Dairy Science Commons^™

Youth Competitors Gain Benefits From Horse Show Judges' Training Program, Pat Evans, S. Mckendrick, J. Wesley, J. Smith

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

This article details how youth benefit from a horse show judges’ training program. While judging is subjective, with training, judges can be more consistent in their placings, with the better horses and/or riders being placed at the top of the class. With qualified judges, youth can be more confident that they will be evaluated in a fair and consistent manner during each show all season long.

Effect Of Processing On The Composition And Microstructure Of Buttermilk And Its Milk Fat Globule Membranes, Pierre Morin, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Yves Pouliot

Dairy Science

The effect of cream pasteurization on the composition and microstructure of buttermilk after pasteurization, evaporation and spray-drying was studied. The composition of milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) isolated from buttermilk samples was also characterized. Pasteurization of cream resulted in higher lipid recovery in the buttermilk. Spray-drying of buttermilk had a significant effect on phospholipid content and composition. After spray-drying, the phospholipid content decreased by 38.2% and 40.6%, respectively in buttermilk from raw or pasteurized cream when compared with initial buttermilks. Pasteurization of cream resulted in the highest increase in whey protein recovery in MFGM isolates compared with all other processing …

Interview With Melissa & Rod Volbeda, Willamette Valley Cheese, 2007 (Audio), Melissa Volbeda, Rod Volbeda

All Sustainability History Project Oral Histories

Interview of Melissa and Rod Volbeda by Magda Gaytan on August 6th, 2007.

Willamette Valley Cheese Company tour photos available for download.

Digestibility Of Limit Fed High And Low Concentrate Diets With Corn Silage As The Sole Forage For Dairy Heifers With Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Rumen Fermentation Patterns Of Dairy Heifers Fed Restricted Amounts Of High, Medium, And Low Concentrate Diets And The Addition Of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, G. J. Lascano, A. J. Heinrichs

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Free-Stall Base On Tarsal Joint Lesions And Hygiene In Dairy Cows, W. K. Fulwider, T. Grandin, D. J. Garrick, T. E. Engle, W. D. Lamm, N. L. Dalsted, B. E. Rollin

Housing and Confinement of Farm Animals Collection

The objective was to quantify the incidence of tarsal lesions and level of hygiene by stall bed type. Cows were scored on 100 dairies from Wisconsin, Minnesota, Indiana, Iowa, and New York in the fall and winter. Thirty-eight dairies used rubber-filled mattresses (RFM), 27 had sand beds, 29 had waterbeds, and 6 used compost packs (CPk). Stocking density, stall dimensions, bedding amount, bedding frequency, and type of bedding were recorded. One pen of early-lactation multiparous cows on each dairy was scored based on injury of the tarsal joints at the lateral and medial surfaces and tuber calcis at the dorsal, …

A Comparison Of Pyronin Y-Methyl Green Stain And Methylene Blue Stain For Somatic Cell Count In Sheep Milk, Emily Mirek, Stacey O’Donnell

Senior Honors Projects

Somatic cell count is a key method used to evaluate the quality of milk in today’s growing dairy sheep industry. Somatic cells are body cells, primarily the white blood cells, found in a milk sample. If an infection such as mastitis is present, the number of somatic cells in the milk increases (Gonzalo, et al. 1992). Producers routinely perform somatic cell counts on cow and goat milk. For dairy cattle in the United States, the somatic cell count can not exceed 750,000 cells per milliliter, for commercial milk. For dairy goats the accepted limit is 1,000,000 cells per mL of …

Investigating The Role Of Transcription Factor Ap-2�� In Reproduction, Anne Rachelle Howlett

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

The proper formation of gametes is critical for the propagation of species and for the fertility of the individual. The molecular pathways involved in gamete formation remains elusive, therefore, identification of genes involved is an important prerequisite to further our understanding of reproduction. This research will improve infertility treatments and prevention methods in animals and humans. We created mutants that lacked AP-2�� transcription factor after the mouse had entered meiosis and initiated folliculogenesis. The AP-2�� mutants were still fertile and phenotypically similar to normal mice that expressed AP-2�� transcription factor. We also produced mutants that lacked AP-2�� transcription factor during …

Ua66/5/2 Newsletter, Wku Department Of Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter regarding programs, events, students and alumni of the WKU Agriculture department.

