Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Commons^™

Relationships Between Intensity, Duration, Cumulative Dose, And Timing Of Smoking With Age At Menopause: A Pooled Analysis Of Individual Data From 17 Observational Studies, Dongshan Zhu, Sybil L. Crawford, Gita D. Mishra

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is associated with earlier menopause, but the impact of being a former smoker and any dose-response relationships on the degree of smoking and age at menopause have been less clear. If the toxic impact of cigarette smoking on ovarian function is irreversible, we hypothesized that even former smokers might experience earlier menopause, and variations in intensity, duration, cumulative dose, and age at start/quit of smoking might have varying impacts on the risk of experiencing earlier menopause.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: A total of 207,231 and 27,580 postmenopausal women were included in the cross-sectional and prospective ...

Initiating Patient Discussions About Oocyte Cryopreservation: Attitudes Of Obstetrics And Gynaecology Resident Physicians, Brennan Peterson, C. Gordon, Julia K. Boehm, M. C. Inhorn, P. Patrizio

Marriage and Family Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

This study examined the attitudes of obstetrics and gynaecology (OB/GYN) resident physicians to initiating patient discussions regarding medical and elective oocyte cryopreservation (OC). The study used a cross-sectional online survey of OB/GYN medical residents in the USA, sampled from residency programmes approved by the American Council for Graduate Medical Education. In total, 208 medical residents, distributed evenly between postgraduate years 1–4, participated in the study. Residents' fertility knowledge and attitudes to initiating discussions about OC were gathered. Forty percent (n = 83) believed that OB/GYN residents should initiate discussions about OC with patients (initiators), while 60% (n ...

Breastfeeding History And Risk Of Stroke Among Parous Postmenopausal Women In The Women's Health Initiative, Lisette T. Jacobson, Erinn M. Hade, Tracie C. Collins, Karen L. Margolis, Molly E. Waring, Linda V. Van Horn, Brian Silver, Maryam Sattari, Chloe E. Bird, Kim Kimminau, Karen Wambach, Marcia L. Stefanick

Open Access Articles

Background: Stroke is the third leading cause of death among US Hispanic and non-Hispanic black women aged 65 and older. One factor that may protect against stroke is breastfeeding. Few studies have assessed the association between breastfeeding and stroke and whether this association differs by race and ethnicity.

Methods and Results: Data were taken from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study with follow-up through 2010; adjusted hazard ratios for stroke subsequent to childbirth were estimated with Cox regression models accounting for left and right censoring, overall and stratified by race/ethnicity. Of the 80 191 parous women in the ...

Effects Of Reproductive Period Duration And Number Of Pregnancies On Midlife Ecg Indices: A Secondary Analysis From The Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trial, Nisha I. Parikh, Kristopher Kapphahn, Haley Hedlin, Jeffrey E. Olgin, Matthew A. Allison, Jared W. Magnani, Kelli R. Ryckman, Molly E. Waring, Marco Valentin Perez, Barbara V. Howard

Open Access Articles

OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy, menses and menopause are related to fluctuations in endogenous sex hormones in women, which cumulatively may alter cardiac electrical conduction. Therefore, we sought to study the association between number of pregnancies and reproductive period duration (RD, time from menarche to menopause) with ECG intervals in the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trials.

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of multicentre clinical trial.

SETTING: USA.

PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: ECGintervals: PR interval, P-wave duration, P-wave dispersion, QTc interval.

PARTICIPANTS: n=40 687 women (mean age=62 years) participating in the Women's Health Initiative Clinical Trials. 82.5% were white, 9.3% black ...

Adnexal Torsion In A Patient With Müllerian Agenesis Undergoing Ovarian Stimulation: A Case Report, Erika P. New, Adrianne R. Mallen, Abigail C. Mancuso, Bradley J. Van Voorhis

Proceedings in Obstetrics and Gynecology

Background: As assisted reproductive technologies become increasingly available to patients, more women with Müllerian agenesis may undergo ovarian stimulation and oocyte retrieval to have genetically-related offspring. The risk of ovarian torsion is increased in patients utilizing assisted reproductive technologies compared to patients who do not undergo these treatments.

Case: A 25-year-old G0 with Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome presented to the emergency room two days after oocyte retrieval with an acute abdomen. During laparoscopy, she was found to have torsion of her left ovary.

Summary and Conclusion: As more young women with Müllerian agenesis present for fertility treatment, this anatomically unique patient cohort ...

Central Precocious Puberty In Boston Boys: A 10-Year Single Center Experience, Lisa Swartz Topor, Kimberly Bowerman, Jason T. Machan, Courtney L. Gilbert, Tairmae Kangarloo, Natalie D. Shaw

Open Access Articles

OBJECTIVE: Recent studies in the US and abroad suggest that boys are undergoing puberty at a younger age. It is unknown if this secular trend extends to boys with central precocious puberty (CPP), who sit at the extreme end of the pubertal spectrum, and if neuroimaging should remain a standard diagnostic tool.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of all boys with CPP seen by Endocrinology at a US pediatric hospital from 2001-2010.

