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Brigham Young University

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Articles 1 - 30 of 4714

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Communities Of Water: An Examination Of Cooperation And Conflict In Water Management Practices In The Central Peruvian Andes, Sylvie D. Littledale Apr 2022

Communities Of Water: An Examination Of Cooperation And Conflict In Water Management Practices In The Central Peruvian Andes, Sylvie D. Littledale

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores two examples of water management in the highland Peruvian villages, San Pedro de Llancha and San Antonio de Chinchina. One example is of cooperation and union between the two communities. The other is of conflict between the same two villages just 40 years prior. I examine ethnographic and ethnohistorical data from both the collaborative period and the conflictive period of these two communities’ relations over water. The data suggest that, while the outcomes of these two periods were drastically different, the processes through which these communities came into relation with one another were quite similar. Their communal ...

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Outdoor Air Pollution And Psychological Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis, Jeremy Stanley Bekker Apr 2022

Outdoor Air Pollution And Psychological Well-Being: A Meta-Analysis, Jeremy Stanley Bekker

Theses and Dissertations

Human life takes place as part of a global ecosystem, meaning that human mental health is at least partially tied to the health of the planet. Health experts who seek to promote psychological well-being should consider how changes to the broad ecological system may impact their efforts. Given the potential impact of the environment on human well-being, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact of air pollution on subjective well-being. The goal of this project was to outline the current state of the research on these constructs and provide a clear framework for what research is still needed. Nonsignificant ...

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Witches, Victims, And Villains: #Metoo And The Political Polarization Of Sexual Violence, Hannah Shoaf Apr 2022

Witches, Victims, And Villains: #Metoo And The Political Polarization Of Sexual Violence, Hannah Shoaf

Theses and Dissertations

The MeToo movement, which sought to combat sexual violence, evolved into a partisan problem, where support for or against the movement fell across party lines. This polarization negatively impacted the progress of the MeToo movement, fitting the larger pattern of increasing polarization in the United States. My thesis seeks to understand the politicized nature of sexual violence and to explore what language and themes are drawn on to politicize conversations around sexual violence by using the MeToo movement as a case study. My thesis found that the political polarization of sexual violence increased during the MeToo movement (and especially during ...

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Psychometric Properties Of The Survey On Flourishing (Surf) In A Nationally Representative Adolescent Sample, Gus C. Salazar Apr 2022

Psychometric Properties Of The Survey On Flourishing (Surf) In A Nationally Representative Adolescent Sample, Gus C. Salazar

Theses and Dissertations

Background: Adolescent subjective well-being is a topic that has gained significant focus over recent years. This focus is reflected in the formation of measurement tools and interventions used to better understand and improve adolescent mental health. While these are important steps, there still exist problems related to adolescent subjective well-being measurement. Notably, current measurement tools are limited in their content, applicability to various populations, and in their accessibility. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to examine the psychometric properties of the Survey on Flourishing (SURF) when used with a nationally representative adolescent sample. The SURF aims to address some ...

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Orienting Pacha: Value As Action In The Late Horizon Xauxa-Pachacamac Axis, Ridge C. Anderson Apr 2022

Orienting Pacha: Value As Action In The Late Horizon Xauxa-Pachacamac Axis, Ridge C. Anderson

Theses and Dissertations

The Andean Late Horizon (ca. AD 1438–1532) was a period of exceptionally rapid and far-reaching cultural change. Over this short span of only a few generations, the Inka ethnic group established an empire that was greater in size than any other pre-colonial American polity. The Inka accomplished their expansion without the use of certain institutions (i.e., a standing army, formal writing system, monetary system, or price-setting markets) that the received anthropological wisdom has long held as being necessary preconditions to imperial expansion. Standard explanations of Late Horizon culture change tend to overemphasize the roles of environmental constraints, social ...

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Returning Thanks To God And Others: The Relational, Prosocial, And Emotional Consequences Of Transcendent Indebtedness, Jenae Marie Nelson Apr 2022

Returning Thanks To God And Others: The Relational, Prosocial, And Emotional Consequences Of Transcendent Indebtedness, Jenae Marie Nelson

Theses and Dissertations

Gratitude and indebtedness facilitate cooperative relationships and altruism. Although most of the world endorses some belief in God, gratitude and indebtedness to God have not received adequate empirical attention. The "Gratitude to God" research initiative was created to address this gap, of which the current project is an appendage. This project encapsulates a multiphase research proposal, including three parts; a pilot study and two experimental studies. The purpose of the pilot study (N = 475) was to create and test experimental manipulations for the two experimental studies. Experiment 1 (N = 659; highly religious emerging adult sample) was a 3x2 experimental design ...

