Preparatory And Performance Self-Efficacy In Athletes,
2014
University of Dayton
Preparatory And Performance Self-Efficacy In Athletes
Stander Symposium Projects
Self-efficacy establishes a relationship between people and their goal-directed behavior. The relationship helps determine whether people will initiate the behavior and how long they will persist in performing the behavior. Specific types of self-efficacy are preparatory self-efficacy in relation to a certain task, (i.e., that is, self-perception of anticipated ability in successfully completing a task) and performance self-efficacy regarding that task. Specifically, the present study examined these two types of self-efficacy in response to the performance on spatial tasks that assessed the ability to take different perspectives and picture the movement of objects in space. Participants were given preparatory, performance, …
Research Exercise: Research On Aspects Of The Classroom Environment In P-12 Schools On Student Learning,
2014
University of Dayton
Research Exercise: Research On Aspects Of The Classroom Environment In P-12 Schools On Student Learning
Stander Symposium Projects
Standards for the teaching profession emphasize the importance of awareness, understanding, and integration into practice of current research in education. The goal of the EDT 110H1 class project was to explore different learning environments that affect student learning.
Quasi-Plagiarism Vs. Human Universality In The Dystopian Genre,
2014
University of Dayton
Quasi-Plagiarism Vs. Human Universality In The Dystopian Genre
Stander Symposium Projects
Dystopian literature characteristically addresses the plight of the “everyman” as he copes with the oppression imposed by a totalitarian regime. Touchstone writers of the genre known for novels including Nineteen Eighty-Four, Brave New World and Anthem have, however, been scrutinized for creating uncannily similar plots. While scholars have linked the writers’ ideas back to a Russian predecessor, the novel We, this research explores how a charge of quasi-plagiarism is a shallow explanation. The great question being explored in any dystopian novel is whether government can save mankind from itself by eradicating individual will. The commonalities among that individual will dictate …
Research Exercise: Research On Single Gender Environments,
2014
University of Dayton
Research Exercise: Research On Single Gender Environments
Stander Symposium Projects
Standards for the teaching profession emphasize the importance of awareness, understanding, and integration into practice of current research in education. The goal of the EDT 110H1 class project was to present syntheses of related literature on pertinent topics to p - 12 education, specifically the benefits of single gender environments on student achievement.
Rejection Sensitivity As A Mediator Of The Effects Of Parental Support On Friendship Alienation,
2014
University of Dayton
Rejection Sensitivity As A Mediator Of The Effects Of Parental Support On Friendship Alienation
Stander Symposium Projects
Previous research has shown an association between parental relationship and friendship quality, so that with higher quality relationships with parents, there is an increased probability of higher friendship quality. However, the process by which these variables are related remains unclear. The present study tested rejection sensitivity, or the tendency to readily perceive and expect social humiliation or rejection, as a possible mediator of the relationship between parental relationship quality and friend alienation. The current study hypothesized that parental relationship quality would be inversely associated with friendship alienation; and that the association between parental relationship quality and friendship alienation would be …
Supporting A Local Thrift Shop To Help The Tenants Of Good Shepherd Ministries,
2014
University of Dayton
Supporting A Local Thrift Shop To Help The Tenants Of Good Shepherd Ministries
Stander Symposium Projects
The Good Shepard Ministries is a Miami Valley organization that assists in the recovery of former drug addicts and their successful re-entry into society. The ministry is funded by community donations of gently-used items and food. As members of the Social Justice Service Club, our service project is organizing a UD community donation drive to assist this ministry. Our plan is to set up donation bins in the Kettering Union, the RecPlex, and the freshman and sophomore dorms. Donated items will be collected and sorted through on a weekly basis and then transported to The Good Shepard Ministries for distribution …
Singularity-Free Synthesis Of Coupler-Drivers For Actuating Single Degree-Of-Freedom Mechanisms,
2014
University of Dayton
Singularity-Free Synthesis Of Coupler-Drivers For Actuating Single Degree-Of-Freedom Mechanisms
Stander Symposium Projects
The goal of this research is to advance the synthesis methodology for designing coupler-drivers for actuating single degree of freedom mechanisms. A planar coupler-driver is a chain consisting of a fixed revolute joint, an actuated prismatic joint, and a moving revolute joint connected to an ideal location on a previously synthesized planar mechanism. Although such a chain may be connected between any fixed point and any moving point on the mechanism, the synthesis challenge is determining the locations of these points such that the mechanism moves over its desired range of motion without reaching a singularity. A singularity is a …
