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Articles 1 - 30 of 46
Full-Text Articles in Dairy Science
Liquid Chromatography With Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development For The Determination Of Β–Defensins In Bovine Milk, Symone T. Whalin
Liquid Chromatography With Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method Development For The Determination Of Β–Defensins In Bovine Milk, Symone T. Whalin
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Bovine mastitis, caused by a wide array of pathogens, results in a substantial economic loss for the dairy cattle livestock industry. β-defensins are a part of the bovine’s innate immune system and act as the first line of defense against mastitis. Only foundational research has been done on β-defensins’ ability to treat and prevent mastitis. There have been no analytical methods reported in the literature for analyzing β-defensins in bovine milk. This research aims to create an analytical approach to determine β-defensins in bovine milk. It is challenging to determine an analyte in a complex sample matrix, and milk is …
Understanding Milk Consumption Habits Among College Students In Order To Redesign Outreach, Stacey F. Stearns, Adam N. Rabinowitz
Understanding Milk Consumption Habits Among College Students In Order To Redesign Outreach, Stacey F. Stearns, Adam N. Rabinowitz
The Journal of Extension
College students consume less dairy milk than in the past. Increased competition in the beverage aisle influences their choices. However, much of the population is not meeting the recommended intake guidelines for calcium. A survey of undergraduate college students with university dining plans focused on milk consumption habits, beverage choices, and student attitudes toward healthful foods and nutrition. Results are guiding Extension program educational outreach campaigns to college students. By focusing on the healthful and nutritional benefits of milk, Extension educators could increase consumption among college age consumers, and their long-term healthful outcomes.
Occurrence Of Aflatoxin And Zearalenone In Concentrate Feeds And Milk Contamination With Aflatoxin M1 And Bacterial Pathogens In Malawi, Chunala Alexico Njombwa
Occurrence Of Aflatoxin And Zearalenone In Concentrate Feeds And Milk Contamination With Aflatoxin M1 And Bacterial Pathogens In Malawi, Chunala Alexico Njombwa
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Multiple studies were conducted in Malawi to: 1) evaluate knowledge and perception of dairy farmers towards molds, mycotoxins and associated adverse effects; 2) evaluate dairy farmers’ knowledge and perception on milk contamination, proper milk handling practices and adverse health effects associated with raw milk consumption; 3) determine levels of aflatoxins and zearalenone (ZEN) in concentrate feedstuffs; 4) assess prevalence and levels of aflatoxin M1(AFM1) in raw milk, dietary exposure and estimate HCC risks to children and adults; 5) assess Salmonella and E. colicontamination in raw and processed milk from selected small scale farms and major …
Deliberate Exercise Of Pregnant Holstein Heifers Improves Milk Composition During Lactation, J. Johnson, P. Steichen, B. J. Bradford, A. E. Rhodes, T. G. Rozell
Deliberate Exercise Of Pregnant Holstein Heifers Improves Milk Composition During Lactation, J. Johnson, P. Steichen, B. J. Bradford, A. E. Rhodes, T. G. Rozell
Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports
Exercise has substantial impacts on systemic physiology, but little research has been conducted to assess how it may influence dairy cattle in modern confined production systems. Dairy heifers were walked for up to 45 minutes, 4 days per week for 8 weeks during pregnancy to assess impacts on subsequent health and productivity. Heifers that were exercised had increased milk protein and solids-not-fat concentrations for up to 15 weeks into lactation, and increased milk fat and energy-corrected milk production at some time points during this period, as compared to sedentary contemporaries. No adverse or beneficial effects of exercise were found on …
Phenotypic Association Between Lactose And Other Milk Components In Western Us Dairy Herds And Japan, Takuji Asami
Phenotypic Association Between Lactose And Other Milk Components In Western Us Dairy Herds And Japan, Takuji Asami
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Lactose in milk has relatively low variation regardless of season, breed, or country. The study of lactose concentration and correlation among other milk components is limited. Furthermore, dairy farmers have limited access to the lactose data and are not familiar with it. This study was conducted to: 1) investigate the phenotypic correlation between lactose and other milk components; and 2) determine the importance of lactose for dairy herds.
