Social and Behavioral Sciences | Open Access Articles

Cultural Heritage And Storytelling: The Role Of Mythology And Folklore In Popular Fictional Novels, Katrina Powers

A with Honors Projects

An ethnographic paper focusing on how mythology and folklore in popular fictional novels connects readers to cultural heritage.

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"Better Too Much Than Not Enough": Women Of Color On The Federal Bench, Laura Moyer, Rorie Spill Solberg, Allison Harris

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

It is well established that the federal judiciary has been an overwhelmingly White and male institution since its creation and continues to be so today. Even as presidents of both parties have looked to diversify their judicial nominees, this has tended to result in the appointment of White women and men of color rather than women of color. Using data on the confirmed federal district and circuit court judges from presidents Clinton through Trump, we assess how the backgrounds of women of color nominated to the federal judiciary compare with those of other appointees. The results indicate that, compared to …

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A Job-Demand Resource Theory And Psychological Flexibility Integrated Model Of Police Officer Burnout, Lucas David Baker

Dissertations and Theses

Police officers encounter stressors as a result of job responsibilities that contribute to high rates of occupational burnout. Defined by three primary components (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and professional inefficacy), burnout is associated with health- and work-related problems among officers. In addition, police agencies incur significant costs associated with burnout due to performance decline and turnover. Officer burnout is also a matter of public interest given that burnout is associated with low prosocial behavior and high use of force. As such, research that aims to explore the formation and maintenance of officer burnout may be consequential for the profession and society …

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Narratives Of Positionality In Primatology: Foreign/Range–Country Collaborator Perspectives From Africa And South America, Michelle A. Rodrigues, Vicent Kiiza, Matthew R. Mclennan, Sérgio L. Mendes, Karen B. Strier

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Primate research and conservation may inadvertently reproduce neocolonial dynamics when primatologists from affluent, imperialist nations conduct studies in primate habitat countries. Here, we consider how interrogating the positionality of both foreign researchers and range-country collaborators can strengthen primatology. Such consideration may help us to better understand where each member of the collaboration is coming from, both figuratively and literally, and how those situated perceptions shape the research process. Centering the perspectives of the range-country collaborators, whose perspectives are infrequently voiced within the primatology literature, may illuminate challenges in cross-cultural communication and imbalances of knowledge and power. Here, we explore how …

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Digital Partnerships: Nontraditional Learning Opportunities At The Freedman Center For Digital Scholarship, Amanda Koziura, R. Benjamin Gorham

Library Faculty Research

This book chapter details instructional partnerships between experts at the Freedman Center for Digital Scholarship and faculty and students at Case Western Reserve University. Applications of digital scholarship methods in the classroom are discussed through case studies, which include assignments and activities incorporating GIS, Scalar, and photogrammetry. A literature review and mapping of digital scholarship concepts and methods to the ACRL Framework for Information Literacy in Higher Education are included.

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Psychological Functioning And Community Support In Adolescents Exposed To A School Shooting, Jessica Taylor Kelly

Dissertations and Theses

This study evaluated the impact of community support, specifically the impact of a trauma-related community-led campaign, on high school youth following a school shooting. Adolescents are at risk for the adverse impacts of trauma exposure (Katsiyannis et al., 2018; Rajan et al., 2019; Heleniak et al., 2016; McDermott & Cobham, 2012; McLean et al., 2013; Schonfeld & Demaria, 2020). However, social support from one’s community has been found to protect against the psychological and functional consequences of exposure to trauma (Bal et al., 2003; Cheng et al., 2014; Derivois et al., 2014. The purpose of this study was to assess …

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Breaking The Cycle Of Violence: Parenting As A Protective Factor, Melanie Berry

Selected Full-Text Master Theses 2021-

There is an abundance of research that explore risk factors that demonstrate the cycle of violence. This study sought to highlight protective factors and why some do not perpetuate the cycle of violence. Participants consisted of 578 undergraduate males and females. Through the use archival data from several questionnaires, the study sought to learn if parental care and overprotection can break the cycle of violence. Moreover, it was hypothesized that (1) There will be a significant negative relationship between parental care and adult violence (2) There will be a significant positive relationship between insecure attachment and adult violence (3) There …

