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Articles 71041 - 71070 of 658594

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Heaven? Is It Worth It?: The Effect Of Belief On Religious Participation And Signaling, Claudia R. Chin Jan 2023

Heaven? Is It Worth It?: The Effect Of Belief On Religious Participation And Signaling, Claudia R. Chin

Scripps Senior Theses

Religion has long been a subject that baffles economists because of its seemingly inefficient requirements. It is hard to get one's mind around why an individual would be willing to give up secular commodities for religion, or face the strict entry costs and stigma society associates with the religion. Although many reasons have been suggested, the most widely accepted solution to why we engage in these behaviors is Religious Signaling Theory (RST). RST argues that people engage in these ineffective costs as a way to signal their commitment to the religion, and religions were utilized by society to enforce these …

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Interpersonal Emotions As Emergent Phenomena: Social Neuroscience Beyond Western Cultural Constructions, Kaitlyn Penchina Jan 2023

Interpersonal Emotions As Emergent Phenomena: Social Neuroscience Beyond Western Cultural Constructions, Kaitlyn Penchina

Scripps Senior Theses

Because science as it exists today is a cultural construction of the West, studies of neuroscience have often been limited by Western perspectives. In particular, the Western proclivity towards individualism has led to a field of neuroscience which has historically focused on studying single individuals, as opposed to social or collective neuroscience. For the most part, it has just been assumed that collective phenomena such as interpersonal emotions must be able to be reduced in terms of individual phenomena such as individual emotions. However, closer review reveals that interpersonal emotions have emergent properties that individual emotions alone do not account …

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The Economic Reintegration Of Former Child Soldiers In Northern Uganda, Capri Gutiérrez Jan 2023

The Economic Reintegration Of Former Child Soldiers In Northern Uganda, Capri Gutiérrez

Honors Program Theses

During the Northern Ugandan War, the Lord’s Resistance Army kidnapped and recruited 30,000 children and forced them to become soldiers. Nearly twenty years since the end of the war, former child soldiers continue to experience extreme poverty, psychological distress, and social isolation. For many, the economic hardship they face, due to stigma and missing out on school, is their greatest challenge upon returning home. This paper analyzes the strategies used by the government and non-state actors to reintegrate former child soldiers back into the Ugandan economy. These strategies are then compared to best practices in the field using secondary research …

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The Role Of Porn Literacy In Comprehensive Sex Education To Reduce Endorsements Of Gendered Sexual Violence And Support Healthy Adolescent Development, Kiana Harnish Jan 2023

The Role Of Porn Literacy In Comprehensive Sex Education To Reduce Endorsements Of Gendered Sexual Violence And Support Healthy Adolescent Development, Kiana Harnish

Scripps Senior Theses

Due to stigmatization of sex and insufficient sexual education, modern-day adolescents rely on free online pornography as a source of education about sex and relationships. This thesis provides a review of the connections between adolescent porn use and the socialization of sexual violence (SV) and coercion against women, comprehensive sex education (CSE) and healthy adolescent sexual development, and porn literacy (PL) and sexual attitude or behavior changes. Porn literacy aims to equip adolescents with tools to critically analyze sexualied media and messages, to empower them to make informed decisions to engage or disengage with porn and their sexuality in a …

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Treasure Island: Gold Dust Or Radioactive Soil?, Ari Daniels Jan 2023

Treasure Island: Gold Dust Or Radioactive Soil?, Ari Daniels

Scripps Senior Theses

Former Naval Station Treasure Island in the San Francisco Bay is undergoing an expensive redevelopment process to be turned into a sustainable living community. However, the area has a long history of mishandled radioactive material, irresponsible behavior on behalf of authorities, environmental instability, lawsuits, and administrative complaints. This research project focuses on Treasure Island’s history and redevelopment plan, utilizing San Francisco government documents, local newspapers, literature on environmental justice and racism, and state legislation to draw conclusions on the efficacy of the project from a sustainability standpoint and the responsibilities of the planners and developers. After providing a historical overview …

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All The Internet's A Stage: The Performance Of Authenticity By Instagram Wellness Influencers, Katherine Eu Jan 2023

All The Internet's A Stage: The Performance Of Authenticity By Instagram Wellness Influencers, Katherine Eu

