Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Bent, But Not Broken: The Constitutional, Legal, And Procedural Issues In The 2020 Electoral College Vote Certification, Nicholas Kapoor

eJournal of Public Affairs

In 2016, Democrats protested in Trump-won states asking Electoral College members to vote their conscience and against their state’s popular vote. In 2020, President Trump supporters stormed the Capitol on January 6^th demanding that the certification of the Electoral College vote in favor of Joe Biden not move forward. Are the laws, court decisions, and the Constitution itself set up to cause such an uproar around a routine item? Was the 2020 iteration of counting the Electoral College votes an aberration, or is this the new normal? This essay will chronicle the Constitutional, legal, and procedural issues around the …

Promoting Critical Reasoning: Civic Engagement In An Era Of Divisive Politics And Civil Unrest, Kevin R. Meyer, Nathan J. Carpenter, Stephen K. Hunt

eJournal of Public Affairs

In this article, we advocate that civic engagement education must focus on antiracism, anti-extremism, and digital literacy in the wake of the attack on the Capitol in January. This critical turn is necessary to stability democracy, restore trust in institutions, and address the problems presented by the post-truth era.

The Temple Of Liberty As Fort Knox: The Securitization Of Democratic Space In The U.S. Capitol, Alisa J. Rosenthal, Lauren C. Bell

eJournal of Public Affairs

In response to security threats in the late 1990s and early 2000s, the U.S. Capitol was made less accessible to the public through a series of security upgrades, including an expansion of the Capitol Police force, new visitor registration programs, and the construction and implementation of physical barriers in and around the Capitol building itself. However, increased safety for members and staff has had consequences for the important symbolic representation that the Capitol building itself provides. As Parkinson (2009, 10) notes: “Capital cities are, by design, by usage or both, symbols of national institutions, values, myths, and norms – they …

Democratic Isolation, Thin Citizenship, And Insurrection: A Theory, Kevin G. Lorentz Ii, Kimberly Saks Mcmanaway

eJournal of Public Affairs

Citizens are deeply cynical of the actual institutions and exercising of representative democracy, resulting in increased isolation and extremism rather than nuanced public debate and democratic involvement. Three interrelated background conditions led to this inevitable point: the erasure of political citizenship by neoliberalism, the ability of technology (especially social media) to provide perfect filtering, and the resulting fragmenting of civic experience. In this paper we outline a theory of democratic isolation that was exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, exploited by populist politicians, and ultimately led to the January 6 insurrection.

Book Review Of Operation Chaos: The Trump Coup Attempt And The Campaign To Erode Democracy, Angelina Clapp

eJournal of Public Affairs

In Operation Chaos: The Trump Coup Attempt and the Campaign to Erode Democracy, Kevin James Shay tells the story of the January 6, 2021, insurrection on the United States Capitol. The book begins by describing certain events of the day, and takes readers down a path of political violence, dirty tricks, and political schemes aimed at keeping President Donald J. Trump in power. The story covers previous coup attempts, ways that President Trump began his plot years before January 6th and describes how leaders can escape justice and accountability.

Book Review: Carol Leonnig And Philip Rucker 2021. I Alone Can Fix It: Donald J. Trump’S Catastrophic Final Year, Kenneth W. Moffett

eJournal of Public Affairs

This is a book review of Carol Leonnig and Philip Rucker's recently released book, I Alone can Fix It: Donald J. Trump’s Catastrophic Final Year.

Vaccine Hesitancy And The Apocalypse, David M. Claborn

eJournal of Public Affairs

Some forms of vaccine hesitancy may have roots in religious beliefs about future apocalyptic events. Such beliefs engender fear of centralized governmental authority as manifest in public health mandates involving vaccines or masks. The author’s upbringing as a religious survivalist provides perspective on why some people display vaccine hesitancy. Several ways to address these fears are discussed.

