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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan Nov 2023

How To Improve Pure Basic Research System In China?, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

A major pillar of the new innovation-driven three-pronged development model is pure basic research. With the development of an innovation-driven economy, pure basic research has become increasingly important in promoting scientific and technological progress. In the past few decades, China has made a lot of progress in pure basic research. However, in the new three-pronged development model consisting of the pure basic research system, the applied technology system and the financial support system, pure basic research is generally where China’s weakness lies. This study proposes that in order to comprehensively improve China’s pure basic research capabilities, we must first clarify …

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Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu Nov 2023

Towards A Comprehensive Venture Capital Model: Enhancing China’S Innovation And Technology Ecosystem Through Global Insights, Xuanming Pan, Aiwen Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Innovation needs financial support. In the process of basic research and the transformation of applied technology, finance plays an important role. The risk appetite of the traditional financial system, however, fails to match with the financial demand of technology innovation. By contrast, venture capital fills the gaps in meeting the demand for funds, and simultaneously, plays the role of value discovery, guides the direction of research and development, and so on. In recent years, while China’s venture capital has developed rapidly, the venture capital system still needs to be improved. This study compares and analyzes the global representative models including …

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How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan Nov 2023

How Does China’S Chip Industry Overcome Middle-Technology Trap?, Rui Tan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Due to China’s great attention to and strong support for the chip industry, China’s chip technology level has made considerable progress. Nevertheless, compared with the United States, Europe, Japan, South Korea, and other countries, there is still a big gap. Specially, in the high-end chip product market, the scenario that China is subject to others has not been fundamentally changed. This study finds that to solve the stuck neck problem of China’s chip industry, it is needed to analyze internal institutional factors. China’s chip technology progress requires joint promotion from multiple actors, namely, government, enterprises, universities and research institutions to …

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Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang Nov 2023

Concept Of Dual-Track System For Enhancing China’S Scientific Research Institution And R&D System, Lu Chen, Ping Huang

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Through an analysis of the scientific research institution and R&D system of three typical models in the United States, Germany, and Japan, this study summarizes six common characteristics of the scientific research institution and R&D system. Based on this, it analyzes the current status and issues of China’s scientific research institution and R&D system. Finally, this study proposes the establishment of a dual-track scientific research institution and R&D system. On the one hand, it suggests creating a new track of R&D policies aimed at the private sector to address questions like why innovate, where to innovate, and how to innovate …

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Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng Nov 2023

Empirical Analysis For China’S Middle-Technology Status, Ge Lai, Bo Meng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

After years of development, it is evident that China’s manufacturing industry has been seen a significant improvement in its scale and coverage. However, it has still not broken free from the dilemma of being big but not strong, comprehensive but not excellent. This phenomenon has garnered extensive attention from both the academic and policy communities. This study contends that technological progress is the core of high-quality development in the manufacturing industry. Through empirical research, it is discovered that for latecomer countries in the early stages of economic development, achieving economic growth and income improvement through technology imitation is relatively feasible. …

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How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng Nov 2023

How Can China Avoid The Middle-Technology Trap?, Yongnian Zheng

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No matter from the perspective of supply chain, industrial chain or value chain, China’s current technology is generally at a middle-technology level. The status quo of Chinese technological development has the following three characteristics. First, there is a lack of original technology, which means technological creation from “0 to 1”. Second, technological development is mainly applied technology. If we measure China’s level of applied technology development from “1 to 10”, China is in the position of “4 to 7” on the scale of “1 to 10”, but lacks the technical level of “8 to 10”. In other words, China’s applied …

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Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan Nov 2023

Scientific And Technological Population, Tacit Technological Knowledge And Applied Technological System In China, Randong Yuan

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

One of the conditions for breaking through the middle-technology trap is that there are some companies or institutions that could transform basic research into applied technologies. The progress of applied technology, as well as the inventions and new products and services produced by the applied technology system, play an important role in increasing productivity, improving quality of life, and promoting social and economic development. Different from the situation in basic scientific research, China’s applied technology used to be among the most advanced in the world in history. It was not until the Industrial Revolution in Europe in the 18th century …

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Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi Nov 2023