Scripps Senior Theses

This paper conducted semi-structured in-depth interviews with seven influencers to examine the techniques they use to promote authenticity in content creation. The analysis identified two main techniques: (1) creating content in batches during designated “content days” and (2) incorporating mental health into their online persona. It is important to note that because sharing vulnerable information is a deliberate part of an influencer's strategy, personal mental health content should not be regarded as more authentic than other content. Additionally, the study briefly explores how a lack of boundaries can lead to ambiguity between personal identity and one’s online persona. Further research …

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Fossil Fuels In Disguise: Environmental Issues With Carbon Capture Storage In The Central Valley, Medha Gelli Jan 2023

Fossil Fuels In Disguise: Environmental Issues With Carbon Capture Storage In The Central Valley, Medha Gelli

Scripps Senior Theses

The California Air Resources Board’s 2022 Scoping Plan supports the development of Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) facilities in order to meet California’s climate goals. Most of the proposed fourteen sites will be located in the Central Valley. CCS may help achieve negative emissions but poses several environmental problems. Key among these issues are water depletion and contamination, excessive energy usage, air pollution, and the potential for CCS-induced seismic risk. Due to the Central Valley’s disadvantaged and less-resourced background, this area is more at risk for environmental injustices with CCS implementation. By creating Geographic Information Systems (GIS) maps of factors related …

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The United States’ Stringent Sovereignty: How Foreign Policy Framing Prioritizes Security Over Human Rights, Kathryn Parker Jan 2023

The United States’ Stringent Sovereignty: How Foreign Policy Framing Prioritizes Security Over Human Rights, Kathryn Parker

Scripps Senior Theses

American policymakers utilize valence framing, purposeful descriptions of outcomes as positive or negative, to influence the opinions of voters while maintaining the moral superiority felt by many citizens in the liberal Western hegemon. This study intended to combine the political theories of Constructivism and Realism to form Constructive Realism, a theory that emphasizes the significance of state power and norms as joint influences on constituents. Constructive realism was then applied to four case studies – the UN Security Council, International Criminal Court, Convention on the Rights of the Child, and Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination Against Women. This study …

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Mental Health Stigma In South Asians With Crohn’S Disease, Bansi Patel Jan 2023

Mental Health Stigma In South Asians With Crohn’S Disease, Bansi Patel

Scripps Senior Theses

Chronically ill individuals often face comorbid mental illnesses. Mental illness symptoms can cause their chronic illness symptoms to worsen; the converse is also true. Such is the case with Crohn’s disease (CD) patients. The present literature lacks research on the relationship between CD and mental illness symptoms. Additionally, the literature lacks chronically ill participants who are South Asian Americans (SAA). SAA often face more mental health stigma than their white peers which can worsen one’s mental illness symptoms. This study examines the impact that mental health symptoms have on the psychological distress faced by SAA who are diagnosed with CD. …

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Ableism In Education: Professor Perpetuation Of Disability Discrimination Through Accommodation Non-Compliance, Kasey Bumgardner Jan 2023

Ableism In Education: Professor Perpetuation Of Disability Discrimination Through Accommodation Non-Compliance, Kasey Bumgardner

Scripps Senior Theses

This proposed study aims to explore factors that may decrease professor compliance with their disabled students’ documented academic accommodations, including pre-existing ableist beliefs held by professors, race of the disabled student, and visibility of the student’s disability. Participants will consist of undergraduate professors from colleges and universities across the United States, varying in size and geographical location. Participants will complete scales to assess their ableist beliefs, and will be asked to report their likelihood of complying with, or fully meeting, various disabled students’ documented accommodations. It is expected that results will reveal that professors who hold more ableist beliefs tend …

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Efficacy Of Adapted Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program In Treating Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Kate Whipple Jan 2023

Efficacy Of Adapted Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program In Treating Patients With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury, Kate Whipple

Scripps Senior Theses

Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) has been applied in many contexts, and has been found to be a helpful therapeutic intervention for people dealing with both mental and physical struggles. In recent years, studies exploring the effects of using MBSR in the neurorehabilitation people with traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) have emerged. However, these studies are primarily pilot studies with very few participants. This proposed study will explore whether an adapted version of the MBSR program is effective in reducing apathy and improving motivation to recover in participants with mild TBIs (mTBIs). The proposed study will have 76 participants and will uses …

