Edith Cowan University
University of Pennsylvania
University of San Francisco
University of North Texas Health Science Center
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Acute Brachial Artery Responses To Endurance And High-Intensity Interval Exercise In Young Healthy Males,
2014
McMaster University
Acute Brachial Artery Responses To Endurance And High-Intensity Interval Exercise In Young Healthy Males, Greg M. Mcgill
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
Purpose: Habitual aerobic exercise improves vascular function; however, the acute vascular response to exercise is poorly understood. The present investigation compared the time course of acute changes in vascular function following two different types of aerobic exercise. Methods: Ten untrained males (23 ± 2 yrs) completed one bout of sustained moderate-intensity cycling (END) (30 mins at 55% peak power) or high-intensity interval (HIT) cycling (10 one-minute intervals at 80% peak power) on different days. Endothelium-dependent dilation was assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (baFMD) at baseline, immediately post-exercise, 1 hour post-exercise and 24 hours post-exercise. Endothelium-independent dilation was assessed via nitroglycerin ...
A Tri-Modality Comparison Of Volumetric Bone Measure Quantification Using 1.0 Tesla Peripheral Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography And High-Resolution-Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography Images, Andy Kin On Wong
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
This comparative study of peripheral (p) QCT, high-resolution pQCT (hr-pQCT) and 1.0 Tesla pMRI technologies quantified short-term test-retest reproducibility, validity, one-year detection limit and clinical sensitivity of each modality’s derived bone measures. Select bone outcomes were evaluated from scans performed on Hamiltonian women above 50 years old and externally validated in a population-based cohort. In the local cohort (age: 74 ± 9 years and BMI 27.65 ± 5.74 kg/m2), Tb.Sp measured on pMRI, Ct.Th and vBMD from pQCT showed significant correlations (r2=0.52-0.85) with hr-pQCT, yielding slopes near unity. Bland-Altman analyses ...
The Biology Of Dendritic Cell Subsets In Allergen-Induced Asthma,
2014
McMaster University
The Biology Of Dendritic Cell Subsets In Allergen-Induced Asthma, Benny Dua
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways, and there has been growing insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory basis of this disease. Research into the inflammatory mechanisms of asthma has progressively shifted focus from downstream effectors, such as mast cells and eosinophils, up to Th2 lymphocytes and their proallergic cytokines. Even more upstream in the allergic cascade are dendritic cells (DCs), potent APCs that orchestrate immune responses. Evidence supporting a role of DCs in regulating airway allergic inflammation is derived mainly from animal studies. In animal models of asthma, myeloid DCs (mDCs) induce and maintain ...
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Detection: An Evaluation Of Current And Developing Methods,
2013
McMaster University
Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Detection: An Evaluation Of Current And Developing Methods, Grace Zhang
The Meducator
Epidemics arising from foodborne pathogenic bacteria are a major public health concern. There is a critical need for the development and integration of sensitive and effecient methods for foodborne pathogen detection. Beyond this, detection should ideally be rapid, inexpensive, and easy to operate without extensive training or expertise. Although conventional techniques, involving plating followed by various biochemical tests can reliably detect bacteria at low concentrations, the time required to obtain a result is often impractical. Techniques used in conjunction with conventional methods include immunological tests and nucleic acid-based tests; these have been adapted for simultaneous screening of multiple bacterial strains ...
Gsk-3 Beta Inhibition More Strongly Blocks Acquisition Than Expression Of Amphetamine-Produced Conditioned Place Preference In Rats,
2013
McMaster University
Gsk-3 Beta Inhibition More Strongly Blocks Acquisition Than Expression Of Amphetamine-Produced Conditioned Place Preference In Rats, Rebekah Wickens, Richard J. Beninger
The Meducator
Dopamine (DA) has been implicated in behavioural sensitization and incentive learning. The signaling molecule glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), activated downstream of DA D2-like receptors, affects DA-mediated behaviours. For example, inhibition of GSK-3β attenuates locomotor sensitization to psychomotor stimulant drugs. Few studies have examined the effects of GSK-3β inhibition in incentive learning paradigms. We examined the effects of GSK-3β inhibition on incentive learning produced by amphetamine (1.5 mg/kg) in the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. The selective GSK-3 inhibitor SB 216763 was administered intraperitoneally to male Wistar rats at doses of 1.0, 2.0, and 2.5 mg ...