The Commonwealth Takes An Important Step In Protecting Our Democracy, Ashish Vaidya

eJournal of Public Affairs

Northern Kentucky University’s President Ashish Vaidya wrote an article celebrating Kentucky’s new bipartisan voting rights bill. Signed into law in April, the legislation is contrary to what we are seeing in other states and expands voting options in Kentucky. As an immigrant to the U.S. from India, President Vaidya has a unique perspective on democracy in America, and he is very passionate about higher education’s role to inform its students on their responsibility.

Gender Inequalities In Polish And International Sports Organisations, Zbigniew Dziubinski, Natalia Organista

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this article is to check whether gender inequalities occur in Polish sports organisations and what the scale of those inequalities is in comparison to international organisations. Other aims relate to verification whether there exists a policy to align these inequalities: provisions prohibiting discrimination due to gender, rules and regulations providing women with a specified number of seats in the crucial positions of the organisation and activity of women’s sports committees. Material/Methods: The study used methods characteristic of sociology, especially methods of examining official documents: on the one hand, information generated by other empirical data from official …

Methods To Encourage Healthy Eating In Children: Review Of Current Findings, Reda Moceviciene, Apolinaras Zaborskis

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Healthy eating, especially fruit and vegetable consumption, is a major contributor to the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases. The multiple benefits of healthy food and nutrition in childhood and adolescence reinforce the need for studies encouraging young people to healthy nutrition. The present review increases understanding of what methods (interventions) should be performed to encourage healthy eating in children and adolescents. Material/Methods: A scientific literature review of Medline (Pubmed) database was performed, a total of 615 publications were found. Of these, only 15 papers were selected for the analysis. Results: The multi-component interventions (encouraging of fruit and vegetable consumption …

Acute Effects Of Light Exercise On Subjectively Experienced Well-Being: Benefits In Only Three Minutes, Attila Szabo, Zoltan Gaspar, Julia Abraham

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: In the context of sedentary lifestyle as a major contemporary health issue, this study examined how an ultra brief exercise bout affects perceived subjective well-being. Material/Methods: Two studies were conducted. In the first study, young participants performed light exercises for 3-minutes. The second study replicated the first, but a sitting-quietly control group was also included to account for possible habituation or order effects. On a single item 10-point Likert scale, conceptualized as core affect, participants rated their well-being immediately before and after the exercise bouts and rest, respectively. Results: In both studies the exercise triggered statistically significant (p < .001) improvement in the perceived well-being (effect sizes (d) = .62 in Study I, and d = .75 in Study II), while no statistically significant change was noted in the control group. Conclusions: These findings are the first ever in the scholastic literature to demonstrate that only 3 minutes of light exercises could trigger subjective experience of improved well-being. The practical implication of these findings is that an instant boost in subjective feeling states can be achieved through very short, light, and undemanding exercises that could be repeated several times a day in different life settings.

Factors Affecting Recreational Activity Of Young People From Secondary Schools, Agnieszka Wartecka-Wazynska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The paper discusses factors which determine young people’s recreational activity in their leisure time. Learning about the factors of recreational activity will support efficient promotion of active lifestyles, improvement in health condition and education of young people, and participation in different forms of recreation. Material/Methods: In order to conclude on the statistical significance of the relationships and the strength of correlation between the variables, the author used Pearson's chi-square test for independence and Cramer's V coefficient. The research hypothesis was tested at two levels: α = 0.01 (denoted in the paper as **) and α = 0.05 (denoted in …

Characteristics Of Technical-Tactical Preparation Of Russian Men’S Judo Representation During The Olympic Games In London In 2012, Marek Adam, Beata Wolska, Piotr Klimowicz, Miroslaw Smaruj

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of the study was to determine the value of indices of tactical and technical preparation (PTT) of Russian judo athletes during the Olympic Games in London. The values of these indices may designate the direction of activity in the process of special preparation and in the search for factors to optimize training before the main competitions. Material/Methods: During the Olympic Games in London in 2012, Russian judo representatives fought 31 fights. A multiple analysis of video footage and graphic registration allowed marking 423 technical attacks (including 24 efficient attacks) of the representatives of Russia and 384 attacks …

