Reproductive and Urinary Physiology Commons^™

Dancing During Labor: Social Media Trend Or Future Practice?, Caroline P. Toberna, Drew Horter, Kayla Heslin, Marie M. Forgie, Emily Malloy, Jessica J. F. Kram

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Over the past 30 years, medical interventions in pregnancy and childbirth have increased. Some pregnant women seek less invasive and nonpharmacological options to manage discomforts during labor. While exercise during pregnancy is recommended, less is known about exercise, specifically dancing, during labor. While anecdotal evidence is supportive, little is known about the implications of exercise and dance during the first stage of labor for pain reduction and labor progression. Some movements common in dance, such as expanding hip circles that loosen and relax muscles of the pelvic floor, may be beneficial to women during labor. Available evidence suggests that dancing ...

Identification And Characterization Of The Lactating Mouse Mammary Gland Citrullinome, Guangyuan Li, Coleman H. Young, Bryce Snow, Amanda O. Christensen, M. Kristen Demoruelle, Venkatesh V. Nemmara, Paul R. Thompson, Heather M. Rothfuss, Brian D. Cherrington

Open Access Articles

Citrullination is a post-translational modification (PTM) in which positively charged peptidyl-arginine is converted into neutral peptidyl-citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD or PADI) enzymes. The full protein citrullinome in many tissues is unknown. Herein, we used mass spectrometry and identified 107 citrullinated proteins in the lactation day 9 (L9) mouse mammary gland including histone H2A, alpha-tubulin, and beta-casein. Given the importance of prolactin to lactation, we next tested if it stimulates PAD-catalyzed citrullination using mouse mammary epithelial CID-9 cells. Stimulation of CID-9 cells with 5 microg/mL prolactin for 10 min induced a 2-fold increase in histone H2A citrullination and a ...

The Effects Of Renal Cold Storage And Transplantation On Immunoproteasome And The Complement System, Savannah Stacks

Honors Theses

Renal transplantation is the preferred method of treatment for end stage kidney disease. The majority of donor kidneys come from deceased donors and have to be stored in cold storage solution (CS) until the recipient is identified. However, prolonged CS is associated with poor long-term outcome. Unfortunately, the mechanisms of CS-related damage are largely unknown. Our laboratory recently reported that the proteasome and renal function were significantly decreased in rat kidney transplants that involved CS combined with transplantation (CS/Tx), as opposed to those that did not undergo CS (auto-transplantation/ATx). The long-term goal is to improve the transplant outcome ...

Gender Identity And Sexual Orientation Identity In Women And Men Prenatally Exposed To Diethylstilbestrol, Rebecca Troisi, Julie R. Palmer, Elizabeth E. Hatch, William C. Strohsnitter, Dezheng Huo, Marianne Hyer, Karen I. Fredriksen-Goldsen, Robert Hoover, Linda Titus

Open Access Articles

We assessed the associations of prenatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure, a potent estrogen, with sexual orientation and gender identity in 3306 women and 1848 men who participated in a study of prenatal DES exposure. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were derived from logistic regression models adjusted for birth year, study cohort, and education. Among women, the OR for DES in relation to reporting sexual orientation identity as nonheterosexual was 0.61 (95% CI 0.40-0.92) primarily due to a strong inverse association with a lesbian identity (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.25-0.76). Among men, the ...

An Atlas Of Cell Types In The Mammalian Epididymis And Vas Deferens, Vera D. Rinaldi, Elisa Donnard, Kyle Gellatly, Morten Rasmussen, Alper Kucukural, Onur Yukselen, Manuel Garber, Upasna Sharma, Oliver J. Rando

University of Massachusetts Medical School Faculty Publications

Following spermatogenesis in the testis, mammalian sperm continue to mature over the course of approximately 10 days as they transit a long epithelial tube known as the epididymis. The epididymis is comprised of multiple segments/compartments that, in addition to concentrating sperm and preventing their premature activation, play key roles in remodeling the protein, lipid, and RNA composition of maturing sperm. In order to understand the complex roles for the epididymis in reproductive biology, we generated a single cell atlas of gene expression from the murine epididymis and vas deferens. We recovered all the key cell types of the epididymal ...

Seen In Science: Lgbtq+ Inclusivity In Anatomy & Physiology Texts, Harshini Sirvisetty, Kat Ray King, Linda Catherine Fuselier

Undergraduate Arts and Research Showcase

Biology is unique from other science disciplines in that concepts taught in core classes can inform our student’s understanding of sex and gender. A biology major encounters lessons on sex determination, sexual reproduction, and sex characteristics in their courses. The language used in these units matters. It is imperative that educators consider how the language, examples, and content that we use in classrooms drive (or not) inclusivity for gender- and sexuality-diverse (GSD) (aka LGBTQ+) individuals. We chose to analyze four college-level human anatomy/physiology (AP) textbooks for GSD population inclusivity. We adopted a queer theory framework to critically examine ...