RESULTS: Fifty boys had pubertal onset at an average age of 7.31 years (95CI 6.83-7.89), though many did not present until nearly one year thereafter ...

Investigation Into The Role Of Platelet Derived Growth Factor (Pdgf) In Type I Collagen Glomerulopathy, Isaac C. Springer

MSU Graduate Theses

Progressive accumulation of collagen and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins within renal glomeruli have implications for or result in renal fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis, with both events culminating in renal failure. To model this accumulation the Col1a2-deficient mouse model was used. The Col1a2-deficientmouse model is characterized by a mutation in the a2(I) chain, preventing incorporation into the type I collagen molecule. As a result, an α1(I) collagen chain incorporates into the collagen triple helix forming homotrimeric type I collagen, as opposed to heterotrimeric type I collagen. This change is due to the secondary wound healing response in response to ...

Identifying What Matters To Hysterectomy Patients: Postsurgery Perceptions, Beliefs, And Experiences, Andrew S. Bossick, Roopina Sangha, Heather Olden, Gwen L. Alexander, Ganesa Wegienka

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Hysterectomy is the most common nonobstetrical surgery for women in the United States. Few investigations comparing hysterectomy surgical approaches include patient-centered outcomes.

Methods: The study was performed at Henry Ford Health System (Detroit, MI) between February 2015 and May 2015. A total of 1,038 eligible women — those 18 to 65 years of age and who had an electronic medical record-documented Current Procedural Terminology (CPT^®) code or an International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD-9) code of hysterectomy between December 2012 and December 2014 — were selected and recruited. A question guide was developed to investigate women’s experiences ...

Sling Complications, David L. Howard, Andrea Mcglynn, Joy A. Greer

Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Clinical-Evolutional Particularities Of The Cryoglobulinemic Vasculitis In The Case Of A Patient Diagnosed With Hepatitis C Virus In The Predialitic Phase, Daniel C. Caragea, Larisa Săndulescu, Vlad Pădureanu, Mircea C. Forțofoiu, Costin Streba, Lidia Boldeanu, Mihail V. Boldeanu, Mircea Popescu-Drigă, Marius E. Ciurea, Maria Forțofoiu, Ion Rogoveanu, Tudorel Ciurea, Cristin C. Vere

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a fundamental issue for public health, with long term evolution and the gradual appearance of several complications and associated pathologies. One of these pathologies is represented by cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, a disorder characterized by the appearance in the patient’s serum of the cryoglobulins, which typically precipitate at temperatures below normal body temperature (37°C) and dissolve again if the serum is heated. Here, we describe the case of a patient diagnosed with HCV that, during the evolution of the hepatic disease, developed a form of cryoglobulinemic vasculitis. The connection between the vasculitis and the hepatic ...

Recurrent Vulvar Carcinoma: Complex Surgical Treatment Via Perineal Excision And Reconstruction With Musculocutaneous Flap, Dragoș Popa, Cosmin V. Obleagă, Ștefan Paitici, Stelian Ș. Mogoanta, Ionică D. Vîlcea, Pouya Pourgolafshan, Cristian Gheorghe, Manuela I. Vasile, Raluca Câmpeanu, Cecil S. Mirea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Vulvar cancer is a malignant disease having a low frequency and with well-established surgical and oncological treatments based on the stage of the disease. The most important therapeutic problem encountered is represented by cases of perineal local regional recurrence, which are common in patients with large primary tumors and can occur even if the margins of the resection had no tumoral invasion.

We present a case study of a 64-year-old patient diagnosed one year ago with squamous vulvar carcinoma (G3) for which a vulvectomy was performed after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. The patient later developed local recurrence with invasion of the anal ...

Surgeon Volume, David L. Howard, Andrea Mcglynn, Joy A. Greer

Research Briefs

No abstract provided.

Immunocontraceptive Target Repertoire Defined By Systematic Identification Of Sperm Membrane Alloantigens In A Single Species, Nathaly Cormier, John J. Mcglone, John D. Leszyk, Daniel M. Hardy

Open Access Articles

Sperm competence in animal fertilization requires the collective activities of numerous sperm-specific proteins that are typically alloimmunogenic in females. Consequently, sperm membrane alloantigens are potential targets for contraceptives that act by blocking the proteins' functions in gamete interactions. Here we used a targeted proteomics approach to identify the major alloantigens in swine sperm membranes and lipid rafts, and thereby systematically defined the repertoire of these sperm-specific proteins in a single species. Gilts with high alloantibody reactivity to proteins in sperm membranes or lipid rafts produced fewer offspring (73% decrease) than adjuvant-only or nonimmune control animals. Alloantisera recognized more than 20 ...

The Association Of Hormonal Contraception With Depression, Pamela Derickson

Family Medicine Clerkship Student Projects

Hormonal contraceptives are widely used by women during their reproductive years. Currently, over 100 million women worldwide use the pill, and 82% of sexually active women in the USA will use oral contraceptive pills at some time during their reproductive years (Carrol, 2017). Oral contraceptive use, especially among adolescents, is associated with subsequent use of antidepressants and a first diagnosis of depression, suggesting depression may be a potential adverse effect of hormonal contraceptive use (Skovlund, 2016). This project focused on educating health care providers at the Community Health Center of Burlington, VT (CHCB) about the association of depression and oral ...