Serial Chains Of Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms To Achieve Design Helices,
2014
University of Dayton
Serial Chains Of Spherical Four-Bar Mechanisms To Achieve Design Helices
Stander Symposium Projects
This research presents a methodology for designing mechanical chains comprised of a large number of identical spherical four-bar mechanisms. Such a mechanical chain can achieve up to five prescribed helices. A spherical four-bar mechanism is a single degree of freedom device consisting of four revolute (R) joints whose rotational axes intersect at a common point. The mechanical chains are created by connecting the coupler of the prior spherical mechanism to the base link of the subsequent spherical mechanism. An extension on each mechanism will lie along the prescribed helices as the device moves. The methodology introduces a companion helix to …
Research Exercise: The Future Of Humanitarian Aid In Afghanistan: An Analysis Of United Nations Humanitarian Aid From March, 2002 Until March, 2014, And A Projection Of Afghanistan's Future Humanitarian Climate,
2014
University of Dayton
Research Exercise: The Future Of Humanitarian Aid In Afghanistan: An Analysis Of United Nations Humanitarian Aid From March, 2002 Until March, 2014, And A Projection Of Afghanistan's Future Humanitarian Climate
Stander Symposium Projects
At the International Conference on Reconstruction Assistance to Afghanistan, the United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan called for an injection of 10 billion dollars of aid, over a ten-year period, into Afghanistan. Since March of 2002, the UN Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) has facilitated the development and coordination of sustainable humanitarian initiatives in the country. This project will explore the extent, type, and effectiveness of international aid in Afghanistan since the arrival of UNAMA. The project intends to use the identified patterns and traits of this 12 year period to project the potential humanitarian landscape of Afghanistan moving forward.
The Acute Effects Of Aerobic And Resistance Exercise On Cardiovascular Function And Arterial Stiffness,
2014
University of Dayton
The Acute Effects Of Aerobic And Resistance Exercise On Cardiovascular Function And Arterial Stiffness
Stander Symposium Projects
This study investigated how long the cardiovascular effects of aerobic and resistance exercise propagate after completion of exercise in healthy males. Cardiovascular function was closely monitored to observe changes in arterial stiffness before exercise and during recovery. Parameters used to monitor vascular function include central and peripheral blood pressure, heart rate, velocity of blood flow, and blood biomarkers of vascular function. The study required participants to complete an aerobic, resistance and control exposure. Measures of the parameters were taken at rest and at specified intervals after completion of each protocol. These measurements were analyzed to determine the acute effects of …
The Acute Effect Of A Sensory Integration Therapy Intervention On Postural Stability And Gaze Patterns Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Feasibility Trial,
2014
University of Dayton
The Acute Effect Of A Sensory Integration Therapy Intervention On Postural Stability And Gaze Patterns Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Feasibility Trial
Stander Symposium Projects
The research of objective of this feasibility study is to determine whether posturography and gaze tracking could be used to measure the effect of a common SI intervention. The hypothesis tested is that subjects will demonstrate changes in postural stability and socially relevant gaze fixations post-intervention.
Writing About My Adamantium Skeleton: Media Self-Assimilation Bolsters Grip Strength When Embodying A Personal Ideal,
2014
University of Dayton
Writing About My Adamantium Skeleton: Media Self-Assimilation Bolsters Grip Strength When Embodying A Personal Ideal
Stander Symposium Projects
Body image research focuses on how ideal physical dimensions, purported by media and culture, may not be attainable for the average person. For men, that includes evolutionary indicators of physical prowess, such as heavy musculature and physical strength. Findings often indicate deleterious effects of such media on positive regard toward the self following comparison between self and ideal other. However, considerably less research concerns itself with men feeling part of the muscular ideal, thus buffering themselves from feelings of inadequacy. The current study addresses this concern through media self-assimilation (MSA), a process of imbuing oneself with characteristics of a media …
The Glass Walls Project: Sharing Science And Engineering In 3d,
2014
University of Dayton
The Glass Walls Project: Sharing Science And Engineering In 3d
Stander Symposium Projects
The Glass Walls Project is the brainchild of Dr. Peter Powers. It is a computer application for visualizing scientific and engineering laboratories, logging experiments, and networking the process. This presentation is a demo program focused on the 3-dimensional visualization and exploration of laboratories.