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The Caregiver's Conflict: The Toll Of Death And Dying On Nurses' Mental Health And Wellbeing, Madison Brown Apr 2022

The Caregiver's Conflict: The Toll Of Death And Dying On Nurses' Mental Health And Wellbeing, Madison Brown

Student Works

A major responsibility for nurses is caring for patients during the end-of-life process, as well as helping families and patients cope with the death and dying process. It is well known that death and dying greatly impacts families, but little holistic research has been done on how death and dying impacts nurses’ mental and emotional wellbeing. Using databases Google Scholar, Web of Science, and EBSCO, 14 articles were analyzed regarding the impact of death on nurses’ mental health. Results show that the age of a patient plays a bigger role on death impact than nursing specialty does, as younger patients ...

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Critical Incidents In Sustaining A Behavior Management Level System With Special Education Students In A Self-Contained School, Stephanie Johnson Apr 2022

Critical Incidents In Sustaining A Behavior Management Level System With Special Education Students In A Self-Contained School, Stephanie Johnson

Theses and Dissertations

Level systems provide systematic support for teachers and students who need additional behavior support. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the perspectives of faculty members from a self-contained school, for special education students with severe behavior needs, which has sustained the use of a school-wide, behavior management level system for nearly 30 years. A total of 11 faculty members were interviewed using the critical incident technique, a qualitative methodology used as an exploratory tool in early stages of research. Interviews detailed the observable behaviors and specific events, critical incidents, that helped or hindered the sustainability of their school ...

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Effects Of Autonomy, Competence, And Relatedness On Employee Outcomes: A Literature Review, Joseph Wilson Apr 2022

Effects Of Autonomy, Competence, And Relatedness On Employee Outcomes: A Literature Review, Joseph Wilson

Student Works

Most business organizations understand that employees are an essential part of their success and as such, much research has gone into understanding the most effective ways of eliciting favorable employee outcomes. The self-determination theory (SDT) is one result of the extensive research that has been done on the topic. SDT suggests a relationship between positive employee outcomes and the satisfaction of employees’ three basic psychological needs (TBPN): autonomy, competence, and relatedness. This literature review was undertaken to examine empirical studies that have researched the ways psychological needs are satisfied, and the effects of the TBPN on employee outcomes in the ...

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Physical Aspects Of Sexuality, Attachment, And Sexual Satisfaction, Chelsea Zollinger Allen Apr 2022

Physical Aspects Of Sexuality, Attachment, And Sexual Satisfaction, Chelsea Zollinger Allen

Theses and Dissertations

Healthy sexuality includes relational, emotional, and physical elements (Busby et al., 2021). However, there are gaps in what is known about the physical aspects of sexual relationships. Genital acceptance and physical sexual knowledge are two areas of physical relationships that may have an effect on the satisfaction of sexual relationships. Attachment, namely levels of anxious and avoidant attachment, is another factor that has been related to sexual relationships (Allsop et al., 2021; Bennett et al., 2019; Busby et al., 2020). Results from a dyadic sample of 515 couples who had been in a relationship for at least two years were ...

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Parents Of Children With Asd: The Effects That Having A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder Has On Parents And Families, Emma Fisher Apr 2022

Parents Of Children With Asd: The Effects That Having A Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder Has On Parents And Families, Emma Fisher

Student Works

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a largely prevalent disorder that is typically first diagnosed at a young age. This diagnosis can have extreme effects on the family members of these children with the parents or guardians receiving the greatest impact of these effects. Having a child with ASD can be detrimental to a parent’s mental health as well as to the family’s functioning capabilities. This literature review found and reviewed 11 articles to interpret the psychological effects that having a child with ASD has on parents. Additionally, this article aimed to determine the effectiveness of intervention programs that ...

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Psychological Distress Of Spousal Caregivers Of Older Adults: The Moderating Role Of Marital Quality, Avalon White Apr 2022

Psychological Distress Of Spousal Caregivers Of Older Adults: The Moderating Role Of Marital Quality, Avalon White

Theses and Dissertations

Caregiving, specifically caregiver burden, is commonly related to decreased psychological well-being. Conversely, marital quality is positively related to psychological well-being, though existing literature presents mixed findings as to whether or not a gender difference exists in this relationship. The current study examined the relationship between objective and subjective spousal caregiver burden and psychological distress with marital quality as a moderator. Gender differences in this relationship were also explored. 1,066 spousal caregivers from the National Study of Caregiving (NSOC) were used to estimate cross-sectional moderation models and plot significant interactions in Mplus. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between subjective ...

