Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A115: Revision Of The Chinese Version Of Physical Self-Description Questionnaire-Short For Middle School Students, Ruijin Wang, Xiaoling Yang, Liu Ji

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The Physical Self-Description Questionnaire -Short (PSDQ-S) is one of the world's recognized effective tools for measuring Physical Self-Concept (PSC). However, Latent profile analysis of the physical self-description among Chinese adolescents only supported the 3-dimensional model of PSDQ-S, that is, it could only distinguish the Physical Activity (PA), Appearance, and Body Fat of Chinese children and adolescents, but could not effectively distinguish the 8 dimensions of Coordination, Flexibility, Strength, Endurance, Sport, Global Physical, Health, and Global Esteem. It cannot meet the needs of PSC measurement in the field of sports psychology in China. The purpose of this study was to …

A135: Challenges And Strategies Of Physical Fitness Course In Primary And Middle Schools, Yuxiao Lian, Haohui Liu, Zhihua Yin

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Developing students’ overall competencies and physical health is an important goal of physical education and health curriculum (PEHC). PEHC Standards for Compulsory Education (2022) and PEHC Standards for Senior High Schools (2017) both designate Physical Fitness as a required course to achieve this goal. To date, it’s not clear about how the course has been implemented and its effectiveness. Therefore, this study was to identify problems associated with teaching Physical Fitness courses in primary and middle schools in China and to propose strategies for an improved implementation. Methods: First, the literature from CNKI, East China Normal University Library was …

A140: Comparing Perceived Exercise Benefits Between Exercising And Non-Exercising College Students, Yanli Pang, Cunnian Xia, Yue Xia

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Regular exercise leads to physiological and psychological benefits. University is a key venue to promote physical activity behavior in young adults. However, it is reported nearly 50% Chinese college students are not reaping the benefits due to insufficient amount of exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate what challenges prevent college students from exercising. Thus, this study was to assess perceived exercise benefits and barriers in Chinese college students and compare the differences between students do exercise and who do not. Methods: The Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) was used to examine perceived benefits and barriers in 118 non-exercising and …

A108: Mood State Of The University Students During The Covid-19 And Its Influencing Factors: A Longitudinal Analysis Based On Three-Year Data, Liqiang Zhang, Huina Gao, Xiaozan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Employing a stratified random sampling approach, we conducted an investigation into the mental state and its influencing factors among 10,285 college students across 80 universities in 20 provinces (cities), spanning Beijing, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Tibet, Zhejiang, and Chongqing. This study, conducted in 2020, 2021, and 2022, aims to effectively enhance the mental well-being of college students within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Frequency was employed to examine the basic characteristics of the respondents. The Pearson chi-square test was then utilized to test the rates …

A157: The Effect Of Whole-Body Vibration Therapy On The Motor Abilities Of Patients With Sarcopenia, Haixia Wang, Mingjie Hu, Guangxin Wang, Xin-An Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The highly morbid condition known as sarcopenia affects middle-aged and elderly people and is characterized by a progressive loss of whole-body muscle mass accelerated by aging. It is also accompanied by a decline in muscle strength and physiological function. These weakening functions manifest as impaired physical movement, increased risk of falls, disability, lower quality of life, and even death. Sarcopenia is progressively emerging as a new public health issue in China with a quickly aging population, making it vital to investigate effective exercise therapies for sarcopenic patients. Methods: Sixty sarcopenic patients (aged 60-75) from a local hospital in northeast …

A159: Effects Of Social Supports On Chinese Adolescent Perceived Physical Literacy, Junyi Bian, Benjamin Colin Cork

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Levels of physical activity in children have gradually declined from elementary to high school. This trend necessitates a greater need of perceived physical literacy (PPL) to achieve a healthy lifestyle. Because social supports for physical confidence (PC) and understanding (PU) are key to nursing PPL, this study investigated effects of perceived family support (PFS), perceived physical education support (PPES), and perceived community support (PCS) on PPL among a group of Chinese adolescents. Methods: The study was based on a retrospective investigation. A total of 3820 participants completed self-reported questionnaires assessing PFS, PPES, PCS. PPL was assessed by an eight-item …