Monthly DHIA records from Utah (DHIA), Dairy Herd Performance Test (DHTP) records from Ibaraki, Japan, and California herd average data (CHAD) covering 27 states were used to analyze the relationships between milk …
Monitoring Yogurt Culture Fermentation And Predicting Fermentation Endpoint With Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Timothey P. Mains, Frederick Alan Payne, Michael P. Sama
Monitoring Yogurt Culture Fermentation And Predicting Fermentation Endpoint With Fluorescence Spectroscopy, Timothey P. Mains, Frederick Alan Payne, Michael P. Sama
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Determination of the endpoint of yogurt culture fermentation is a process parameter that could benefit from automation. The feasibility of using a fluorescence sensor technology based on 280 nm excitation and 350 nm emission to predict the endpoint of yogurt culture fermentation was investigated and compared with the endpoint prediction from a near-infrared (880 nm) light backscatter sensor. Yogurt cultures with three levels of milk solids (8%, 10%, and 12%) and three temperatures (40°C, 43°C, and 46°C) were tested with three replications in a 3 x 3 factorial design (n = 27). Prediction models were developed for each optical measurement …
Estudio De Factibilidad Para La Creación De Una Planta Pasteurizadora De Leche En El Corregimiento De Palermo, Magdalena, Melissa Jaramillo Yarce, Julio Hernandez Movilla
Estudio De Factibilidad Para La Creación De Una Planta Pasteurizadora De Leche En El Corregimiento De Palermo, Magdalena, Melissa Jaramillo Yarce, Julio Hernandez Movilla
Zootecnia
Por medio de este trabajo se determinó la factibilidad técnica y económica del montaje de una planta pasteurizadora de leche en el municipio de Palermo, Magdalena durante el segundo semestre del 2013, con el fin de darle un valor agregado a la leche producida en los municipios de Pivijay y Sitio nuevo Magdalena, manejando un rango de utilidad en el producto final que sea asequible para los estratos 1 y 2 de Barranquilla, aportando a mejorar la seguridad alimentaria de una de las zonas más afectadas por la desnutrición infantil. El estudio se divide en 5 fases, el primer estudio …
Dairy Herd - Level Prevalence Of Johne's Disease And Bvd In The Intermountain West Of The U.S.A. And Farm Management Practices And Characteristics For Test-Positive Herds, David J. Wilson, Kerry A. Rood, C. Whitehouse, J. Bunnell, G. M. Goodell, T. M. Byrem
Dairy Herd - Level Prevalence Of Johne's Disease And Bvd In The Intermountain West Of The U.S.A. And Farm Management Practices And Characteristics For Test-Positive Herds, David J. Wilson, Kerry A. Rood, C. Whitehouse, J. Bunnell, G. M. Goodell, T. M. Byrem
Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications
Herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD) and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus were estimated on dairy farms in Utah. Duplicate milks were collected at 3-4 day intervals on 5 dates from each bulk tank on participating farms. Samples were tested at separate laboratories for BVD (real-time, RT-PCR) and for JD/MAP (ELISA and qPCR). 151/209 (72%) eligible dairy farms participated. Farms detected positive were: 58 JD (38%) and 14 BVD (9%); 5 farms had both diseases. Follow up visited farms’ (n=22) means, medians: 778,420 milking cows; 20,052 lbs, 20,311 lbs 305d milk; 175,545/ml, …
Absorption And Utilization Of Choline And Vitamin B12 In Lactating Dairy Cows Using Different Delivery Methods, Virginia Maria Artegoitia Etcheverry
Absorption And Utilization Of Choline And Vitamin B12 In Lactating Dairy Cows Using Different Delivery Methods, Virginia Maria Artegoitia Etcheverry
Doctoral Dissertations
Choline and vitamin B12 are essential nutrients for growth and performances of production animals. However, both nutrients are extensively degraded during digestion in the rumen. This thesis comprised three experiments. First, four cows equipped with a rumen cannula and catheters in the portal vein and a mesenteric artery received a post-ruminal bolus of: 1) cyanocobalamin (CN-CBL) alone (0.1 g) [gram], 2) CN-CBL (0.1 g) + casein (10 g) or 3) CN-CBL (0.1 g) + whey proteins (10 g). After the bolus, blood samples were taken until 24 h [hour] post-bolus. The intestinal absorption of CN-CBL was greater when the vitamin …
Tracking Heat-Resistant, Sporeforming Bacteria In The Milk Chain: A Farm To Table Approach, Maricarmen Estrada Anzueto
