Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Constructing A Scale For Self-Disclosure Among University Students (Short Version), Mariam H. Allahyani Prof.

International Journal for Research in Education

The current research aimed to develop a shortened version of the self-disclosure scale. The scale was applied to several samples to ensure the availability of psychometric properties. It was also applied to a stratified random sample consisting of (408) male and female students from Umm Al-Qura University to determine their level of self-disclosure. The results showed that the scale has good psychometric properties, as the exploratory factor analysis showed that the scale consists of (11) items that saturate one factor, and the percentage of total explained variance reached (52.1%). The results of the confirmatory factor analysis also showed the availability …

Mental Health Quality Of Women Employees At The University Of Sharjah, Bushra Alakashee Prof., Fatima A. Algharbawi Dr.

International Journal for Research in Education

This study examines the quality of mental health among 200 female employees at the University of Sharjah—teaching and administrative—during the academic year 2023–2024. The Ryff Model of Psychological Well-Being was applied using the Ryff scale with six dimensions: self-acceptance, positive relations with others, personal growth, purpose in life, environmental mastery, and autonomy. Tool validity and reliability were confirmed statistically. Findings indicate generally high mental-health quality; autonomy ranked highest among the six domains, whereas a relative weakness appeared in self-perception. Significant differences were observed by years of service (1–5, 6–10, ≥11), by marital status (single, married, widowed, divorced), and by work …

Knowledge And Use Of Teachers Of Students With Intellectual Disabilities For Universal Design For Transition, Sarah Khaled Alfawzan Dr.

International Journal for Research in Education

The present study aimed to identify teachers of students with intellectual disabilities knowledge and Use of Universal Design for Transition (UDT) in intellectual education programs. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher yielded the descriptive research, and the questionnaire was used as a tool to collect data, as the study sample consisted of (270) male and female teachers of students with intellectual disabilities in the middle and secondary school. The results indicated that the level of knowledge of teachers of students with intellectual disabilities about UDT was at a high level. The results also indicated that the level …

Bottled Water, Daniel Jaffee

Sociology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Bottled water has transformed from a niche product into the most-consumed packaged beverage worldwide. This commodity is linked to broader struggles over human rights and social justice, the question of who owns nature, and the future of public goods. Bottled water's negative environmental externalities include high energy and carbon footprints and major plastic waste pollution caused by disposal of hundreds of billions of single-serving plastic bottles. These dynamics have generated oppositional movements that are both contesting bottled water consumption and resisting the industry's extraction of groundwater. Recent scholarship emphasizes bottled water's impacts on public tap water and its relationship to …

E-Cigarette Use And Its Associated Factors Among Pregnant Individuals Who Currently Or Formerly Smoked Cigarettes From Romania, Rana Jaber Phd, Oana M. Blaga, Marina Dascal, Cristian Meghea

Faculty Articles, Papers, and Other Scholarship

Abstract

Background and objective: Electronic cigarettes use among pregnant individuals who currently or formerly smoked cigarettes was not previously examined in Romania. This study aimed at measuring the prevalence of ever using e-cigarette and its associated factors in a sample of pregnant individuals in Romania who currently or formerly smoked cigarettes. Design: Cross sectional study from formative and baseline phases of a randomized control trial. Methods: This study utilized data from a Randomized control trial (RCT) that was conducted between 2016 and 2019 in Romania. Data was collected via structured questionnaire at formative stage and was self-administered through the study …

Lindenwood Digest, October 29, 2025, Lindenwood University

Lindenwood Digest

The Lindenwood Digest has been a digital employee newsletter since 2009.

Why Aren’T More People Calling 988 For Mental Health Crises?, Michiko Ueda, Colleen M. Heflin, Yanhong Liu, Qingyi Yu, Seethalakshmi Ramanathan

Center for Policy Research

When someone is in a mental health crisis, calling 911 has long been the default response. However, 911 call centers are not well-equipped to handle mental health emergencies, and law enforcement dispatch can result in unnecessary arrests, hospitalizations, or crisis escalation. The 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline launched in 2022 is a free, confidential alternative, yet awareness remains low and misconceptions persist. Using data from a 2024 national online survey of nearly 1,900 U.S. adults ages 18-50, this brief summarizes findings about awareness of 988, willingness to use it, and concerns about the service. Results show that only 22% of …

Political Turbulence And Aviation Safety: A Cross-National Analysis Of Political Stability's Effects On Aviation Accidents, Léa Faure, Lilliam Maria Cáceres Malachowski

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

To what extent does political stability affect aviation safety? This research aims to link domestic political conditions and public safety through the consideration of aviation accident frequency. Political instability can indeed have profound effects on reducing overall public safety in a variety of domains through its influence on public policies. Reduced regulations and governance efforts can appear in contentious contexts for less-prioritized fields. This could influence the reemergence of technical aviation risk factors like crew training and performance, maintenance issues, infrastructure problems, human errors, etc. This would highlight a correlation between such political instability and weaker aviation safety regulations, investments …