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Why Have There Been No Rich Women Artists? Examining The Gender Price Discount In The Contemporary Auction Market For Early Twentieth Century Mexican Avant-Garde Art, Lucy P. Bloomstran Jan 2023

Why Have There Been No Rich Women Artists? Examining The Gender Price Discount In The Contemporary Auction Market For Early Twentieth Century Mexican Avant-Garde Art, Lucy P. Bloomstran

Scripps Senior Theses

This paper examines the gender price discount for early twentieth-century Mexican avant-garde art in the contemporary auction market. A premium for art by men is established through the econometric analysis of a dataset of auction transactions taking place at major American and Mexican auction houses between 2000 and 2022. After this price discount for women’s art is established, a deep delve into gender discrimination in the creation and exhibition of Mexican Muralism and Surrealism is presented to provide possible art historical explanations for the results of the regression analysis.

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An Investigation On Wage Penalties: The Effect Of Foreign-Born Status On Employee Wages, Salaries, And Incomes In The United States And Canada, Lucy C. Dustman Jan 2023

An Investigation On Wage Penalties: The Effect Of Foreign-Born Status On Employee Wages, Salaries, And Incomes In The United States And Canada, Lucy C. Dustman

Scripps Senior Theses

This paper investigates whether there is a wage penalty that negatively affects foreign-born employees in the United States and Canada, addressing the following two questions: (1) Does being a foreign-born employee result in a wage penalty in the United States and Canada? And if so, (2) How does this penalty differ across the two countries over time? With data collected from the Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMs), four separate multiple linear regression models are estimated to compare the presence of wage penalties across various industries and occupations. These analyses cover the following comparisons: the United States in 1990 and …

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Drama Therapy As An Intervention For Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Potential Benefits For Youth And Adulthood, Ella S. De Castro Jan 2023

Drama Therapy As An Intervention For Autism Spectrum Disorder: The Potential Benefits For Youth And Adulthood, Ella S. De Castro

Scripps Senior Theses

There are many interventions commonly used for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, one that has not been researched as often is drama therapy. Though there are not many studies on drama therapy and ASD, the ones that do exist seem to indicate positive results. The goal of this proposed study is to assess whether drama therapy could be a good intervention for ASD and if it could potentially be a better option compared to applied behavioral analysis (ABA). The proposed study is broken into two smaller studies. The first study explores the potential benefits of drama therapy for …

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Brrr! It’S Cold In The Fridge: The Treatment Of Women In The Marvel Cinematic Universe, Madison Green Jan 2023

Brrr! It’S Cold In The Fridge: The Treatment Of Women In The Marvel Cinematic Universe, Madison Green

Honors Program Theses

Female characters depicted within the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) have faced unequal treatment and significant erasure since the origin of the franchise. As the series gained popularity and cultural discussions of representation grew, the MCU has since introduced more female characters. This then prompts concerns regarding the quality of that representation and how those female characters are treated within the franchise, and if that treatment has changed over time. Six films were selected from across the four first phases of the MCU for content analysis and data was compiled into two tables to quantifiably measure the depowerment aspect of fridging, …

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Performance-Based Evaluation Of Cmip5 And Cmip6 Global Climate Models And Their Multi-Model Ensembles To Simulate And Project Seasonal And Annual Climate Variables In The Chungcheong Region Of South Korea, Bashir Adelodun, Mirza Junaid Ahmad, Golden Odey, Qudus Adeyi, Kyung Sook Choi Jan 2023

Performance-Based Evaluation Of Cmip5 And Cmip6 Global Climate Models And Their Multi-Model Ensembles To Simulate And Project Seasonal And Annual Climate Variables In The Chungcheong Region Of South Korea, Bashir Adelodun, Mirza Junaid Ahmad, Golden Odey, Qudus Adeyi, Kyung Sook Choi

Arusha Climate and Environmental Research Centre

Extreme climate change events are major causes of devastating impacts on socioeconomic well-being and ecosystem damage. Therefore, understanding the performance of appropriate climate models representing local climate characteristics is critical for future projections. Thus, this study analyses the performance of 24 GCMs from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phases 5 and 6 (CMIP5 and 6) and their multi-model ensembles in simulating climate variables including average rainfall, maximum (Tmax), and minimum (Tmin) temperatures at annual and seasonal scales over the Chungcheong region of South Korea from 1975 to 2015. A trend analysis was conducted to estimate the future trends in climate …