Developmental Origins Of Health And Disease: Current Knowledge And Potential Mechanisms, Daniel J. Hoffman, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Daniel B. Hardy

Physiology and Pharmacology Publications

Epidemiologic and clinical research has provided a large body of evidence supporting the developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD), but there has been a relative dearth of mechanistic studies in humans due to the complexity of working with large, longitudinal cohorts. Nonetheless, animal models of undernutrition have provided substantial evidence for the potential epigenetic, metabolic, and endocrine mechanisms behind DOHaD. Furthermore, recent research has explored the interaction between the environment and the gastrointestinal system by investigating how the gut microbial ecology may impact the capacity for nutrient processing and absorption in a manner that may limit growth. This review ...

Intraflagellar Transporter Protein (Ift27), An Ift25 Binding Partner, Is Essential For Male Fertility And Spermiogenesis In Mice, Yong Zhang, Hong Liu, Wei Li, Zhengang Zhang, Xuejun Shang, David Zhang, Yuhong Li, Shiyang Zhang, Junpin Liu, Rex A. Hess, Gregory J. Pazour, Zhibing Zhang

Open Access Articles

Intraflagellar transport (IFT) is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism essential for the assembly and maintenance of most eukaryotic cilia and flagella. In mice, mutations in IFT proteins have been shown to cause several ciliopathies including retinal degeneration, polycystic kidney disease, and hearing loss. However, little is known about its role in the formation of the sperm tail, which has the longest flagella of mammalian cells. IFT27 is a component of IFT-B complex and binds to IFT25 directly. In mice, IFT27 is highly expressed in the testis. To investigate the role of IFT27 in male germ cells, the floxed Ift27 mice were ...

Finasteride As A Model For Personalized Medicine, Ion G. Motofei, David L. Rowland, Ioana Păunică, Octavian C. Tănăsescu, Petrişor Banu, Stana Păunică

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The side effects of Finasteride are currently a subject of controversy. Some studies report minor or acceptable adverse effects, which decrease after a variable period of time so that they do not necessitate terminating Finasteride administration. However, several clinical and neuro-endocrine studies show that some adverse effects persist indefinitely in the form of post-Finasteride syndrome, even after the drug cessation. This paper presents a possible explanation for these inconsistent findings. First, the study design of either informing or not informing patients prior therapy about possible adverse effects can influence the incidence and magnitude of reported adverse effects. Second, structural and ...

A Validated Measure For Fertility Awareness: An Essential Step Toward Informed Reproductive Decision-Making, Brennan Peterson

Marriage and Family Therapy Faculty Articles and Research

"The efforts by Kudesia and colleagues (1) to create and validate a fertility awareness survey is a vital development in the field of reproductive health care. The 29-item Fertility and Infertility Treatment Knowledge Score (FIT-KS) was created to measure fertility awareness and infertility treatment knowledge in the general population and among medical trainees. Using a combination of existing questionnaires, consultation with specialists in test construction, and clinical recommendations of an expert panel of 15 reproductive endocrinologists, the FIT-KS is the first of its kind in the United States. The authors should be commended for their foresight and attempts to address ...

Relationship Between Self-Efficacy And Patient Knowledge On Adherence To Oral Contraceptives Using The Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (Mmas-8), Daniel M. Tomaszewski, Benjamin D. Aronson, Margarette L. Kading, Donald Morisky

Pharmacy Faculty Scholarship

Background
Preconception care, including family planning, is a vital component of healthcare for women of reproductive age. An average female spends the majority of her reproductive life trying to prevent a pregnancy. In order to prevent unintended pregnancy, women often rely on the use of hormonal contraceptives. In the United States, the majority of hormonal contraceptive users are prescribed oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). Reduced adherence to OCPs decreases their ability to prevent pregnancy. The study aimed to measure OCP adherence among female college students, and explore the relationship between OCP adherence, knowledge, and self-efficacy.

Methods
This cross-sectional study recruited a ...

Correlation Between Preconception Maternal Non-Occupational Exposure To Interior Decoration Or Oil Paint Odour And Average Birth Weight Of Neonates: Findings From A Nationwide Cohort Study In China's Rural Areas, Huiting Liu, Shi Chen, Huijuan Zhu, Hongbo Yang, Fengying Gong, Linjie Wang, Yu Jiang, Bill Q. Lian, Chengsheng Yan, Jianqang Li, Qing Wang, Shikun Zhang, Hui Pan

Open Access Articles

BACKGROUND: Birth weight is a critical indicator of neonatal health and foretells people's health in adolescence and even adulthood. Some researchers have warned against the adverse effects on babies' birth weight of exposure to pollutants in interior decoration or oil paint by odour intake. This study evaluated the effects of maternal exposure to such factors before conception on the birth weights of neonates.

METHODS: Data on 213 461 cases in this study were from the database of the free National Pre-pregnancy Checkups Project. Defined as 'exposed' were those women exposed to oil paint odour or interior decoration at home ...