Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

A148: Motor Cortices Activation And Gait Performance Of Older Adults During Turning Under Motor-Cognition Dual Task, Yuqi Dong, Yunzhi Wu, Cui Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: The degeneration of neural, skeletal, and muscular systems increases the difficulty of straight walking in older adults. This challenge is further amplified when cognitive dual tasks are added. Turning is a common movement in daily life, with a higher risk of falls compared to straight walking, yet it has been under-researched. This study aimed to explore the effects of motor-cognitive dual tasks on the activation of motor-related cortices and gait performance during turning in older adults, and the correlation between brain activation and gait performance.

Methods: Twenty older participants (68.8±3.3 years) were included. Participants performed two tasks at a …

A154: Myoaav 2a-Mediated Neurturin Improves The Pathological And Motor Function Of Mdx Mice, Yuzhen Mu, Yafeng Song

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Neurturin is a muscle secretory factor mediated by PGC-1α1. Studies have shown that Neurturin has the function of coordinating the integrity of muscle fibers and their motor neurons and improving motor ability. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a neuromuscular disease in which people gradually lose their mobility. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the pathological improvement of mdx mice treated with Neurturin.

Methods: (1) MyoAAV 2A-Neurturin viral tool was prepared by HEK293T three-plasmid system. (2) Three male and three female SPF newborn C57BL/10ScSn mice and six male and six female C57BL/10scsn-Dmdmdx/J mice were used in …

A149: Relationship Between Physical Activity And Mental Health Of Chinese High School Students, Sixin Yang, Lingzhi Wang, Xuefeng Pan

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between physical activity and mental health of Chinese high school students and its mediating mechanism. It aimed to provide relevant empirical evidence for improving the mental health of this group.

Method: A cross-sectional survey of 2,345 high school students in Jiangsu, China, was conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short-Chinese Version, Mental Health Scale for Secondary School Students and School Adaptation Scale for High School Students. After screening and elimination, 2,090 valid data were obtained (51.39% boys, age: 16.45±0.71 years). Non-parametric tests corresponding to the independent samples t-test (Mann–Whitney U test) and …

A156: The Effects Of School-Based Concurrent Training On Body Composition And Cardiorespiratory Fitness In Obese Children, Yuhang Gao, Meng Cao, Minhua Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Objective: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a highly effective form of exercise for the obese population. Concurrent training (CT) is also an effective intervention. Simultaneous training is often in the form of strength combined with aerobic training. Considering the high efficiency of HIIT, this study considered combining HIIT with aerobic training and HIIT with resistance training respectively to form two simultaneous training programs to observe its effects on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in children with obesity.

Methods: Thirty children with obesity [age: (10.1 ± 0.7) years, BMI: (55.0 ± 6.1) kg/m²] were recruited from a primary school …

A158: Research On The Realistic Dilemma And Practical Path Of Chinese Community Sports Park, Yiyang Liao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Objective: As an important part of the national fitness public service system, community sports parks are a key step to promote the successful implementation of the strategy of sports power and healthy China. Since the 14th Five-Year Plan, policies to promote the development of community sports parks have been frequently implemented, but the development and construction of some community sports parks are still not ideal. Therefore, this study examined the existing problems through investigation and research on the current situation of community sports parks, and puts forward targeted solutions to provide a reference for the sustainable development of community sports …

A151: The Monitoring Of Health-Related Indices On Chinese Undergraduates Before, During, After Covid-19: A Correlational Research, Dongxiao Liu, Yanxin Wang, Aowei Zhang, Shijun Gong

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: China, as the first country who suffered the outbreak of COVID-19, reacted quickly to prevent the transmission of the epidemic by lockdown policy. Today, it has been one year since China declared the end of COVID-19. This research intended to explore the real effects of the pandemic on contemporary undergraduate physical fitness by screening and analyzing National Students Fitness Test data, comparing the data before, during, and after COVID-19.

