Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Anthropology (115999)
- Arts and Humanities (114057)
- Archaeological Anthropology (96468)
- Communication (89223)
- Sociology (87057)
-
- Library and Information Science (79601)
- Psychology (73809)
- Education (63313)
- Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration (63096)
- History (49332)
- Economics (47261)
- Political Science (41915)
- Journalism Studies (41443)
- Mass Communication (35100)
- Medicine and Health Sciences (33721)
- Business (31948)
- Law (29779)
- International and Area Studies (29052)
- Religion (26378)
- Life Sciences (22972)
- Physical Sciences and Mathematics (21207)
- United States History (21115)
- Disability Studies (18919)
- Archival Science (18713)
- Catholic Studies (17681)
- Social History (17369)
- Social Work (16400)
- Higher Education (15796)
- Legal Studies (15138)
- Institution
-
- Kenyon College (90122)
- San Jose State University (23482)
- College of the Holy Cross (18332)
- Western Kentucky University (17443)
- University of Nebraska - Lincoln (16705)
-
- Purdue University (11626)
- University of Central Florida (11275)
- Portland State University (10481)
- Hope College (10070)
- Singapore Management University (9294)
- City University of New York (CUNY) (9096)
- Western Michigan University (8821)
- University of Kentucky (8790)
- Brigham Young University (8233)
- University of Nebraska at Omaha (7434)
- Chulalongkorn University (7224)
- Nova Southeastern University (6950)
- Grand Valley State University (6671)
- Northwestern Pritzker School of Law (6515)
- Ursinus College (6416)
- Walden University (6412)
- Kennesaw State University (5842)
- Wright State University (5801)
- Old Dominion University (5785)
- Utah State University (5493)
- University of Nevada, Las Vegas (5404)
- James Madison University (4916)
- University of Massachusetts Boston (4577)
- Syracuse University (4384)
- University of Northern Iowa (4360)
- Keyword
-
- Newspaper (24533)
- Deaf culture (17047)
- Hearing impaired (17047)
- Pastoral care of people with disabilities (17039)
- Church work with the deaf -- Catholic Church (17031)
-
- Deaf -- Periodicals (17022)
- Spartan Daily (12401)
- Western Kentucky University (8598)
- Newspapers (8443)
- Michigan (6700)
- Holland (5964)
- Local newspapers (5902)
- Pennsylvania (5690)
- Holland City News (5484)
- Collegeville (5414)
- Montgomery County (5354)
- Trappe (5309)
- Student newspaper (4571)
- Norristown (4312)
- Education (4243)
- Communication (4231)
- Student Newspaper (4023)
- Law libraries (3904)
- Law librarians (3817)
- SEAALL (3767)
- Student newspapers (3602)
- Kentucky (3552)
- Wright State University (3397)
- Gender (3373)
- Archaeology (3211)
- Publication Year
-
- 2026 (13153)
- 2025 (19529)
- 2024 (20700)
- 2023 (20723)
- 2022 (22574)
-
- 2021 (24095)
- 2020 (23492)
- 2019 (26092)
- 2018 (22830)
- 2017 (21434)
- 2016 (21480)
- 2015 (19695)
- 2014 (18482)
- 2013 (17403)
- 2012 (15703)
- 2011 (13785)
- 2010 (12752)
- 2009 (11930)
- 2008 (11622)
- 2007 (8953)
- 2006 (8226)
- 2005 (9032)
- 2004 (13905)
- 2002 (14539)
- 2000 (12381)
- 1996 (24087)
- 1995 (13621)
- 1992 (12547)
- 1990 (17675)
- 1988 (10228)
- Publication
-
- Four Valleys Archive (90076)
- Spartan Daily (School of Journalism and Mass Communications) (11410)
- Theses and Dissertations (8860)
- WKU Administration Documents (7431)
- Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal) (7222)
-
- Against the Grain (6901)
- Journal of Criminal Law and Criminology (6417)
- Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies (5944)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (5466)
- Dissertations (5212)
- Faculty Publications (4636)
- Masters Theses (4048)
- Publications and Research (3312)
- The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare (3255)
- Master's Theses (3066)
- Dissertations and Theses (3032)
- Honors Theses (3003)
- The Qualitative Report (3000)
- Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection (2931)
- Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers (2930)
- The Independent Newspaper, 1898-1952 (2730)
- Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects (2711)
- The Guardian Student Newspaper (2691)
- Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD) (2614)
- Doctoral Dissertations and Projects (2603)
- Great Plains Quarterly (through 2013) (2472)
- Correspondence (2471)
- Central Florida Future (2281)
- USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2273)
- Index of Texas Archaeology: Open Access Gray Literature from the Lone Star State (2263)
- Publication Type
Articles 55351 - 55380 of 659452
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Lindenwood Digest, November 29, 2023, Lindenwood University
Lindenwood Digest, November 29, 2023, Lindenwood University
Lindenwood Digest
The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.
