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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Protecting Farmland In Maryland: A Review Of The Agricultural Land Preservation Program, Craig Shollenberger Mar 2025

Protecting Farmland In Maryland: A Review Of The Agricultural Land Preservation Program, Craig Shollenberger

The Geographical Bulletin

During the past ten to twelve years, we have witnessed an acceleration in the conversion of farmland to non-agricultural uses. The rate of conversion averaged approximately three million acres per year between 1970 and 1980. The loss of farmland has been more acute in some states than others. For example, New Hampshire and Rhode Island could lose all their prime farmland by the year 2000 if present rates continue. West Virginia could lose 73% of its prime farmland, Connecticut 70%, Massachusetts 51%, Maryland 44%, Vermont 43%, and Utah 35% if current trends continue.

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A Study Of Student Reaction To Overhead Projection Of Map Concepts, Horace Macmahan Mar 2025

A Study Of Student Reaction To Overhead Projection Of Map Concepts, Horace Macmahan

The Geographical Bulletin

More often than not, the most conspicuous teaching device in any college or university classroom is the overhead projector. It has become so essential to many instructors that it remains in the room as a permanent fixture. But how effectively do transparencies projected onto a screen convey the ideas that we want to teach? For example, does overhead projection of map images enhance the learning of map concepts? Or would chalkboard sketches of map symbols, elevation contours and so forth be a more receptive teaching medium?

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Astronomical Geography: An Examination Of The Early American Literature, James W. Vining Mar 2025

Astronomical Geography: An Examination Of The Early American Literature, James W. Vining

The Geographical Bulletin

Judging from textbooks in geography, there must be educational value in starting with the general and proceeding to the specific, an application of the deductive approach. It is not uncommon today for introductory physical geography and earth science textbooks to precede the examination of the planet's interior, land-water surface, and atmosphere with a brief survey of the fundamentals of astronomy. Not only is this true today, it has been true from the beginnings of American geography, as this study documents. Specifically, this paper examines the information on astronomy in geography school books published before 1850 for the purposes of determining …

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The Dark Heart Of Europe: Culture Conflict In Transylvania, Dean Sinclair Mar 2025

The Dark Heart Of Europe: Culture Conflict In Transylvania, Dean Sinclair

The Geographical Bulletin

The Dark Heart of Europe: Culture Conflict in Transylvania

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Editor's Comments Guest Editorial Applied Geography: Retrospect And Prospect, Charles F. Gritzner Mar 2025

Editor's Comments Guest Editorial Applied Geography: Retrospect And Prospect, Charles F. Gritzner

The Geographical Bulletin

Just as the wayward Christian often seeks atonement and salvation during troubled times of crisis, so too has geography knelt before the altar seeking to be born again. In the judgment of some, we have sinned. We have worshiped false idols and turned our backs to the desperate cries of even our own followers. Now we ourselves plead for understanding, a new perspective, and redemption. A voice calls out, warning us that there is but "one Lord, one faith, one baptism." As Christians, we know we have heard Truth; as geographers, aware of the many perceptions of god held by …

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Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords

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Volume 22 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Volume 22 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 22 Complete Issue

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News From The Chapters 1982-83, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

News From The Chapters 1982-83, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

News from the Chapters 1983

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Comments On Robert Ward's Apathy, Sharafat Khan Mar 2025

Comments On Robert Ward's Apathy, Sharafat Khan

The Geographical Bulletin

I am a firm believer in quality research and teaching. Thus I was very pleased to read Robert Ward's comments regarding "apathy" on the part of the students to produce and submit quality research papers for publication. While I am in congruence with most of the comments, I do, however, feel that Dr. Ward is rather overly critical than one might expect. Dr. Ward fails to consider the many pressures under which most students must work, especially at the graduate level. I am not making .any excuses nor attempting to protect the student body, but I feel that this dimension …

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A Crack In The Dustbowl, Robert Garino Mar 2025

A Crack In The Dustbowl, Robert Garino

The Geographical Bulletin

Dust storms have been a common occurrence in the southwestern plains of the United States. Thus, the name "dustbowl" is an apt one given to a region which includes the central part of the six state area of Texas, New Mexico, Colorado, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska (Figure 1). Before the 1930s, there had been periodic droughts in this region, but the dusty conditions that accompanied them had always been restricted to the drought stricken area. Since the population of this region was relatively small, and few acres of land were farmed, the dust severely affected only a small number of …

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Some Engineering Aspects In Industrial Site Selection*, Stuart Vaughn Mar 2025