Plantar Pressure Distribution In Ice Skates While Gliding And Standing Compared To Barefoot And Trainer Conditions, Andrew Greenhalgh, Faye Chatterly, Cheryl Blewitt, Jonathan Sinclair, Nachiappan Chockalingam

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The aim of this study was to identify whether there are differences between plantar pressure distributions experienced whilst wearing ice skates during ice-gliding, compared to standing whilst barefoot, wearing trainers and wearing ice skates. The results of this study aim to provide a greater understanding of the distribution of the pressure through the ice skate to the human musculoskeletal system. Material/Methods: Nine female participants were recruited for this study (age 36.6 years ± 15.3, mass 63.7kg ± 7.4 height 1.63m ± 4.1). Pressure applied to the plantar surface of the feet was recorded at 50Hz using an F-Scan sensor. …

Blood K+ Concentration Balance After Prolonged Submaximal Exercise – The Role Of Both Uptake And Excretion Processes, Anna Szczesna-Kaczmarek

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: A contracting muscle is a source of the plasma K+ concentration increase during physical exercise. The flux of K+ from contracting skeletal muscle to blood is related to the frequency of cells action potential. The elevated blood [K+] may result in the heart rate irregularities and interferes with the way nerves send signals. But plasma increased [K+] recovers rapidly to normal if a regulating mechanism takes action. The aim of this study was to evaluate the participation of processes restoring the balance in blood [K+] after prolonged submaximal exercise. Material/Methods: Nineteen healthy, young, physically active men performed the 120-min …

Developing A Dental Trauma-Anxiety Measure Comparing U.S. And International Care, Margaret Tajirian

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Background

The aim of this study was to improve upon the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS) by developing the empathy-based International-Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (I-MDAS). This measure was produced and utilized to compare the dental experiences and anxiety levels of international patients versus national patients in the United States.

Methods

The I-MDAS is composed of the International scale and the original MDAS scale. Of 465 participants, 41.3% comprised the national population and 58.7% comprised the international population. Information about demographics, past negative dental experiences, and current dental anxiety was collected.

Results

There was no significant difference in dental anxiety levels …

The Effect Of Viewing Appearance-Based And Self-Compassion Social Media Content On Body Image, Emma J. Sullivan, Jennifer A. Harriger Phd, Janet P. Trammell Phd

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

The present study investigated the impact of viewing appearance-focused body-positive content versus non-appearance focused self-compassion content on a person’s self-image. Previous studies have demonstrated that viewing body-positive content improves body self-esteem. Additionally, self-compassion content may be a protective factor against body dissatisfaction. Although body-positive content is associated with increased body self-esteem, some question remains whether the continued focus on appearance is an effective strategy. Therefore, the purpose of the current study is to examine whether non-appearance based content provides benefits above and beyond those provided by body positivity. It was hypothesized that those who viewed non-appearance based content would report …

How The Family And Medical Leave Act Does Not Serve Women Of Color, Anahi Casas Perez

Seaver College Research And Scholarly Achievement Symposium

Presentation Type

Poster Presentation

Keywords

Woman of Color, single mother of color, Family and Medical Leave Act

Department

Social Work/ Sociology

Major

Music with an Emphasis in Voice

Abstract

The Family and Medical Leave, FMLA, was enacted into Federal law in 1993 under the Bill Clinton Administration to enable employees to take unpaid time off to tend to a medical or familial event that makes attendance at work impossible. Specifically, FMLA was created to

“to balance the demands of the workplace with the needs of families, to promote the stability, economic security of families, and promote national interests in preserving …

The Role Of Emotional Overcontrol In Acceptance Of Counselor Training Feedback, R. Erin W. Berzins, Andrew Wood, Colin C. Ward, Ned Farley

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Effective feedback is a critical component of counselor training. The degree to which a recipient is able or willing to accept feedback can impact learning and skill development significantly. Recognizing individual trait differences can help the field of counseling understand feedback receptivity in counseling students. This study examined the possible relationship between feedback receptivity and the individual trait of emotional overcontrol. Results indicate that overcontrol accounted for variance in scores on a measure of feedback receptivity in a sample of counseling students, suggesting that individual trait differences meaningfully affect feedback receptivity.