Latinx Social Work Students’ Well-Being Prior To And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Leyla Feize
Latinx Social Work Students’ Well-Being Prior To And During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Leyla Feize
School of Social Work Faculty Publications
This is a reflection on social work students’ well-being before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This narrative was indirectly written by the students, as it is their interpretations of their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors derived from drawing their own mandalas daily for one month. It is a comparison of two stories of struggle, hope, and change during two different periods which were close in time, but far in reality.
Agriculture And Community Well-Being: A Review Of Three Research Studies, Marilyn R. Schlake
Agriculture And Community Well-Being: A Review Of Three Research Studies, Marilyn R. Schlake
Cornhusker Economics
Personal observations are often obscure to the facts. For instance, recently I worked at a booth at Husker Harvest Days. The booth focused on rural community development. My observations were that many of the agricultural producers decided to not stop at our booth or for those who did stop, conversations showed a disconnect of the importance of their local community to their farm operations. Similarly, when working with communities, I have observed the lack of understanding of the importance of the agricultural producers to the local community’s well-being. Why the disconnect between these two very important components of our rural …
The Staying Power Of Asbestos Hazards: A Critical Environmental Justice Case Analysis, Emily Qian
The Staying Power Of Asbestos Hazards: A Critical Environmental Justice Case Analysis, Emily Qian
Sociology Between the Gaps: Forgotten and Neglected Topics
No abstract provided.
Exploring The Advocacy Experiences Of The Military Families With Children Who Have Disabilities, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University
Exploring The Advocacy Experiences Of The Military Families With Children Who Have Disabilities, Institute For Veterans And Military Families At Syracuse University
Institute for Veterans and Military Families
This research review examines the experiences of 11 parents of children with disabilities, recruited through military and disability agencies using snowball sampling. The study reveals varying experiences within the Exceptional Family Member Program (EFMP), highlighting military families' resilience and reliance on peer support, and the military mothers' pivotal role in advocacy, often requiring their spouse's presence at IEP meetings for effectiveness. This IVMF review also provides implications for practitioners, policy, and future research surrounding military families of children with disabilities.
Media Consumption And Islamophobia, Anastasia Athanasiadi
Media Consumption And Islamophobia, Anastasia Athanasiadi
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Islamophobia has been a growing issue in the United States, especially after the 9/11 attack on the World Trade Center twin towers in 2001, from innocent people being harassed on the street or various social media platforms to a Muslim ban implemented by former President Donald Trump. The rise of online media has allowed individuals, organizations, politicians, and news outlets to post their opinions/ articles that perpetuate a fear of Muslims in the United States and worldwide. As media consumption has skyrocketed in recent years, American society has become more exposed to Islamophobic content than ever before, and its effects …
User Feedback On Celebratory Technology Model For Reducing Stigma, Evelyn Lawrie, Daniel Dinh, Sav Avalos, Jack De Bruyn, Spencer Au, Christian Lopez, Ray Tan, Cyrus Fa'amafoe
User Feedback On Celebratory Technology Model For Reducing Stigma, Evelyn Lawrie, Daniel Dinh, Sav Avalos, Jack De Bruyn, Spencer Au, Christian Lopez, Ray Tan, Cyrus Fa'amafoe
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Social stigma is a complex manifestation that affects humanity, particularly individuals with disabilities and other marginalized groups, including those with physical, cognitive, and emotional conditions. Society often judges these individuals' interactions with the world, and many technologies designed to assist those with disabilities attempt to change their daily interactions and behaviors. Nonetheless, when the emphasis is placed on validating disabled identities, there is a potential for it to be seen as "inspiration porn." This approach might inadvertently reduce inclusivity and do little to challenge negative stereotypes; it can also lead to the objectification of individuals with disabilities. Therefore, this project …
The Truth About Partisan Affiliation: Fear, Trust, And Media, Hailey Merin
The Truth About Partisan Affiliation: Fear, Trust, And Media, Hailey Merin
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
As the father of Western logic, Aristotle's research of the scientific method of analysis, biology, and psychology has been adopted by present-day America. If America has openly accepted an array of Aristotle's teachings, why have they ignored his observations that political parties are non-Democratic?