Research Exercise: United Nations Reform: Inefficiencies Of The Responsibility To Protect,
2014
University of Dayton
Research Exercise: United Nations Reform: Inefficiencies Of The Responsibility To Protect
Stander Symposium Projects
The infant nation state of Timor Leste has faced many roadblocks in their short history of sovereignty, and the introduction of higher efficiency wood burning stoves can help reverse these trends. Timorese satisfy 95% of their energy needs by burning wood in personal stoves and generators, a trend that is leading to high rates of air pollution related health conditions and rapid deforestation. High efficiency stoves can reduce family energy costs by 40%, while greatly limiting carbon emissions in the home and dense urban areas. The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) has taken up the challenge of implementing these …
Upper Grade Level Literacy: Instructional Strategies For Struggling Readers,
2014
University of Dayton
Upper Grade Level Literacy: Instructional Strategies For Struggling Readers
Stander Symposium Projects
Education research has shown that a quarter of eighth-grade students perform below basic reading proficiency. Despite this, reading instruction often ceases after eighth grade while text structure and content area language become more difficult. This research project focuses on studying strategies used for struggling readers in seventh through twelfth grade and includes a case study of a struggling reader in order to identify some of the characteristics and needs of struggling readers. This research synthesizes ideas from previous studies, analyzes teacher interviews for literacy instruction strategies, and, in the case study, uses observation, primary source study, and reading assessments.
When Are Positive Views Of Myself Harmful? An Experimental Test Of Interactive Effects Of Self-Enhancement, Stress Severity, And Context Controllability On Mental Health,
2014
University of Dayton
When Are Positive Views Of Myself Harmful? An Experimental Test Of Interactive Effects Of Self-Enhancement, Stress Severity, And Context Controllability On Mental Health
Stander Symposium Projects
A wide array of research has shown that people tend to view themselves in a positively biased manner, known as self-enhancement. Some findings show that self-enhancement promotes positive mental health, while others reveal that self-enhancement can be harmful to mental health. Recent research suggests that self-enhancement’s impact on mental health during negative experiences depends on context controllability and stress severity. It also suggests that one’s motivation to address the negative experience affects the mental outcomes manifested from self-enhancement. The main objectives of the present study are to a) experimentally examine how self-enhancement, stress severity, and context controllability interact to affect …
Research Exercise: Understanding The Common Core State Standards And Their Role In Catholic Education,
2014
University of Dayton
Research Exercise: Understanding The Common Core State Standards And Their Role In Catholic Education
Stander Symposium Projects
In 2009, the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) revolutionized academic standards, providing a format adopted by states across America that focused on raising Math and English Language Arts standards as preparation for colleges and careers. In conjunction with the adoption and implementation of the CCSS across the United States, Catholic schools have worked towards the strengthening and advancement of their own educational systems. This thesis first examines the background of the CCSS, including implementation and professional development, as well as the opposition regarding the standards. The paper presents an overview of the history of academic standards in Catholic education and …
Truncation Error For A Finite Difference Scheme For The Black-Scholes Model,
2014
University of Dayton
Truncation Error For A Finite Difference Scheme For The Black-Scholes Model
Stander Symposium Projects
Finite difference methods are simplest and oldest methods among all the numerical techniques to approximate the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). The derivatives in the partial differential equation are approximated by finite difference formulas. The error between the numerical solution and the exact solution is determined by the error between a differential operator to a difference operator. This error is called the discretization error or truncation error. The term truncation error reflects the fact that a finite part of a Taylor series is used in the approximation. In this work we will analyze the truncation error for a finite …
The Reverse Mission: A Service Immersion In El Salvador,
2014
University of Dayton
The Reverse Mission: A Service Immersion In El Salvador
Stander Symposium Projects
The organization Christians for Peace in El Salvador, or CRISPAZ, hosted myself and ten other University of Dayton students for one week in January. Throughout this week my peers and I experienced the daily routines of those living in the fast-paced atmosphere of San Salvador, the capital city of El Salvador, as well as the town of San Jose Los Flores, a small agricultural village with dirt roads and one large church at the center. Representatives from CRISPAZ sat down with us on the first night in El Salvador to discuss the purpose of the mission trip. They explained that …
A Geometric Study Of The Discharge Port Used In Scroll Compressors,
2014
University of Dayton
A Geometric Study Of The Discharge Port Used In Scroll Compressors
Stander Symposium Projects
A scroll compression has become the prevalent technology used air-conditioning and refrigeration systems. The compression chamber consists of two spiral shaped vanes that form pairs of chambers. A crankshaft imposes an orbital translation on one of the vanes, which reduces the volume of the chambers, thereby compressing the gas trapped within the chamber. A hole is placed at the center of the fixed spiral. The moving spiral will uncover the hole, which serves as an exhaust port. This project studies the exhaust flow area as a function of crank angle. Additionally, the project assesses the sensitivity of the exhaust flow …
