Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Dark Side Of International Cooperation: Indifference And The Psychosocial Dynamics Of Cooperative Deterrence, Jamal Barnes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

States are increasingly resorting to international cooperative agreements to deter migrants and refugees from irregularly arriving at their borders. Although scholars have shown how these cooperative deterrence policies are undermining important refugee and human rights protections, making migration journeys more dangerous, and securitizing and criminalizing people on the move, what has not been adequately examined is how these cooperative arrangements can bring about normative changes that produce indifference to the suffering of refugees and migrants. This article examines the psychosocial dynamics of cooperative deterrence policies to show how the social processes of authorization, routinization, evasion of responsibility, and dehumanization weaken …

The Impacts Of Covid-19 Restrictions On Care-Givers Of People With Cognitive Impairment And Their Support Needs: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review, Loretta Baldassar, Thi N. M. Nguyen, Bronte Jones, Catriona Stevens, Lukasz Krzyzowski, Silvia Lozeva, Simone Marino, Maria G. C. Du Plooy, Johanne Eldridge, Osvaldo P. Almeida, Manonita Ghosh

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The COVID-19 pandemic and ensuing restrictions/lockdowns have caused significant physical and psychological consequences for people with cognitive impairment who are heavily dependent on their care-givers. However, little is known about the impact on care-givers, the factors that exacerbate their situation and what supports they need. The aims of this paper are threefold: (a) to examine the impact of COVID-19 physical restrictions on both formal and informal care-givers of people with cognitive impairment; (b) to identify attributing factors influencing this impact; and (c) to recognise their support needs. Further, this paper informs future research, policy and practice. Guided by the Joanna …

The Relationship Between The Mental Health Of Refugee Parents And Their Children: An Investigation Of Australian Longitudinal Data, Katie Tills, Justine Dandy

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

We investigated the relationship between parent and child mental health, including parents’ general psychological distress, among refugees resettled in Australia. We utilised longitudinal data from a sample (N = 602 children and 377 parents) of recently settled refugees from the Building a New Life in Australia Survey). Parent psychological distress and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were measured by the Kessler 6 and PTSD-8, respectively. Harsh and Warm parenting behaviours were also measured to explore the mechanisms underlying the parent-child mental health relationship. Child mental health was measured using the SDQ. Using path analysis, we found that increases in parent psychological …

An Anti-Junk Food Ad From A Sports Commercial Break Reduced Junk Food Consumption Inclinations, Yet Junk Food Ads Had Minimal To No Impact, Ross C. Hollett, Julia Butt, Brennen Mills, Stephanie L. Godrich, Gina S.A. Trapp, Amanda Devine

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: In Australia, there are concerns that unrestricted junk food advertising during sports broadcasts increases short-term junk food consumption among viewers. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate the impact of junk food and anti-junk food advertising on consumption inclinations. Methods: We conducted a content analysis across a sample (N = 16) of Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL) matches to determine the prevalence of junk food and anti-junk food advertising video clips. We also exposed participants (N = 428) to a single randomly selected junk food advertisement or a single anti-junk food advertisement and measured the …

Determinants Of Social Loneliness And Negative Coping Styles Of The Socially Lonely, Mark A. Facey, Craig P. Speelman

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Almost everyone is affected by loneliness at some stage in their lives, and the long-term effects are dire, leading to depression, addiction, and suicide. To date, interventions have focused on external treatments with limited success. In this study, it is argued that underlying antecedents of social loneliness maintain negative behaviour, whereby it becomes chronic and problematic. Four intrinsic antecedents of social loneliness are examined (Secure and Insecure Attachment, Emotional Regulation Problems – Expressive Suppression, Unclear Self-Concept, and Neuroticism) along with negative (Ignoring and Withdrawing) behavioural coping styles. Ninety-six, mainly female (78%), psychology undergraduates were administered a battery of six questionnaires. …

Analysis Of Pre-Service Teachers’ Personal Metaphors About Foreign Language Teaching, Juan Luis De La Montaña Conchiña, Guadalupe De La Maya Retamar, Magdalena López-Pérez

