Dairy Science Commons^™

Three Common Hoof Problems In Dairy Cows: What To Look For And How To Prevent Them, Drew Swartz, Kalen Taylor, Jacob Hadfield, Justin Wyatt Clawson

All Current Publications

This fact sheet covers the three most common hoof lesions in dairy cows and explains why they matter and how to prevent them on your farm.

Nighttime Or Daytime? How Milk Melatonin Levels Relate To Differential And Somatic Cell Count In Dairy Cow Milk, Eleonora Dall'olio, Claudio Cipolat-Gotet, Melania Andrani, Valeria Cavalli, Giovanni Ferri, Mario Baratta, Roberta Saleri, Fabio De Rensis

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study investigates the impact of winter nighttime versus daytime milking on melatonin concentration in milk and explores its relationship with somatic cell count (SCC) and differential somatic cell count (DSCC). Milk samples were collected from 40 Holstein cows at 12-hour intervals (04:00 AM Night samples and 04:00 PM Day samples) during the winter season (11 h of light and 13 h of darkness). The relationship between melatonin content, SCC and DSCC was assessed. Night milk had significantly higher melatonin levels (15.63 ± 1.90 pg/mL) compared to day milk (6.80 ± 0.75 pg/mL). SCC was significantly lower in night milk …

Rumen-Protected Methionine Supplementation Improves Lactation, Oxidative Status, And Immune Response During A Subclinical Mastitis Challenge In Lactating Dairy Cows., Anita Paz Lopez

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Mastitis is a significant problem in the dairy industry, posing numerous challenges for dairy farmers worldwide. Mastitis refers to the inflammation of the mammary gland, primarily caused by bacterial infections. This condition affects the health and well-being of dairy cows and has severe economic implications for farmers and overall dairy production. The prevalence of mastitis substantially threatens milk quality, productivity, and profitability, making it a top concern in the dairy industry. Preventing mastitis in cows is crucial for maintaining the herd's health and ensuring highquality milk production. Nutritional strategies have recently gained greater attention due to a direct impact on …

Ruminal Protection And Intestinal Availability Of Rumen-Protected Methionine And Lysine In Lactating Dairy Cows, Sara Menchu

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rumen protected Methionine (MET) and Lysine (LYS) are critical for milk protein synthesis in dairy cows. N-acetyl-L-methionine (NALM) is a MET derivative that consists of L-Met protected with an acetyl group that is attached to the α-amino group.N-acetyl-L-lysine (NALL) is a LYS derivative that is similarly protected. The objectives of these studies were to quantify the gastrointestinal availability of NALM and NALL. Three experiments were run as 3 × 3 Latin square using 3 second lactation Holstein cows that have been fitted with cannulas in the rumen and duodenum. The cows …

Effect Of Brown Midrib Corn Silage And Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Lactational Performance And Nitrogen Utilization By Dairy Cows, Hugo A. Ramirez

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Thirty six Holstein cows, four ruminally cannulated, (mean ± SD, 111 ± 35 DIM; 664 ± 76.5 kg BW) were used in replicated 4×4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of brown midrib (bm3) and conventional (DP) corn silages, and the inclusion of dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) on milk production and N utilization. In each 28 d period cows were assigned to one of four treatments: DP plus 0% DDGS (CON); bm3 plus 0% DDGS (BMR); DP corn silage plus 30% DDGS (DP+DG); and bm3 plus 30% DDGS (BMR+DG). Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.01) for cows consuming bm3 (25.8 VS 24.4 ± 0.47 kg), likewise for DDGS (24.3 and 25.9 ± 0.47 kg/d for 0 and 30%). Compared to DP hybrid, NDFD was higher (P < 0.01) for bm3 (32.5 VS 38.1 ± 1.79%). There was a hybrid × DDGS interaction (P < 0.01) for total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and rumen pH as the highly digestible treatment BMR+DG resulted in the highest VFA and the lowest pH. Milk yield was not affected by treatment and averaged 30.6 ± 1.09 kg/d. Milk protein yield (MPY) was greater (P < 0.01) for bm3 and DDGS treatments. There was a hybrid by DDGS interaction (P = 0.02) for milk fat yield (MFY) resulting in 1.03, 1.08, 0.84 and 0.78 ± 0.045 kg/d for DP, BMR, DP+DG and BMR+DG. Fat corrected milk (FCM) was affected by DDGS (P < 0.01) and averaged 30.0 and 26.4 ± 1.0kg/d (0% and 30% inclusions). Urinary N excretion was similar among treatments; however fecal N was lower (P = 0.03) for diets containing bm3 corn silage which caused lower (P = 0.02) manure N. These results indicate that bm3 corn silage and DDGS increase DMI, NDFD and MPY; however high inclusion of corn silage with 30% DDGS reduces FCM. Nitrogen excretion was reduced when cows consumed bm3.