Method: Research has analyzed National Students Fitness Test data in the periods before, during, and after COVID-19 in a Chinese university, discussing the effects of COVID-19 such as the difference …

A153: Virtual Intelligent Sports Equipment: Gender Differences In Consumer Psychology Among College Students, Xinyi Zhu, Shanping Chen, Yuyan Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Virtual Intelligent Sports Equipment (VISE) primarily refers to sports fitness mobile applications. Scholars utilize the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to explore the psychological factors underlying consumption behavior. However, existing research lacks sufficient attention to gender differences. Investigating gender differences is crucial for a deeper understanding of consumer psychology, facilitating the formulation of gender-specific marketing strategies. This study aimed to analyze the consumption psychology of VISE among college students, examining gender differences to provide insights for promoting high-quality development in the sports industry.

Method: Undergraduate students from four universities in northwest China were surveyed, yielding 1,333 valid questionnaires (726 females, …

A162: Meta-Analysis On The Association Between Echo Intensity, Muscle Strength, And Physical Function In Older Individuals, Han Yuan, Maengkyu Kim, Zeng Gao, Tong Zhou

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Ultrasonographic echo intensity (EI) has been used to indicate skeletal muscle quality. Although lower extremity strength decreases significantly more than upper extremity strength during muscle decay with aging, it has yet to be demonstrated whether EI of the whole thigh muscle affects strength, explosive power, and physical function (PF) in older persons. Through a meta-analysis, this study aimed to systematically assess the association of EI, MS, and PF in older adults.

Methods: A systematic approach to searching was performed using Boolean operators on PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and CINAHL up to October 2022. Studies of any design …

A163: Analysis And Prospects Of Youth Sports For The Disabled In China, Ruifeng Ni

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Based on the White Paper on the Development of Sports and Protection of the Rights of the Disabled in China published by the Information Office of the State Council, and referencing the Opinions of the Ministry of Education on Deepening the Integration of Physical Education and Sport and Promoting the Healthy Development of Young People, this paper investigated the current state of sports participation among young people with disabilities in China. It analyzed the challenges hindering its development and proposed solutions.

Methods: This study examined youth with disabilities, their caregivers, and families across five provinces and cities, including Jinhua …

A164: Research On The Matching Of Talent Supply And Demand In China's Sports Industry, Yunxia Ding, Zhejing Ding

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Developing a systematic approach is essential for the sports industry development. Talent optimization plays a crucial part in this process. The present study gathered talent-related data pertaining to China's sports industry between 2015 and 2021.

Method: This study used the structural deviation coefficient model to analyze the supply and demand structural matching of data related to China's sports industry and talents from 2015–2021. The gray prediction model was used to predict and analyze the demand for talents in China's sports industry in the middle and late 14th Five-Year Plan. The participation of relevant subjects in the systematization of the …

A169: Association Between Daily Steps And Frailty In Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis, Lingsong Kong, Pardis Parvizi, Shivangi Bajpai, Amanda Paluch

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Frailty is a significant health challenge for the aging population, increasing vulnerability to adverse health outcomes such as chronic disease, falls, disability, and mortality. Early detection and monitoring of frailty are critical for effectively managing frailty. Daily steps, as a measure of physical activity, hold valuable information about health status and may serve as an indicator of frailty. This study aimed to examine the association between daily steps and frailty in older adults.

Method: PubMed, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases were searched for published studies up to June 2023. The search terms were ("daily step" or "steps per …

A170: Effects Of Exercise On Liver Function And Inflammatory Markers In Nafld Patients: A Meta-Analysis, Siyang Wang, Chunyan Xu, Ye Yue

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition globally, often linked to sedentary behaviors and central obesity. It is characterized by the activation of multiple signaling cascades leading to inflammation, which plays a critical role in the occurrence and progression of NAFLD liver damage. With the absence of targeted pharmacological treatments, lifestyle and dietary adjustments remain primary interventions for many patients. However, the optimal exercise intensity for managing NAFLD remains unclear, with conflicting evidence on its effectiveness in modulating inflammation. This study aimed to clarify the impact of different exercise types and intensities on liver function …