Tracking Heat-Resistant, Sporeforming Bacteria In The Milk Chain: A Farm To Table Approach, Maricarmen Estrada Anzueto
Department of Food Science and Technology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Sporeforming bacteria (such as Bacillus and Paenibacillus spp.) can survive pasteurization conditions (Collins, 1981) and grow in pasteurized fluid milk during refrigerated storage (Huck et al., 2008; Ivy et al., 2012), causing fluid milk spoilage and limiting the further extension of fluid milk’s shelf life (Fromm and Boor, 2004; Durak et al., 2006). Moreover, Bacillus and related genera have been found in raw milk, pasteurized milk and environmental samples from dairy farms, indicating that these organisms are ubiquitous in nature and can enter the milk chain from different sources (Huck et al., 2007b; Huck et al., 2008; Ranieri and Boor, …
Johne's Disease, Mycoplasma And Bvd In Utah - Bulk Tank Milk Testing And Comparison To Previous Regional Prevalence And Individual Herd Results Over Time, David J. Wilson, Kerry A. Rood, J. Bunnell, C. Whitehouse, G. M. Goodell, T. M. Byrem
Johne's Disease, Mycoplasma And Bvd In Utah - Bulk Tank Milk Testing And Comparison To Previous Regional Prevalence And Individual Herd Results Over Time, David J. Wilson, Kerry A. Rood, J. Bunnell, C. Whitehouse, G. M. Goodell, T. M. Byrem
Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications
Dairy herd-level prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), causative agent of Johne’s disease (JD), Mycoplasma spp., and Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) virus were estimated in Utah and surrounding states and compared to previous surveillance results. Milk was collected at 3-4 day intervals on 5 dates (duplicate samples) from each bulk tank on participating farms, samples analyzed separately. One frozen sample was shipped to a laboratory for JD/MAP testing with ELISA and real-time PCR, the other paired sample was shipped to another laboratory for mycoplasma and BVD testing. Mycoplasma was cultured on modified Hayflick medium, standard methods; BVD testing was …
Increasing California Dairy Exports To Japan And South Korea, Kristina Soper
Increasing California Dairy Exports To Japan And South Korea, Kristina Soper
Dairy Science
The opportunities for increasing exports of California dairy products to the Japanese and South Korean markets were determined by identifying current obstacles in the California dairy industry and determining the characteristics of consumers in the Japanese and South Korean markets. As the largest milk-producing state and the supplier of 7.5% of total U.S. dairy exports, California’s economic activity greatly affects the rest of the nation and the world. The trends in the California dairy industry include increasing total milk production and per-cow milk production, a diminishing number of total dairy operations, and a rising number of large dairy operations. These …
Consumer Perception Of Organic Milk, Christina Puetz
Consumer Perception Of Organic Milk, Christina Puetz
Dairy Science
The objective of this study was to determine the potential factors, reasons and beliefs that contribute to college aged consumers’ choice to purchase organic milk. The data were from survey of students using questions that were modeled after consumer issues and concerns over conventional milk as discussed in the literature review. This study was particularly interested in exploring differences between students in agriculture classes and non-agriculture classes. The literature referenced came from a variety of sources, including scientific journals, online articles, milk advisory boards, and governmental agencies. According to the literature review, consumer concerns and reasons for purchase of organic …
Method And System For Lactose-Free Or Lactose-Reduced Milk And Associated Products, Production Thereof, And Associated Processes, Joseph H. Hotchkiss, Joey Talbert
Method And System For Lactose-Free Or Lactose-Reduced Milk And Associated Products, Production Thereof, And Associated Processes, Joseph H. Hotchkiss, Joey Talbert
Joey Talbert