A132: The Impact Of Baby Swimming On Motor Development Of Toddlers, Jiayu Gu, Yuhong Wen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Infancy and early childhood are important stages of basic motor skills formation. Baby swimming provides a unique opportunity for toddlers aged 2–3 to develop motor skills. The literature documents that baby swimming can promote physical growth in toddlers, but how it affects motor development remains unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to address this gap. Methods: Using interviews, field investigations, assessment tools, this study was conducted in two stages. Stage 1 focused on the instructional information about baby swimming courses, and Stage 2 examined the difference in body indices and motor competencies between two groups of toddlers recruited through …

A69: Data Visualization Of Core Literacy Of Physical Education: A Case Study Of Sci-Tech Empowerment, Ling Xiao, Feifei Li, Wenxue Yuan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Physical education (PE) in colleges and universities in the new era focuses on mastering smart PE technology, deepening the connotation of big data education, and cultivating and achieving disciplinary core literacy. The paper designs a monitoring plan based on three key aspects of core literacy, namely, athletic capabilities, health-related actions, and PE morality. It aims at strengthening the value of AI-powered methods in core literacy cultivation, providing more teaching methods to traditional PE classroom teaching, and promoting students’ core literacy. Methods: The paper selects 105 college students from 5 classes who voluntarily take part in the research. It also …

A89: Experimental Study On Effects Of ‘Micro-Exercise’ On Pupils' Attention And Performance, Wei Jiang, Fenghui Lei, Jieyi Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Extended periods of desk-based study in schools often result in diminished attention and reduced learning efficiency among students. This study aims to investigate exercise methods and implementation approaches that can enhance the attention and academic performance of primary school students. Methods: This study randomly selected 90 students（44 in the experimental group and 46 in the control group）from two classes of Grade 3 in Shenxhen Yantian Foreign Language primary School Donghe Branch. The students from the experimental group received two rounds of 12-week 10 minutes of micro-exercise every day. The attention index (D2) and the academic performance (Chinese, Math, and …

Evaluating The Impact Of Desk Appearance Ticket Reform In New York State, Olive Lu, Michael Rempel

Publications and Research

This report addresses the extent to which reform led more people charged with low-level offenses to return home swiftly after an arrest, avoid overnight detention, and limit unnecessary system contact. We focused solely on misdemeanors and Class E felonies where the specific charge is subject to a mandatory DAT (excluding domestic violence, sex offenses, and select other charges) and the individual has not failed to appear in the past two years. Thus, we excluded most cases where police officers retained discretion; however, the data could not isolate all carve-outs, such as people who cannot prove their identity, appear to need …

Does New York's Bail Reform Law Impact Recidivism? A Quasi-Experimental Test In The State's Suburban And Upstate Regions, René Ropac

Publications and Research

This is the third report in Data Collaborative for Justice's Bail Reform and Recidivism Series. The study builds upon two previous reports examining the impact of bail reform on recidivism in New York City. This study estimated the impact of New York's bail reform on recidivism in the State's suburban and upstate regions. We compared re-arrest rates for people who had bail set or were remanded at arraignment in the first half of 2019 (before bail reform) with similar people who were released without bail in the first half of 2020 (after bail reform).

Essays On Real Estate, Flood Risk, And Political Sentiment, John P. Orellana

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation consists of three chapters that investigate how climate change, flood risk, and political sentiment influence outcomes in housing markets.

Chapter 1: This chapter offers a brief review and discussion of several recent and seminal papers at the intersection of flood risk, climate change, and real estate, as well as a critique on some of the literature on the effects of sea-level rise on housing outcomes.