This research explores the relationship between political party affiliation, sentiment toward the government, and media influence on fear of corrupt government officials. Firstly, this paper examines the idea that sentiments toward the government are influenced by partisan affiliation. Secondly, it determines that after the 2020 election, Republicans fear corrupt government officials more than any other major …
Fear Of Immigrants And Immigration In American Society, Sabrina Laib
Fear Of Immigrants And Immigration In American Society, Sabrina Laib
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Immigrants, regardless of status, are portrayed as a threat to American society through the media. This paper will investigate Americans and their fear of non White immigrants and naturalized citizens through the theories of immigration threat, social identity theory, group cue, and the so-called freeloader problem. Due to the rise of xenophobic rhetoric being parroted by American politicians such as the Muslim ban enacted during the time of former President Trump’s presidency, the U.S. border control’s violence towards central American refugees, as well as undocumented laborers that Florida’s Governor DeSantis did not want working in his state anymore, leading to …
Who Is Most Likely To Fear Financial Collapse, Robert Hutchens
Who Is Most Likely To Fear Financial Collapse, Robert Hutchens
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
§The United States has the largest economy in the world and yet Americans are often worried or concerned about the state of the economy and the effect of the economy on their lives. In this paper I examine the complex relationships between groups of people and their fear and opinion of financial collapse; specifically looking into the rationale and influences behind those opinions. Using the Chapman University American Fears Survey, I found a strong correlation between low income and fear of financial collapse, especially amongst those who make less than fifty thousand dollars a year. Education is also shown to …
Information Inflation: How Social Media News Consumption Contributes To Societal And Political Fears, Owen Cotton
Information Inflation: How Social Media News Consumption Contributes To Societal And Political Fears, Owen Cotton
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
By permitting each American to be exposed to countless amounts of information through social media, platforms have become even more influential for public perception. Since the establishment of social media platforms the United States has certainly seen an increase in political and social disputes, particularly during the last couple presidencies. In this paper I will examine what is the link between growing concerns of public unrest and social media, and to what extent the next generations of Americans are affected. With a partial focus on feelings resulting from the January 6th riots in 2021, I will examine to what extent …
Pasta And Politics: A Taste Of Culinary Xenophobia In Italy, Rachel Berns
Pasta And Politics: A Taste Of Culinary Xenophobia In Italy, Rachel Berns
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Italy has become a common “landing country” for many European and Asian immigrants, creating a perception of invasion that has led to cultural reactionism masked in the reinforcement of “traditional cuisine.” For so-called traditional foods to endure, they must continually be reinvented, bearing different meanings and social values throughout time and space while accumulating rich, cultural baggage that serves as a powerful marker of identity in a given society. This project explores the role of traditional cuisine in Italian national identity and pride, and the subsequent historical culinary antagonism maintained in widespread attitudes toward ethnic cuisine in Italy. Through an …
America’S Fear Of Civil Unrest Through The Lens Of 2020 Blm Protests And January 6th, Morgan Romine
America’S Fear Of Civil Unrest Through The Lens Of 2020 Blm Protests And January 6th, Morgan Romine
