Dairy Science Commons^™

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Beef-Herd Risk Assessment, Kerry A. Rood, C Kim Chapman

All Current Publications

This publication gives insite into understanding where the greatest risk to a herd is, relative to the introduction of bovine viral diarrhea (BVD).

Characterization Of Differentiation Of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells, Amanda C. Lopez

Honors Scholar Theses

In American society, dairy products are vital for nutrition and the economy. Optimizing the process of producing milk can benefit the consumers, producers, and the animals involved. Understanding the mechanisms of the development of the mammary gland can increase the efficiency of milk production, as well as improve animal health.

Mammary epithelial cells (MEC) are the functional unit of the mammary gland. Although, there is a well-established MEC cell line, known as MAC-T, the use of a primary cell line is preferred because it more closely mimics an in vivo model. To better understand how mammary cell differentiation is regulated, …

2010 Annual Report, Various Authors

Annual Reports

No abstract provided.

Put Cultured Dairy Products On The School Lunch Menu, Phillip S. Tong

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Organic Replacement Heifer Enterprise Budget For Walker Dairy, Colton Brodt

Agribusiness

This study was undertaken to determine if Walker Dairy could raise replacement heifers cheaper than the current market price.

The main objective of this report was to calculate how much it costs Walker Dairy to raise a heifer per head. Data collected went into the development of a heifer enterprise budget and determining an average market price. Transfer value in (drop calf price), feed, labor, operating and fixed costs were all factored into the total cost per animal. Also, the data was broken into four different sections of a heifers’ life to aid management in evaluating the cost of raising …

Effect Of The Prolactin-Release Inhibitor Quinagolide On Lactating Dairy Cows, P. Lacasse, V. Lollivier, R. Bruckmaier, Y. R. Boisclair, G. F. Wagner, M. Boutinaud

Farm Animal Husbandry Collection

In most mammals, prolactin (PRL) is essential for maintaining lactation, and yet the short-term suppression of PRL during established lactation by bromocriptine has produced inconsistent effects on milk yield in cows and goats. To assess the effect of the long-term inhibition of PRL release in lactating dairy cows, 5 Holstein cows in early lactation received daily intramuscular injections of 1 mg of the PRL-release inhibitor quinagolide for 9 wk. Four control cows received the vehicle (water) only. During the last week of the treatments, one udder half was milked once a day (1×) and the other twice a day …

The Development Of A Novel Technique To Evaluate Binding Between Probiotic Bacteria And Phospholipids, And The Creation Of A Dairy-Based Food Product Rich In Milk Bioactives, Megan Ann Cleveland

Master's Theses

Probiotic bacteria are increasingly prevalent in food and nutritional products today.  These remarkable microorganisms are capable of imparting exceptional health benefits on their host, including prevention of infection by pathogens and stimulation of immune system function.  Their most common mode of delivery is through dairy products (e.g. yogurt), which are also one of their preferred habitats.  The interactions between probiotic bacteria and dairy systems have been studied, but are still not well discerned.  There is a need for better understanding of these associations, as well as those surrounding the mode of bacterial transfer from the food product to the human …

The Case For Simplifying Ingredient Statements, Phillip S. Tong

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Effect Of Brown Midrib Corn Silage And Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Lactational Performance And Nitrogen Utilization By Dairy Cows, Hugo A. Ramirez

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Thirty six Holstein cows, four ruminally cannulated, (mean ± SD, 111 ± 35 DIM; 664 ± 76.5 kg BW) were used in replicated 4×4 Latin squares to investigate the effects of brown midrib (bm3) and conventional (DP) corn silages, and the inclusion of dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) on milk production and N utilization. In each 28 d period cows were assigned to one of four treatments: DP plus 0% DDGS (CON); bm3 plus 0% DDGS (BMR); DP corn silage plus 30% DDGS (DP+DG); and bm3 plus 30% DDGS (BMR+DG). Dry matter intake was greater (P < 0.01) for cows consuming bm3 (25.8 VS 24.4 ± 0.47 kg), likewise for DDGS (24.3 and 25.9 ± 0.47 kg/d for 0 and 30%). Compared to DP hybrid, NDFD was higher (P < 0.01) for bm3 (32.5 VS 38.1 ± 1.79%). There was a hybrid × DDGS interaction (P < 0.01) for total concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and rumen pH as the highly digestible treatment BMR+DG resulted in the highest VFA and the lowest pH. Milk yield was not affected by treatment and averaged 30.6 ± 1.09 kg/d. Milk protein yield (MPY) was greater (P < 0.01) for bm3 and DDGS treatments. There was a hybrid by DDGS interaction (P = 0.02) for milk fat yield (MFY) resulting in 1.03, 1.08, 0.84 and 0.78 ± 0.045 kg/d for DP, BMR, DP+DG and BMR+DG. Fat corrected milk (FCM) was affected by DDGS (P < 0.01) and averaged 30.0 and 26.4 ± 1.0kg/d (0% and 30% inclusions). Urinary N excretion was similar among treatments; however fecal N was lower (P = 0.03) for diets containing bm3 corn silage which caused lower (P = 0.02) manure N. These results indicate that bm3 corn silage and DDGS increase DMI, NDFD and MPY; however high inclusion of corn silage with 30% DDGS reduces FCM. Nitrogen excretion was reduced when cows consumed bm3.