Ubisol-Qe As A Therapeutic Treatment For Paraquat Induced Neurodegeneration In Rat Model Of Parkinson’S Disease,
2013
McMaster University
Ubisol-Qe As A Therapeutic Treatment For Paraquat Induced Neurodegeneration In Rat Model Of Parkinson’S Disease, Samantha Leahy
The Meducator
The standard pathophysiology in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), is caused by loss of dopaminergic neurons. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress have been implicated in these types of neuronal death. It has been shown that exposure to environmental toxins such as paraquat, a commonly used herbicide, can lead to an increase in the incidence of PD. So far, there is no effective therapeutic treatment that can halt the progression of the neurodegeneration. We have been conducting research on a water soluble formulation of CoQ10 (Ubisol-QE) and are testing its ability to protect neurons in vivo. It has ...
Cortical Thickness In Children Of Parents Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder,
2013
McMaster University
Cortical Thickness In Children Of Parents Diagnosed With Bipolar Disorder, Corinne Oliver, Lindsay Hanford, Geoffrey B. Hall, Roberto B. Sassi
The Meducator
Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with reduced cortical thickness in prefrontal and temporal cortical areas responsible for affect regulation. Children of parents diagnosed with bipolar disorder (high-risk (HR) offspring) are at risk of developing a psychiatric illness, and may have cortical abnormalities in affect regulating pathways prior to the onset of any psychiatric disorder. The current study is investigating cortical abnormalities in children at risk of developing bipolar disorder to better understand the developmental trajectories of psychopathology. Twenty-four HR bipolar offspring (average age = 13.7 (2.69) years, 12 females), and 9 age and sex matched healthy controls (HC) (average ...
Lupus Nephritis Pathoprofile,
2013
McMaster University
Lupus Nephritis Pathoprofile, Annie Cheung, Arlinda Deng, Annie Zhu
The Meducator
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the inflammation of the kidney caused by systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which is an autoimmune disease involving neutrophils. Neutrophils are a class of circulating immune cells that can immobilize and kill invading microbes by generating neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In usual circumstances, NETs are removed from the body in order to maintain tissue homeostasis and avoid autoimmunity. However, it has been implicated that there is an impairment of NET degradation in LN, resulting in the initiation of an auto-inflammatory response that involves the production of autoantibodies against neutrophil DNA and proteins. LN is characterized by renal ...
From Heart Beats To Health Recipes: The Role Of Fractal Physiology In The Ancestral Health Movement,
2013
Ancestral Health Society
From Heart Beats To Health Recipes: The Role Of Fractal Physiology In The Ancestral Health Movement, Aaron P. Blaisdell, Brent Pottenger, John S. Torday
Journal of Evolution and Health
The human body—an amazing biological system that scales up fractally from its cellular building blocks—exhibits an incredible ability to self heal. Why then, are chronic diseases and degeneration on the rise in the population? Why are we sicker, more obese, and more depressed and stressed than ever before in human history? Why can’t we heal? The answers to these questions may lie in our ancestry, and modern departure from the human ecological niche. The ability to heal requires proper spatio-temporal inputs—nutrition, sleep, stress, activity, and socialization—in order for cellular signaling to occur properly across semi-permeable ...
The Effects Of Pre- And Postnatal Administration Of Propionic Acid And Lipopolysaccharide On The Behaviour Of Adolescent Male And Female Rats,
2013
Western University
The Effects Of Pre- And Postnatal Administration Of Propionic Acid And Lipopolysaccharide On The Behaviour Of Adolescent Male And Female Rats, Kelly A. Foley
University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
The gut microbiome plays an important role in immune functioning and neurodevelopment. Altered microbiome composition, leading to short chain fatty acid, and/or immune system dysfunction has been observed in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). This thesis describes the developmental influence of prenatal exposure to propionic acid (PPA), a metabolic fermentation product of enteric bacteria, or prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a bacterial mimetic and product of enteric bacteria, on a range of behaviours in male and female neonatal, adolescent and adult rats. Study one evaluated the effects of prenatal PPA and LPS, and postnatal PPA, on developmental milestones ...