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The Psychological Aspects Of Domestic Violence, Marshell Milton Wallace

Selected Full-Text Master Theses 2021-

Domestic violence is a behavioral problem that has increased within the United States over the past decade. This master’s thesis analyzed the literature that reports on the psychological and physiological (often termed psychophysiological) portion of domestic violence. Analysis of three studies on the effects of domestic violence shows agreement that domestic violence manifests in victims as four primary physiological effects and four psychological effects. However, treatment of domestic abuse appears to concentrate on the psychological components of domestic abuse and tends to exclude the physiological aspects. This thesis argues that effective treatment for victims of domestic violence should include training …

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A Narrative Study Describing The Transition From Residential Treatment As A Child: An Adult Perspective, Alison Marie Vogelsang

Dissertations and Theses

To date, the literature sorely lacks empirical research exploring treatment outcomes among children in residential treatment centers (RTCs). Consequentially, there is an increasing demand for more studies examining such outcomes, particularly as they pertain to an individual’s experience leaving an RTC. There is even less research exploring the perspectives of individuals who resided in an RTC as a child due to the vulnerable nature of this population and difficulty in accessibility. The transitional period is believed to be a salient component impacting treatment outcomes, yet little is known about how this component of residential treatment is experienced and whether it …

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A Support Vector Machine Application For The Detection Of Pupillary Markers Of Cognitive Workload, Kouadio Marc-Antoine Audoin B Niamba

Dissertations and Theses

A high percentage of road accidents is caused by driver errors. As such, a first step toward preventing these accidents is the prediction of driver errors. Modern theories of attention suggest that the potential for errors increases with the amount of mental resources demanded from an activity (Kato, Endo, and Kizuka, 2009). In other words, monitoring the amount of mental resources may provide a viable way to predict driver errors. Pupillometry, the study of pupil dimensions and their reactivity, proposes that the diameter of the pupil expands concomitantly with the amount of mental resources mobilized. Pupillometry, therefore, offers a measure …

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Pathways Forward For Onshore Wind Energy In The State Of Maryland: A Gis Multi-Criteria Analysis, George Pisano

Geography and the Environment: Graduate Student Capstones

This study examines pathways forward for onshore wind energy in the State of Maryland. To meet its decarbonization goals, Maryland needs to quickly transition its electric grid away from fossil fuels. The state is currently in the process of developing offshore wind farms that have the potential to represent a significant source of renewable energy. However little progress has been made in expanding Maryland’s onshore wind energy production capacity. Using a multi-criteria GIS analysis, this study found that there is a limited but not inconsiderable area in the state that could be suitable for wind farms of varying scales that …

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Fiction And Empathy: Does Reading Support Socio-Emotional Development In Adolescents?, Katrina Powers

A with Honors Projects

A paper exploring research on reading and empathy to determine if reading fiction would support socio-emotional development in adolescents.

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Challenges To Career As A Source Of Meaning And Satisfaction Among Certified Athletic Trainers In The United States Of America, Nicole Marie Glasgow

Dissertations and Theses

There is a high prevalence of burnout in the athletic training profession. Similar to what has been found in other healthcare professions, burnout is correlated with lack of job satisfaction, high turnover, and decreased productivity. In phase one of this study, the purpose was to investigate whether there was a relationship between perceived career meaning and burnout among certified athletic trainers. In phase two, the purpose of the study was to explore the lived experiences of meaningfulness and purposefulness by certified athletic trainers. The overall objective of the research was to generate an understanding of factors associated with burnout in …

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Fines, Fees, Race, And Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Joshua D. Houy

Dissertations and Theses

Fines and fees for legal violations finance American criminal justice systems but often at a severe cost to those incurring fines and fees. While fines and fees are a long-standing feature of the United States criminal justice system, the use of fines and fees recently captured attention of scholars in the wake of questions prompted by recent social, political, and legal developments. The central question is: What, if any, association is there between race, socioeconomic disadvantage, and county fine and fee issuance? The main hypothesis is: Fine and fee issuance of the most populous counties positively and significantly associate with …

