Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Implicit Biases And Attitudes On Decision Making Among Child Protection Workers, Demetria Turnage

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Racial disproportionality remains a historical issue in child welfare systems. It was important for this research to focus on characteristics, professional qualifications, and racial attitudes of those in child welfare decision-making roles to examine how they contributed to racism. To address the gap in the literature, the relationship between years of experience, race/ethnicity, risk of harm, advocacy, racial attitudes, and decision-making among child protection were examined to develop a greater understanding of the ongoing issues and development of reforming the child welfare decision-making process to capture racism among child protection workers. Increasing equality in the child welfare system will benefit …

Message From The Editors, Cole P. Grisham

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

No abstract provided.

Policy Diffusion Among Domestic Political Parties In Multiparty Systems: An Analysis Of Election Manifestos Of Indian Political Parties, Payel Nasrin

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Do political parties adopt each others’ ideas? This research argues that parties are more likely to employ party platforms from electorally successful domestic parties in a multiparty system while seeking public office. Focusing on religious issues as the issue of measurement, I studied 23 election manifestos of 7 political parties that opposed India’s two biggest and historical parties, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and the Indian National Congress (INC), in the state and national elections during the period of 2004 to 2022. I have analyzed the changes made in the manifesto of these parties to gain insight into the influence …

Wasted Space: Using Parking Lots & Vacant Land To Improve Neighborhood Completeness, Ryan Martyn

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

This study conducts a spatial analysis of Portland, Oregon, focusing on leveraging underutilized areas like parking lots and vacant land—termed "wasted space"—to improve the city's completeness. Central to this investigation is the concept of a "complete neighborhood," characterized by access to daily necessities within convenient active transportation trip. This comprehensive idea encompasses walkability, equitable access to services, and sustainability.

This paper aims to redefine the concept of a complete neighborhood with precision and delve into its implications. The research looks at five regional, town, and neighborhood centers as defined by the city of Portland. These centers act as pivotal hubs …

Threats Of Neoliberalism To Western Democracies And The Efficacy Of Neoliberal Critiques, Anis Zaman

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Abstract A neoliberal market-based governance system has engulfed Western democratic societies. Since it surfaced in the 1980s, neoliberalism remained the dominant governing system. The pervasive neoliberal governance logic has become deeply entrenched in our society in ways that make it less democratic. More so, market-based neoliberal dominant economic and political logic has caused a problematic drift in democratic political discourse by turning progressive political forces less progressive. While there is a superficial agreement between neoliberalism and democratic values at a deeper level, the two are in conflict. In contemporary governance practices, we can see the neoliberal takeover in most sectors …

Masthead, Cole P. Grisham

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

No abstract provided.

Policy And Political Participation In Developing Countries: A Review Of The Literature On Sex Workers In India, Bangladesh, And Pakistan, Payel Nasrin

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

This review explores the relationship between political participation and public policy. Existing literature has explored the impact of policies on political participation, yet a predominant focus has been on studies conducted in Western nations. There is a significant gap in the literature when it comes to developing nations, especially concerning marginalized communities. Prostitution is prohibited in Pakistan, legal in Bangladesh, and has partial legal protection in India. This review examines existing literature on the effect of policy on marginalized communities and in these three developing nations that have entirely different laws surrounding prostitution. Given the similarities in electoral systems, history, …

Developing A Social Equity Action Plan: A Pathway Towards Achieving Water Equity In Oregon, Anis Zaman, Wade Hathhorn

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

The Sunrise Water Authority is a public utility serving the City of Happy Valley and surrounding areas of unincorporated Clackamas County. In general, the customers of Sunrise tend to be relatively affluent (by state and federal household income standards) and predominately white, and non-Hispanic by race and ethnicity. Notwithstanding, there are several vulnerable groups within the service population including low-income households, persons of color, children, seniors, immigrants, disabled, and others. Social equity looks to ensure fair and equitable access to public services for all. Following a framework established by the U.S. Water Alliance (known as the ‘3 Pillars’), a preliminary …

Lawfare As A Policy Tool In Sino-American Relations: The Case Of Huawei Cfo Meng Wanzhou, Zachary S. Souders

Hatfield Graduate Journal of Public Affairs

Competition between the United States and China is at an all-time high. Despite decades of diplomacy between the East and West, recent trends suggest the two powers are drifting further apart. To understand US-China relations, it is critical to understand major developments as they occur. This paper examines the geopolitical significance of United States v. Meng (2020), an extradition case in which US authorities requested the transfer of Chinese tech executive Meng Wanzhou to American jurisdiction. Despite US policymakers declaring Meng and Huawei to be threats to national security, the eventual dismissal of all charges Meng faced presents a puzzle …

