Medical Microbiology Commons^™

Amalgamation Of Nucleosides And Amino Acids In Antibiotic Biosynthesis, Sandra H. Barnard

Theses and Dissertations--Pharmacy

The rapid increase in antibiotic resistance demands the identification of novel antibiotics with novel targets. One potential antibacterial target is the biosynthesis of peptidoglycan cell wall, which is both ubiquitous and necessary for bacterial survival. Both the caprazamycin-related compounds A-90289 and muraminomicin, as well as the capuramycin-related compounds A-503083 and A-102395 are potent inhibitors of the translocase I enzyme, one of the key enzymes required for cell wall biosynthesis. The caprazamycin-related compounds contain a core nonproteinogen b-hydroxy-a-amino acid referred to as 5’-C-glycyluridine (GlyU). Residing within the biosynthetic gene clusters of the aforementioned compounds is a shared open reading ...

Il-4 Engagement Of The Type 1 Il-4 Receptor Complex Enhances Mouse Eosinophil Migration To Eotaxin-1 In Vitro, Nicola M. Heller, William M. Gwinn, Raymond P. Donnelly, Stephanie L. Constant, Achsah D. Keegan

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Molecular Characterization Of A Tetraspanin From The Human Liver Fluke, Opisthorchis Viverrini, Supawadee Piratae, Smarn Tesana, Malcolm K. Jones, Paul J. Brindley, Alex Loukas, Erica Lovas, Veerachai Eursitthichai, Banchob Sripa, Sirikanda Thanasuwan, Thewarach Laha

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Escherichia Coli Isolates That Carry Vat, Fyua, Chua, And Yfcv Efficiently Colonize The Urinary Tract, Rachel R. Spurbeck, Paul C. Dinh Jr., Seth T. Walk, Ann E. Stapleton, Thomas M. Hooton, Lisa K. Nolan, Kwang Sik Kim, James R. Johnson, Harry L. T. Mobley

Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine Publications and Papers

Extraintestinal Escherichia coli (ExPEC), a heterogeneous group of pathogens, encompasses avian, neonatal meningitis, and uropathogenic E. coli strains. While several virulence factors are associated with ExPEC, there is no core set of virulence factors that can be used to definitively differentiate these pathotypes. Here we describe a multiplex of four virulence factor-encoding genes, yfcV, vat,fyuA, and chuA, highly associated with uropathogenic E. coli strains that can distinguish three groups of E. coli: diarrheagenic and animal-associated E. colistrains, human commensal and avian pathogenic E. coli strains, and uropathogenic and neonatal meningitis E. coli strains. Furthermore, human intestinal isolates that encode ...

Virus-Producing Cells Determine The Host Protein Profiles Of Hiv-1 Virion Cores, Steven Santos, Yuri Obukhov, Sergei Nekhai, Michael Bukrinsky, Sergey Iordanskiy

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Transcriptional Responses Of In Vivo Praziquantel Exposure In Schistosomes Identifies A Functional Role For Calcium Signalling Pathway Member Camkii, Hong You, Donald P. Mcmanus, Wei Hu, Michael J. Smout, Paul J. Brindley, Geoffrey N. Gobert

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Htlv Tax: A Fascinating Multifunctional Co-Regulator Of Viral And Cellular Pathways, Robert Currer, Rachel Van Duyne, Elizabeth Jaworski, Irene Guendel, Gavin Sampey, Ravi Das, Aarthi Narayanan, Fatah Kashanchi

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Break Out: Urogenital Schistosomiasis And Schistosoma Haematobium Infection In The Post-Genomic Era, Paul J. Brindley, Peter J. Hotez

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Latexin Is Down-Regulated In Hematopoietic Malignancies And Restoration Of Expression Inhibits Lymphoma Growth, Yi Liu, Dianna Howard, Kyle Rector, Carol Swiderski, Jason Brandon, Lawrence Schook, Jayesh Mehta, J. Scott Bryson, Subbarao Bondada, Ying Liang

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Latexin is a negative regulator of hematopoietic stem cell number in mice. Its dysregulated expression in other tumors led us to hypothesize that latexin may have tumor suppressor properties in hematological malignancies. We found that latexin was down-regulated in a variety of leukemia and lymphoma cell lines as well as in CD34+ cells from the blood and marrow of patients with these malignancies. 5-aza-2'-deoxycytodine treatment and bisulfite sequencing revealed hypermethylation of latexin promoter in tumor cells. Retrovirus-mediated latexin overexpression in A20 mouse lymphoma cells inhibited their in vitro growth by 16 fold and in vivo tumor volume by 2 ...

