using alternative measures of both to account for potential bias resulting from differential policing activities that may lead to convictions. Traditionally, risk assessment instruments have relied on an individual’s total prior convictions for any offense and any re-arrest after release from prison. The current research developed a more nuanced measure of prior convictions …

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Understanding Teachers’ Responses To Parental Demands In The Midst Of Competing Responsibilities, Kathryn Battafarano Sep 2024

Understanding Teachers’ Responses To Parental Demands In The Midst Of Competing Responsibilities, Kathryn Battafarano

Master's Theses

This study builds upon a plethora of educational research and focuses specifically on middle school grade level teachers. I predominantly utilized qualitative interviews to understand how teachers respond to parental demands; these answers were supplemented by some quantitative data about their schools. The study configures information about teachers’ school environments and requirements, teachers’ interactions with parents, and how teachers deal with parental demands in relation to other demands and requirements. Effort was made to investigate how teacher experience, teaching style, and subject matter as well as school type (e.g., socio-economic makeup of the school) and school location influence parental demands …

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Using Focus Groups In Delphi Method To Conduct Participatory Research: Implications For Extension, Yulia Lamoureaux, Julia Van Soelen Kim, Vikram Koundinya Sep 2024

Using Focus Groups In Delphi Method To Conduct Participatory Research: Implications For Extension, Yulia Lamoureaux, Julia Van Soelen Kim, Vikram Koundinya

Journal of Extension

In this article, we describe an innovative way of using the Delphi method with community stakeholders. We modified the traditional Delphi method by conducting three consecutive virtual focus groups in combination with anonymous surveys at the end of each round. Focus groups provided a safe environment to exchange perspectives, express divergence of opinions, and explore areas of agreement, while surveys allowed the opportunity to express opinions anonymously. Extension practitioners can employ this innovative approach to the Delphi method to facilitate knowledge exchange, discussion, and dialogical consensus-seeking in an interactive focus group setting to gain more nuanced qualitative results.

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Segmenting Stakeholders For Effective Extension Education: A Case Study Of Sustainable Forestry Practices, Eli Typhina, Omoyemeh Ile, Robert E. Bardom Sep 2024

Segmenting Stakeholders For Effective Extension Education: A Case Study Of Sustainable Forestry Practices, Eli Typhina, Omoyemeh Ile, Robert E. Bardom

Journal of Extension

The article describes a participatory segmentation strategy, called the Actor Diagramming and Tracing Method, that enables Extension agents to tailor education initiatives. Using a case study, the authors demonstrate the method by segmenting North Carolina family forest landowners based on resources needed for sustainable forestry management. Instead of surveying select participants, as previous researchers have, the authors engage a diverse set of stakeholders through interviews, in-situ observations, and diagramming. Three segments emerged with explicit steps to engaging forest owners’ barriers and motivations, as well as a key factor to adoption of sustainable forestry practices: owners’ relationships/social networks.

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Agrivoltaic Decision Tools For Perennial And Field Crop Farmers, Jill Fitzsimmons, Tae-Hyun Kim Sep 2024

Agrivoltaic Decision Tools For Perennial And Field Crop Farmers, Jill Fitzsimmons, Tae-Hyun Kim

Journal of Extension

This article describes a series of spreadsheet-based tools to help farmers estimate costs, revenues, and yields from agricultural production under different configurations of agrivoltaic installations for field and perennial crops. Crop-specific log books allow farmers to project changes in activity-level costs from the field due to agrivoltaic installations. The whole-farm tool helps farmers aggregate activity-level net returns up to the farm level to calculate projections of trade-offs between crop production with or without agrivoltaic installations. We present tools for lettuce and cranberries, but the tools are comprehensive and inclusive and so can be modified for other perennial and field crops.