Some Engineering Aspects In Industrial Site Selection*, Stuart Vaughn

The Geographical Bulletin

To begin with, let us separate industrial site development into two broad categories: (1) that which is decided very early in the study by a corporation in its home office involving the general geographic region in which it wants to locate and (2) those field investigations carried on by personnel such as myself where we actually look at specific potential industrial sites in the field. Although many facts influence a decision by our Company on what region to locate a new plant in, the most pertinent are those factors that directly influence the operational costs of the plant. These are …

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Terrain Variables And The Distribution Of Mass-Wasting Sites, Canyonlands National Park, Utah, David R. Butler Mar 2025

Terrain Variables And The Distribution Of Mass-Wasting Sites, Canyonlands National Park, Utah, David R. Butler

The Geographical Bulletin

Canyonlands National Park is located in the wildest part of southeastern Utah (Figure 1). The Park was created by an Act of Congress in 1964. Roughly 1,170 square kilometers of canyons and mesas are preserved in the Park. Included are portions of the Green and Colorado Rivers which join in the southern third of the Park. Several subregions within the Park are recognized.

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The Historical Development Of Delta Air Lines, Malcolm Fairweather Mar 2025

The Historical Development Of Delta Air Lines, Malcolm Fairweather

The Geographical Bulletin

In 1979, the last year for which complete statistics are available, the airlines of the United States carried a record 317 million passengers over 262 billion passenger miles. Although gross revenues increased to $27 billions that year, net earnings plummeted from $1,197 millions in 1978 to $409 millions in 1979. Soaring fuel costs were the main culprit for the earnings reduction. These increased by 89 percent in a single year and accounted for $2.3 billions in increased expenditures.' In spite of a poor financial year, U.S. scheduled air carriers did provide 84.6 percent of intercity public passenger miles generated in …

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The Historical And Philosophical Emergence Of Radical Geography, Johnathan Bascom Mar 2025

The Historical And Philosophical Emergence Of Radical Geography, Johnathan Bascom

The Geographical Bulletin

Throughout the modern history of geography Pattison's four traditions-area studies, land-man relations, spatial theory, and physical geography have basically encompassed the philosophical stances toward the discipline. Within the last decade, however, American geographers have seen the reemergence of a fundamentally different approach to the discipline-radical geography. Despite earlier European radical geographers such as Peter Kropotkin (1890's) and Karl Wittofogel (1920's), American radical geography's historical roots are found in the late 1960's for two primary reasons. First, the politically intense sixties bred a disenchanted society open to change. The two key political events of the decade, the Civil Rights Movement and …

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Editor's Comments: Geography And Self- Analysis, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Editor's Comments: Geography And Self- Analysis, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

What is the future of geography as a discipline taught in American schools? Will it be recognized by those who decide curricula for elementary and high schools as a necessary component of a young person's training? If not, should we be surprised to find declining interest in the subject at many of our colleges and universities? If you answered "no" to these questions, then you can anticipate further erosion of support for the subject by administrators at institutions of higher education.

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Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords

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News From The Chapters 1982-83, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

News From The Chapters 1982-83, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

News from the Chapters 1983

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Volume 24 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Volume 24 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 24 Complete Issue

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The Migration Of U. S. Retirees To Guadalajara, Mexico: A Case For Environmental Preference Migration, Virgil Holder Mar 2025

The Migration Of U. S. Retirees To Guadalajara, Mexico: A Case For Environmental Preference Migration, Virgil Holder

The Geographical Bulletin

There is an increasing amount of literature on environmental preference migration.2 Edward Ullman, probably the first geographer to publish a comprehensive review on the subject of environmental preference migration, suggested that migration models must be revised to account for the effect of amenities, specifically physical attractions such as climate and landforms, in producing migration streams.3 Articles in Time4 and U.S. News and World ReportS indicate that the reasons for the dramatic shift of the American population is due largely to a preference for areas with environmental amenities. The purpose of this paper is to examine the migration of retirees from …

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Automated Photo Interpretation Research And Geo-Based Information Usage In The U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers, David Stern Mar 2025

Automated Photo Interpretation Research And Geo-Based Information Usage In The U.S. Army Corps Of Engineers, David Stern

The Geographical Bulletin

Most of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE) Computer Assisted Photo Interpretation Research (CAPIR) program is centered around the use of the APPS-IV analytical stereo-plotter.' This computer supported photogrammetric instrument performs stereomodel set-up, threedimensional digitizing in a continuous stereo environment, data bank creation, mapping, and superposition.2 The initial Corps of Engineers demonstration of CAPIR technology, using the APPS-IV plotter, involved compilation of a digital data base (land cover fuse, topography, and structure inventory) to project economic flood damages in a reach of the Clinton River basin of Michigan. Two other demonstrations slated by the Corps involve: (1) mapping historical …