Overcoming Middle-Technology Trap: Role Of Regional Science And Technology Innovation Highlands, Dongni He, Da Yi

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Building regional scientific and technological innovation highlands is an important solution to the problem of the middle-technology trap. Scientific and technological innovation highlands play significant roles on and carry out major tasks such as breaking through original technological innovation barriers, facilitating efficient conversion of scientific and technological fruits, attracting and gathering global high-end innovation factors, and creating an open and competitive innovation ecosystem. They serve as leaders, pioneers, and experimental fields in promoting the country to transcend the middle-technology trap. In this regard, this study attempts to review and summarize relevant literature on regional innovation systems, elucidate the role of …

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How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu Nov 2023

How Enterprises Achieve Technological Progress Through Openness?, Yongnian Zheng, Lanmeng Xu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

As the main body of a country’s economic activities, enterprises play an important role in transforming basic scientific research into applied technology to achieve technological upgrading of national industries. It is crucial to explore how Chinese enterprises can achieve rapid technological upgrading and industrial transformation in order to realize the transition from quantitative economic development to high-quality economic development. It is worth noting that in key technological fields such as chips, precision manufacturing, medical devices, and artificial intelligence, core technologies are still firmly controlled by enterprises in developed countries such as Europe, the United States, Japan, and South Korea. Currently, …

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Policy Overview (October, 2023) Nov 2023

Policy Overview (October, 2023)

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

No abstract provided.

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Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example, Kun Bai, Baoyu Jia Nov 2023

Platform Practice And Exploration Of Science Popularization By One Body With Two Wings Mode: Take Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture As An Example, Kun Bai, Baoyu Jia

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Science popularization is not only an activity of the state and society to popularize scientific and technological knowledge, promote scientific spirit, propagate scientific ideas and advocate scientific method, but also an important foundation for achieving innovative development. Based on the in-depth study on General Secretary Xi Jinping important remarks of science and technology innovation and science popularization, and science communication Dialogue Model, this study puts forward a dynamic model of One Body with Two Wings. Combine with Innovation China-Academician Opening Lecture of science popularization practice, this study analyzes the effectiveness and experience of the expert groups represented by the academicians …

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Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization, Bo Zhang, Xue Wang, Congli Sun Nov 2023

Policy Research On Allocation Of Science And Technology Funds For State Key Laboratory After Reorganization, Bo Zhang, Xue Wang, Congli Sun

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

The state key laboratory is an important component of the national strategic scientific and technological strength. The CPC Central Committee made a major decision to reorganize the state key laboratory system, proposed to increase investment in the reorganized state key laboratory, and to reform support policies. Aiming to achieve sci-tech self-reliance and self-strengthening at higher levels, studying the funds allocation of state key laboratory in the new era has important practical and far-reaching significance. In the previous practice, China’s allocation of funds for state key laboratory has 4 problems, such as weak correlation between fund allocation and the mission orientation …

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Reflections On Empowering China’S Digital Economy To Enhance International Competitiveness Through Tax System Reform, Yang Xue, Lina Hu Nov 2023

Reflections On Empowering China’S Digital Economy To Enhance International Competitiveness Through Tax System Reform, Yang Xue, Lina Hu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

At present, promoting the continuous improvement of the international competitiveness of the digital economy has become a new track for countries to compete. The study stands that the tax reform in the digital economy era is based on the accelerated evolution from the industrial economy to the digital economy, the wider application scenarios of digital technology, and the continuous improvement of the breadth and depth of digital infrastructure coverage. This study analyzes the problems arising from the development of the digital economy at this stage, such as the decline in the regulatory role of traditional tax functions, the loss of …

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The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research, Xiao Lu, Ming Zhao, Huihui Liu, Tianqing Li, Tao Tan, Weizhi Ji Nov 2023

The 14-Day Rule For In Vitro Human Embryo Research Requires Adjustment: From A Comprehensive Perspective Of Science, Ethics And Policy Research, Xiao Lu, Ming Zhao, Huihui Liu, Tianqing Li, Tao Tan, Weizhi Ji