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Over the past five years, the United States of America (US) has experienced events which highlight societal weakness and faults in the foundations of the US system. This research paper focuses on the level of fear a participant has of civil unrest in the US, how that fear has evolved following the events of 2020, including the January 6th Insurrection and 2020’s summer of Black Lives Matter (BLM) protests. Factoring the age, political affiliation, and socio-economic status of the study’s participants into the findings, is a way to understand where the participant’s fear may be stemming from. My research uses …
The Role Of Generational Status In Latino Voting Behavior And Partisanship, Isabella Stoddart
The Role Of Generational Status In Latino Voting Behavior And Partisanship, Isabella Stoddart
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
In recent years, there has been a notable divergence in the voting behavior of Latinos and Hispanics in the United States across generations, including an uptick in Republican vote share in regions such as South Florida. There has been a lack of consensus as to why this is occurring and literature seeking to explain this phenomenon has been limited in its evaluations and has failed to control for variables such as age, gender, education level, and religiosity. There has also been an overemphasis on the role political assimilation and voter participation play for this minority group. This study theorizes that …
The Pride Pipeline: Violent Nationalism In The United States, Emily Veloz
The Pride Pipeline: Violent Nationalism In The United States, Emily Veloz
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
A striking rise in American Nationalism has emerged due to varying factors; however, a particular selection of identities have acted as primary contributors to this phenomenon. This piece navigates the increasing application of violence in the political arena in tandem with the impacts of racial, socioeconomic, and social factors that have fueled this collective aggression. Previous research points toward the hyperpolarization that has been perpetuated by political figures and media outlets, the augmentation of a psychological us-vs.-them mentality, and the perceived threat to American hegemony across the globe. Through an analysis of data provided by the 9th edition of the …
Behind The Scenes: Shining A Spotlight On Veiled Theatre Workers, Ariel Bradshaw
Behind The Scenes: Shining A Spotlight On Veiled Theatre Workers, Ariel Bradshaw
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
My thesis aims to highlight traditionally underrepresented theatre artists. I wish to dive deeply into the many backstage, or “veiled” workers, who continue to go unacknowledged. Why is there an aspect of “veiled” theatre created to stay hidden? Even in technical theatre, some specialties receive more credit or recognition than others. For example, the Tony Awards offer categories for direction, sound, light, costume, and scenic design, yet no award for stage management. How are institutions working to create more representation in an intentionally hidden space? This project will specifically focus on the representation of stage managers, arguably the most invisible …
Archaeological Survey At Pelabuhan Ratu Site And Ciletuh Site, Sukabumi, West Java: Revealing The Possibility Of Maritime Cultural Landscape And The Golden Path On Prehistoric Period, Ali Akbar
International Review of Humanities Studies
Research on Prehistoric Era, especially megalithic culture, has been conducted many times in Indonesia. Generally, the results of the study show that megalithic culture produces structures and buildings of large stones. These remains are often found in mountains or hills. However, the results of the research that the author did in Sukabumi, West Java show different outcome. The author conducted a survey at Pelabuhan Ratu Site and Ciletuh Site. These two sites can be said as newly discovered sites. The method used was an archaeological survey by visiting the site and carefully observing the structure and megalithic buildings on both …
The Bitter End: The 2020 Presidential Campaign And The Challenge To American Democracy, Zachary Morris
The Bitter End: The 2020 Presidential Campaign And The Challenge To American Democracy, Zachary Morris
The Journal of Economics and Politics
No abstract provided.