Greener Pastures 1 - The Greener Pasture Project: Managing Nutrients In Dairy Pastures, John Lucey, Mike Bolland, Don Bennett, Richard Morris, Bill Russell, Martin Staines

Bulletins 4000 -

As dairy farmers have strived to maintain profitability, many have farmed more intensively. More cows are milked and increasing inputs of fertiliser and purchased feed are used per hectare. However, these increased nutrient inputs have far exceeded the increase in nutrient output in milk production. The increasing nutrient surplus (inputs minus outputs) from intensification on dairy farms has met with increasing community concern about the environmental footprint of the dairy industry. In some other countries, dairy farmers who have intensified by increasing nitrogen inputs are now faced with legislation controlling the amount of fertiliser nitrogen that they can use.

The …

Caring For Compromised Cattle: Assessing Animals At Risk

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

Cattlemen have long recognized the need to properly care for their livestock. Sound animal husbandry practices – based on research and decades of practical experience – are known to impact the well-being of cattle, individual animal health and herd productivity. There is no doubt that producers work hard to ensure that their cattle are properly cared for throughout all stages of production. Unfortunately, it’s a fact of raising cattle that some animals will become injured to the extent that they are unable to stand or walk without assistance.

Assessor’S Guide To A Beef Quality Assurance Cow-Calf Assessment

Nebraska Beef Quality Assurance Program

The BQA Cow-Calf Assessment is an on-site educational tool that allows for assessing and benchmarking key indicators of animal care and well-being as well as operational conditions. The Cow-Calf Assessment focuses on three main areas – Animals, Records and Best Management Practices (BMP), and Facilities and Equipment.

The Jackrabbit Dairy Review, Vikram Mistry

The Jackrabbit Dairy & Food Review

No abstract provided.

El Azufre En Los Granos De Destilería Para Alimentación De Ganado Lechero., A. D. Garcia, A. R. Hippen, D. J. Schingoethe, K. F. Kalscheur

Dairy Science Publication Database

No abstract provided.

2011 Dairy Digest, South Dakota State University Dairy Club

Dairy Digest

No abstract provided.

Assessment Of Genome Integrity With Array Cgh Of Cattle Transgenic Cell Lines Produced By Homologous Recombination And Somatic Cell Cloning, G. E. Liu, Y. Hou, J. M. Robl, Y. Kuroiwa, Zhongde Wang

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Transgenic cattle carrying multiple genomic modifications have been produced by serial rounds of somatic cell chromatin transfer (cloning) of sequentially genetically targeted somatic cells. However, cloning efficiency tends to decline with the increase of rounds of cloning. It is possible that multiple rounds of cloning compromise the genome integrity or/and introduce epigenetic errors in the resulting cell lines, rendering a decline in cloning. To test these possibilities, we performed 9 high density array Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) experiments to test the genome integrity in 3 independent bovine transgenic cell lineages generated from genetic modification and cloning. Our plan included the …

Commentary On Immune System Associated Diseases Caused Byviruses: The Role Of Ebv, Dale L. Barnard, J. K. Li

Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

In her review using the human Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) as an example, Dr. Chen intends to illustrate how host immune systems have evolved in response to pathogens or in many cases co-evolved with pathogens. She discusses why EBV in most people causes what appears to be a self-limiting lymphoproliferative disease (or is it? See her discussion of autoimmune diseases and EBV), but in a very small proportion of individuals the virus causes malignant diseases of severe consequence. She reviews some of the plausible explanations that may include interactions of environmental and host genetic factors resulting in EBV associated malignancies. She …

Food Processors Look To Dairy Ingredients, Phillip S. Tong

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

A Literature Review On Crossbreeding In Dairy Cattle, Philip Owens

Dairy Science

The objective of the literature review was to determine whether or not crossbreeding is a profitable and a viable option for the dairymen of today by reviewing the literature and experiments that have been conducted throughout the world by today’s dairy professionals and leaders. The Dairy market today is increasingly competitive and more and more dairymen are considering crossbreeding to decrease health costs and increase profitability. Price premiums from cheese plants are given to milk producers for high components like protein and fat. In recent studies done by universities and research facilities around the world, results have found promising numbers …

Burning Manure As An Economical Energy Source, Ron Machado

Dairy Science

The dairy industry is under pressure from increasing environmental regulations, falling prices, as well as very aggressive foreign competition. Manure management and electrical costs are one area dairymen can look to cut costs. My objective for this project was to determine how cost effective biomass gasification of manure is at generating electricity. The proposed project was designed for a manure production equal to a 3,000 cow herd. I used standard capital budgeting techniques to determine the efficiency of the project, primarily focusing on the net present value, internal rate of return, and payback period.