A system and method capable of hydrolyzing lactose, where the system includes a support formed from a functionalized hydrophobic polymer that is covalently linked to a hydrophilic molecule covalently that is, in turn, covalently linked to an enzyme such as lactose. The method includes the steps of functionalizing a hydrophobic polymer support, covalently linking a hydrophilic molecule to said functionalized polymer support, and covalently linking an enzyme such as lactase to said hydrophilic molecule. The system and method generally relate to the field of food science and engineering and, more particularly to dairy-based food products and their production including solutions …
Variations In Carotenoids In Plasma From Jersey Cows At An Organic Dairy Compared To A Conventional Dairy Over Time, Jillian M. Smith
Variations In Carotenoids In Plasma From Jersey Cows At An Organic Dairy Compared To A Conventional Dairy Over Time, Jillian M. Smith
Honors Theses and Capstones
Interest in organic milk is increasing. By USDA Certified Organic standards, animals must be fed on pasture for a minimum of 120 days. Research indicates that various factors such as diet impact the nutritional quality and composition of milk. The objective of this study was to understand how feeding practices affected bovine plasma carotenoid concentrations over time. Plasma samples were collected from 9 cows fed on pasture at an organic dairy and from 9 cows fed total mixed ration (TMR) at a conventional dairy. Components were extracted from the plasma and separated via High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Results showed that …
The Efficacy Of Antibiotic Residue Screening Tests For The Detection Of Natural Antimicrobials In Milk, Stacey L. O'Donnell
The Efficacy Of Antibiotic Residue Screening Tests For The Detection Of Natural Antimicrobials In Milk, Stacey L. O'Donnell
Master's Theses
No abstract provided.
Got Controversy - Milk Does, Margaret Sova Mccabe
Got Controversy - Milk Does, Margaret Sova Mccabe
Law Faculty Scholarship
This article analyzes ongoing controversy over how to best label rBST-free milk. Recombinant bovine somatotropin is a genetically engineered drug administered by some farmers to their dairy herds to increase milk production. FDA first approved its use in 1994, despite great controversy. The FDA also issued labeling guidelines that allowed voluntary disclosure of rBST-free milk, so long as it carried the disclaimer that no difference could be detected between milk produced with rBST and rBST-free. The controversy continues today as consumers express a preference for rBST-free milk and many rBST-free producers label their milk this way. "Conventional" milk (with rBST) …
A Comparison Of Pyronin Y-Methyl Green Stain And Methylene Blue Stain For Somatic Cell Count In Sheep Milk, Emily Mirek, Stacey O’Donnell
A Comparison Of Pyronin Y-Methyl Green Stain And Methylene Blue Stain For Somatic Cell Count In Sheep Milk, Emily Mirek, Stacey O’Donnell
Senior Honors Projects
Somatic cell count is a key method used to evaluate the quality of milk in today’s growing dairy sheep industry. Somatic cells are body cells, primarily the white blood cells, found in a milk sample. If an infection such as mastitis is present, the number of somatic cells in the milk increases (Gonzalo, et al. 1992). Producers routinely perform somatic cell counts on cow and goat milk. For dairy cattle in the United States, the somatic cell count can not exceed 750,000 cells per milliliter, for commercial milk. For dairy goats the accepted limit is 1,000,000 cells per mL of …
Effects Of A Proteolytic Feed Enzyme On Intake, Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation, And Milk Production, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin
Effects Of A Proteolytic Feed Enzyme On Intake, Digestion, Ruminal Fermentation, And Milk Production, Jong-Su Eun, K. A. Beauchemin
Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications
The effects of exogenous proteolytic enzyme (EPE) on intake, digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and lactational performance were determined using 8 lactating Holstein cows in a double 4 ×4 Latin square experiment with a 2 ×2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Diets based on barley silage and alfalfa hay as the forage sources were formulated to maintain different forage to concentrate ratios [60:40 vs. 34:66, dry matter (DM) basis]. Four dietary treatments were tested: high forage (HF) without EPE (HF−EPE), HF with EPE (HF+EPE), low forage (LF) without EPE (LF–EPE), and LF with EPE (LF+EPE). The EPE, which contained proteolytic activity but negligible …