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Understanding How Different Personality Models Can Predict Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Behaviors, Rachel Chavin

Dissertations and Theses

The current study seeks to examine the role of maladaptive personality traits and personality functioning’s relationship with non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) engagement and suicidal behavior. Specifically, this study examined the validity of the Alternative Model of Personality Disorders (AMPD) in predicting historical and prospective self-harm behavior in comparison to the Five Factor Model. This study recruited 400 female participants, ages 18-24, who completed a battery of measures about personality functioning, traits, self-harm, and suicidal history. Two weeks after the initial assessment, participants completed a follow-up survey to assess their NSSI behavior over the past two weeks. Through point-biserial correlations, this study …

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User Experience In The Visual Notifications On Smart Devices, Young Ae Kim

Dissertations and Theses

Notifications on smart devices have a crucial role for the end-users to help decide their action to the information. Despite the flexible customization of notifications for the intuitive user experience, users feel overwhelmed by the number of notifications they receive daily. The nature of notifications is short-lived, but they are extremely intrusive and disengaging. While user experience and user interface are advanced, notifications have remained broken despite their complexity. In fact, the notifications have the poorest usability that users may struggle to customize notifications in their smart devices and choose to ignore them. Irrelevant notifications not only get ignored, but …

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Externalizing Psychopathology In Individuals Who Have Criminally Offended: Factor Structure And Differential Outcome Associations, Robert Doss

Dissertations and Theses

In light of recent grievances with categorical conceptualizations of psychopathology, researchers recommend shifting away from categorical toward dimensional conceptualizations. However, research on dimensional conceptualizations and existing measurement tools’ ability to capture these dimensions is still in its early stages. Specifically, special attention has been paid to the externalizing dimension’s structure as a general dimension or two specific dimensions with shared characteristics (i.e., disinhibited externalizing and antagonistic externalizing). The current study aims to validate the PAI’s dimensional structure, focusing on the externalizing dimensions as depicted by the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) model, an emerging dimensional model of psychopathology. Participants were …

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A Model Of Childhood Maltreatment, Ptsd Symptoms, Reinforcement Sensitivity, And Alcohol Outcomes In Young Adults, Logan E. Welker

Dissertations and Theses

Alcohol use poses a significant public health concern, particularly among young adults, 35% of whom report binge drinking (SAMHSA, 2019). Childhood maltreatment is reported by over 50% of young adults (Maples et al., 2014) which places individuals at a greater risk of problematic drinking (Goldstein et al., 2010). Developmental traumatology theory posits that 1) maltreatment-related psychobiological changes are responsible for the increased risk of dysfunctional alcohol use in maltreated individuals and 2) PTSD may be a good indicator of this psychobiological change (De Bellis, 2002). PTSD symptoms have mediated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and alcohol outcomes in previous studies …

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Affective Dependence, Self-Regulation, And Alcohol-Related Problems: Between- And Within-Person Associations, Kyle James Walters

Dissertations and Theses

This study sought to elucidate the role of affective dependence (i.e., PA-NA correlation) as a predictor of goal pursuit and alcohol-related problems at the within- and between-person levels and trait urgency at the between-person level. Affective dependence, that is, the extent to which PA and NA are correlated, may be a marker for self-regulation on the one hand (weaker dependence) and impulsivity on the other (stronger dependence). Importantly, the association between PA and NA varies both within and between individuals (Dejonckheere et al., 2019; Zautra et al., 2001). I designed and implemented an intensive longitudinal study to test hypotheses that …

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Anti-Counterfeiting Warnings: Do They Influence Consumer Behavior And Perception Of Overt Indicators?, Elizabeth K. Sterling

Dissertations and Theses

This study examined if overt anti-counterfeiting indicators on product packages and warning labels added to the product, informing that the product might be a counterfeit, influenced participants to spend more time examining the product package for genuineness. The overt indicators used were a QR code, and a holographic security tag that were added to packages as a sticker. There was little research regarding what consumers were looking for when examining a product package to determine if the product was genuine or counterfeit. Arguments for both involving the consumers in the counterfeit identification process, and not involving the consumers in this …