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

This study analyses the characterisation and evolution of the personal metaphors of a sample of 34 trainee foreign language teachers, through a questionnaire of open-ended questions that included asking the participants to make drawings representing the roles of the teacher. Four categories of metaphors were considered for the analysis: behaviourist/transmissive, cognitivist/constructivist, situated, and self-referential. The results indicate that most participants were able to conceptualise their image of the teacher in the form of metaphors. The pre-service teachers’ metaphors represented are mainly cognitivist/constructivist and behaviourist/transmissive. When comparing them before and after the internship in the primary schools, most of them did …

Teaching In Racially Diverse Schools: Towards A Racial Competency Framework, Tebeje Molla, Kerri Garrard, Tim Corcoran

Australian Journal of Teacher Education

Safe learning environments foster the wellbeing, engagement, and educational outcomes of students. To develop resources that enable schools to create safe learning environments, we conducted focus group discussions with teachers and African heritage students in selected public schools in an Australian state. This paper reports insights from our discussions with the school staff. The findings indicate that teachers face ‘relational uncertainty’ in dealing with racial issues impacting their engagement with these students. To address these challenges, we propose a racial competency framework, featuring distinctive dimensions, drivers, and domains. The framework emphasises the need for schools to support racial value awareness, …

Political Brand Transgression: An Expanded Stimuli-Organism-Response (Sor) Framework Perspective, Cheuk Hang Au

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study examines political brand transgression (BT) using the Stimuli-Organism-Response (SOR) framework. It explores how voters and opponents perceive political BT and respond through anti-brand behaviors. Understanding these dynamics is essential for political entities to manage their brand and sustain voter support. Employing a qualitative case study with netnographic practices, this research analyzes perceived political BT by Taiwan’s Democratic Progressive Party, particularly regarding migration policies and unmet domestic promises. It identifies key stimuli—expectation disconfirmation and relationship norm violations—that trigger perceptions of transgression. The findings highlight core belief misalignments and performance failures as common drivers of political BT, leading to voter …

School Infrastructure Procurement By Public–Private Partnership: In The Public Interest?, Leon Benade

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The use of Public–Private Partnerships (PPPs) in the education sector to construct and maintain schools’ infrastructure is under-researched by Educational Studies specialists. This article presents an assay of the use of PPP to procure school facilities, notably in developed contexts, where PPP arrangements are typically a product of the neoliberal privatisation of education. PPP arrangements allow governments to contract private sector partners to finance, design and construct school facilities infrastructure in exchange for state payments. The evaluation is complemented by a critical analysis of the WA Schools Public Private Partnership Project and three published Australian-based case studies. This sets the …

Social Exclusion Of Refugees With A Disability In Australian Society Within The Context Of Healthcare Quality Theory And E-Health, Hossein Adibi

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The phrase social exclusion came to Australia via Britain. Discussion on 'inclusion and exclusion' mainly focus on those individuals and groups living in poverty. Socially excluded occurs as a result of many factors, based on sex, race, ethnic origin, religion, sexual orientation, and disability. Until 2012 people with a disability were excluded from Australian' resettlement programs representing a significant discrimination concern. As a result of strong opposition to this issue, the policy changed in 2012 and the number of refugees with disabilities increased. This in turn led to more ethnic diversity of people with disabilities within NDIS. However, since NDIS …

The Autonomy Paradox, Working From Home And Psychosocial Hazards, Alexis Vassiley, Azadeh Shafaei, Mehran Nejati, Leigh Ann Onnis, Tim Bentley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This article investigates the experience of knowledge workers in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, who worked from home during the COVID-19 pandemic to understand their exposure to psychosocial hazards, specifically: workload and work pace; the work-home interface and social isolation. We explored how the increased autonomy afforded by working from home fitted with workers’ actual experience during the pandemic. Drawing on interviews with 33 NSW remote workers and 19 line-managers conducted in early 2021, this article argues that the increased autonomy afforded to employees by remote work is paradoxical. Many interviewees worked longer hours and experienced work intensification, as well …