Towards An Inclusive Media Policy Framework Targeting Adolescents In Egypt, Saja Elgredly

Theses and Dissertations

For years, adolescents have been lost between adulthood and childhood. This is even reflected in the policies that directly affect their lives and well-being. In Egypt, there has hardly been a clear political line on how the media should deal with adolescents. As this age group belongs to childhood, most of the laws and regulations are hardly dedicated to address them despite their different characteristics. Within the Egyptian context, there are children's laws concerned with basic children's rights and other laws that relate to the media. However, we notice a gap in adolescent-friendly laws, policies and regulations, especially in the …

Crafting Lives: Experiences Of Ethiopian Refugees In Cairo, Nayrose S. Abd El-Megid

Theses and Dissertations

There has been an ongoing influx of refugees for years driven by political instability, famine, and prolonged conflicts in the region, leading many individuals to seek sanctuary in other countries. Egypt has become a host country for many years, whether for settlement or transit, for various populations from different nationalities hoping to find refuge. However, amidst this influx, Ethiopian refugees often find themselves overlooked or usually associated on the sidelines with other African nationalities; their stories and struggles are marginalized in broader narratives of displacement. The experience of Ethiopians is heterogeneous and multidimensional in terms of their intersectional identities of …

Tactical Compromises: Authoritarian Survival Mechanisms Of Sudan’S Inqaz Regime (1989-2019), Dalia Abdelnabi

Theses and Dissertations

How did the Inqaz regime survive a civil war, economic crises, mass upheavals, and political stagnation for thirty years? This question guides the study’s analysis of the survival of one of the MENA’s most resilient authoritarian regimes. Authoritarian durability is an adaptive risk-taking process of implementing politically costly plans to survive in power. This research investigates authoritarian survival through power-sharing reforms and coup-proofing tactics. The study highlights the role of the autocratic ruling coalition in maintaining regime durability and argues that intra-elite dynamics are key to understanding an autocrat’s exit without a clear successor. To this end, I investigate the …

Emotionally Stimulated Activism On Tiktok: The Impact Of Exposure To Audiovisual Moral Violation On Collective Action In The “Woman, Life, Freedom” Movement, Laila Abbas

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis unravels new, decentralized mechanisms for mobilization that challenge the traditional understanding of the ‘group-based psychology of collective action.’ By focusing on the Iranian “Woman, Life, Freedom” movement, the study proposes a model that integrates traditional motives for collective action, emotions of different valence, and TikTok audiovisual moral violation stimuli. The proposed model allows for a more complex empirical understanding of the phenomenological experience needed for participation in digital environments. Theoretical assumptions in the current work were guided by the Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA), the Encapsulated Model of Social Identity for Collective Action (EMSICA), and the …

Assessing The Effects Of Climate Change On Vulnerability To Poverty: The Case Of Heat Waves And Construction Workers In Egypt, Rachad Bani Samari

Theses and Dissertations

“Doomsday, humanity’s extinction, the end of days”. Apocalyptic adjectives abound to highlight the danger looming over the planet, as the earth is warming up due to global warming and climate change. The picture painted over the canvas has consistently projected a gloomy image of low-income countries and of the poor. As the earth is gently boiling with heat, low-income groups in the Global South are predicted to be most affected. However, most of such warnings and studies focused on sectors directly dependent on suitable weather conditions such as agriculture, and sea tourism. While the climatic phenomena of heat waves may …

Refugees Insertion And Labor Market Outcomes And: An Analysis Of The Egyptian Context, Salma Ebrahim

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis examines the association between the inflow of refugees to Egypt and labor market outcomes during the period 2012-2018, using data from the Egyptian Labor Market Panel Survey (ELMPS). By applying Difference-in Differences and Probit models, the study compares labor market outcomes between Greater Cairo, characterized by high refugee inflow, and the Suez Canal region, which has a very low inflow. The labor force outcomes analyzed wages, formality and labor force participation. The results indicate that the refugee influx is associated with a decline in wages for both formal and informal workers in the treatment group compared to the …

Cognitive And Affective Information Seeking Barriers Affecting First-Year Students At The Tshwane University Of Technology (Tut), Rirhandzu S. Mhinga, Rirhandzu Sharon Mhinga, Madely Du Preez

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

Introduction. Investigates cognitive and affective barriers caused by uncertainty that affect the information seeking and searching behaviour of first-year students registered at the Tshwane University of Technology, Polokwane campus. These students do not have a background of using academic information resources and systems. Kuhlthau’s Information Search Process (ISP) model and the four levels of information needs identified by Taylor guided this study. The research question that shaped this investigation is, how do feelings of uncertainty affect the information seeking behaviour of first year students?