The Efficacy Of Aquablation In The Treatment Of Large Volume Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy, Jessica Greenwood

Capstone Showcase

Introduction:

Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy (BPH) is a condition affecting adult males causing symptoms including urinary frequency, incontinence, and urinary retention. While first line treatment methods include lifestyle modifications and pharmacologic therapies, many patients elect for surgical procedures for symptomatic relief. In patients with extremely large volume prostates the surgical method most commonly used has been an open prostatectomy, which is associated with both long-term efficacy and more surgical complications than minimally invasive techniques. Therefore, this review analyzes Aquablation (I) for symptom management (O) in patients diagnosed with BPH (P) compared to open prostatectomy (C).

Methods:

A literature search was conducted ...

Oral Contraceptives As Possible Acl Injury Prevention Method, Haley Schweizer

Capstone Showcase

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries are an upsetting setback for many athletes that require a long and costly recovery process. The injury rates are four times greater in women than men. Preventative measures that help to prevent ACL injuries are limited to stretching and strengthening. Therefore, this review aims to investigate if oral contraceptive [I] usage provides a possible new avenue for prevention of ACL injury [O] in young female athletes (ages 18-30) [P] compared to those that do not take oral contraceptives [C].

Methods: A literature review was performed though PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS Database, and ClinicalKey ...

The Quantified Elf, Umico Niwa

Theses and Dissertations

The Quantified Elf is an ongoing collection of scientific, medical, archaeological articles and excerpts from my personal journal. It is a way by which I explore the various ways Western notions of personhood subsume human life into constructs of sexuality and gender, overlooking the various other modes of unbridled existence: plant, microbial. fungal, animal, celestial bodies. The speculative medical papers propose novel forms of body modification to combat gender dysphoria.

Diabetes Risk Status And Physical Activity In Pregnant Women: U.S. Brfss 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017, Bethany Rand

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Objective: We sought to examine differences in aerobic activity (AA) and muscle-strengthening activity (MSA) by diabetes risk status (DRS) among pregnant women in the United States.

Background: Pregnant women without complications are advised to engage in physical activity (PA) to mitigate adverse outcomes. Differences may exist among pregnant women of diverging diabetes status in meeting national PA recommendations.

Methods: The sample (n=9,597) included pregnant women ages 18-44, who participated in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Levels of DRS were: no diabetes (ND), high risk for diabetes (HRD) due to self-reported gestational diabetes or ...

An Analysis Of Abdominal Stability Following Hyperthermic Exercise In Euhydrated And Dehydrated Conditions, Carli Ceckanowicz

Honors Scholar Theses

Core stability is essential for maintaining safety and optimizing performance during exercise and sport. The purpose of this study is to analyze how heat and hydration status (euhydrated USG<1.025 or dehydrated USG>1.025) can impair trunk stability in males and females (in both follicular and luteal phases) using the Trunk Stability Test (TST). Participants complete three blocks of 30 minutes of hyperthermic (35±1.299 ^oC and 49.418±5.0329% relative humidity) treadmill exercise. Exercise intensity is equivalent to 15 minutes at either 11W/kg or 7W/kg and the following 15 minutes at either 7W/kg or 4W/kg ...

Sympathetic Nervous System Reactivity In Women Following Preeclamptic Pregnancies, Nina Stachenfeld, Charlotte Usseleman, Cheryl Leone, Michael Paidas

Yale Day of Data

Women who have had preeclamptic pregnancies are at risk for life-long cardiovascular disease. However, the factors contributing to this risk have yet to be established. Sympathetic nervous system dysregulation has been proposed to contribute to cardiovascular dysfunction during preeclamptic pregnancies. Therefore, we examined muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) at baseline and during a chemoreflex stimulus in women 6-24 months postpartum following a preeclamptic pregnancy (PE; n=6, age 28±2 y, BMI 27±3 kg/m2, 17±4 months postpartum). We hypothesized that MSNA responses to apnea would be greater in PE relative to control subjects, that is, women 6-24 ...