Chapter 2: FEMA flood maps serve two functions: they signal risk to homeowners and mandate insurance take-up. How these information and risk transfer mechanisms affect homeowner relocation decisions remains unknown. Combining real estate …

Teaching In The “Home Language” Is Not Enough: Navigating Spanish Raciolinguistic Ideologies In A Dual Language Bilingual Program, Gladys Yacely Aponte

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This ethnographic case study examines how fourth graders in a New York City Spanish/English dual language bilingual public school navigate hegemonic language ideologies about Spanish. Drawing on the scholarship of raciolinguistic ideologies—those that position the language practices of people of color as inherently deficient (Flores & Rosa, 2015), I analyze the discourse of seven Kiskeyanx students to examine how they navigate the widespread raciolinguistic marginalization of Kiskeyanxs— a demographic that is racialized as more Black than other Spanish-speaking groups.

As a first-generation Kiskeyana-New Yorker, a bilingual teacher educator and researcher, and a former dual language bilingual public-school teacher, it …

Learning From Their Flocks: Analyses Of Power On Hudson River Valley Livestock Farms, Mark D. D'Alessandro

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Livestock farming in the Hudson River Valley, and selling meat in New York City farmers’ markets, are activities bounded by a region, and heavily influenced by place. Farming is represented in this project as a material linkage between urban and rural, both shaped by power relations, and the respective places of production and consumption. Interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, this study investigates placemaking and power dynamics on farms, their marketplaces, and spaces in between, during normal market conditions, and those which are anything but normal. The findings expose the reader to the representations of place in a local, niche market, …

Representaciones Ideológicas De La Lengua, La Conversación Y La Comunicación En Manuales De Urbanidad Del Siglo Xix En México: Guías Para La Civilización, El Orden Y El Progreso Nacional, Luis B. Quesada Nieto

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study explores the main ideological representations of language, language use, conversation and communication found in a set of five etiquette manuals that were published and used in Mexico during the 19^th century. Following a glottopolitical perspective for the study of normativity, language policies, and sociolinguistic practices, the main hypothesis developed establishes that the ideas about language contained in these texts are strongly connected with the social, political, and economic period in which they are elaborated and enunciated, that is, the moment in which the nation is still defining itself, struggling to consolidate its viability and its value facing …

The Divided Self: Internal Conflict In Literature, Philosophy, Psychology, And Neuroscience, Yulia Greyman

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thematic project examines the notion of self-division, particularly in terms of the conflict between cognition and metacognition, across the fields of philosophy, psychology, and, most recently, the cognitive and neurosciences. The project offers a historic overview of models of self-division, as well as analyses of the various problems presented in theoretical models to date. This work explores how self-division has been depicted in the literary works of Edgar Allan Poe, Don DeLillo, and Mary Shelley. It examines the ways in which artistic renderings alternately assimilate, resist, and/or critique dominant philosophical, psychological, and scientific discourses about the self and its …

A Candidate Needs Approach To Job Advertisements, Yuliya M. Cheban-Gore

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Organizations currently lack research-based best practice guidance on what information is most helpful for job seekers when deciding which jobs and organizations to apply to. This lack of guidance is a detriment because, typically, recruitment strategies are designed from the perspective of the organization’s needs –which is effective when the job market is organization, rather than candidate-driven. When the market is candidate-driven, it would benefit organizations to view the recruitment process through the lens of job seekers. The current studies focus on understanding one of the beginning stages of recruitment through the lens of job seekers: job advertisements. Through a …

The Construction Of Victimhood In Human Trafficking Intervention Courts, Lauren Moton

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Human trafficking intervention courts (HTICs), specialty courts in the US designed to connect trafficking victims to services when they are arrested, require defendants to identify as victims of human trafficking in order to qualify for HTICs' services and other social supports. However, some defendants may be autonomously trading sex, thereby raising questions about the meaning of the term "victim" within HTICs. Therefore, my study asks the following: a) at the institutional level, how do HTICs’ rules, norms, procedures, and stakeholders implement and give meaning to the “victim” label, and why?; and b) at the individual level, how do people who …