Cultural Humility: Lessons Learned Through A Counseling Cultural Immersion, Katie Atkins, Sonya Lorelle

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

Counselor educators are called to promote the development of cultural competence in counselors-in-training (CITs). The challenge of this process is in assessing competence as well as knowing andragogical strategies to facilitate this development. Cultural humility, in comparison, is a process-based framework that requires life-long self-reflection and open-minded stance towards others. Providing cultural immersion opportunities for CITs could be a teaching method to promote deeper cultural humility. This qualitative study examined the perceived impact of a cultural immersion experience on CITs and their cultural competence. Training implications for counselor educators and supervisors are also provided.

Modeled Wellness: How Perceived Supervisor Wellness Explains Supervisee Personal Wellness, Kevin A. Doyle, Laura Welfare

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

In this quantitative investigation of 105 counselors-in-training, we analyzed how their perceptions of supervisor wellness are related to their own levels of wellness. The supervisee’s perception of their site supervisor’s level of wellness did explain the personal wellness of the counselor-in-training and the strength of the supervisory relationship acted as a suppressor variable in the expanded regression model. Implications for counselor educators and supervisors include the importance of adopting positive wellness attitudes and behaviors. Counselors-in-training appear to notice, for good and for bad, their supervisors’ levels of wellness. Adopting positive wellness attitudes and behaviors allows supervisors to model positive approaches.

Trauma-Informed Child Client Advocacy (Ticca) Plan: Conceptualization And Case Study, Aubrey D. Daniels

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC; Ratts et al., 2016) and the American Counseling Association (ACA) Advocacy Competencies (Lewis et al., 2003; Ratts et al., 2010; Toporek & Daniels, 2018) formalized the advocacy process for counselors. Nevertheless, the literature focused on the advocacy competencies does not provide child client advocacy examples or a concise plan for advocacy efforts for clinical mental health counselors to follow with children. To bridge this gap, this article is in place to describe a new advocacy plan, Trauma-Informed Child Client Advocacy (TICCA), followed by a case study providing context for how this plan …

Promoting Well-Being From The Start: Implementation Of A Wellness Curriculum, Nayoung Kim, Jayna Mumbauer-Pisano

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

The 2016 Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs standards (F.1.k.) and the 2014 American Counseling Association (ACA) Code of Ethics (C.2.g.) stipulate that counselor wellness and self-care be prioritized throughout counselor education programs. However, there is little evidence to suggest counselors’-in-training (CIT) wellness increases during a counseling program. The Introduction to Counseling Wellness Curriculum (ICWC) was developed to assist in meeting these standards and promote wellness from the onset of a counseling program. This eight-week long curriculum presents content to cover different dimensions of wellness and specific activities to implement self-care practices. The skills obtained through the …

Burnout, Self-Care, And Supervision In Middle School Counselors, Sarah L. Evans Zalewski

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study examines middle school counselor supervision types in relation to burnout and self-care scores. The impact of supervision via technology on self-care and burnout scores was considered. This study found that school counselors who received both administrative and clinical supervision fared better on the incompetence domain of burnout, that self-care was inversely proportional to burnout, and that receiving supervision via technological means had no impact on either burnout or self-care.