The Menopause Transition And Women's Health At Midlife: A Progress Report From The Study Of Women's Health Across The Nation (Swan), Samar R. El Khoudary, Gail Greendale, Sybil L. Crawford, Nancy E. Avis, Maria M. Brooks, Rebecca C. Thurston, Carrie Karvonen-Gutierrez, L. Elaine Waetjen, Karen Matthews

Graduate School of Nursing Publications

OBJECTIVE: Our initial understanding of the menopause transition (MT) has been framed by clinical samples of women seeking treatment rather than by population-based studies. The Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) initiated in 1996 with an overall goal to define the MT, to characterize its biological and psychosocial antecedents and sequelae in an ethnically and racially diverse sample of midlife women.

METHODS: This review summarizes the central findings of SWAN to date that can inform women and their healthcare providers about the impact of the MT and midlife aging on overall health and well-being.

RESULTS: SWAN characterized ...

Eugenics In The 21st Century, Jessica Linn Chin

All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Eugenics is the science of enhancing the human population through the management of breeding and hereditary traits. This thesis explores the history of eugenics and shows how eugenic practices continue in the 21^st century with advancements in technology and positive eugenic goals that can result in adverse effects on the human body and society. When Sir Francis Galton coined the term eugenics in 1883, he intended to improve British society with the use of positive eugenics. Galton used positive eugenics to encourage people with good mental and physical qualities to produce more children. He avoided negative eugenics, which involved ...

Mechanisms Of Ovarian Atresia Induced By Xenobiotic Exposures, Jason W. Ross, Aileen F. Keating

Aileen Keating

The focus of this chapter is the mechanisms of apoptosis that occur during “normal” (physiologically-induced) or “abnormal” (chemical- or pathology-induced) attrition of ovarian oocytes. One of the primary functions of the ovary is development and maturation of oocytes, which occur within a follicular structure. During fetal development of the ovary, primordial germ cells (oogonia) are formed and become oocytes when they stop dividing, and are arrested at the diplotene stage (prophase) of the first meiotic division. At this stage the oocyte is surrounded by a single layer of flattened somatic cells (pre-granulosa cells) and a basement membrane to form primordial ...

The Need To Codify Roe V. Wade: A Case For National Abortion Legislation, Kathryn N. Peachman

Journal of Legislation

No abstract provided.

Gracilis Myocutaneous Flap For Perineal Defect Reconstruction After Left Hemivulvectomy For Locally Invasive Vulvar Cancer – A Case Report And A Literature Review, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Irina Balescu, Andreea Mereuta, Alina Tanase, Adriana Ghelmene, Mihaela Vilcu, Iulian Brezean

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Performing radical surgery for locally advanced vulvar cancer is usually associated with the occurrence of large perineal defects. In order to provide a better healing process of the perineal wound, different reconstructive techniques have been proposed.

We present the case of a 63-year-old female patient diagnosed with locally advanced vulvar cancer for which a left hemivulvectomy with bilateral inguinal lymph node dissection was performed. After completion of the resection phase, the reconstruction with gracilis myocutaneous flap was performed. The patient developed a non-union of the flap. However, it slowly healed without any surgical re-intervention.

Gracilis myocutaneous flap seems to be ...

What To Expect When You Are Not Expecting: The Biological, Psychological, And Cultural Setbacks Following Infertility, Lauren Butler

Student research

No abstract provided.

Generations Of Fertility: A Bioethical And Evolutionary Analysis, Kat Panos

Student research

Influenced by both societal and biological factors, women play a central role in reproducing offspring for future generations. Because females play such an integral role in reproduction, it is often psychologically difficult for women to cope with infertility that can arise due to a variety of factors: ovarian factor infertility, cervical factor infertility, uterine factor infertility, and peritoneal and tubal infertility factors. As a result, technology has evolved to cater to women's infertility in procedures and treatments regarded as assisted reproductive techniques (ARTS), medical regimens than impose bioethical implications. Examples of ART include therapeutic intrauterine insemination (IUI), in-vitro-fertilization (IVF ...

Pubertal Lipid Levels Are Significantly Lower In Youth With Type 1 Diabetes Who Experienced Partial Clinical Remission, Benjamin U. Nwosu, Shwetha Rupendu, Emily Zitek-Morrison, Deepa Patel, Tony R. Villalobos-Ortiz, Gabrielle Jasmin, Bruce A. Barton

Benjamin U. Nwosu

Importance: The physiologic changes in lipids during puberty in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is unclear as subjects in previous studies were not stratified by partial clinical remission (PCR) status.

Aim: To determine the effect of PCR on lipid changes during puberty in youth with T1D.

Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of 194 subjects consisting of 71 controls of age 12.9±1.3y and 123 subjects with T1D stratified into remitters (n=44, age 13.0±0.8y) and non-remitters (n=79, age 11.2±0.6y). PCR was defined as insulin-dose adjusted HbA1c of ≤9. Pubertal status ...