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Since it was proposed, in vitro human embryo research had been following the 14-day rule, which limited in vitro research on human embryos within 14 days after fertilization. With the advancement in embryo culturing technology, this ethical rule has been greatly challenged. In 2021, the International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR) recommended a conditional extension of the existing time limit in ISSCR Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Clinical Translation, hence the international scientific community has restarted the debate on the 14-day rule. This study systematically analyzed the historical background and controversies of the 14-day rule ethical regulation of …

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Probe Into Mental Health Issues Caused By Major Natural Disasters And Crisis Interventions, Yankun Sun, Yimiao Gong, Xuebing Huang, Ying Qian, Siwei Sun, Hongguang Chen, Lin Lu Nov 2023

Probe Into Mental Health Issues Caused By Major Natural Disasters And Crisis Interventions, Yankun Sun, Yimiao Gong, Xuebing Huang, Ying Qian, Siwei Sun, Hongguang Chen, Lin Lu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

Major natural disasters not only cause severe personnel casualties and social losses, but also bring long-lasting mental health issues related to psychological trauma. Timely and efficient post-disaster crisis interventions can avoid indelible psychological damages that disasters bring to populations such as survivors, victims’ families, witnesses, and rescuers. This article overviews the impact of major natural disasters on mental health and the characteristics of post-disaster psychological crisis. It also summarizes previous experience in post-disaster crisis interventions. In addition, it probes into future post-disaster crisis interventions, including improvement of the legal system for crisis intervention, clarification of the role of the government …

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Casar Public Lecture: The Gaza War: Implications For The United States And Egypt, The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar Nov 2023

Casar Public Lecture: The Gaza War: Implications For The United States And Egypt, The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar

Performances, Events, and Presentations

Director of CASAR Professor Mark W. Deets, also a current member of the History department of AUC specialist in African Studies acted as moderator for this Event. CASARs two guest panelists in this discussion were visiting scholar Professor David Dumke and Professor Karim Hagag. Dumke is the Executive Director of the Office of Global Perspectives & International Initiatives at the University of Central Florida (UCF). He teaches Middle East history, U.S. foreign policy, and American politics, and “has written extensively on these subjects.” He also is host and executive producer of WUCF-TV’s award-winning Global Perspectives (Public Broadcasting Service). Dumke spent …

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Analysis Of Us Airline Stocks Performance Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Lda), Amina Issoufou Anaroua Nov 2023

Analysis Of Us Airline Stocks Performance Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (Lda), Amina Issoufou Anaroua

Beyond: Undergraduate Research Journal

Various events, such as changes in the interest rate or the hijacking of a commercial aircraft, can lead to significant shifts in airline stock performance. This study aimed to measure the impact of aviation-related news announcements on the stock performance of US airlines, focusing on different topics. The dataset included aviation news covering airlines, airports, regulations, safety, accidents, manufacturers, MRO, incidents, aviation training, general aviation, and others obtained from Aviation Voice. To uncover patterns that could explain the movements of US airline stocks, a natural language processing technique called Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) was employed. The process involved text mining …

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The Role Of Parenting In Developmental Trajectories Of Risk For Adolescent Substance Use: A Bioecological Systems Cascade Model, Kristine Marceau Nov 2023

The Role Of Parenting In Developmental Trajectories Of Risk For Adolescent Substance Use: A Bioecological Systems Cascade Model, Kristine Marceau

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Parenting is a key influence and prevention target for adolescent substance use, and changes dramatically in form and function during adolescence. This theoretical synthesis reviews evidence of associations of substance use-specific parenting behaviors, dimensions, and styles with adolescent substance use, and integrates key developmental and family theories (e.g., bioecological, dynamical systems, family systems, developmental cascades) and methodological-conceptual advances to illustrate the complex role that parenting plays for the development of adolescent substance use in combination with child and contextual influences. The resulting bioecological systems cascade model centers the dynamic co-development of parenting and child influences in developmental cascades that lead …

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Casar Public Lecture: 'How Different Are We? Sexual Harassment Education In The Us And Egypt', The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar Nov 2023

Casar Public Lecture: 'How Different Are We? Sexual Harassment Education In The Us And Egypt', The Prince Alwaleed Center For American Studies And Research Casar