2006 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Dairy Milk House Waste Water In Kentucky, Anshu Singh, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Gail M. Brion

Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications

This study focuses on characterization of milk house waste water from eight different farms in Kentucky. The farms were separated into three groups based on the number of cows: small (20-30), medium (30-60), and large (over 60 cows). Samples were collected once a month from four farms and twice a month from the remainder. Samples were analyzed for chemical, biochemical, and microbiological characteristics. Results indicated a large and significant variation in the chemical and microbiological characteristics between the farms. Farm size had a significant effect on the nutrient content of the waste water. Though samples exhibited seasonal variation, there was …

Returns To R&D Investment Of Dafwa: Benefit Cost Analysis, 2005-2006, Nazrul Islam

Bulletins 4000 -

The primary outcome or objective of the projects that are assessed, is to increase the market competitiveness and profitability of agri-industry.

The Jackrabbit Dairy Review, Vikram Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

No abstract provided.

Lipid Binding Characterization Of Lactic Acid Bacteria In Dairy Products, D. Bachiero, Salvador Uson, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2007 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

Effects Of Refrigeration And Calcium On Whey Protein Aggregation, M. R. Costa, Guillaume Brisson, M. L. Gigante, Phillip S. Tong, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Abstract of paper presented at the 2007 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.

Dairy Digest 2007, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Flavor Partition And Fat Reduction In Cheese By Supercritical Fluid Extraction: Processing Variables, Jessica L. Yee, Hany Khalil, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

Developing low-fat cheese with flavor to match that of full-fat cheese has been a challenge in the dairy industry. The objective of this investigation was to develop lower fat Cheddar and Parmesan grated cheese using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and characterize its flavor profile comparative to a full-fat product. Specifically, enabling flavor compound partition between the matrices of cheese and extracted lipids. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) was the supercritical fluid for fat extraction. Extraction took place in a 500 mL SFE vessel using 100 g of grated cheese. Fractional factorial design was utilized to investigate two levels of treatment …

Intracellular Lipids In Bos Indicus And Box Taurus Oocytes, Casey Bryant Ballard

LSU Master's Theses

It has been proposed that Bos indicus when compared with Bos taurus embryos are more sensitive to cryopreservation procedures due to higher intracellular lipid content of the embryos. With cyropreservation of Bos indicus embryos increasing for export, it is essential to improve the viability of these cryopreserved embryos. In Experiment I, M-II oocytes from mice, pigs and cows were subjected to two different procedures to evaluate lipid content. The lipid content present in pig oocytes was significantly (P<0.05) higher when compared with mouse and cow oocytes. Pig oocytes had a lower settling point in the sucrose buoyant density gradient and higher Nile Red units, which indicated higher lipids present in the oocytes. In Experiment II, it was determined that M-II oocytes aspirated from superstimulated Brahman donors were significantly higher (P<0.05) in lipid content compared with English breed donors. The lipid content present in Brahman oocytes was higher when compared with English breeds when tested with a sucrose buoyant density gradient and Nile Red staining. In addition, donor females with higher body condition scores were significantly (P<0.05) higher in oocyte lipid content when compared with donor females of lower body condition scores. Furthermore, animal body condition scores, cholesterol and triglyceride levels prior to oocyte aspiration may be indicators of intracellular lipids in the oocytes and embryos. To our knowledge, this is the first report that evaluated intracellular lipid content of M-II oocytes of different beef breed types using a sucrose buoyant density gradient and Nile Red staining.

Use Of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes To Enhance In Vitro Fermentation Of Alfalfa Hay And Corn Silage, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin, H. Schulze

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Two in vitro experiments were performed to identify promising exogenous fibrolytic enzyme products (EFE) and optimum dose rates (DR) for improving the degradation of alfalfa hay and corn silage. The relationship between enzymatic activity and fermentation responses was examined to identify optimum formulations. In experiment 1, 5 EFE containing mainly endoglucanase and xylanase activities, with different ratios between the 2 activities, were assessed at a DR of 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1 mg/g of DM forage. Milled alfalfa hay or corn silage was incubated in an in vitro batch culture with buffer, ruminal fluid, and EFE. Gas production (GP) was measured …

Enhancing In Vitro Degradation Of Alfalfa Hay And Corn Silage Using Feed Enzymes, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

A series of in vitro fermentation experiments was performed to assess the effects of 4 feed enzyme products (FE) that varied in enzymatic activities on the degradation of alfalfa hay and corn silage. The FE contained a range of endoglucanase, exoglucanase, xylanase, and protease activities, and a range of dose rates (DR) was used. The objective of the study was to identify effective formulations and optimum DR, and to establish if combining FE would further improve fiber degradation. For alfalfa hay, quadratic increases in gas production and degradation of dry matter (DM) and fiber were observed for all FE, with …

Influence Of Ph And Heat Treatment Of Whey On The Functional Properties Of Whey Protein Concentrates In Yoghurt, Isabelle Sodini, Jerry Mattas, Phillip S. Tong