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An Experience Sampling Study Of Sleep Disturbance, Emotional Regulation And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Predicting Alcohol Use Among Oif/Oef Veterans, Renata Jacqueline Surette

Dissertations and Theses

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a common concern for veterans involved in the post-9/11 Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts (Epidemiology, 2017). Alcohol use is highly comorbid with PTSD in returning veterans (Seal et al., 2011). There are several models for the complex relationship between these two constructs including self-medication models or as an attempt to regulate emotion. Sleep disturbances have been linked to PTSD and alcohol use (Conroy & Arnedt, 2014) and could be driving the relationship. It is also possible that difficulties in emotion regulation could be part of this relationship either independently (Kelly & Bardo, 2016; Perlick et al., …

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State Of The Parties 2022 (Ninth Edition), John C. Green, David B. Cohen, Kenneth M. Miller

The State of the Parties

The State of the Parties 2022 brings together leading scholars of parties, elections, and interest groups to provide an indispensable overview of American political parties today. The 2020 presidential election was extraordinary. What role did political parties play in these events? How did the party organizations fare? What are the implications for the future? Scholars and practitioners from throughout the United States explore the current state of American party organizations, constituencies and resources at the national, state and local level.

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Seeking Clarity In Murky Waters: Nuances Of Equity And Social Justice From A Teacher Perspective, Elaine J. Chan

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

In this study, I examined interactions between an English teacher and her students to illustrate ways in which issues of equity and social justice may play out in nuanced ways in the implementation of school curriculum in a diverse, Midwestern high school. These stories of classroom teacher and student experiences reveal complexities of how equity and social justice might unfold for students, and be understood by a teacher as she works with her students, to build a body of “teacher knowledge” (Clandinin and Connelly, 1996) that grows as the teacher gains experience. Examining complexities of “teacher knowledge” as a classroom …

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A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Computational risk detection has the potential to protect especially vulnerable populations from online victimization. Conducting a comprehensive literature review on computational approaches for online sexual risk detection led to the identification that the majority of this work has focused on identifying sexual predators after-the-fact. Also, many studies rely on public datasets and third-party annotators to establish ground truth and train their algorithms, which do not accurately represent young social media users and their perspectives to prevent victimization. To address these gaps, this dissertation integrated human-centered approaches to both creating representative datasets and developing sexual risk detection machine learning models to …

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Learning And Decision Making In Social Media Networks, Zhecheng Qiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Social media is a virtual community where users share news, ideas, interests, and information. Learning the information diffusion dynamics and making decisions correspondingly, e.g., selecting the seed nodes to maximize the influence, have been widely applied to the areas of viral marketing and cyber security. In this dissertation, we study the problem of learning diffusion process, i.e., infection prediction, in social media networks utilizing both feature-based machine learning methods and mathematical model-based methods. For feature-based machine learning methods, the neighborhood information is treated as an important feature together with user profile and content similarity features. For model-based methods, two distinctive …

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Coaching Pre-Service Aba Students To Correctly Respond To Challenging Behaviors During A Functional Analysis, Gabrielle Lonnemann

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

As Board Certified Behavior Analysts, we are responsible for training and implementing a variety of skills including a functional analysis. Bug in Ear teaching is an effective way to teach a variety of skills to a variety of professionals in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), as well as related fields. This study examined the effectiveness of using a Bug in Ear treatment package to teach preservice ABA masters students how to implement a functional analysis with isolated contingencies. This study suggests that the BIE treatment package may be an effective approach to teaching pre-service ABA students how to conduct a functional …

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A Role For Community-Level Socioeconomic Indicators In Targeting Tuberculosis Screening Interventions, Meredith B. Brooks, Helen E. Jenkins, Daniela Puma, Christine Tzelios, Ana Karina Millones, Judith Jimenez, Jerome T. Galea, Leonid Lecca, Mercedes C. Becerra, Salmaan Keshavjee, Courtney M. Yuen