Performances, Events, and Presentations

This event was part of a series of events centered around women since November is the United Nations month dedicated to awareness about the Elimination of Violence against Women. Director of CASAR Professor Mark W. Deets introduced the speaker, Jilllian Campana, Professor and Associate Dean for Undergraduate Studies in the School of Humanities and Social Sciences. Campana has given a TEDx talk in Mumbai, Created a film titled The Puzzle Club, and written several books including Western Theatre in Global Contexts: directing and teaching culturally inclusive drama around the world (Routledge, 2020) and It’s Not My Fault: five new plays …

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Postpartum Depression (Ppd) In Teenage Mothers Due To Social Determinants Of Health (Sdoh), Denise Mendez, Lindsay Gietzen Nov 2023

Postpartum Depression (Ppd) In Teenage Mothers Due To Social Determinants Of Health (Sdoh), Denise Mendez, Lindsay Gietzen

Pacific Journal of Health

The study is a qualitative research study that was done to determine if social determinants of health (SDOH) negatively impact postpartum depression (PPD) in teenage mothers. The SDOH that the study focused on were stigma, social support, and socioeconomic status. The study consisted of interviewing 5 participants. The participants are San Joaquin County residents over the age of 18 years old that have experienced being a teenage mother. The interview included questions about their mental health history, socioeconomic status and more. The findings demonstrated that SDOH negatively impacts PPD in teenage mothers. More than half of the participants shared that …

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Bibliotherapy: An Expanded Role For Libraries And Librarians, Loretta Odiri Daniel (Cln) Nov 2023

Bibliotherapy: An Expanded Role For Libraries And Librarians, Loretta Odiri Daniel (Cln)

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

A deep research into the concept of bibliotherapy revealed that it has been existence for a long time and rooted in ancient librarianship. However, the concept has moved from libraries to other corporations and organizations. This paper looks at the expanded role for libraries and librarians in bibliotherapy. Firstly, it discusses bibliotherapy or the combination of literature and healing which is designed to bring healings to library users through their interactions between relevant literature and their personalities as well as the etymology of the concept. Secondly, it expedites the types of bibliotherapy; relationship between bibliotherapy and library science; types of …

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Access To Qualitative Inquiry: An Internal Dialogue, James A. Bernauer Nov 2023

Access To Qualitative Inquiry: An Internal Dialogue, James A. Bernauer

The Qualitative Report

Based on the theme of the TQR 15th Annual Conference – “Qualitative Inquiry; Access Denied?” this article introspectively examines through a self-interview what I have learned and experienced and my “evolution” in relation to qualitative inquiry. My journey began firmly in the quantitative/rationalistic camp, and I now find myself midway between this camp and the qualitative/naturalistic camp. Is this an integrated space that provides a home to practice mixed methods and a more natural and authentic way to go about discovery and learning?

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A Thematic Analysis Of Teacher Experiences During Active Shooter Lockdown Drills, Stephanie F. Dailey, Beth Hosek, Heather L. Walter Nov 2023

A Thematic Analysis Of Teacher Experiences During Active Shooter Lockdown Drills, Stephanie F. Dailey, Beth Hosek, Heather L. Walter

The Qualitative Report

Teachers are tasked with ensuring that those under their care are safe and protected, yet the lack of evidence supporting the specific needs and experiences of teachers during active school shooter lockdown drills is alarming. The current study used live-action, virtual reality (VR) technology to simulate 36 active school shooter scenarios to explore teachers' experiences related to lockdown procedures and response protocols. Using thematic analysis and structured qualitative data, 355 descriptive responses from 11 teachers across 396 scenarios were coded and analyzed for explicit and implicit themes and sub-themes. Three overarching themes—humanistic care, enacted care, and professional duty—describe how teachers …

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Blue Economy Coastal Resources: Economic Valuation And Governance For Achieving Sustainable Development Goals, Unmana Sarangi Nov 2023

Blue Economy Coastal Resources: Economic Valuation And Governance For Achieving Sustainable Development Goals, Unmana Sarangi