Cholesterol-Mediated Dysfunction Of Surfactant Effects Of Surfactant Protein-A And Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia,
2013
Western University
Cholesterol-Mediated Dysfunction Of Surfactant Effects Of Surfactant Protein-A And Diet-Induced Hypercholesterolemia, Joshua Qua Hiansen
University of Western Ontario - Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository
This thesis explored the effects of cholesterol and SP-A on surfactant function in vitro, and lung function in vivo. In the first experiment, we determined whether SP-A could mitigate cholesterol-mediated surfactant dysfunction. We hypothesized that SP-A can mitigate the surfactant inhibition caused by high cholesterol. In the second experiment, we tested the contribution of diet-induced serum hypercholesterolemia to surfactant composition and the development of lung injury in rats. We hypothesized that serum hypercholesterolemia would increase the amount of cholesterol in surfactant and would cause rats to develop more severe lung injury. Our results indicate that SP-A mitigates cholesterol-mediated surfactant inhibition ...
Auditory Stimuli Mimicking Ambient Sounds Drive Temporal "Delta Brushes" In Premature Infants,
2013
Himmelfarb Health Sciences Library, The George Washington University
Auditory Stimuli Mimicking Ambient Sounds Drive Temporal "Delta Brushes" In Premature Infants, Mathilde Chipaux, Matthew Colonnese, Audrey Mauguen, Laure Fellous, Mostafa Mokhtari, Oscar Lezcano, Mathieu Milh, Olivier Dulac, Catherine Chiron, Rustem Khazipov, Anna Kaminska
Pharmacology and Physiology Faculty Publications
In the premature infant, somatosensory and visual stimuli trigger an immature electroencephalographic (EEG) pattern, “delta-brushes,” in the corresponding sensory cortical areas. Whether auditory stimuli evoke delta-brushes in the premature auditory cortex has not been reported. Here, responses to auditory stimuli were studied in 46 premature infants without neurologic risk aged 31 to 38 postmenstrual weeks (PMW) during routine EEG recording. Stimuli consisted of either low-volume technogenic “clicks” near the background noise level of the neonatal care unit, or a human voice at conversational sound level. Stimuli were administrated pseudo-randomly during quiet and active sleep. In another protocol, the cortical response ...
Mismatch Repair Genes Mlh1 And Mlh3 Modify Cag Instability In Huntington's Disease Mice: Genome-Wide And Candidate Approaches,
2013
University of Kentucky
Mismatch Repair Genes Mlh1 And Mlh3 Modify Cag Instability In Huntington's Disease Mice: Genome-Wide And Candidate Approaches, Ricardo Mouro Pinto, Ella Dragileva, Andrew Kirby, Alejandro Lloret, Edith Lopez, Jason St. Claire, Gagan B. Panigrahi, Caixia Hou, Kim Holloway, Tammy Gillis, Jolene R. Guide, Paula E. Cohen, Guo-Min Li, Christopher E. Pearson, Mark J. Daly, Vanessa C. Wheeler
Graduate Center for Toxicology Faculty Publications
The Huntington's disease gene (HTT) CAG repeat mutation undergoes somatic expansion that correlates with pathogenesis. Modifiers of somatic expansion may therefore provide routes for therapies targeting the underlying mutation, an approach that is likely applicable to other trinucleotide repeat diseases. Huntington's disease Hdh(Q111) mice exhibit higher levels of somatic HTT CAG expansion on a C57BL/6 genetic background (B6.Hdh(Q111) ) than on a 129 background (129.Hdh(Q111) ). Linkage mapping in (B6x129).Hdh(Q111) F2 intercross animals identified a single quantitative trait locus underlying the strain-specific difference in expansion in the striatum, implicating mismatch repair (MMR ...
Healthcare-Associated Infections-Is Targeting Zero A Global Reality?,
2013
Thomas Jefferson University
Healthcare-Associated Infections-Is Targeting Zero A Global Reality?, Mary Lou Manning Phd, Crnp, Cic, Faan, Denise Murphy Rn, Mph, Cic, Faan
Population Health Matters (Formerly Health Policy Newsletter)
No abstract provided.
Probiotics: Finding The Right Regulatory Balance,
2013
University of Maryland Francis King Carey School of Law
Probiotics: Finding The Right Regulatory Balance, Diane E. Hoffmann, Claire M. Fraser-Liggett, Frank B. Palumbo, Jacques Ravel, Karen H. Rothenberg, Virginia Rowthorn
Faculty Scholarship
Some products marketed as drugs shuld be excused from Phase I trials, but safety and efficacy claims for dietary supplements should be more tightly regulated.