Why Do We Pursue The Personal Goals We Do? The Relationships Between Distinct Goal Motives And Subjective Well-Being, Joanne M. Dickson, Vanessa Tan, Christopher D. Huntley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Personal motives drive and energize goal behavior. However, the relationships between distinct goal motives and subjective well-being (SWB) are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate how distinct goal motives related to SWB in a cross-national study. The sample comprised 197 participants (n = 95 Australians; n = 102 Singaporeans). Participants generated their two most important and meaningful idiographic goals that they were currently pursuing. They then completed an accompanying self-report goal motive questionnaire in relation to each listed personal goal, and a measure of SWB. Regression and moderation analyses were conducted. As predicted, relational autonomous motives were significantly …

Desain Dan Konstitusionalitas Penerapan Pilkada Asimetris Di Indonesia, Lalu Aria Nata Kusuma

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

The idea of implementing asymmetric regional elections (Pilkada) in Indonesia is not a new concept. However, to date, there has been no effort to provide a design for the implementation of Pilkada in an asymmetric manner, considering the specific needs of each region and its alignment with the 1945 Constitution. This article aims to implement Pilkada in an asymmetric manner by first mapping the asymmetry models of each region based on their specific needs. This research uses a doctrinal and socio-legal approach. The results of this research indicate a need to implement Pilkada asymmetrically in Indonesia. This urgency arises due …

Digital Constitutionalism: Resistensi Kebebasan Berpendapat Di Indonesia Dalam Hegemoni Algoritma Ruang Digital, Yuniar Prehatini, Linda Noviana Mita Devi

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Era digital membawa transformasi dalam segala aspek kehidupan. Perkembangan teknologi menghadirkan perkembangan zaman pada sisi positif dan negatif dimana penggunaan ruang digital yang dapat diakses tanpa batasan wilayah. Kebebasan diartikan melalui teknologi dengan adanya akses ruang digital memberikan kemudahan akses kepada siapa pun. Melalui algoritma digital, segala hal baik dari aspek budaya, politik, maupun ekonomi dapat diketahui sehingga hal ini juga dapat menimbulkan keresahan apabila tidak diatur batasan akan keberadaannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian normatif yang fokus pada analisis terhadap norma, asas, doktrin, dan teori hukum yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan hak asasi manusia di ruang digital. Hasil penulisan ini menunjukkan …

Collaborative Governance In Practice: Evaluating Intergovernmental Relations Through The Santa Clara County Healthy Cities Initiative, Astrid J. Robles

Master's Projects

In the United States, intergovernmental relations (IGR) is rooted in the principles of American federalism, which focuses on the constitutional power dynamics between national, state, and local governments. While federalism outlines the structural framework, IGR specifically focuses on how federal, state, and local governments interact administratively, financially, and politically within the federal system. Beginning in the 1960’s, governments across the U.S. began to rely on non-governmental and private sector organizations for program implementation (Boyd & Fauntroy, 2000). This shift gave rise to the concept of collaborative governance, which expanded the scope of IGR by incorporating traditionally excluded groups from the …

Equity In Public Budgeting: Community Engagement In Morgan Hill, Ariana Perez

Master's Projects

Through this research, I will examine what citizen participation strategies have been implemented and their role and effectiveness in addressing wealth inequities. My research will explore these topics and examine what programs and policies the City of Morgan Hill can implement to increase residents' sense of belonging and ultimately push for greater social equity. My primary research question is, what are the programs and policies that the City of Morgan Hill can implement to engage immigrant communities, specifically Spanish-speaking residents, and low-income residents in shaping decisions around public investments and funding? This project will serve as a needs assessment to …

Math And Aftermath: Impacts Of Unbundling A Large Journal Package On Researcher Perceptions And Behavior, Kizer S. Walker, Adam Chandler, Caitlin Finlay, Gabriela Castro Gessner, Tobi Hines, Jesse Koennecke, Susan Kendrick, Leah Mcewen, Jacob Sayward, Henrik W.W. Spoon

Articles

This study seeks to understand the effects on researchers’ work at a large research university in the wake of the university library’s shift from a near-comprehensive journals package with a single, large publisher to a selective list of individual journal subscriptions. Analyzing historical journal usage, along with turnaway and interlibrary loan trends from the years following the changes, the authors made use of structured interviews with local researchers to bring context and meaning to the quantitative data. The interviews highlighted researchers’ strategies for gaining access to literature in their fields to which the library does not subscribe, and revealed assumptions …