An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz
An Analysis Of Poverty Convergence: Evidence From Pennsylvania Counties, Angel Alcantara, Stephanie M. Brewer, James J. Jozefowicz
The Journal of Economics and Politics
This paper extends applications of unconditional and conditional β-convergence and σ-convergence analysis to poverty rates in a panel data sample of Pennsylvania counties during the period 1990-2019. Spatial structural breaks between rural and urban counties in Pennsylvania plus the possibility that Philadelphia County is an outlier are acknowledged to avoid spurious inferences. The findings support the existence of unconditional β-convergence in the pooled, urban, and rural samples with non-metropolitan areas exhibiting the greatest convergence. However, the largest conditional β-convergence is observed for urban counties, and this outcome is robust to the exclusion of Philadelphia County. Graphical evidence evinces a greater …
The Political Divergence Of Ohio And Michigan, Dominic D. Wells, David J. Jackson
The Political Divergence Of Ohio And Michigan, Dominic D. Wells, David J. Jackson
The Journal of Economics and Politics
Ohio and Michigan are demographically similar states whose politics have diverged since 2016. This research aims to explain why these two Midwestern states have taken such different political paths in recent years. A comparative case study is used to examine a number of possible explanations. The results of this research show that institutional factors such as registration and voting laws, redistricting processes, and ballot measures have contributed to the political divergence of Ohio and Michigan. Further, data on policy preferences are compared to show that the differences between the states are not the result of different policy preferences among their …
Promoting Mammography Screenings In African American Women: Media, Church, And Health Providers, Lasonya Little, Debra C. Wallace, K.Jay Poole
Promoting Mammography Screenings In African American Women: Media, Church, And Health Providers, Lasonya Little, Debra C. Wallace, K.Jay Poole
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Due to the underutilization of screening mammography, African American women (AAW) are more likely to experience negative health outcomes after receiving a late-stage breast cancer diagnosis than White Women (WW). The purpose of this article is to examine the roles of the media, health community and the African American church and pastor and their potential impact in AAW screening decisions. Fifteen AAW, ages 45 and older, were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Most women agreed the African American pastor and church as well as the health community, and media are an integral part of their lives. Therefore, specific …
Understanding Firearm Purchasing During A Purchasing Surge Among Black Individuals, Esprene Liddell-Quintyn, Jasmin Brooks Stephens, Michael D. Anestis
Understanding Firearm Purchasing During A Purchasing Surge Among Black Individuals, Esprene Liddell-Quintyn, Jasmin Brooks Stephens, Michael D. Anestis
Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice
Abstract
Purpose: During 2020, the US experienced a record-breaking year for firearm purchases, with major spikes occurring at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, and in June 2020. This study aimed to examine the factors associated with firearm purchasing during a purchasing surge among Black individuals and to document their reasons for surge purchasing.
Methods: We conducted a cross sectional survey from January to June 2021. Participants were recruited through quota sampling using Qualtrics. This study focuses on a sample of Black individuals (n=1115) from which a subsample of respondents (n=108) indicated that they purchased firearms since …
Argumentation For Critical Heterogenous Political Discussions: Constructing A Rebuttal, Rebecca Oliver
Argumentation For Critical Heterogenous Political Discussions: Constructing A Rebuttal, Rebecca Oliver
Discourse: The Journal of the SCASD
This activity seeks to explain to undergraduate students how to craft a proper attack and defense in argumentation and debate, persuasion, or political communication courses. The activity teaches students 1) the parts of a basic argument structure and 2) how to construct a rebuttal using a basic argument structure. Students will argue against their true political typology by selecting an opposing typology from the Pew Research Typology Quiz. Broadly, this exercise is designed to encourage students to engage in dialogues with people who disagree with their political positionality. Specifically, the activity accomplishes this by teaching students the value of basic …
Encoding & Decoding: Artfully Modeling Communication, Daniel L. Foster, Ashley D. Garcia
Encoding & Decoding: Artfully Modeling Communication, Daniel L. Foster, Ashley D. Garcia
Discourse: The Journal of the SCASD