A171: The Effects Of Qigong On Balance And Fall Prevention In Older Adults: A Systematic Review, Rong Zhang, Zilong Fang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Falls are the second leading cause of unintentional injury deaths globally, with approximately 684,000 deaths from falls each year, and older adults are at the highest risk of death or serious injury due to imbalance, with risk increasing with age. Coupled with the accelerating global aging process, the safety of the elderly population due to fall imbalance should be taken seriously. Qigong, one of the classic traditional Chinese exercises, is beneficial for improving the physical fitness of the elderly. However, few studies have reported the effect of Qigong on fall risk in older adults. Therefore, we conducted this systematic …

A172: Performance Of Muscle Explosive And Maximal Strength In Trampoline Athletes At Different Levels Of Competition, Mengzi Sun, Fangtong Zhang, Feng Qu, Xinglong Zhou, Wenhui Mao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: To study the differences in lower limb muscle explosive and maximal strength among trampoline athletes at different levels of competition.

Methods: A total of fifteen trampoline athletes, comprising seven elite and eight non-elite athletes, participated in this project. Lower limb explosive strength was assessed using the countermovement jump (CMJ) test. Maximal strength was evaluated by the MicroFet portable system. The maximal strength of the hip, knee, and ankle were measured and standardized by weight. Independent t-tests were employed to examine the differences between the two groups. Cohen’s d was used to evaluate the related effect size. Small, medium, and …

A168: The Effects Of Physical Activity And Family Environment On Executive Function In Preschool Children, Siyi Zhang, Chunrong Wang, Dongmei Luo, Sha Qu, Xing Zhao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Based on the investigation and analysis of the current situation of physical activity, the family objective environment, and executive function development of children aged 4–6 years, this study analyzed the correlation between the three, so as to explore the influence of family objective environment and physical activity on executive function, and provide a reference for families and kindergartens to formulate effective interventions to improve the level of physical activity and executive function of preschoolers.

Method: A total of 123 preschool children aged 4–6 years old in a kindergarten in Beijing were selected as study participants. The Acti Graph GT3X+ …

A166: Effects Of Mind-Body Exercises On Women Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review And Network Meta-Analysis, Peng Pei, Liqing Zeng, Yan Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world and the leading cause of cancer-related death in women. Mind-body exercise (MBE) is a non-pharmacological and low-intensity multimodal form of exercise with reliable benefits for improving quality of life (QOL) and relieving cancer-related symptoms. Currently, there is a lack of consensus in clinical studies on the optimal form of MBE to improve QOL and cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in BC survivors. Therefore, this network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to quantitatively analyze and rank different MBE interventions for women BC survivors, thereby improving the accuracy and generalization of …

A175: Effects Of Physical Activity Interventions On Physical Fitness In Chinese Preschool Children: A Systematic Review, Jintao Hong, Jingjing Wang, Sitong Chen, Jie Feng

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: The early years are a critical period for the development of health-related physical fitness (PF). National surveillance data showed that PF decreased among Chinese preschool children aged 3-6 years. There is a widespread call for effective physical activity (PA) intervention strategies for this age group. Nevertheless, the depth and breadth of the evidence on such interventions in Chinese preschoolers remains relatively small. Therefore, the present systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of PA interventions on PF in typically developing Chinese young children.

Methods: In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, a …

A167: The Impact Of Physical Exercise On Subjective Well-Being In Elementary Students: A Chain Mediation Model, Xinwei Wu, Mengyue Hu, Youfa Li

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Physical exercise has been recognized for its beneficial effects on emotional states, with previous research highlighting its positive correlation with subjective well-being. However, the pathways through which physical exercise influences subjective well-being remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which physical exercise impacted subjective well-being among elementary school students, analyzing the chain mediating role of peer relationships and depression.

Methods: The study sampled 15,538 fourth-grade students from 312 elementary schools in Taiyuan City, including 7,838 boys (50.5%) and 7,690 girls (49.5%), with an average age of 10.38 ± 0.56 years. Data collection was conducted on October …

A176: Meta-Analysis Of The Effects Of Phototherapy On Sleep Quality Across Different Populations, Zhen Chen, Wenqiang Wu

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Sleep, a fundamental physiological need for humans, significantly impacts an individual's physical and mental health. Phototherapy, a non-pharmacological intervention, has been extensively researched in recent years to improve sleep quality. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the effects of phototherapy on sleep quality across different populations through a meta-analysis, using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index as the outcome measure, thereby providing a scientific basis for improving the population health levels and life quality.