Governing Intelligence: Singapore’S Evolving Ai Governance Framework, Jason G. Allen, Jane Loo, Jose Luna

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

This paper provides an outline analysis of the evolving governance framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Singapore. Across the Singapore government, AI solutions are being adopted in line with Singapore’s “Smart Nation Initiative” to leverage technology to make impactful changes to the nation and the economy. In tandem, Singaporean authorities have been assiduous to release a growing number of governance documents, which we analyse together to chart the city-state’s approach to AI governance in international comparison. Characteristics of Singapore’s AI governance approach include an emphasis on consensusbuilding between stakeholders (particularly government and industry but also citizens) andvoluntary or “quasi” regulation, …

Financial Regulation, Aurelio Gurrea-Martinez, Nydia Remolina Leon

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Analysis Of Artificial Intelligence Regulation: Implications For Singapore, Cheng Kit Kit Pang

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

In relation to artificial intelligence (“AI”) regulation, Singapore presently adopts a wait-and-see approach, refraining from implementing any hard regulation before 2026. This article is directed at making recommendations for Singapore’s future AI hard regulation and conducts a comparative analysis of the hard AI regulation in the EU, the People’s Republic of China (“China”) and South Korea. This article draws lessons specifically from Asian jurisdictions with similar socio-legal and commercial considerations. In particular, China and South Korea are at the forefront, actively pushing for hard regulation. Key takeaways include the potential drivers for a shift towards hard regulation, the scope and …

Principals And The Careless Erosion Of Employment Standards In The Context Of School Autonomy And Marketisation: A Case Study Of School Support Staff, Brad Gobby, Jill Blackmore, Scott Eacott, Amanda Keddie, Katrina Macdonald, Richard Niesche, Jane Wilkinson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Devolved governance, school autonomy and marketisation impact the employment practices of schools and the working conditions of teachers. However, the employment-related effects on school services staff are under-researched. This study draws on data from interviews with staff at one public high school to analyse school services staff experience of school autonomy and the employment practices of principals in the context of competitive education markets. This case study illustrates how a principal's management of employment and labour relations in a school experiencing declining enrolments and reduced resources impacted the labour and working conditions of school services staff. We argue that the …

Where Are The Alcohol Advertising Hotspots Near Schools?, Joelie Mandzufas, Karen Lombardi, Robyn S. Johnston, Alexia Bivoltsis, Justine Howard, Paula Hooper, Gina Trapp

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Issue Addressed: Physically locating liquor stores near schools can strongly influence the chances of youth accessing and consuming alcohol, and may also increase children's exposure to alcohol advertising. Investigating the association between the presence of a liquor store near a school and the prevalence of outdoor alcohol advertising is crucial from a policy perspective, as it can inform future regulations on the placement of liquor stores and outdoor advertising near educational institutions. Methods: All outdoor alcohol advertising within a 500 m radius (audit zone) of 64 randomly selected schools from local government areas across metropolitan Perth was identified by direct …

Examining The Link Between Food And Alcohol Disturbance And Alcohol-Related Sexual Behavior: Does Body Esteem Moderate The Relationship?, Jamie D. Martin

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Food and alcohol disturbance (FAD) is a behavior pattern that involves calorie restriction and/or compensation in the context of alcohol use (Choquette et al., 2018). FAD comprises of four dimensions (alcohol effects, bulimia, dietary restraint and exercise, and restriction) The present study aimed to examine the dimensions of FAD in relation to alcohol-related sexual behavior (ARSB) among college undergraduates. Additionally, a moderation variable, body esteem (weight esteem and appearance esteem), was included to determine if the correlation between FAD and ARSB was strengthened if one experienced low weight or appearance esteem. In total, this study included 434 undergraduate students enrolled …

The Role Of Mentoring In Combating Racism And Sexism In Higher Education As A Blueprint For Other Historical Institutions In The United States, Michelle R. Gherardi

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Racism and sexism create a bottleneck to advancement for women in higher education.