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Towards Smart Cities As Innovation Systems: The Case Of Macau Sar, Yujia He Jan 2023

Towards Smart Cities As Innovation Systems: The Case Of Macau Sar, Yujia He

Patterson School of Diplomacy and International Commerce Faculty Publications

Smart cities are emerging as major engines for deploying intelligent systems to enhance urban development and contribute to the UN 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. The rise of smart city initiatives is not only seen in North America and Europe but also increasingly in Asia and across the developing world which faces rapid urbanization and technological change. Home to the UNU Institute in Macau, the city of Macau is a special administrative region (SAR) of China where “the East meets the West” in local governance, economy, and society. Our research article, recently published in the Journal of Urban Affairs, …

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The Weightless State: Powerpoint And The Everyday Work Of Making Senegal Matter, Caroline Melly Jan 2023

The Weightless State: Powerpoint And The Everyday Work Of Making Senegal Matter, Caroline Melly

Anthropology: Faculty Publications

Executives at APIX, Senegal’s state investment-promotion agency, cast their office as the vanguard of a new kind of state formation, one remade through decades of austerity and resolutely focused on the nation’s future. They imagined PowerPoint as especially critical to this mission, as it had the potential to move the state beyond the confines of paper form and parochial bureaucratic routine and into the wider world. In this article, I explore the complex relationship between this state agency and this presentation software package. More specifically, I examine how preoccupations with weight shape state work and technological practice. By attending to …

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Students’ Attitudes Towards Family-Work Benefits When Professors Act As A Third Party Influence, Crystal Dawn Snyder Jan 2023

Students’ Attitudes Towards Family-Work Benefits When Professors Act As A Third Party Influence, Crystal Dawn Snyder

Master’s Theses

Family-work benefits may help to promote a work-life balance, however attitudes towards work-family benefits may not always be positive. The current study examined if professors can act as a third party to influence students’ attitudes towards choosing companies that offer family-work benefits. The current study hypothesized that participant egalitarianism attitudes would predict internship selection and would be moderated by gender (hypothesis 1), family-work benefits attitudes would predict internship selection and would be moderated by gender (hypothesis 2), participants in the experimental condition would be more likely to select an internship with a company that provided family-work benefits (hypothesis 3), and …

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Effects Of Social Context On Salivary Cortisol And Attention In Tufted Capuchins (Cebus [Sapajus] Apella), Andrew Desana Jan 2023

Effects Of Social Context On Salivary Cortisol And Attention In Tufted Capuchins (Cebus [Sapajus] Apella), Andrew Desana

Master’s Theses

Social context alters cognitive performance, but the mechanisms for this remain unclear. One possibility is that stressors associated with social contexts mediate changes in cognitive performance by influencing attention. We conducted two experiments to investigate how social context affects performance on an attention task in capuchin monkeys (Cebus [Sapajus] apella). We additionally validated and measured physiological stress through salivary cortisol. In experiment one, capuchins were exposed to three conditions where they were either isolated or paired with an affiliative or agonistic social partner separated by a barrier. In experiment two, subjects received affiliative and agonistic conditions without barriers to allow …

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Campus Sexual Violence In The Time Of Covid-L9, Hannah Holt Jan 2023

Campus Sexual Violence In The Time Of Covid-L9, Hannah Holt

Master’s Theses

Campus sexual assault (CSA) was likely on the rise in the United States (Koss et al., 2022) even prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, during which there was a global increase in violence against women. The present study is a needed addition to the limited rigorous scientific studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on campus sexual assault (CSA). A mixed-methods, ecological, and critical feminist approach was used to investigate CSA during the mitigation period. The present study specifically utilized the Sexual Experiences Survey (Koss et al., 2007) to assess changes in frequency of victimization within two representative samples of …

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Genetic Substrates Of The Initial Subjective Rewarding Effects Of Alcohol In Mice, Holly Jones Jan 2023

Genetic Substrates Of The Initial Subjective Rewarding Effects Of Alcohol In Mice, Holly Jones

Master’s Theses

Susceptibility to alcohol use disorders (AUDs) arises from a complex interplay of genetics and environmental experiences. While the initial subjective response predicts susceptibility to AUD, genetic variation is responsible for about 50% of an individual's risk. This study used a single-exposure conditioned place preference paradigm (SE-CPP) to identify phenotypic and genetic correlates of the initial subjective rewarding effects of alcohol (EtOH) in diversity outbred (DO) mice. We assessed the relationship between SE-CPP and anxiety-like behaviors using a marble burying test and light-dark box test. Ninety-six male and female diversity outbred mice were tested in a Marble Burying test at 7-8 …

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Bibliography, Gayle Mallinger Jan 2023

Bibliography, Gayle Mallinger

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Bibliography of publications by Gayle Mallinger.