Method: As of March 1, 2024, this study conducted a systematic search of four databases: Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and CNKI. A comprehensive set of inclusion …

A177: Association Between Physical Activity And The Risk Of Depression Among Middle And Older Chinese People, Yunqing Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: Relevant studies have shown that insufficient physical activity (PA) is associated with the risk of depression in middle-aged and elderly populations, but the relationship between different levels of PA and the risk of depression remains unexplored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the relationship between different levels of PA and depression risk among middle-aged and older adults in China.

Methods: The survey data of this study was based on the 2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 13,316 middle-aged and elderly community residents aged 45 years or older with complete values of …

A178: Effect Of Aerobic Exercise Intervention On Anxiety In College Students: A Systematic Review, Yiming Chen, Shengting Dai, Xinming Ye

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: The role of exercise interventions in the treatment of psychiatric disorders is receiving increased attention, and the positive protective effect of aerobic exercise on anxiety symptoms has now been extensively demonstrated. This study aimed to investigate the systematic evaluation of the effects of different aerobic exercise interventions on anxiety symptoms in college students.

Method: Using keywords such as “physical activity,” “anxiety,” and “college students” screened Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published until February 2024 in three databases: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. A total of 5073 studies were retrieved after systematically searching individual databases. After removing duplicate literature, 4112 …

A173: An Experimental Study Of The Effects Of Exercise Intervention On Executive Function In Obese Adolescents, Lingling Hu, Hengchan Yin, Lei Cui, Qiqi Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Executive function (EF) is an important component of cognitive function, referring to a higher-level cognitive process that coordinates and controls various basic cognitive processes when completing complex cognitive tasks. It includes three sub-functions: inhibition, working memory, and cognitive flexibility. Globally, high rates of overweight and obesity remain a public health issue. Previous studies have shown that, compared to adolescents with healthy weight, adolescents with obesity have poorer inhibitory function in EF. In addition, the effectiveness of the exercise intervention is seen in the normal adolescent population as well as in special adolescents with poor EF. However, there have been …

A181: The Realistic Path Of Green Sports To Boost Urban Development, Xinyu Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Green sports is an emerging form of sports that pursues the integrated development and harmonious coexistence of sport, humanities, and ecology. As the interaction between the green sports industry and cities becomes increasingly closer, it is of great practical significance to explore how the development path of green sports can enhance urban development. Green sports have the characteristics of close industrial connection, environmental protection, low carbon, and a huge consumption base.

It can promote the transformation of social, economic, and ecological models of cities by bringing into play the economic vitality, social benefits, and ecological benefits of the green sports …

A180: The Effects Of Weight Control By Hypoxia On Judo Athletes With Hiit, Liying Huang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Purpose: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is recognized as an effective means of fat reduction, and HIIT is also used in the pre-competition weight control of judo. In addition, hypoxic adaptation can reduce blood lipids, maintain exercise capacity, and improve physical function. Therefore, this study explored the effects of weight control by hypoxia on judo athletes with HIIT by observing the changes of body composition, blood lipids, exercise ability and body function, so that to explore an innovative method of weight control pre-competition for judo athletes.

Methods: 12 female athletes of the provincial judo team preparing for the 2023 Guangdong Provincial …

A018: Dual-Process Advantages Of Ball Players In Sport-Related Domains, Xuechen Mao

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Based on a dual-process framework, two qualitatively different modes of processing guide human behaviour. Type 1 processes refer to automatic, unconscious processing that can be responsible for Task 1, while Type 2 processes refer to controlled, conscious processing required by Task 2. Although many existing sport psychology studies emphasize that the dual-process model can be applied to the sports domain, this application has shortcomings. The first debate of this application is whether dual-process advantages in athletes are limited to sport-specific realms. Furthermore, although the dual-process framework pays more attention to automatic processes (Type 1 processes), it loses sight of …

A027: Does Participation In Sports Competitions Enhance Medical Students' Interprofessional Teamwork?, Guochun Liu, Zhiling Shen

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background: Healthcare systems are complex linkages, and efficient interprofessional collaboration is essential to their efficiency, safety, and quality. The ability of medical students to collaborate across professions directly impacts future healthcare delivery practices. Physical education programmes provide a simple and easy way for medical students to develop interprofessional collaboration that can be translated into future team performance in clinical settings. To test the effectiveness of the physical education programme "competition instead of examination" in improving the teamwork ability of medical students.