Interracial Instagram: Depictions Of Interracial Couples On Instagram, Christie Sillo

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examines depictions of interracial romantic relationships on Instagram, a popular photo- and video-sharing social networking site. Social networking sites like Instagram, whereby users connect with each other by creating, sharing, and consuming content, are prime sites for sociological study because ideas are constantly being (re)made on them. On Instagram, meaning-making is mainly done through the construction of a profile and the posting of images and/or videos. Using a mixed-methods research design of hashtag analysis, digital ethnography, discourse and image analysis, I critically analyze Instagram profiles that depict interracial romantic relationships. In doing so, I develop a contemporary, social …

Values In Evidence-Based Policy: Bridging Socio-Political, Moral, And Epistemic Domains, Karyna Pryiomka

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Values constitute an inescapable constant of any policymaking or evidence-production process. In this dissertation I explore ways in which socio-political, moral, and epistemic values inform evidence production and use in public higher education policy. In “Chapter One: Introduction and Literature Review”, I provide a brief overview of evidence-based policy as a practice. I then discuss three major categories of values, focusing on higher education examples whenever possible. Finally, I present the central study of this dissertation. The central question of my dissertation is In what ways do epistemic, socio-political, and moral values frame the production and deployment of evidence in …

The Black Map Project: A Black People’S Epistemology Of Healing, Britton Williams

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This work is a love letter to Mary Turner and her descendants, by which I mean all Black people, that lifts recipes and roadmaps of Black creative healing and liberatory praxes. It is a freedom dream (Kelley, 2002) that dares to (re)imagine mental health care by holding Black healing and liberation centrally in mind. I do not seek to prove through this work but rather to provoke [thought|action|repair]. In this work, I unsettle prescribed notions of therapy that have long dismissed/erased/ignored the needs and [therapeutic] practices of Black people. The Black MAP Project resists epistemologies of ignorance (Mills, 2022)—born in …

Cancer In Pajamas: Radio, Podcasts, And The Politics Of Free Time In The Digital Age, Daniel Grjonko

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The podcast, an extremely potent fermentation of the radio which was so central to many of the Frankfurt School thinkers, is an important political subject to consider in light of rekindled social discussions concerning a society straddling the line between fascism and socialism. Especially the political podcast, which has become a pulse of intellectual discussion and historical analysis, promises itself simultaneously as a medium of entertainment, pedagogy, and translation into real-world organizing for a different world, true for both the left and the right. The truth, I propose, is a sinister other experience, one which maintains the status quo …

A Pearl Ravaged: The Paradox Of Haiti And Its Socioeconomic Origins, Isabel Ishibe Exel

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Saint-Domingue was once the most profitable colony of the Caribbean, the so-called pearl of the Antilles. Nowadays, Haiti is known for being the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere, a dramatic shift that raises the question of the factors contributing to Haiti's current state, marked by persistent violence, natural disasters, and political instability. Various discourses have framed Haiti as a country doomed for failure. However, relying on binary concepts such as success and failure is counterproductive to a refined analysis. How, then, should we structure this conversation? My ultimate goal for this work is to provide a nuanced analysis of …

Essays In Macroeconomics And Finance, Archil Dvalishvili

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Chapter 1: (A Quantitative Analysis of Interest on Reserves and Reserve Requirements) - I construct a medium scale DSGE model with financial frictions both on the demand (entrepreneurs) and supply (banks) sides of credit to study the costs and benefits of fixed/time-varying minimum reserve requirements and interest paid by the Fed on reserves.The results can be summarized as follows: (1) An optimal time-varying minimum reserve requirement generates substantial welfare gain when compared with a fixed minimum reserve requirement when no interest is paid on reserves. (2) Paying interest on reserves is substantially welfare inferior to a policy with no interest …