This qualitative study and dissertation investigate the role of mentoring in combating racism and sexism in higher education in the United States as a blueprint for other historical institutions. Twenty-six women of color in four categories (presidents/provosts/chancellors, deans of law and medical schools, vice presidents of diversity, equity, and inclusion/student affairs, and graduate students) of higher education were interviewed to explore their experiences with racism, sexism, and mentor relationships. Findings demonstrate all but one participant (96%) disclosed racial victimization in higher education, all participants (100%) disclosed sexist …

Extended (Re)Producer Responsibility: Child Support, Demographics, And Global Sustainability, Michael R. Rosenthal

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

Child support laws are common among most contemporary societies, yet correlational research on the demographic effects of child support remains sparse. Using a variety of nonparametric statistical tests, this dissertation compares the child support policies of 91 nations against 30 social, economic, health, and environmental variables from global public datasets. Mann-Whitney and median tests reveal that nations with robust child support systems—equipped with a high number of enforcement mechanisms, a designated administrative agency, and/or a public child support assurance program—are associated with lower unintended pregnancy and abortion rates, lower infant and maternal mortality rates, and better gender equality indicators. While …

What Relationship Does Social Media Have To Political Participation And Voting Behavior In Adults Aged 18-25 In The State Of Kansas?, Nicholas E. Ladish

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

During the past two decades, the rise of social media has a significantly impacted the lives many individuals in the United States. This is particularly true of young adults between the ages of 18-25 years old. The rapid growth of various social media platforms has given rise to the sharing and exchange of information and ideas in a way that has not previously existed.

This qualitative research study used survey questionnaires, as well as semi-structured interviews to explore both the positive and negative impact, as well as the role of social media when it comes to influencing political affiliation, behavior, …

Collaborative Governance: Promoting Farmland Ownership Among Racial Minorities In Maryland, Jared T. Meacham

West Chester University Doctoral Projects

This study aimed to understand how Collaborative Governance processes have been used to promote farmland ownership among racial minorities in Maryland. The ownership of farmland within the state of Maryland has been influenced by historical, political, and social dynamics, specifically those pertaining to racial and cultural minorities. The study attempted to gain clarity on this topic by incorporating a mixed-methods research methodology that included narrative interviews and an online survey. Over 200 potential participants were identified using internet-based sourcing, including personal websites, social media pages, and farming-related publications. However, only five participants completed the narrative interview portion of the study, …

Does Friend Groups’ Co-Rumination Explain Depression Homophily Among Undergraduate Women's Friendship Groups?, Alyssa D. C. Klas

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The transition to college is a period known for changes in social support and increases in depression risk. Undergraduate women are particularly vulnerable to developing internalizing symptoms like depression in response to relational stressors and social norm pressures associated with college life. Co-rumination, defined as excessive and ongoing discussion about problems and emotionally distressing topics, both fosters connection and intimacy between friends and increases risk of depressive symptoms. Thus, relationships that are typically seen as buffers from depression may, paradoxically, contribute to risk when support-seeking becomes maladaptive. Most research on co-rumination’s effects is limited to friendship dyads. However, within larger …

Success Is A Journey, Not A Destination: The Student Library Assistants Of Georgia (Slags) At G. W. Carver School In Richmond Hill, Georgia, 1960-1968, Christopher C. Elkins

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation examines two chapters of Black education in Georgia that have been largely ignored in the study of curriculum and educational history, namely the George Washington Carver School located in Richmond Hill, Georgia and the Student Library Assistants of Georgia (SLAGS) that existed statewide in many Black schools. G.W. Carver School, built in 1939 and funded by automaker Henry Ford, is mentioned briefly in multiple works that either relate to Ford or cover the general history of Richmond Hill. Utilizing oral history and archival documents, this study emphasizes the significant contribution the SLAGS program made to students at G. …

Barriers To Seeking Medical Care And Their Effects Among Fat Patients With A Fat Liberation Praxis In The United States, Christina Seiko Cook

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

Weight stigma and weight bias have significant effects on the health of individuals (Alberga et al., 2019; Pearl, 2018; Puhl & Heuer, 2010; Schwartz et al., 2003; Udo et al., 2016). These biases can show up in the form of fatphobia or anti-fat bias. Physicians who hold anti-fat bias can affect their relationship with their patients, leading to poorer health outcomes and worse patient experiences for larger-bodied and fat people (Phelan et al., 2015). The purpose of this study is to contribute to the current literature regarding the positive and negative experiences of fat patients with a fat liberation praxis …