Assessing The Self-Perceived Research Proficiency Among Doctoral Counseling Students, Yudan C. Wang, Tae-Hee Kim, Michael Brooks

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

This study provided a preliminary assessment of the adequacy of methodological training in a counselor education program. Twenty-four current and former doctoral students reported on their experiences with research training and self-perceived research proficiency via an online survey, and three students provided additional insight in individual interviews. We also analyzed the contents of the syllabi of the five methods courses offered in the program. Overall, students perceived a lack of proficiency in quantitative methods and a lack of opportunities to apply research skills in actual projects, even though the program offered a comprehensive sequence of methodological courses. We discussed the …

Race Matters: Managing Racial Tension When Teaching Multicultural Competence, Tiffany P. Brooks, Korinne H. Babel

Journal of Counselor Preparation and Supervision

In this article, the authors suggest using the Mindful Inquiry (Lee, 2009, 2014) to navigate cultural conversations in the counselor education classroom in tandem with the Multicultural and Social Justice Counseling Competencies (MSJCC; Ratts et al., 2015). The authors highlight the literature about racial tension in and outside the classroom, multicultural counseling and social justice, mindfulness and multiculturalism, and teaching multicultural competence. This article concludes with a case example highlighting how to use the Mindful Inquiry (Lee, 2009, 2014) in the classroom while demonstrating how counselors-in-training develop across the MSJCC (Ratts et al., 2015).

Setting The Scene For Community-Based Learning: Creative Writing As A Platform For Inquiry And Integrative Learning, Adam Watkins

Journal of Creative Writing Studies

Creative writing pedagogy has received a surge of critical interest of late, though much remains to be said about its capacity to support trans-disciplinary learning outcomes, such as those related to community-based learning. Through an assessment of a place-based course focused on community-based learning, this article provides evidence that creative writing assignments can be an effective learning tool for cultivating community engagement and intercultural competencies. The educational value of creative writing, this study shows, has much to do with its unique mode of inquiry, which is well suited for integrating diverse perspectives, multi-modal research, and multiple ways of knowing.

Questionnaire Of Sports Ethics – A Tool For Assessing Moral Behaviour In Sport, Artur Ziolkowski, Anna Strzalkowska, Wojciech Saklak, Barbara Zaranska, Iwona Bonislawska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The concept of ethical codes describes and explains morality of modern sportspersons. Authors of the article constructed a tool for assessing methods of moral behaviour in sport on the basis of the concept of ethical codes. The aim of this work is to present a tool for assessing a profile of moral behaviour of people involved in sport (both competitors, coaches and sports activists). Material/Methods: The Questionnaire of Sports Ethics consists of 52 statements which are classified into 5 scales that correspond to specific ethical codes. Respondents assess to what extent a form of behaviour described in the questionnaire …

Mass Media And Professional Sport, Zbigniew Dziubinski, Krzysztof W. Jankowski, Michal Lenartowicz, Julia Murrmann, Piotr Rymarczyk

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

The goal of this paper is to show the relationship between the mass media and professional sport, with special focus on both the positive and negative impact the mass media might have on the development of sport, complete with changes which the mass media trigger in sport as such. In order to do so, the paper employs a range of theories, including the structural-functional theory, symbolic interactionism and, to a certain extent, the theory of social conflict. Several research methods have been used as well, including the inductive and deductive methods, the idiographic and nomothetic methods and an analysis of …

The Assessment Of The Quality Of Health Related Websites By Students Of Physical Education And Physiotherapy Using The Discern Instrument, Ida Laudanska-Krzeminska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The purpose of the article is to characterise the assessment of the Internet sites by physical education and physiotherapy students using the DISCERN questionnaire. An attempt has also been made to indicate the determinants of the overall final assessment of individual health-related Internet sites from 2005 to 2009. Material/Methods: The survey was carried out in 2005 and 2009 among 376 physical education and physiotherapy students at the University School of Physical Education in Poznan. The students assessed five Polish health-related websites. They used the DISCERN questionnaire to rate the quality of health information and filled in the ME & …