Methods. A phenomenological research approach was employed in the study. Fifteen first-year students were interviewed. …

Black Superintendents’ Perceptions On The Effectiveness Of Diversity And Equity Professional Development In New Jersey Schools, Tanisha Hinton

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

Providing an accessible and equitable education for all students has been an ongoing process mandated by the Managing for Equality and Equity initiative to close the achievement and opportunity gaps among students. This qualitative study examined Black superintendents' perspectives about the effectiveness and impact of diversity, equity, and inclusive initiatives in majority White staffed school districts in New Jersey. Furthermore, the study explored the perceptions of Black superintendents across different regions of New Jersey to understand if there were significant differences in how DEI initiative was perceived. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 Black superintendents and the data was analyzed …

The Extent That Self-Compassion And Well-Being Predict Burnout In Online Clinical Psychology Phd Students, Tiffany Thompson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Online clinical psychology doctoral students simultaneously experience stressful environments while managing school and life. These stressful experiences can lead to burnout. The concepts of self-compassion and well-being are intertwined with success and burnout. Previous research has indicated that burnout is likely to occur; however, a lack of research has identified specific factors that collectively predict burnout in online clinical psychology doctoral students. Thus, a gap in the current literature regarding burnout using these variables and within clinical psychology PhD students remains to be addressed. This quantitative study investigated the impact of self-compassion and well-being on burnout levels among online clinical …

The Rainbow Wave: Rethinking Lgbtq Representation In Psychedelic-Assisted Therapy Research, Tyler King

University Honors Theses

This thesis critically evaluates the representation and inclusivity of LGBTQ+ populations in psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy (PAT) research from 2000 onwards, amidst the resurgence of interest in psychedelics for mental health treatment. Through a quantitative analysis of published studies, it investigates the prevalence and depth of gender identity and sexual orientation data collection, revealing a significant gap in demographic data pertinent to these populations. This research aims to highlight the ethical and scientific necessity for more inclusive study designs that incorporate the unique psychological experiences and needs of LGBTQ+ individuals. Recommendations are proposed for enhancing inclusivity in research methodologies, including organizational buy-in, …

Differential Effects Of Social Media On Body Esteem: An Ecological Momentary Assessment On Weight Satisfaction And Muscularity Importance, Megan Van Alfen Brown

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated how social media use is related to body esteem (particularly weight satisfaction and muscularity importance) in adolescents. We conducted a 17-day Ecological Momentary Assessment study among 183 adolescents (12–17 years, 58% girls). Each adolescent reported on his/her social media use, weight satisfaction, and muscularity importance four times per day (68 assessments per participant; 6,863 completed in total). Using a person-specific, N=1 method of analysis (Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling), we found that at the between-person level, social media use is not associated with lower satisfaction with one’s weight and greater importance of looking masculine. At the within-person level, …

The Extent That Self-Compassion And Well-Being Predict Burnout In Online Clinical Psychology Phd Students, Tiffany Thompson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Online clinical psychology doctoral students simultaneously experience stressful environments while managing school and life. These stressful experiences can lead to burnout. The concepts of self-compassion and well-being are intertwined with success and burnout. Previous research has indicated that burnout is likely to occur; however, a lack of research has identified specific factors that collectively predict burnout in online clinical psychology doctoral students. Thus, a gap in the current literature regarding burnout using these variables and within clinical psychology PhD students remains to be addressed. This quantitative study investigated the impact of self-compassion and well-being on burnout levels among online clinical …

How Working Women In Healthcare Perceive Public Transportation And Safety, Assaaformbi Bama

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women use public transportation more frequently than do men. However, most of these transportation systems were not constructed with women in mind. Public transportation systems are accountable for securely transporting people to their destinations, as well as upkeeping protective policies to advocate for fearful passengers. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine women’s perspectives on public transportation.The research question guiding this study asked women to discuss their safety experiences and needs related to existing public transportation policy. Cooley’s theory of transportation and Friedman’s public safety theory formed the conceptual framework for this study. Purposeful sampling was used to …

Law Enforcement Agencies’ Policy Impact On Police Officers’ Mental Health And Wellness: A Content Analysis, Na'shayla M. Nelson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Law enforcement officers are available to answer the calls of citizens in the communities they serve. They are required to deal with some of the most horrific and stressful situations imaginable. The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to investigate law enforcement agencies’ policies related to adequate provision of early mental health intervention services for law enforcement officers after critical incidents and those policies’ impact on officer mental health. The focus of this study was on law enforcement agencies’ policies from 34 departments from across the United States. The agencies vary in geographic location and size. The results demonstrate …