Journal of Ocean and Coastal Economics

The research paper entitled "Blue Economy Coastal Resources its Economic Valuation and Governance for Achieving Sustainable Development Goals" is an attempt to define and analyze the concept of Blue Economy, Coastal Resources, its Economic Valuation and Governance and its implications for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) slated by United Nations. The research study covers aspects such as development of coastal resources for building a blue economy to achieve SDGs, economic valuation of coastal resources to develop appropriate and suitable mechanisms for achieving healthy ocean and its importance for current and future generations, sustainability of coastal resources and coastal management …

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Economics Of Conservation And The Application To The Runkle Woods, Indigenous American Cultural Student Association, Brad Kerry, Eliza Hendrix, Mateo Bush, Ryan Diza Nov 2023

Economics Of Conservation And The Application To The Runkle Woods, Indigenous American Cultural Student Association, Brad Kerry, Eliza Hendrix, Mateo Bush, Ryan Diza

Runkle Woods Symposia

Student Eliza Hendrix presents a brief history of local Native American culture to give context to Adjunct Professor Brad Kerry's portion of the presentation focusing on conservation through an economic lens.

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Financial Integration And Exchange Market Pressure, Kate Phylaktis, Muhammad Aftab Nov 2023

Financial Integration And Exchange Market Pressure, Kate Phylaktis, Muhammad Aftab

CBER Conference

This study examines the role of financial integration on exchange market pressure (EMP) across a representative group of forty-two advanced and emerging markets over the period 2000-2019, which covers the global financial crisis, which has heightened monetary and economic policy uncertainty. We use a novel measure of financial integration, namely the uncovered equity return differential versus the US, which is based on the Uncovered Equity Parity and is available at a monthly frequency.

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Economic Policy Uncertainty And Stock Portfolio Optimization: Cross Country Wavelet-Based Approach, Sara Iqbal, Waqar Ahmed Sethar, Suad Sindhiyao Nov 2023

Economic Policy Uncertainty And Stock Portfolio Optimization: Cross Country Wavelet-Based Approach, Sara Iqbal, Waqar Ahmed Sethar, Suad Sindhiyao

CBER Conference

The purpose of this research is to assess the impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) on the Sectoral returns of China, Pakistan, the USA, the UK, and India. The panel data consisting of EPU, and sectoral returns of Stock Market data of sample countries is from 2012 to 2022. To achieve the research objectives, the wavelet coherence method is used. By applying wavelet coherence analysis to the time series data of economic policy uncertainty and sector returns, researchers can explore how the coherence or correlation between these variables changes over different periods and frequency components which helps in assessing short-, …

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Kerala’S International Tourism Demand: An Inquiry Into The Validity Of The Standard And Regular Determinants, Muhammed Salim Anappattath Nov 2023

Kerala’S International Tourism Demand: An Inquiry Into The Validity Of The Standard And Regular Determinants, Muhammed Salim Anappattath

CBER Conference

The present study aims to identify the role of standard factors and other regular potential determinants in influencing the tourist arrivals in Indian state of Kerala. We used month-wise data of the foreign tourist arrivals in Kerala from January 2002 to December 2019 and applied auto-regressive distributed lagged (ARDL) approach, with the seasonality-adjusted data, for the same.

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Inequalities Of Opportunities: Some Insights From Pakistan, Zahid Pervaiz, Shahla Akram Nov 2023

Inequalities Of Opportunities: Some Insights From Pakistan, Zahid Pervaiz, Shahla Akram

CBER Conference

This study aims to provide some important insights regarding inequality of opportunities in Pakistan. By using household level survey data, we have estimated inequality of opportunities in various socioeconomic outcomes.

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Appraising Economic Development: Estimating Subnational Gdp For Pakistan Through Nightlights, Wajid Ali Nov 2023

Appraising Economic Development: Estimating Subnational Gdp For Pakistan Through Nightlights, Wajid Ali

CBER Conference

Pakistan, where inequalities and unbalanced development are prevalent. This study focuses on Pakistan as a case example and employs three distinct datasets, including nightime lights data from the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS), district-level information on prices and production of selected agricultural commodities, and population data from the LandScan Global Population project.

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