Validation Of Capillary Electrophoresis For The Ultra-Rapid Determination Of Inorganic Phosphate And Citrate In Milk, Jesus M. Izco, Monica Tormo, Phillip Tong, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Validation Of Capillary Electrophoresis For The Ultra-Rapid Determination Of Inorganic Phosphate And Citrate In Milk, Jesus M. Izco, Monica Tormo, Phillip Tong, Rafael Jiménez-Flores
Dairy Science
Abstract of paper presented at the 2002 Joint Annual Meeting of the American Dairy Science Association & the American Society of Animal Science.
Light Backscatter Of Milk Products For Transition Sensing Using Optical Fibers, Frederick A. Payne, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Sue E. Nokes, Klat C. Kang
Light Backscatter Of Milk Products For Transition Sensing Using Optical Fibers, Frederick A. Payne, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Sue E. Nokes, Klat C. Kang
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
Transition sensors are needed, particularly in the dairy industry, for detecting transitions in pipe flow systems from product-to-water or product-to-product (such as from chocolate to vanilla ice cream mix). Transition information is used to automatically sequence valves to minimize product waste. Optical fibers were used to measure light backscatter between 400 and 950 nm as a function of milk concentration in water and milkfat concentration in milk. The normalized response (100% for product and 0% for water) as a function of product concentration in water was approximately logarithmic for skim milk between 400 and 900 nm and approximately linear for …
Predicting The Cutting Time Of Cottage Cheese Using Backscatter Measurements, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Frederick A. Payne, Sue E. Nokes
Predicting The Cutting Time Of Cottage Cheese Using Backscatter Measurements, Czarena L. Crofcheck, Frederick A. Payne, Sue E. Nokes
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
An automated system for monitoring culture growth and determining coagulum cutting time is needed for cottage cheese manufacturing. A light backscatter measurement system was designed and installed in a local cottage cheese manufacturing plant. A cutting time prediction algorithm was developed using parameters generated from the backscatter profile. The cutting time prediction algorithm, Tcut = Tmax + β2 S, used two time-based parameters generated from the backscatter profile (Tmax and S) and one operator selected parameter, β2, to predict the coagulum cutting time, Tcut. The standard error of prediction for the algorithm was 6.4 …
Diffuse Reflectance Changes During The Culture Of Cottage Cheese, Frederick Alan Payne, R. Carol Freels, Sue E. Nokes, Richard S. Gates
Diffuse Reflectance Changes During The Culture Of Cottage Cheese, Frederick Alan Payne, R. Carol Freels, Sue E. Nokes, Richard S. Gates
Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering Faculty Publications
A sensor for measuring diffuse reflectance of milk during the typical 6-h culture of cottage cheese was installed in a local manufacturing facility. Diffuse reflectance was found to increase slowly during the first three hours of the culture and increase rapidly toward the end of fermentation. The correlation between parameters generated from the diffuse reflectance profile and cutting time was sufficient to develop an algorithm for cutting time prediction. An algorithm incorporating tmax (time from adding culture to the maximum rate of change in reflectance) and slope of the reflectance curve at tmax predicted the operator selected cutting …
Uht Milk : Expanding The Market, Caroline Love, Ian Bell, Martin Robertson
Uht Milk : Expanding The Market, Caroline Love, Ian Bell, Martin Robertson
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
An increase in the export of UHT (Ultra Heat Treated) milk to Asian markets is potentially worth millions of dollars to the dairy inmdustry. This increase however, relies on the shelf life of UHT products being extended to nine months. Spoilage of UHT milk can be caused by bacterial spores which originate on-farm and are resistant to processing. Expansion in the UHT market therefore relies on a continued reduction in the number of these spores getting into raw milk. Caroline Love, Ian Bell and Martin Robertson report on the sources of spores entering milk on-farm and the control methods available.