Dairy Science

Our aim was to investigate how two conditions of whey processing, pH and heat treatment, affect the physical properties of stirred yoghurts fortified to 45 g protein kg⁻¹ with whey protein concentrates (WPC). Cheddar whey was heated at pH 6.4 or pH 5.8 at 72 °C for 15 s, eventually heated further at 82 or 88 °C for 78 s, ultrafiltered, and spray dried. Resulting WPC contained 38% protein; the denaturation level of the whey protein was 10–53%. There were significant (P

A Comparative Study Of The Fractionation Of Regular Buttermilk And Whey Buttermilk By Microfiltration, Pierre Morin, Yves Pouliot, Rafael Jiménez-Flores

Dairy Science

The use of a ceramic microfiltration (MF) membrane for the fractionation of buttermilk and whey buttermilk obtained from pilot scale churning of cream and whey cream from industrial sources has been studied. Whey buttermilk contained comparable amounts of phospholipids compared to regular buttermilk but its protein content was lower due to the absence of caseins. However, it was found that lipid content of whey cream did vary significantly between lots resulting in important variations in the fat content of whey buttermilk. A twofold MF concentration of regular buttermilk doubled its phospholipids content whereas that of whey buttermilk was increased by …

Ua66/5 Newsletter, Vol. I, Issue 1, Wku Agriculture

WKU Administration Documents

Newsletter created by WKU Agriculture Department re: faculty/staff, students/alumni, student organizations and clubs and donors.

17th Biennial Cheese Industry Conference, Various Authors

Cheese Industry Conference

No abstract provided.

2005 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Performance Of Pre And Post-Partum Weather Stressed Cows Supplemented With Yeast Culture, Fabian Ortiz

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Livestock have been fed yeast as a feed supplement for more than 100 years Stone, C. 00). Yeast is a microscopic, single cell fungi of the plant kingdom. Of the 50,000 species of fungi, only 60 different genera of yeast representing about 500 different species exist. A few of these are used commercially in the animal feed industry as active dry yeast or yeast culture (Kreger, van Rij, 1984). Yeast culture consists of live yeast cells, plus the medium on which yeast is grown. Yeast products are commonly fed as pro-biotics, but little is known about their effects. Some studies …

Anaerobic Digester Use In Dairy Farms In The United States, Shaun Elsasser

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Anaerobic digestion is a highly efficient process, trapping the methane gas from cow manure and processing it into energy. The steep initial capital costs make anaerobic digesters short-term liabilities, but the long-term benefits far outweigh the long-term costs. An anaerobic digester unit will begin to show a profit after approximately five years of operation. During the lifetime of the unit, estimated at 15 years, the digester will have produced about $ 1,000,000 in profits for the dairy farm, while also providing invaluable benefits to society as a whole.

The Grazing Of Cattle In The Southern Pastoral Areas Of Western Australia, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Land resources best practice series

The Land Administration Act 1997 requires a pastoralist to manage and work the land within a pastoral lease to its best advantage and use methods of best pastoral and environmental management practice to achieve sustainable land use. The Pastoral Lands Board will use these best management practices as a guideline.

The Grazing Of Cattle In The Northern Pastoral Areas Of Western Australia : Best Management Practice Guidelines, Department Of Agriculture And Food, Western Australia

Land resources best practice series

The Land Administration Act 1997 requires a pastoralist to manage and work the land within a pastoral lease to its best advantage and use methods of best pastoral and environmental management practices to achieve sustainable land use. The Pastoral Lands Board will use these best management practices as a guideline.

High-Risk Human Papilloma Virus Infection Decreases The Frequency Of Dendritic Langerhans’ Cells In The Human Female Genital Tract, Rafael Jiménez-Flores, Rene Mendez-Cruz, Jorge Ojeda-Ortiz, Rebeca Muñoz-Molina, Oscar Balderas-Carrillo, Maria De La Luz Diaz-Soberanes, Serge Lebecque, Sem Saeland, Adrian Daneri-Navarro, Alejandro Garcia-Carranca, Stephen E. Ullrich, Leopoldo Flores-Romo

Dairy Science

Dendritic cells (DC) are often arranged in planar layers in tissues with high antigenic exposure, such as skin and mucosae. Providing an en face view, this arrangement optimizes in situ analysis regarding morphology (even of individual dendrites), topographic distribution (regular/clustered) and quantification. The few reports on human genital DC usually utilize single markers and conventional sections, restricting immunolabelling only to cell parts sectioned by the cut. To better assess DC in situ, we labelled epithelial sheets, prepared from fresh cervix biopsies, with antibodies to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-CII, CD1a and Langerin, revealing (with each of these markers) a dense …