Social Work Faculty Publications

Tuberculosis screening programs commonly target areas with high case notification rates. However, this may exacerbate disparities by excluding areas that already face barriers to accessing diagnostic services. We compared historic case notification rates, demographic, and socioeconomic indicators as predictors of neighborhood-level tuberculosis screening yield during a mobile screening program in 74 neighborhoods in Lima, Peru. We used logistic regression and Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis to identify predictors of screening yield. During February 7, 2019–February 6, 2020, the program screened 29,619 people and diagnosed 147 tuberculosis cases. Historic case notification rate was not associated with screening yield in any …

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Vcu Research Festival: From Ideas To Impact, The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute At Virginia Commonwealth University, Samsam Ali, Marlo Brown, Elizabeth Fredericksen-Trent, Catherine Ham, Carly Katz, Tiffany Murray-Robertson, John Quillin

The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute Publications

Since its beginning, VCU has been inextricably intertwined with the Richmond community - physically, socially, and economically. That dynamic interdependence, if leveraged correctly, can help us achieve the vision of Quest 2028. VCU’s website notes, “...our past has made us who we are…” And that past has not always helped maintain our critical relationship with the surrounding community. It is telling that this year’s VCU Common Book is Organ Thieves — a book about VCU’s own Henrietta Lacks story. Research at VCU led to Virginia’s first organ transplants, but there are different stories we can tell about VCU’s historic roads …

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How Can Economic And Social Marginalization Explain Mexico’S Drug War Violence? An Assessment Of The Role That Poverty And Social Marginalization Plays In Explaining Variations In Homicide Rates., Diego Flores

Pitzer Senior Theses

The violence characterizing the Mexican drug war necessitates studies that seek to understand the causal mechanisms at play in prompting this violence. Given that ongoing violence, is inherently a multicausal phenomenon, this study seeks to understand the role that marginalization plays in the increase of violence, specifically homicide rates in 2010 at the municipality level. The relationship between the independent variable, marginalization indexes of all Mexican municipalities, is run in multiple least squares regression with the dependent variables homicide rates per 100,00 also at the municipality level. I hypothesize that an increase in the marginalization index will lead to an …

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Exploring The Relationship Between Place Attachment And Attitudes Toward Tourism Development In Powell County, Lindsay Vance

Theses and Dissertations--Community & Leadership Development

This study explores the relationship between Powell County, Kentucky residents’ place attachment, and the perceived sociocultural, environmental, and financial benefits of the future Warrior’s Path development. A survey consisting primarily of five-point Likert scale questions was shared with several local organizations to distribute to their members. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Chi-square test of independence tests were used to discover any correlation between place attachment and perceived sociocultural, environmental, and financial benefits of tourism development. The Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r=.465) determined a moderate positive correlation between place attachment and perceived sociocultural benefits of the Warrior’s Path and tourism development. Of …

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Cultural Heritage And Storytelling: The Role Of Mythology And Folklore In Popular Fictional Novels, Katrina Powers

A with Honors Projects

"Better Too Much Than Not Enough": Women Of Color On The Federal Bench, Laura Moyer, Rorie Spill Solberg, Allison Harris

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

A Job-Demand Resource Theory And Psychological Flexibility Integrated Model Of Police Officer Burnout, Lucas David Baker

Dissertations and Theses

Narratives Of Positionality In Primatology: Foreign/Range–Country Collaborator Perspectives From Africa And South America, Michelle A. Rodrigues, Vicent Kiiza, Matthew R. Mclennan, Sérgio L. Mendes, Karen B. Strier

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Digital Partnerships: Nontraditional Learning Opportunities At The Freedman Center For Digital Scholarship, Amanda Koziura, R. Benjamin Gorham

Library Faculty Research

Psychological Functioning And Community Support In Adolescents Exposed To A School Shooting, Jessica Taylor Kelly