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Grit And The Military Service Member: How Cultivating Grit Enhances Performance, Resilience, And Mental Health, Phillip R. Jenkins Sep 2024

Grit And The Military Service Member: How Cultivating Grit Enhances Performance, Resilience, And Mental Health, Phillip R. Jenkins

Faculty Publications

The transition from asymmetric warfare to Great Power Competition has brought the role played by Airmen to the forefront of the conversation. When uncontested operations, superior weaponry, and more detailed intelligence are not guaranteed, the weight of victory rests on the shoulders of Airmen. The exploration of grit and the role it plays in the development and sustainment of mental wellness, resilience, and performance has emerged in this context as a linchpin quality. The idea that an inherent drive, determination, and strength of purpose could offset the impact of stress—both combat and noncombat—is deeply compelling. However, leaders cannot look to …

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News Frames For Covid-19 – A Comparison Of Australian (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) And Vietnamese (Tuoi Tre Online) Online News Services In Two Key Weeks In 2020, Viet T. Le, Lelia Green Sep 2024

News Frames For Covid-19 – A Comparison Of Australian (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) And Vietnamese (Tuoi Tre Online) Online News Services In Two Key Weeks In 2020, Viet T. Le, Lelia Green

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This article investigates the differences and similarities between the news frames used by online mainstream media in Vietnam and Australia when reporting COVID-19 in the early waves of the pandemic. The project uses constant comparative analysis to interrogate data gathered from two online news sources: ABC Online (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) in Australia, and Tuoi Tre Online in Vietnam. The article concludes that the Australian Broadcasting Corporation coverage focuses more on social, political and economic factors than is the case with Tuoi Tre Online, which foregrounds civic responsibility in response to the COVID-19 epidemic. The Australian Broadcasting Corporation highlights how COVID-19 …

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Covid Lockdown Impact On Education: Analyzing Test Scores By State And Age, Angel Watson, Abby Jenson, Hannah White Sep 2024

Covid Lockdown Impact On Education: Analyzing Test Scores By State And Age, Angel Watson, Abby Jenson, Hannah White

Undergraduate Research Symposium

The COVID pandemic lockdowns gave rise to profound changes around the world. From remote jobs to mask mandates, the US had to find ways to combat the pandemic. One of these ways was to enact lockdowns where people had to stay home if they were not “non-essential workers” and remain at least 6 feet away in public spaces. Some states implemented longer lockdowns with stricter mask mandates while others had no rigid mandates or lockdowns. This led to the mass shift to remote learning in school around the US. This study examines the relationship between lockdown length in the different …

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Cognition And Inflammation In Youth With Perinatal Hiv, Megan Niehaus, Julie Mannarino, Jacob Bolzenius, Tori Frerichs, Robert Paul Sep 2024

Cognition And Inflammation In Youth With Perinatal Hiv, Megan Niehaus, Julie Mannarino, Jacob Bolzenius, Tori Frerichs, Robert Paul

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Background: Perinatally acquired HIV (PHIV) remains a major global health challenge. Approximately 90% of the global population of PHIV reside in low- or middle-income countries (LMICs) where access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains incomplete, particularly for PHIV. With PHIV, the brain is exposed to the virus during critical periods of brain development without the immunological benefits from ART. Unlike adults with horizontally acquired HIV whose nadir CD4+ Tcell count is a strong correlate of cognitive difficulties that persist after sustained use of ART, cognitive symptoms among PHIV youth are independent of traditional HIV disease metrics. Prior studies indicate that PHIV …

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Should California Have Banned Red Dye 3? An Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis, Kaley Ware Sep 2024

Should California Have Banned Red Dye 3? An Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis, Kaley Ware

Undergraduate Research Symposium

On October 7, 2023, California passed the “California Food Safety Act,” which banned four food additives including Red Dye 3. This research explores whether California made the right decision to ban Red Dye 3 based on an economic Cost-Benefit Analysis. The major costs to California as a whole include the cost to food manufacturers and the cost of implementing the legislation. On the other hand, the major benefits to California residents include the reduced risk of thyroid cancer and fewer ADHD symptoms. After monetizing these costs and benefits, this Cost-Benefit Analysis results in a net gain (net present value) of …

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Employment Status & Opioid Use Frequency, Muhammad Mirza, Jake Sauer, Ryan Carpenter Sep 2024

Employment Status & Opioid Use Frequency, Muhammad Mirza, Jake Sauer, Ryan Carpenter

Undergraduate Research Symposium

Previously submitted; simply submitting poster

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