Germline Transgenesis And Insertional Mutagenesis In Schistosoma Mansoni Mediated By Murine Leukemia Virus, Gabriel Rinaldi, Sabine E. Eckert, Isheng J. Tsai, Suttas Suttiprapa, Kristine J. Kines, Jose F. Tort, Victoria H. Mann, Daniel J. Turner, Matthew Berriman, Paul J. Brindley

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Immune Clearance Of Attenuated Rabies Virus Results In Neuronal Survival With Altered Gene Expression., Emily A Gomme, Christoph Wirblich, Sankar Addya, Glenn F Rall, Matthias J Schnell

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

Rabies virus (RABV) is a highly neurotropic pathogen that typically leads to mortality of infected animals and humans. The precise etiology of rabies neuropathogenesis is unknown, though it is hypothesized to be due either to neuronal death or dysfunction. Analysis of human brains post-mortem reveals surprisingly little tissue damage and neuropathology considering the dramatic clinical symptomology, supporting the neuronal dysfunction model. However, whether or not neurons survive infection and clearance and, provided they do, whether they are functionally restored to their pre-infection phenotype has not been determined in vivo for RABV, or any neurotropic virus. This is due, in part ...

Gastrointestinal Cell Mediated Immunity And The Microsporidia, Magali M. Moretto, Imtiaz A. Khan, Louis M. Weiss

Microbiology, Immunology, and Tropical Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

An Analysis Of The Incidence Of Antibiotic Resistant Infections In The State Of New Hampshire, Melanie Duhamel

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research paper is to study, analyze, and characterize antibiotic resistance in both the theoretical and investigative contexts. After an in-depth examination of the literature and previous research investigating the definition, origin, affected organisms, and proposed coping mechanisms related to antibiotic resistance, a research plan was organized and executed.

The organism Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was selected as the focus of study because of abundant current research and regulated monitoring of this organism in healthcare organizations. Data about the incidence rates of MRSA in theUnited States was collected from reports disseminated by the Center for Disease ...

Characterization Of Chlamydia Pneumoniae Cdsd And Its Role In The Basal Body Of The Type Iii Secretion Apparatus, Robert C. Clayden

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Chlamydia pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium which shares its unique biphasic developmental cycle, genus-specific lipopolysaccharide, and complement fixation antigen with the other Chlamydia species. Intracellular bacteria, like Chlamydia, require strategies to invade host cells, evade host detection, commandeer host processes, and absorb nutrients in order to support their developmental cycle and survive. The type III secretion (T3S) system meets these needs by transporting bacterial effector proteins across the bacterial membrane and through the host cell membrane. The T3S system in C. pneumoniae is composed of approximately twenty different proteins, whose encoding genes are dispersed throughout ten operons in ...

Characterization Of Antiviral Properties Of Trappin-2 And Elafin Against Hiv-1 And Hsv-2 In The Female Genital Mucosa, Anna Drannik

Open Access Dissertations and Theses

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), especially HIV/AIDS and HSV-2, continue to be a devastating burden on societies around the world. The close link between HSV-2 and HIV-1, the role of inflammation in driving these infections, and the limited success and availability of prophylactic and therapeutic measures underscore the need for continued search of alternative means of protection. Characterization of endogenous antimicrobials, especially those local to the female genital tract and actively regulating inflammatory and antiviral responses, could be beneficial for microbicidal trials. Although regulators of mucosal immunity, such as serine antiproteases, trappin-2 and elafin (Tr/E), have been associated with ...