Manufacture Of Monterey Cheese From Preacidified Milk, Faisal O. Mohamed
Manufacture Of Monterey Cheese From Preacidified Milk, Faisal O. Mohamed
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Whole milk acidified to pH 5.3 with hydrochloric acid was used for the manufacture of Monterey cheese. The milk was inoculated with one and one-half percent lactic starter and set with 12.5 ml rennet per 1000 pounds of milk. Normal washing treatments resulted in cheese with moisture in excess of 44 percent. Moisture content was brought below 44 percent by using wash water at a temperature such that the water-curd-whey mixture was 35 C. The pH of cheese made by preacidification was all between 5.21 and 5.09. No acid defects were encountered. Preacidification eliminated chance of spoilage or losses caused …
Marker Dyes In Antibiotics, K Needham, N. Ingleton
Marker Dyes In Antibiotics, K Needham, N. Ingleton
Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4
'For some years the presence of penicillin in milk has been a serious problem for the dairy industry.
When cows are treated for mastitis with antibiotics some residue finds its way into the milk.
Unless the milk from treated cows is withheld for at least 72 hours after treatment this residue enters the bulk milk supply.
The Use Of Lactic Acid In The Manufacture Of Cheddar Cheese From Milk Containing An Antibiotic, Elmer George Jr.
The Use Of Lactic Acid In The Manufacture Of Cheddar Cheese From Milk Containing An Antibiotic, Elmer George Jr.
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The manufacture of cheddar cheese is greatly dependent on bacterial growth for acid production. The quality of cheese depends upon the type and extent of microbial activity.
An important function of the lactic fermenting bacteria is the production of acid resulting from cellular metabolism. If little or no acid is production of acid resulting from cellular metabolism. If little or no acid is produced the resulting cheese will have an inferior body, flavor, and texture and may even cause the cheese to be used as grinders.
Feeding Milking Shorthorn Steers, M. L. Baker, V. H. Arthaud, C. H. Adams
Feeding Milking Shorthorn Steers, M. L. Baker, V. H. Arthaud, C. H. Adams
Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars
The objectives of the feeding work were to provide the producer with feed-lot data and where possible with slaughter data for Milking Shorthorn steers. As a definite breeding research program with the Milking Shorthorn herd was planned, it also was believed that information about the beef-making qualities of the steers should be of equal importance with milk and butterfat production records.
Effects Of Aureomycin In Milk Used For The Manufacture Of Cheese, James A. Banghart
Effects Of Aureomycin In Milk Used For The Manufacture Of Cheese, James A. Banghart
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Importance of project:
In recent years many antibiotics have come to the foreground as a treatment for mastitis. Aureomycin is one of the more recent antibiotics that has been used for this purpose.
Aureomycin has been reported to be successful in curing some types of mastitis, but milk produced by cows that have been treated with Aureomycin does not act normal in the cheese manufacturing process. The most noticeable effect in milk from cows treated with Aureomycin has been slow or complete cessation of acid production by bacteria in cultured dairy products; this has been especially true in the cheese …
Use Milk - An Essential Food, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Use Milk - An Essential Food, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln
Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars
The purpose of this publication is to furnish the housewife with information on ways to utilize more milk in the home, especially in the farm home where milk is readily available and an economical source of vitality and greater health for all the family.