Containerization Of Seafarers In The International Shipping Industry: Contemporary Seamanship, Maritime Social Infrastructures, And Mobility Politics Of Global Logistics, Liang Wu

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation discusses the mobility politics of container shipping and argues that technological development, political-economic order, and social infrastructure co-produce one another. Containerization, the use of standardized containers to carry cargo across modes of transportation that is said to have revolutionized and globalized international trade since the late 1950s, has served to expand and extend the power of international coalitions of states and corporations to control the movements of commodities (shipments) and labor (seafarers). The advent and development of containerization was driven by a sociotechnical imaginary and international social contract of seamless shipping and cargo flows. In practice, this liberal, …

Staying Power: The Struggle For Space And Place In Crown Heights, Brooklyn, Erin E. Lilli

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation looks at how gentrification touches down, at the neighborhood and individual scale, in Crown Heights and reproduces experiences of racial inequality in home and place. Taking an historical materialist approach and drawing on residential oral histories, this study frames these reproductions of racial inequality as always-in-tension with ongoing acts of resistance from Black homeowners, renters, and long-term residents. Specifically, the research explores the conditions under which Black residents of a predominantly Afro-Caribbean neighborhood acquire and maintain—and in some cases lose—their housing and sense of place and belonging. These residents resist the varied tactics of anti-Blackness such as landlord …

In-Work Recovery Among Hybrid Employees: Examining The Relationships Between Stressors, Recovery Experiences, And Strains, Stefanie Larsen

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

There has been a drastic increase in the number of hybrid employees (i.e., employees who work remotely for part of a workweek) since the COVID-19 pandemic. While previous research has highlighted some of the benefits and costs of remote work, research on hybrid work is still in its early stages. One area that remains unclear is how hybrid work relates to stressor experiences and in-work recovery from work. The present study examined how levels of specific stressors (i.e., workload, availability pressure) vary depending on whether employees work remotely or in the office, and how the variations of these stressors across …

Migrant Children And Legislation: Integrating Knowledge About Trauma Into Policy, Yolennys E. Albornoz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study seeks to integrate some knowledge about trauma into migration policies in the U.S. regarding children. Migration is not a novel concept; it is a dynamic phenomenon that experiences continuous changes and constantly increases in numbers. Globally, the United States has been the primary destination for foreign migrants for a long time, and most of them are Latinos who cross the U.S. and Mexico border. Here, I explore how children face trauma in their home country, which forces them to migrate. Also, while they migrate and after they have migrated, exposing the three stages of trauma for migrant children. …

Algorithmic Love: Twenty-First Century Organizations Of The Romantic, Sandra Moyano Ariza

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates the highly computed and accelerated experiences of digital love as well as their cultural and artistic representations in order to shed light on the human and more-than-human entanglements producing the algorithmic love experience. The recent turn to love in critical theory and cultural studies examines how love circulates in neoliberal societies and in the subjective processes of the users, foregrounding the control of populations and the very much lamented “end of love” (Illouz 2019). My study of love supplements the neoliberalist critique of algorithmic love with a posthuman and media theory approach that attends to the material …

Border Confinement And Assistance Markets In Tijuana: Mexican Deportees’ Experiences Of Labor And Violence Between Mexico And The United States, Christian Pacheco-Gómez

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation is an ethnography of deportation and describes how Tijuana’s (Baja California, Mexico) border redevelopment and spatial redesign has impacted in Mexican job seekers’ mobilities, incorporation, and stigmatization after experiencing forced removals from the United States. The dissertation explores three processes interwoven in the deportees’ class experiences of migration and deportation.

First, I trace Mexican job seekers’ trajectories of labor and migratory movement before, during, and after deportation as well as their incorporation stories in Tijuana. Second, I reconstruct the political economy of reception immigrant subjects encounter after being deported from the United States and subjected by Tijuana’s border …