Dissertations and Theses

Breaking The Cycle Of Violence: Parenting As A Protective Factor, Melanie Berry

Selected Full-Text Master Theses 2021-

The Psychological Aspects Of Domestic Violence, Marshell Milton Wallace

Selected Full-Text Master Theses 2021-

A Narrative Study Describing The Transition From Residential Treatment As A Child: An Adult Perspective, Alison Marie Vogelsang

Dissertations and Theses

A Support Vector Machine Application For The Detection Of Pupillary Markers Of Cognitive Workload, Kouadio Marc-Antoine Audoin B Niamba

Dissertations and Theses

Pathways Forward For Onshore Wind Energy In The State Of Maryland: A Gis Multi-Criteria Analysis, George Pisano

Geography and the Environment: Graduate Student Capstones

Fiction And Empathy: Does Reading Support Socio-Emotional Development In Adolescents?, Katrina Powers

A with Honors Projects

Challenges To Career As A Source Of Meaning And Satisfaction Among Certified Athletic Trainers In The United States Of America, Nicole Marie Glasgow

Dissertations and Theses

Fines, Fees, Race, And Socioeconomic Disadvantage, Joshua D. Houy

Dissertations and Theses

Understanding How Different Personality Models Can Predict Non-Suicidal Self-Injurious Behaviors, Rachel Chavin

Dissertations and Theses

User Experience In The Visual Notifications On Smart Devices, Young Ae Kim

Dissertations and Theses

Externalizing Psychopathology In Individuals Who Have Criminally Offended: Factor Structure And Differential Outcome Associations, Robert Doss

Dissertations and Theses

A Model Of Childhood Maltreatment, Ptsd Symptoms, Reinforcement Sensitivity, And Alcohol Outcomes In Young Adults, Logan E. Welker

Dissertations and Theses

Affective Dependence, Self-Regulation, And Alcohol-Related Problems: Between- And Within-Person Associations, Kyle James Walters

Dissertations and Theses

Anti-Counterfeiting Warnings: Do They Influence Consumer Behavior And Perception Of Overt Indicators?, Elizabeth K. Sterling

Dissertations and Theses

An Experience Sampling Study Of Sleep Disturbance, Emotional Regulation And Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms In Predicting Alcohol Use Among Oif/Oef Veterans, Renata Jacqueline Surette

Dissertations and Theses

State Of The Parties 2022 (Ninth Edition), John C. Green, David B. Cohen, Kenneth M. Miller

The State of the Parties

Seeking Clarity In Murky Waters: Nuances Of Equity And Social Justice From A Teacher Perspective, Elaine J. Chan

Department of Teaching, Learning, and Teacher Education: Faculty Publications

A Human-Centered Approach To Improving Adolescent Online Sexual Risk Detection Algorithms, Afsaneh Razi

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Learning And Decision Making In Social Media Networks, Zhecheng Qiang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

Coaching Pre-Service Aba Students To Correctly Respond To Challenging Behaviors During A Functional Analysis, Gabrielle Lonnemann

Theses and Dissertations--Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education

A Role For Community-Level Socioeconomic Indicators In Targeting Tuberculosis Screening Interventions, Meredith B. Brooks, Helen E. Jenkins, Daniela Puma, Christine Tzelios, Ana Karina Millones, Judith Jimenez, Jerome T. Galea, Leonid Lecca, Mercedes C. Becerra, Salmaan Keshavjee, Courtney M. Yuen

Social Work Faculty Publications

Vcu Research Festival: From Ideas To Impact, The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute At Virginia Commonwealth University, Samsam Ali, Marlo Brown, Elizabeth Fredericksen-Trent, Catherine Ham, Carly Katz, Tiffany Murray-Robertson, John Quillin

The Grace E. Harris Leadership Institute Publications

How Can Economic And Social Marginalization Explain Mexico’S Drug War Violence? An Assessment Of The Role That Poverty And Social Marginalization Plays In Explaining Variations In Homicide Rates., Diego Flores

Pitzer Senior Theses

Exploring The Relationship Between Place Attachment And Attitudes Toward Tourism Development In Powell County, Lindsay Vance

Theses and Dissertations--Community & Leadership Development