Drawing objects and concepts, such as cats, trees, love, democracy, and family, is probably the last activity students expect to do in a communication course. Although this sounds like an introductory art activity, creating visual representations provides a nuanced understanding of the encoding and decoding processes. Encoding and decoding are the most hidden and often the most unfamiliar and complex fundamental components of communication for students to comprehend. By engaging in this activity, students translate their decoding process into drawings, which serve as personal artifacts representative of their encoding and decoding. Students come to better conceptualize this cognitive process with …
“Party In The Communication Classroom”: Exploring Communication Competence To Raise Social Awareness, Nancy Bressler
“Party In The Communication Classroom”: Exploring Communication Competence To Raise Social Awareness, Nancy Bressler
Discourse: The Journal of the SCASD
This activity demonstrates communication competence and allows students to observe, assess, and ultimately utilize the model of communication competence to engage with other people successfully. To understand how to engage in communication competence, students must recognize that appropriateness and effectiveness are crucial aspects of their communication. Through the communication competence model, students examine how to achieve effectiveness in their communication by setting goals for specific contexts; they also consider to what extent their goals are achievable given the particular situation. Using a 2014 MTV Video Music Award example, students can analyze why Miley Cyrus allowed a homeless man to accept …
Introducing Public Speaking Self-Concept (Pssc): A Novel, Qualitatively-Derived Communication Anxiety And Competence Variable, Karla M. Hunter, Joshua N. Westwick
Introducing Public Speaking Self-Concept (Pssc): A Novel, Qualitatively-Derived Communication Anxiety And Competence Variable, Karla M. Hunter, Joshua N. Westwick
Discourse: The Journal of the SCASD
Despite numerous quantitative assessments of teaching interventions that have helped mitigate public speaking anxiety (PSA), this common barrier to public speaking persists. In addition, quantitative measures may not be appropriate for all instructional goals, especially with students from across a variety of cultures. To enrich educators’ capacity to help diverse bodies of students overcome the challenges presented by PSA, this qualitative study asked students to “Please describe yourself as a public speaker” at the beginning and the end of a freshman-level, general education public speaking class. Thematic analysis identified a two-dimensional pattern within student responses (N = 51) (a …
Discourse: The Journal Of The Scasd, Volume 8 (2023), The Speech Communication Association Of South Dakota
Discourse: The Journal Of The Scasd, Volume 8 (2023), The Speech Communication Association Of South Dakota
Discourse: The Journal of the SCASD
No abstract provided.
Pro Se: Speech & Debate Mentoring Program For Justice-Impacted Youth Community-Engaged Learning Experiences Of Cornell University Students, Nia Clements, Paola Falcon, Ria Sodhi, Matt Saleh
Pro Se: Speech & Debate Mentoring Program For Justice-Impacted Youth Community-Engaged Learning Experiences Of Cornell University Students, Nia Clements, Paola Falcon, Ria Sodhi, Matt Saleh
The SUNY Journal of the Scholarship of Engagement: JoSE
The Pro Se Speech and Debate Program is a student-led engaged learning program at Cornell University, housed within the New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations (ILR). In this initiative, Cornell undergraduate and graduate students engage with justice-impacted youth (ages 14-17) in Central New York to provide mentorship and educational offerings. Cornell students serve as “speech and debate coaches” and peer mentors to youth involved in the Central New York Health Home Network’s (CNYHHN) “Restorative Integrated Youth Services” (RIYS) diversion program in Utica, New York. The primary goal of the program is to empower youth by building self-advocacy …
French Subtitling Strategies And Techniques Used In Indonesian Film Marlina Si Pembunuh Dalam Empat Babak, Tesyalia Zara Aisyah, Arif Budiman
French Subtitling Strategies And Techniques Used In Indonesian Film Marlina Si Pembunuh Dalam Empat Babak, Tesyalia Zara Aisyah, Arif Budiman
International Review of Humanities Studies
This qualitative research aims to describe the use of subtitling strategies and techniques in Indonesian film Marlina si Pembunuh dalam Empat Babak due to spatial constraints. The corpus consists of Indonesian audio script of the movie and its French subtitle. The theoretical framework is based on Gottlieb’s ten strategies of subtitling, and Carmitroglou’s, Carroll and Ivarsson’s codes of subtitling. The results indicate that out of ten strategies, one strategy, transcription, is not applicable to the corpus. The most common strategies are transfer, then condensation. Transfer is used to translate simple phrases, while condensation is used to translate dialogs with unimportant …