Papain: A Novel Urine Adulterant.,
East Tennessee State University
Papain: A Novel Urine Adulterant., David Burrows
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The estimated number of employees in the United Stated screened annually for illicit drugs is approximately 20 million, with marijuana being the most frequently abused drug. Urine adulterants provide an opportunity for illicit drug users to obtain a false negative result on commonly used primary drug screening methods such as the Fluorescence Polarized Immunoassay (FPIA) technique. Typical chemical adulterants such as nitrites are easily detected or render the urine specimen invalid as defined in the proposed federal guidelines for specimen validity testing based on creatinine, specific gravity and pH. Papain is a cysteine protease with intrinsic ester hydrolysis capability. The …
Distribution, Population Size, And Structure Of Himalayan Grey Goral Naemorhedus Goral Bedfordi (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae) In Pakistan,
Wright State University - Main Campus
Distribution, Population Size, And Structure Of Himalayan Grey Goral Naemorhedus Goral Bedfordi (Cetartiodactyla: Bovidae) In Pakistan, Fakhar -I- Abbas, Kathreen E. Ruckstuhl, Afsar Mian, Tanveer Akhtar, Thomas P. Rooney
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Himalayan grey goral (Naemorhedus goral bedfordi) is a Red List (Near Threatened) member of Caprinae endemic to Asia, occupying the south-facing slopes of the Himalaya Mountains. The species is listed as Vulnerable on the National Pakistan Red List, but the distribution and abundance of the species within the nation is poorly known. We conducted a national census of Himalayan grey goral in Pakistan during 2002 – 2004, with the objective of documenting the geographic locations of populations, estimating population size, and describing group sizes and sex ratios. We conducted a direct count census in 98 sites distributed over …
Top-Down Cascade From A Bitrophic Predator In An Old-Field Community,
Wright State University - Main Campus
Top-Down Cascade From A Bitrophic Predator In An Old-Field Community, Matthew D. Moran, Thomas P. Rooney, L. E. Hurd
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
We tested the hypothesis that a bitrophic (third and fourth level) arthropod predator can exert a cascading, top-down influence on other arthropods and plants in an early successional old field. First-stadium mantids, Tenodera sinensis, were added to replicated open-field plots in numbers corresponding to naturally occurring egg hatch density and allowed to remain for ≈ 2 mo. Sticky-trap dispersal barriers around both control and mantid-addition plots allowed us to monitor emigration of arthropods continuously during the experiment. Biomass of herbivores, carnivores, and plants, and abundances of arthropod taxa within plots were determined at the beginning, middle, and end of …
Shifts In Southern Wisconsin Forest Canopy And Understory Richness, Composition, And Heterogeneity,
Wright State University - Main Campus
Shifts In Southern Wisconsin Forest Canopy And Understory Richness, Composition, And Heterogeneity, David A. Rogers, Thomas P. Rooney, Daniel Olson, Donald M. Waller
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
We resurveyed the under- and overstory species composition of 94 upland forest stands in southern Wisconsin in 2002–2004 to assess shifts in canopy and understory richness, composition, and heterogeneity relative to the original surveys in 1949–1950. The canopy has shifted from mostly oaks (Quercus spp.) toward more mesic and shade-tolerant trees (primarily Acer spp.). Oak-dominated early-successional stands and those on coarse, nutrient-poor soils changed the most in canopy composition. Understories at most sites (80%) lost native species, with mean species density declining 25% at the 1-m2 scale and 23.1% at the 20-m2 scale. Woody species have increased …
Evolution Of Lake Malawi Cichlid Fishes (Perciformes: Teleostei),
The University of Maine
Evolution Of Lake Malawi Cichlid Fishes (Perciformes: Teleostei), Peter F. Smith
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The cichlid fish species flocks of East Africa provide a compelling model system in which to study the process of speciation. In Lake Malawi, greater than 1000 species of cichlids have emerged since the filling of the lake basin about 1 million years ago. Over 99% of the Lake Malawi haplochromine cichlids are endemic, suggesting that most of this diversification has taken place within the temporal and spatial boundaries set by the Lake's shores. Moreover, many of these species are endemic to small areas within the lake, indicating that speciation has occurred very recently or perhaps is in progress in …
Population Structure Of Limenitis Butterflies In Hickman, Kentucky,
Western Kentucky University