Lameness And Locomotion Scoring Of Dairy Cows, Haley Lynne Aquino

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Ruminal And Plasma Responses In Dairy Cows To Drenching Or Feeding Glycerol, Peter Linke

The Journal of Undergraduate Research

Four Holstein dairy cows (137 DIM, 60 kg milk/d) were used in a Latin square with 1-wk periods to evaluate the effect of methods of oral delivery of glycerol on ruminal VFA and plasma concentrations of glucose, 6-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA), nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and insulin. All cows were fed only grass hay for ad libitum consumption during 12 h before the experiment. At the start of the experiment, time 0, all cows were fed 5 kg of cracked corn. Treatments administered at time 0 were: 1) control (C), no glycerol; 2) fed glycerol (F), 1 kg of glycerol solution (80% …

Effects Of Mechanical Processing On The Nutritive Value Of Barley Silage For Lactating Dairy Cows, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin, S.-H. Hong, W. Z. Yang

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Mechanical processing of whole crop barley before ensiling may be useful for improving nutrient use by dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of feeding mechanically processed barley silage as the main forage source on lactational performance. Twenty-four Holstein cows, 16 primiparous (187±52 days in milk) and 8 multiparous (87±69 days in milk) cows, were used in a completely randomized design with a 2-wk covariate period and a 6-wk treatment period. The 2 treatments were: 1) total mixed ration (TMR) containing regular barley silage (RBS-TMR), and 2) TMR containing mechanically processed barley silage (MPBS-TMR). Barley …

Production And Intake Responses Of Dairy Cows Fed Four Levels Of Malic Acid, Juan Carlos Martinez Alferez

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Thirty-two lactating cows were assigned at random to four treatments of malic acid to determine if these levels had an effect on milk production, milk composition, feed intake, and efficiency of feed utilization. Malic acid allotment for each treatment consisted of 1) 15.4, 2) 11.6, 3) 7.7, and 4) 0 grams of malic acid fed per kilogram of concentrate. Concentrate was fed according to production at a rate of one kilogram per two kilograms of milk in excess of 9.1 kilograms of milk per cow daily. Alfalfa hay was fed free choice and corn silage at a rate of 11.4 …

Mastitis : Its Prevention And Control. 1. The Udder In Health And Disease, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

This is the first of a series of four articles on mastitis which will appear in consecutive issues of the Journal of Agriculture.

This is an introductory article describing the cow's udder in health and disease.

Acetonaemia In Dairy Cows, F C. Wilkinson

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

ACETONAEMIA is a common disease of newly calved cows in the dairying districts of Western Australia.

Affected cows practically dry off and lose a lot of body condition; these are the main causes of loss to the owners.

A Simple Feeding Guide : Balanced Rations For Dairy Cows, K Needham

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

MANY technical articles have been written on the nutrition of dairy cattle and the methods employed in compounding a balanced ration have often been explained.

This article aims to present the principles of compounding a balanced ration in a simplified form, and suggests rations which should be easily adopted on any dairy farm.

Selection Of Dairy Heifers, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE time is approaching on most dairy farms when a decision has to be made on which of the year's crop of heifers are to be retained.

Replacements are needed not only to keep up herd numbers, but also to increase the average production.

This is herd improvement—surely the aim of all dairy farmers.

Don't Neglect Those Dry Cows, Department Of Agriculture, Western Australia

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

WHEN a dairy cow becomes pregnant she is normally milking and has some months to go before being dried off.

It is usual at this stage for dairy farmers to provide the best feed available.

Cull Your Dairy Cows On Production, R A. Bettenay

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Good production and breeding records are essential to allow effective culling of dairy cows, says Busselton Agricultural Adviser R. A. Bettenay, B.Sc. (Agric.) in this article, in which he outlines points to take into account when culling the herd.

Mineral Supplements, Laurence C. Snook

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

TJRODUCTIVE dairy cows have a high mineral requirement. A deficiency can cause lowered milk production and poor health may result if it is not corrected.

Thirsty Cows Are Poor Milkers, S R. Dunstan

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

THE HOT summer weather is not far away, and now is a good time for the whole milk producer to attend to those points which will ensure that milk production is maintained at a high level during this period.

Can Heifers Be Fed Too Well?, Laurence C. Snook

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

DURING recent years, emphasis has been given to the results of experiments conducted overseas, which appear to show that when heifers are generously fed, this reduces their ability to produce milk in later life.

As a result, some dairymen now believe that heifer calves should be kept lean rather than in prime condition.

It has become common to hear statements to the effect that generous feeding encourages calves to become "beefy," at the expense of the milk-producing attributes which are essential in a dairy cow.

Conception Rate In Dairy Cattle By Artificial Insemination At Various Stages Of Estrus, George W. Trimberger, H. P. Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

A breeding experiment with 295 dairy cows and heifers of the Jersey, Guernsey, Ayrshire, and Holstein breeds was conducted in the University of Nebraska dairy herd. The females were given artificial services at various stages of estrus to determine the effect of time of service upon conception. The results obtained indicate the potential benefits in higher percentage of conception in females bred during the middle of estrus, toward the end of estrus, and those bred in full heat and rebred in 24 hours. The latter is usually not very practical, especially in artificial breeding rings, but there are occasions when …

The Effect Of Pregnancy And Parturition On The Weight Of Dairy Cows, R. F. Morgan, H. P. Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

A study was made of the effect of pregnancy and parturition upon the weight cycle of dairy cows of the Ayrshire, Guernsey, Holstein, and Jersey breeds according to gestation periods from data accumulated from records for the period 1922 to 1934 of the dairy herd of the Dairy Husbandry Department of the University of Nebraska. The weights of the cows were obtained from three consecutive weighings made at the middle of each month and daily weighings beginning at the 265th day of pregnancy and continuing for 30 days after calving. A total of 656 separate gestation periods were tabulated according …

The Influence Of Number Of Daily Milkings On The Production Of Dairy Cows, R. F. Morgan, H. P. Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

High-producing Holstein, Jersey, Ayrshire, and Guernsey cows of various ages milked three times daily produced from 39.69 to 52.26 per cent more fat and from 44.98 to 65.18 per cent more milk than cows milked twice daily. When high-producing cows of all breeds milked four times daily were compared with cows milked twice daily, the fat production for the several age classes varied from 110.19 to 127.53 per cent and the milk production from 149.08 to 160.31 per cent greater for those milked four times. Milking high-producing cows four times as compared with three times daily showed an increased fat …