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Maternal Depression Moderated By Family Resources When Children Have Developmental Disabilities., Timothy B. Smith, Terisa P. Gabrielsen Apr 2022

Maternal Depression Moderated By Family Resources When Children Have Developmental Disabilities., Timothy B. Smith, Terisa P. Gabrielsen

Faculty Publications

Children with developmental disabilities require extensive parental involvement in intervention, but parents with depression may be less able to intervene effectively. We examined prevalence of depression symptoms and predictors among 131 mothers of children with disabilities enrolled in early childhood special education. Participants completed several self-report measures of depression and child and family functioning. Children were directly evaluated using the Battelle Developmental Inventory. One year later, 68 mothers repeated self-report measures. Participants (30%) reported elevated depression symptoms across time. Depression scores were correlated with parental stress and family resources. An interaction between higher maternal depression and higher child functioning with ...

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Kindness In The Bardo: Empathy As A Catalyst For Healing In Victims Of Dissociation, Julia Dorothea Chopelas Apr 2022

Kindness In The Bardo: Empathy As A Catalyst For Healing In Victims Of Dissociation, Julia Dorothea Chopelas

Criterion: A Journal of Literary Criticism

In George Saunders’ Lincoln in the Bardo, a host of undead characters find themselves in a spiritual limbo based on the bardo. Although they won’t admit it to themselves, Roger Bevins III and Hans Vollman are most certainly dead. Despite their supernatural makeup as ghosts, Bevins and Vollman bear strong psychological resonance with the living: they are human, heartbroken, and lost. For the ghosts of Oak Hills Cemetery, the inefficient coping mechanism of dissociation perpetuates their afterlife imprisonment in the bardo. Bevins and Vollman suffer from a variety of dissociative symptoms, their minds’ psychological defense against the trauma that ...

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Modernizing The Birds And The Bees: New Standards For Sexual Education, Ashley Whetten, Katie Whitehead Apr 2022

Modernizing The Birds And The Bees: New Standards For Sexual Education, Ashley Whetten, Katie Whitehead

Brigham Young University Prelaw Review

Conversations surrounding sexual education usually revolve around comprehensive sexual education curricula and abstinence-only until marriage curricula. These conversations and the federal funding budgets that developed from these programs prevent innovation and modernization of sexual education programs. Furthermore, research has demonstrated major flaws in both curricula. This paper does not argue for one approach to sexual education over another; instead, the proposals in this paper aim to bridge long-standing disputes on sexual education by creating a new standard of sexual education that also addresses the major downfalls of both current curricula. In order to qualify for funding the program would require ...

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Be With Me: Well-Being And Singling Contact; The Moderating Role Of Autistic Traits, Michelle Lupien Lieber Mar 2022

Be With Me: Well-Being And Singling Contact; The Moderating Role Of Autistic Traits, Michelle Lupien Lieber

Theses and Dissertations

Sibling contact (synchronous or asynchronous) in young adulthood may have implications for individual well-being (health, life satisfaction & depressive symptoms). This link may be moderated by each individuals' traits, specifically autistic characteristics. Current literature has examined sibling contact, mediums of contact, autism relationships, but has yet to consider sibling contact moderated by autistic traits. This study analyzed data from 390 young adults 61% female, mean age = 25.65) who gave self-reports over two collection waves. Structural Equation Models found that regardless of autistic traits, synchronous contact was linked with increased life satisfaction as well as lower depressive symptoms, and asynchronous contact ...

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The Word That Encompasses It All, Olivia Baird Mar 2022

The Word That Encompasses It All, Olivia Baird

Family Perspectives

Serving as a volunteer in Ghana for three months gave Olivia several opportunities to learn what it means to really love others. Here are a few of her experiences and how they taught her what love means.

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The New Bride’S Guide To Overcoming “Post-Wedding Depression”, Sierra Livermore Mar 2022

The New Bride’S Guide To Overcoming “Post-Wedding Depression”, Sierra Livermore

Family Perspectives

It can be confusing and discouraging to feel depressed after marrying the love of your life. Here are four tips to help.

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Pushing Through The Unimaginable, Emily Schofield Mar 2022

Pushing Through The Unimaginable, Emily Schofield

Family Perspectives

Tips and encouragement for those supporting a loved one who is grieving.