Population Structure Of Limenitis Butterflies In Hickman, Kentucky, Mollie Johnson
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Two species of Limenitis butterflies occur along the Mississippi River at Hickman, Kentucky: the viceroy, L. archippus, and the red-spotted purple, L. arthemis astyanax. Limenitis archippus occurs at a frequency that is 10-30 times more abundant than its congener, L. arthemis astyanax. Interspecific matings between L. archippus and L. arthemis astyanax are very rare in the wild and give rise to a hybrid form Limenitis archippus X L. arthemis astyanax form rubidus. Only 7 heterospecific pairings between the parental species and 72 "rubidus" individuals have been documented in the wild in all of North America. Of these documented cases, 2 …
Elucidating The Role Of Cd44 Expression On Mesenchymal Stem Cells Within The Tumor Microenvironment,
University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences at Houston
Elucidating The Role Of Cd44 Expression On Mesenchymal Stem Cells Within The Tumor Microenvironment, Erika L. Spaeth
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)
The tumor microenvironment is comprised of a vast array of heterogeneous cells including both normal and neoplastic cells. The tumor stroma recruitment process has been exploited for an effective gene delivery technique using bone marrow derived MSC. Targeted migration of the MSC toward the tumor microenvironment, while successful, is not yet fully understood. This study was designed to assess the role of CD44 in the migration of MSC toward the tumor microenvironment and to determine the implications of CD44-deficient MSC within the tumor stroma. Inhibition of MSC migration was evaluated through a variety of methods in vitro and in vivo …
The Overexpression Of Homeotic Complex Gene Ultrabithorax In The Post-Embryonic Neuronal Lineages Of The Ventral Nervous System In Drosophila Melanogaster,
Bucknell University
The Overexpression Of Homeotic Complex Gene Ultrabithorax In The Post-Embryonic Neuronal Lineages Of The Ventral Nervous System In Drosophila Melanogaster, Katie Dry
Master’s Theses
This study uses a molecular technique called MARCM (Mosaic Analysis with a Repressible Cell Marker) to label neuronal lineages that overexpress the Hox gene Ultrabithorax (Ubx) in an unlabeled, wild type background. The results indicate that the overexpression of Ubx is sufficient to transform more anterior neuronal lineages to themorphology of their more posterior counterparts. The data presented here begin to elucidate the role that the Hox genes have in shaping segment-specific neural connections in the post-embryonic ventral nervous system.
Mentha (Lamiaceae) Phylogenetic Analysis Using Chloroplast Trnl-Trnf And Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Its Sequences,
Western Kentucky University
Mentha (Lamiaceae) Phylogenetic Analysis Using Chloroplast Trnl-Trnf And Nuclear Ribosomal Dna Its Sequences, Jiranan Bunsawatt
Masters Theses & Specialist Projects
Mentha (Nepetoideae, Lamiaceae) is a taxonomically complex genus that includes economically important members such as spearmint and peppermint and species of global conservation interest. Mentha is considered challenging systematically due to its high incidence of polyploidy, diverse morphology, variation in base chromosome number, and frequent interspecific hybridization. Our objectives were to test the monophyly of Mentha and each of its traditionally recognized sections, assess phylogenetic relationships of the Mentha species, test hypotheses of hybridization for the putative stabilized allopolyploids (M spicata and M. canadensis), and determine the ancestral base chromosome number using DNA sequence data from the chloroplast trnL-trnF and …
Regional Variation In Recruitment Of Hemlock Seedlings And Saplings In The Upper Great Lakes, Usa,
Wright State University - Main Campus
Regional Variation In Recruitment Of Hemlock Seedlings And Saplings In The Upper Great Lakes, Usa, Thomas P. Rooney, Ronald J. Mccormick, Stephen L. Solheim, Donald M. Waller
Biological Sciences Faculty Publications
Mature eastern hemlock–northern hardwood forest cover decreased drastically in the upper Midwest following European settlement and has yet to rebound substantially. Previous studies show that stands retaining substantial hemlock canopy coverage have low hemlock seedling and sapling densities. Results from various geographically restricted studies suggest several possible mechanisms that could cause low seedling or sapling density. We examined the relative importance of these proposed mechanisms in the Southern Superior Uplands Section of the Laurentian Forest Province. We surveyed 294- m2 plots in 100 hemlock stands in northern Wisconsin and western upper Michigan to assess how these proposed mechanisms affect the …
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