Institution Of Presynch Protocol, Justin Breedyk

Dairy Science

The objective of this study was to compare factors of reproductive efficiency between two separate ovulation synchronization programs, with one that includes presynchronization of all fresh cows and one that does not ovsynch cows until they have been found open after initial insemination. In recent years, reproductive efficiency has declined as other areas of the dairy business have continued to excel. The investigation was performed on two dairies in Hart, Texas, White River Ranch and VB Dairy. The dairies include herds of 5,000 and 3,000 milking cows, respectively. Data was retrieved using Dairy Comp 305 and covered a two month …

Effectiveness Of A Presynchronization Program Implemented On A Modern Dairy Facility, R. (Robert) E. Thommen

Dairy Science

The objective of this study was to determine the success of a presynchronization program implemented on a modern dairy facility. The study was conducted on a 1,400 cow dairy in the central valley of California. 86 cows were involved in the study during the summer months of June through September. Cows were either assigned in the synchronization program or placed in a control group based on the last digit of their identification. At 43 DIM, presync cows were injected with their first treatment of the synchronization program. Estrous cycles of the presync group were manipulated with treatments of Prostaglandin and …

Genotype And Breed Trend Influences On Citric Acid And Coagulation Times Of Raw Milk, Melissa Looney

Dairy Science

The objective of the study was to determine if citric acid levels measured in milk was related to genetic variants identified in Holstein and Jersey cows. The data used were milk samples collected from both Holstein and Jersey cows at Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo. Citric acid levels and other constituents were measured using FTIR methods with the FOSS MilkoscanTM FT2 on each sample. Genotypes were obtained for the DGAT 1 locus using polymerase chain reaction and an enzymatic digestion using the MWO I restriction enzyme. Observations were obtained on 13 Holsteins and 12 Jersey cows. Results indicated that citric …

Ultraviolet Light As An Adjunct Treatment To Pasteurization For Microbial Reduction In Milk Intended For Extended Shelf Life, Jacob Zonneveld

Dairy Science

The objective of this study was to determine whether ultraviolet light treatment of milk could be used in adjunct with pasteurization and to determine whether the microbial count in bulk tank raw milk was sufficient enough to receive significant results. Samples were collected from a bulk tank filled with 1600 gallons of raw Holstein and Jersey milk from the Cal Poly Dairy throughout the course of a week. Control (library) samples were also taken from the raw milk tank and stored without air or agitation for comparison. These samples were plated each day and examined 24 and 48 hours after …

Use Of An Activity Monitoring System As Part Of The Cal Poly Dairy Breeding Protocol, Trevor Nutcher

Dairy Science

The objective of this study, is to determine the effectiveness of an activity monitoring system as an integral part of the Cal Poly Dairy breeding protocol. Dairy herd reproductive efficiencies have dropped in the past 40 years. Increased milk production, and genetic advancements towards more milk production, have led to reproductive rates declining. An advanced breeding program is needed to become more efficient in this area. The study consisted of the evaluation of one option, Heatime™ by MICRO Dairy Logic, and comparing it to the commonly used programs in dairies today such as synchronization methods, pedometers, and other electronic detection …

Use Of Endovac-Bovi In Pre-Weaned Calves, Jena Glasgow

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Cal Poly Embryo Recovery Record System, Kelsey Donahoo-Cheda

Dairy Science

No abstract provided.

Cystic Ovaries In Dairy Cattle, Lacey Morgan Rosenberg

Dairy Science

The objective of this literature review was to determine the potential causes and factors affecting the incidence of ovarian cysts in dairy cattle as well as to examine functionality of various preventative methods and treatments of cysts. The end product was to be a document outlining all the information available on the three different types of cysts that can develop on the bovine ovary, follicular cysts, luteal cysts, and cystic corpora lutea. The literature that was reviewed, most in the forms of research papers, articles, and reviews, came primarily from scientific journals and published books. The literature reviewed was only …

Controlling The Mineral Content Of Sweet Whey Powder In An Industrial Setting, Matthew W. Sawyer

Dairy Science

The objective of this project was to reduce the final ash content of sweet whey powder. The data for this project was collected over a two-week period, from July 13th to July 27th 2010 in a dairy plant in the Mid-West of the United States. The data is composed of particle size test, ash test, and pH test. The conclusions of this study are that multiple pre-heat treatment tank changes contribute to mineral content by requiring more buffering than usual. The low pH of this pre-heat liquid forces a need for more buffering. Particle segregation may play a role in …

A Comparison Between The Dhia Test For Somatic Cell Counts Compared To Porta Side Test On The Individual Quarters Of The High Scc Cows At The Cal Poly Dairy, Melissa Zimmer

Dairy Science

The objective of my senior project is to determine if California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the Porta Side Somatic Cell Count (SCC) Test is equivalent to the DHIA laboratory somatic cell test. The data was taken from the Cal Poly Dairy on October 19th, 2010. Samples were taken from eight Holstein cows during milking time and the tests were run in the barn. These eight cows were the highest somatic cell count cows at the Cal Poly Dairy on the previous test day October 9, 2010. During milking the cows were pre and post dipped before the samples were taken. …