Mycological Study For A Management Plan Of A Neotropical Show Cave (Brazil),
2013
University of South Florida
Mycological Study For A Management Plan Of A Neotropical Show Cave (Brazil), Erika Linzi Silva Taylor, Maria Aparecida De Resende Stoianoff, Rodrigo Lopes Ferreira
International Journal of Speleology
Caves are stable environments with characteristics favoring the development of microorganisms. The allocthonous input of organic matter and microbes into the warm Neotropical caves may favor the development of filamentous fungi, including pathogenic species. Histoplasma capsulatum is a pathogenic species commonly found in caves and associated with bat and bird guano. Many Brazilian caves have been historically visited due to scenic and religious tourism. The objective of this study was to perform a microbiology study for a management plan of a show cave in Brazil, focusing on the presence and distribution of pathogenic and opportunistic fungi in the cave. Statistics ...
Equivalenece Of Antibody Binding To Hla On Beads And Cells: Critical Tests In Transplanation,
2013
McMaster University
Equivalenece Of Antibody Binding To Hla On Beads And Cells: Critical Tests In Transplanation, Balpreet Brar
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
AMR as a cause of graft rejection has been long recognized and the presence of pre formed antibodies against donor HLA is a risk factor for increased graft rejection. FlowXM is the current clinical gold standard for detecting harmful DSA in the recipients and a positive FlowXM is considered a strong contraindication to transplantation. However, newer techniques such as SAB provide with a highly sensitive and specific method for DSA detection that is unattainable by FlowXM. But due to the intrinsic limitations associated with SAB assays, the clinical relevance of DSA detected on SAB has been highly disputable. Therefore, the ...
Visceral Pain Responses To Colorectal Distention In Rats That Have Recovered From A Bout Of Colitis,
2013
McMaster University
Visceral Pain Responses To Colorectal Distention In Rats That Have Recovered From A Bout Of Colitis, Jessica L. Sessenwein
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
Increased visceral pain is often seen in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation. Some studies, however, have suggested that such pain may persist after resolution of damage or inflammation. Despite the debilitating pain associated with GI inflammation, and its significant impact on affected individuals, few studies have addressed this issue. We hypothesized that altered visceral pain responses would persist after resolution of a bout of colitis in an animal model of colitis. We studied the pain responses to colorectal distention in Wistar rats with dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis, using changes in heart rate as an index of pain. Colonic ...
The Role Of The Transcription Factor Ets-1 In Mitochondrial Metabolism And Oxidative Stress,
2013
McMaster University
The Role Of The Transcription Factor Ets-1 In Mitochondrial Metabolism And Oxidative Stress, Meghan L. Verschoor
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
Normal cellular energy metabolism is fundamentally altered in cancer cells to facilitate rapid production of new cellular components, thereby enabling uncontrolled cell growth. Specifically, cancer cells rely on glycolysis and alternative pathways such as lipid and glutamine metabolism for energy, while diverting substrates away from oxidative metabolism regardless of the prevalence of oxygen in the microenvironment. This hallmark of cancer cells is referred to as the Warburg effect, the precise regulation of which is poorly understood despite several decades of research. In comparing the global gene expression profiles of ovarian cancer cells to those that overexpress Ets-1, we have revealed ...
Comprehensive Investigation Of Energy Fluence Spectra And Mlc Modeling Parameters And Their Effects On Dose Calculation Accuracy In Pinnacle,
2013
McMaster University
Comprehensive Investigation Of Energy Fluence Spectra And Mlc Modeling Parameters And Their Effects On Dose Calculation Accuracy In Pinnacle, Jameel Ali Bashehab
Open Access Dissertations and Theses
The main focus of this work is to improve the existing clinical machine model within the Pinnacle software planning system (at Juravinski Cancer Center, Hamilton, CA). The incident energy fluence spectrum exiting from the accelerator head is considered an important element of the machine model. Relying on the Pinnacle auto modeling function to determine the relative photon fluence spectrum based on percent depth dose curves fitting for various filed sizes, led to different solutions when the process cycle were repeated. This work presents a new method for determining the Pinnacle photon energy fluence spectrum based on 6 MV Varian 21EX ...