Implicit Biases And Attitudes On Decision Making Among Child Protection Workers, Demetria Turnage

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Racial disproportionality remains a historical issue in child welfare systems. It was important for this research to focus on characteristics, professional qualifications, and racial attitudes of those in child welfare decision-making roles to examine how they contributed to racism. To address the gap in the literature, the relationship between years of experience, race/ethnicity, risk of harm, advocacy, racial attitudes, and decision-making among child protection were examined to develop a greater understanding of the ongoing issues and development of reforming the child welfare decision-making process to capture racism among child protection workers. Increasing equality in the child welfare system will benefit …

How Working Women In Healthcare Perceive Public Transportation And Safety, Assaaformbi Bama

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women use public transportation more frequently than do men. However, most of these transportation systems were not constructed with women in mind. Public transportation systems are accountable for securely transporting people to their destinations, as well as upkeeping protective policies to advocate for fearful passengers. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine women’s perspectives on public transportation.The research question guiding this study asked women to discuss their safety experiences and needs related to existing public transportation policy. Cooley’s theory of transportation and Friedman’s public safety theory formed the conceptual framework for this study. Purposeful sampling was used to …

Law Enforcement Agencies’ Policy Impact On Police Officers’ Mental Health And Wellness: A Content Analysis, Na'shayla M. Nelson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Law enforcement officers are available to answer the calls of citizens in the communities they serve. They are required to deal with some of the most horrific and stressful situations imaginable. The purpose of this qualitative content analysis was to investigate law enforcement agencies’ policies related to adequate provision of early mental health intervention services for law enforcement officers after critical incidents and those policies’ impact on officer mental health. The focus of this study was on law enforcement agencies’ policies from 34 departments from across the United States. The agencies vary in geographic location and size. The results demonstrate …

Internalized Binegativity, Alcohol Consumption, And Expectancies Following An Experience Of Binegativity: An Experimental Study, Alexander P. Rivera

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Individuals who identify as bisexual have repeatedly been found to consume alcohol at higherrates than individuals who identify as heterosexual or homosexual and are at greater risk for developing AUD. Per the Minority Stress Model, this heightened risk for bisexuals’ poor alcohol outcomes may be attributed to experiences of bisexual-specific stressors (i.e., experienced binegativity) and beliefs about their own bisexual identity., which have previously been associated with increased alcohol use. To date, however, no studies have examined if experiences of binegativity are associated with changes in internalized binegativity and alcohol outcomes in an experimental design. The current study aimed to …

Classifying Traumatic Brain Injury: Associations With Executive Functioning And Externalizing Behavior, Lauren F. Fournier

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) involves a head injury that is, for some individuals, associated with long-term behavioral difficulties, including externalizing behaviors. The literature on TBI and its links to externalizing is limited in several important ways. First, there is evidence that current classification system of mild, moderate, or severe is imprecise and contains important variation within TBI categories. Second, TBI and externalizing are understudied among high functioning individuals, such as undergraduate students, despite rates of TBI among this population that are similar to those of the general population. Third, while it is theorized that executive functioning deficits explain the association …

History Of Suicidal Behavior And Clozapine Prescribing Among People With Schizophrenia In China: A Cohort Study, Yi Yin, Chen Lin, Lijing Wei, Jinghui Tong, Junchao Huang, Baopeng Tian, Shuping Tan, Zhiren Wang, Fude Yang, Yongsheng Tong, Song Chen, L Elliot Hong, Yunlong Tan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Clozapine is an off-label drug used in most countries to prevent suicide in individuals with schizophrenia. However, few studies have reported real-world prescription practices. This study aimed to explore the association between a history of suicidal behavior and clozapine prescribing during eight weeks of hospitalization for individuals with early-stage schizophrenia.

METHODS: This observational cohort study used routine health data collected from a mental health hospital in Beijing, China. The study included 1057 inpatients who had schizophrenia onset within 3 years. History of suicidal behavior was coded from reviewing medical notes according to the Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale. Information …

The Influence Of Task Process And Task Structure On Transactive Memory Systems And Team Outcomes: A Meta-Regression Analysis, Crystal Fausett

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

In the rapidly evolving landscape of modern work environments, teams remain a foundation for achieving organizational goals. The efficacy of teams often hinges on the presence of Transactive Memory Systems (TMS), a shared cognitive mechanism that facilitates the distribution and retrieval of specialized knowledge within teams. However, gaps remain in understanding the dynamics of how TMS influences team outcomes, especially in the context of varying task structures, task processes, and TMS operationalization. This dissertation introduces a theoretical model where TMS directly influences team outcomes, with task structure, task process, and TMS operationalization acting as moderators. Meta-analytic results indicate positive effects …