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Bibliography, Christy L. Spurlock Jan 2023

Bibliography, Christy L. Spurlock

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Bibliography of publications by Christy Spurlock.

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Bibliography, Dorothea Browder Jan 2023

Bibliography, Dorothea Browder

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Bibliography of publications by Dorothea Browder.

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Enhancing Resilience In Classrooms, Elizabeth Doll, Samuel Y. Song Jan 2023

Enhancing Resilience In Classrooms, Elizabeth Doll, Samuel Y. Song

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Schools have historically been the great equalizer in American communities—the “ticket out” for youth struggling to overcome adversity and pov­erty (Pianta & Walsh, 1998). For children who immigrated to the United States at the turn of the twentieth century schools were safe havens where they learned English received public health services and became literate and employable (Fagan, 2000; Goldstein, 2014). As each wave of homesteaders moved west across the country schools popped up alongside the newly broken sod. Universal access to public education is a defining feature of the North American society and schools are fertile settings for promoting youth’s …

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Rates And Correlates Of Intimate Partner Abuse Among Indigenous Women Caregivers, Katie Edwards, Emily A. Waterman, Natira Mullet, Ramona Herrington, Skyler Hopfauf, Preciouse Trujillo, Naomi Even-Aberle, Lorey Wheeler, Sloane Cornelius, Arielle R. Deutsch Jan 2023

Rates And Correlates Of Intimate Partner Abuse Among Indigenous Women Caregivers, Katie Edwards, Emily A. Waterman, Natira Mullet, Ramona Herrington, Skyler Hopfauf, Preciouse Trujillo, Naomi Even-Aberle, Lorey Wheeler, Sloane Cornelius, Arielle R. Deutsch

Department of Educational Psychology: Faculty Publications

Intimate partner abuse (IPA) is a public health crisis that disproportionately impacts indigenous women. We know little about rates and correlates of IPA victimization (IPAV) and abuse directed at one’s partner (ADP) among indigenous women caregivers (people who take care of children). The purpose of the current study was to address this critical gap in the literature. Participants were 44 indigenous women caregivers in the United States in a current relationship who completed a survey. Most women reported IPAV and ADP experiences in the past 6 months, and IPAV and ADP abuse directed at partner were positively associated. Further, IPAV …

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Stress Levels Of Bisexual Individuals In Mixed-Orientation Relationships, Amanda Bartley Jan 2023

Stress Levels Of Bisexual Individuals In Mixed-Orientation Relationships, Amanda Bartley

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

Binegativity, the negative perceptions, assumptions, and discrimination experienced by bisexual individuals, is associated with adverse health outcomes including higher rates of mood and anxiety disorders. There is a growing body of research on bisexuality, but there remains little research investigating the risk and protective factors, and the mental health outcomes of bisexual individuals in mixed-orientation relationships. The current study aimed to fill the gaps of the extant research, investigating if social support, outness of bisexual identity, satisfaction with communication between partners, and centrality of group membership and ingroup ties to the LBGT community moderate the relationship between experiences of negativity …

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Electronic Resources Updates - 2022 Q4, Melanie Mcgurr, Gregg Harris Jan 2023

Electronic Resources Updates - 2022 Q4, Melanie Mcgurr, Gregg Harris

Electronic Resources Quarterly Updates

No abstract provided.

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Badges And Blush: Gender Expression In Policework, Aubrey Powell Jan 2023

Badges And Blush: Gender Expression In Policework, Aubrey Powell

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Gender roles are a social construct ingrained in American culture. Stemming from this problem is the femininity versus competency bind. This means that women in the workplace are seen as either feminine or competent, but never both. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the perceived deficit is due to gender expression or biological sex. Additionally, the project examined the masculine of policework and the neutral profession of teaching. Participants were assigned to one of four conditions (feminine woman, masculine woman, feminine man, and masculine man) in which they rated a potential hire for a police precinct or …

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