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Electricity Transmission In Michigan's Central Upper Peninsula: Problems And Prospects, Elwood J. C. Kureth, Carl F. Ojala Mar 2025

Electricity Transmission In Michigan's Central Upper Peninsula: Problems And Prospects, Elwood J. C. Kureth, Carl F. Ojala

The Geographical Bulletin

Historically, overall economic development in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan has been slow relative to the remainder of the state. Many factors have contributed to such a lag: most may be grouped under the general geographic concept of accessibility. A variety of barriers to accessibility have had a negative impact on the expansion of the region. For example, distance from major markets in southeastern Michigan and Wisconsin and a harsh winter environment in the Upper Peninsula are two barriers commonly noted. However, another significant barrier exists which affects the development of the Upper Peninsula. It is the relative unavailability of …

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Airline Deregulationgood, Bad Or Difficult?, Michael Zibell Mar 2025

Airline Deregulationgood, Bad Or Difficult?, Michael Zibell

The Geographical Bulletin

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The following people have greatly contributed to the research of this paper. I wish to thank each of them for sharing their time and expertise. Ms. Lynn Roska, travel consultant with Capitol Court Travel Service and personal friend. Mr. Richard Robison, Manager of Passenger and Cargo Sales for Eastern Air Lines, Wisconsin region, a 35 year member of the Great Silver Fleet. Capt. W. R. "Uncle Dick" Bomar, (Ret) Former Chief Pilot for Eastern Air Lines, personal friend and respected pilot.

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Geography: Academic Cross Stitching, Alice T. M. Rechlin Mar 2025

Geography: Academic Cross Stitching, Alice T. M. Rechlin

The Geographical Bulletin

Yet another variation on the theme of geography in a liberal arts education is offered here for your examination. These words have been inspired in part by the guest editorial of Charles F. Gritzner entitled, "Applied Geography: Retrospect and Prospect" that appeared in the May, 1983 issue of The Geographical Bulletin, and in part by the necessity some of us perceive for strengthening geography's position in liberal arts curricula.

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Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Cover And Forewords, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Cover and Forewords

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Volume 25 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Volume 25 Complete Issue, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Volume 25 Complete Issue

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Career Titles Of Gtu Alumni Members, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

Career Titles Of Gtu Alumni Members, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

Career Titles of GTU Alumni Members

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News From The Chapters 1983, Robert M. Ward Mar 2025

News From The Chapters 1983, Robert M. Ward

The Geographical Bulletin

News from the Chapters 1983

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Monitoring Population Pressure In The Semiarid Zone Of Kenya, Isaac Sindiga Mar 2025

Monitoring Population Pressure In The Semiarid Zone Of Kenya, Isaac Sindiga

The Geographical Bulletin

Population pressure is a maladjustment between resources of a community and its population. This maladjustment worsens when the population increases at a faster rate than the development of the economy. The pressure leads to the deterioration of land resources and low, risky income opportunities and widespread poverty. Kenya's population growth rate of 4 percent per year is one of the highest in the world. Its populationresource relations are deteriorating and foreshadow the country's future. In the semi-arid and arid parts of the country, especially those occupied by traditional pastoral people, population pressures are particularly serious. Here, the pressures of people …

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A History Of Urban Development In The U.S.S.R., Ernest T. Hendrix Mar 2025

A History Of Urban Development In The U.S.S.R., Ernest T. Hendrix

The Geographical Bulletin

It need hardly be emphasized that a nation the size of the Soviet Union consolidation under a central government was not a simple task, but the culmination of an ongoing historical process. In order to consider the present stage of development, it should be viewed in its historical context. This will aid in understanding the reasons for the communist revolution and the central planning scheme which resulted. EARLY RUSSIAN HISTORY Early Russian history began in approximately 400 AD. when eastern Slavonic tribes (Russians) called Antae migrated to what became Russian territory from the vicinity of the Prepit marshes and neighboring …

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Guiding Principles And Use Of Government Subsidies In The Development Of The High Mountain Regions Of Switzerland And Bavaria, Elsa T. Schmidt Mar 2025

Guiding Principles And Use Of Government Subsidies In The Development Of The High Mountain Regions Of Switzerland And Bavaria, Elsa T. Schmidt

The Geographical Bulletin

The major contention of this paper is that the development incentive programs of German and Swiss national governments are justified if they bring about an increase in productivity and national income. However, they must also preserve the ecological environment, cultural landscape, and nature areas of the Alpine setting. A comparative study of regional development policies of Switzerland and the German State of Bavaria is used to determine how each national government allocates its regional development subsidies and the results they hope to obtain.

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