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Homeschool: The New Way To Do School, Mckinzi Godfrey Smith Mar 2022

Homeschool: The New Way To Do School, Mckinzi Godfrey Smith

Family Perspectives

The impact that COVID-19 had on the educational system and how it can work for you.

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How To Be A Ghostbuster, Malia Villarreal Mar 2022

How To Be A Ghostbuster, Malia Villarreal

Family Perspectives

Most individuals who are in the dating world know what it means to be ghosted. Read about some ideas for how to deal with it and you can become a Ghostbuster too.

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Staying Close While Living Apart, Larae Hilton Lemich Mar 2022

Staying Close While Living Apart, Larae Hilton Lemich

Family Perspectives

This article is Larae’s personal description of what living apart from her spouse has been like over the past eleven years. They did not want the physical distance to affect their personal, emotional, or spiritual connections, so they consciously made the effort to keep their marriage alive and thriving.

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Intentional Screen Time, Anika Meyers Mar 2022

Intentional Screen Time, Anika Meyers

Family Perspectives

In a world of increasing technology, it's common to find screen time interfering with family time. Here are a few guidelines to consider that may help you and your family be more intentional about your technology use

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Socialization And Body Image, Elizabeth Madsen Mar 2022

Socialization And Body Image, Elizabeth Madsen

Family Perspectives

One’s perception of their own body image can be affected by social media in a negative way and can lead to self-objectification, increased frequency of unprotected sex, increased mental health issues, lower levels of self-esteem, and decreased sexual satisfaction in both men and women.

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Financial Literacy: From Parent To Child, Emilynn Jarvis Bleazard Mar 2022

Financial Literacy: From Parent To Child, Emilynn Jarvis Bleazard

Family Perspectives

Starting earlier is better in helping children develop the healthy attitudes, behaviors, and skills they need to become financially independent in early adulthood.

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Intrinsic And Extrinsic Religious Orientations And The Development Of Emerging Adults, Livy Andrus Mar 2022

Intrinsic And Extrinsic Religious Orientations And The Development Of Emerging Adults, Livy Andrus

Family Perspectives

Encouraging emerging adults to internalize basic religious doctrines, instead of focusing on outward actions and appearances, provides them with hope, peace, and life purpose.

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Group Psychotherapy For Pain: A Meta-Analysis, Cameron Todd Alldredge Feb 2022

Group Psychotherapy For Pain: A Meta-Analysis, Cameron Todd Alldredge

Theses and Dissertations

Chronic pain is common and frequently interferes with people’s regular functioning and reduces quality of life. Though pharmacological approaches are used most frequently to treat pain-related issues, the side effects of these medications often lead to other problems. Group therapy has been used and studied for decades in treating pain though it’s general efficacy for addressing pain is not clear. Objectives: to determine group therapy’s efficacy for patients with pain-related issues and whether the effects are moderated by study, patient, leader, or group characteristics. Method: potential articles were selected from searches completed in major databases based on ...

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God, Me, And Thee: Associations Between Religion, Sexuality, And Marital Connection, Rebecca Walker Clarke Feb 2022

God, Me, And Thee: Associations Between Religion, Sexuality, And Marital Connection, Rebecca Walker Clarke

Theses and Dissertations

There is a well-established and positive association between religiosity and marital satisfaction. What is less clear is the effect of religiosity on marital sexual outcomes, with research findings that have run the gamut from negative to positive. Given that most religions teach that marriage is the divinely appointed context for a sexual relationship, religious persons who are married and in sexual relationships could have a different experience with sex than those who are not in a marital sexual relationship. Although the majority of the population in the United States is religious, sex in religious marriages has received scant research attention ...

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Full Issue Jan 2022

Full Issue

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

No abstract provided.

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Think About It: Using Mindfulness As A Means To Treat Eating Disorders, Gabriella C. Breen Jan 2022

Think About It: Using Mindfulness As A Means To Treat Eating Disorders, Gabriella C. Breen

Intuition: The BYU Undergraduate Journal of Psychology

Eating disorders are complicated and prevalent issues among the general population; it is estimated that 30 million people are affected in the United States alone (Foundation for Research and Education in Eating Disorders, 2018). Because of the complex psychological nature of eating disorders, it is difficult to find a treatment that is broadly effective. Traditional therapies include cognitive behavioral therapy, dialectical behavioral therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy. In recent years, mindfulness has emerged as a potentially effective way to treat eating disorders due to its ability to reduce maladaptive coping strategies, improve emotional regulation, and treat anorexia nervosa (Cowdrey ...

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