Method: Using a quasi-experimental intervention design, 188 students were recruited from five classes to complete a teamwork scale consisting …

A047: Research On The Structure And Scale Of Service Quality Of Sports Park, Liping Xu, Zhihua Yin, Jian Wang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

Background/Purpose: Since the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, with the vigorous promotion of China and the provincial and municipal governments, the number of sports parks has shown a continuous positive trend of growth. While accelerating the construction progress, how to improve the service quality of sports parks should become the primary issue that needs to be solved to promote the sustainable and healthy development of sports parks. Therefore, based on the perspective of public demand, this study formed a scientific assessment scale by exploring the specific content structure contained in the service quality of sports parks, to promote the high-quality development …

Biological Validation Of Peak-Width Of Skeletonized Mean Diffusivity As A Vcid Biomarker: The Markvcid Consortium, Alison M Luckey, Saptaparni Ghosh, Chen-Pin Wang, Alexa Beiser, Rebecca Bernal, Zhiguang Li, Djass Mbangdadji, Elyas Fadaee, Haykel Snoussi, Angel Gabriel Velarde Dediós, Hector A Trevino, Monica Goss, Laura J Hillmer, Christopher E Bauer, Adam M Staffaroni, Lara Stables, Marilyn Albert, Jayandra J Himali, Thomas H Mosley, Lars Forsberg, Vilmundur Guðnason, Baljeet Singh, Herpreet Singh, Kristin Schwab, Joel H Kramer, Gary A Rosenberg, Karl G Helmer, Steven M Greenberg, Mohamad Habes, Danny J J Wang, Brian T Gold, Hanzhang Lu, Arvind Caprihan, Myriam Fornage, Lenore J Launer, Konstantinos Arfanakis, Sudha Seshadri, Charles Decarli, Pauline Maillard, Claudia L Satizabal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Peak-width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD), a neuroimaging marker of cerebral small vessel disease (SVD), has shown excellent instrumental properties. Here, we extend our work to perform a biological validation of PSMD.

METHODS: We included 396 participants from the Biomarkers for Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (MarkVCID-1) Consortium and three replication samples (Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology = 6172, Rush University Medical Center = 287, University of California Davis Alzheimer's Disease Research Center = 567). PSMD was derived from diffusion tensor imaging using an automated algorithm. We related PSMD to a composite measure …

The Heroine Among Us: An Analysis Of The Feminine Principle Of The Heroine Archetype In Motion Pictures And Its Implication For Social Discourse, Neldie Gonzales

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores an emerging myth perceived by the rise of the feminine principle in modern society that challenges traditional gender roles. It forms a connection between the heroines seen in film and those in the real-world. It explains how the characteristics of unity, equality and love align to the feminine principle, the acquisition of which defines the archetypal hero along the hero’s journey as described by Joseph Campbell. This work proposes that stories containing this kind of archetypal hero are seeded by the discourse occurring in real-world society. Conversely, it suggests that when viewed by billions of people, blockbuster …

Investigating The Role Of The Estrous Cycle On Memory In Syrian Hamsters, Laura Emma Garcia

Theses and Dissertations

The female reproductive system plays a significant role in cognitive function in humans and animals. For this reason, it is important to study the estrous cycle and memory in the female Syrian hamster as a model to better understand its role on cognition. Like the human female menstrual cycle, the female hamster has inconsistencies and changes in their cycles as they age. Irregular menstrual cycles and the absence of estrogen, the sex hormone necessary for supporting the sexual and reproductive health of a woman, also affect a woman’s brain, including memory (John Hopkins Medicine, 2022). In the present study, we …