The Emotional Landscape Of Aviation Pilots: Analysis Of Online Professional Forums Using Natural Language Processing, Adrienne S. Renwick, Leo Gonzalez, Charles L. Silber, Alyson Mullen, Cass Dykeman, Adam Stewart, Jennifer C. Ross, James Geisler

Journal of Aviation/Aerospace Education & Research

This study investigated burnout related to emotions in three categories of pilots: commercial passenger, commercial cargo, and military. While pilot burnout has been previously studied, challenges in self-reporting limit understanding. This study extends previous research by analyzing pilots' anonymous online forum posts to gain insight into burnout-related emotions. Natural Language Processing was conducted with the RoBERTa-base-go_emotions model, which analyzed 1,130,530 online forum posts from commercial passengers, commercial cargo, and military pilots for 27 emotion categories and one absence of emotion category (i.e., neutral). An exploratory composite score reflecting burnout-related emotional expression omnibus burnout score was calculated using seven burnout-related emotions …

Local Journalist Equivalents (Ljes) In The Mountain West, 2025, Taylor Volk, Anthony Arroyo, Yiselle Olivas Ruiz, Olivia K. Cheche, William E. Brown Jr.

Economic Development & Workforce

This fact sheet presents 2025 data on Local Journalist Equivalents (LJEs) for the Mountain West states of Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. The data are derived from the Muck Rack report “Local Journalist Index 2025,” which includes data on LJEs for states and counties across the U.S. This fact sheet highlights state-level LJE data among Mountain West states, as well as LJE data for the following 17 Nevada counties: Carson City, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander, Lincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, and White Pine.

Police–Public Trust: Toward A More Complete Perspective, Richard A. Wise, Roger C. Mayer, Scott M. Mourtgos

Faculty Publications

Most discussion of the police–public relationship focuses on the public’s lack of trust in police. Our research suggests that police trust in the public is another important factor in this relationship and that addressing trust concerns on both sides may improve it. We conducted two studies of police trust in the public. The results suggested that the more police trust the public, the more constructive risks they take in performing their jobs. Based on our results, we highlight the importance of reciprocity and attempting to simultaneously increase both police and public trust to improve their relationship. Measures developed for these …

Does Motor Skill Competence Influence Physical Activity Behavior? Focusing On Sport-Specific Skills, Yubing Wang, Yaogang Han, Pan Li, Bin Zhang

International Journal of Physical Activity and Health

The purpose of this study was to investigate the widely held belief that motor skill competence positively affects physical activity behavior (PA), considering the task-specific nature of motor skill competence and the context-specific nature of PA. Specifically, we examined the effects of students’ jump rope (JR) and basketball (BB) competence on their PA in six contexts. A total of 134 sixth grade students participated in this study. All variables were assessed using appropriate tools. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to address the research questions. Students’ JR competence did not significantly influence their PA in either JR-related or …

An Economic Impact Analysis Of Rx Kids In Flint, Michigan, Timothy J. Bartik, Brad J. Hershbein, Iryna V. Lendel, Sevrin Williams

Reports

No abstract provided.

How Social, Behavioral, And Policy Factors Impact Water Satisfaction And Management In Urban Areas, Rafi Haikal, Thoriqi Firdaus, Siti Hilya Nabila, Rizqi Shafira Chairunnisa

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

The issue of water management in Indonesia’s specific urban contexts, specifically in Surabaya as an industrial hub and Bali as a tourist destination, is of paramount importance due to its impact on public health and environmental sustainability. This study analyses water management and conservation factors by comparing two distinct urban areas. The research design employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), which involves a specialised approach for analysing the complex relationships between variables. The results of the analysis indicate that community attitudes in Surabaya, facilitated by infrastructure and technology, significantly predicts intention to perform (β=0.334, p<0.001) and water management satisfaction (β=0.409, p<0.001). In contrast, collaboration with the government enhances environmental constraints (β=0.285, p<0.003) and water management satisfaction (β=0.140, p<0.044). In Bali, where water management is based on traditional practices, community attitudes do not significantly affect water management satisfaction (β=0.095, p>0.431). Still, perceived …

Examining The Evolution Of Coaches Issues In Interscholastic Sport, Tyler J. Ratts, Eric W. Forsyth, Zachary C. T. Evans, James E. Johnson, Michael Fraina, Warren A. Whisenant

Global Sport Business Journal

Central to interscholastic athletic programs are coaches who directly affect the developmental outcomes experienced by student-athletes through their participation (Blanton et al., 2024; Grant, 2024; O’Boyle, 2014). Forsyth et al. (2022) analyzed the key issues perceived by athletic administrators to affect the coaching position, with Coaches Education rated as the single most important issue and Finding Coaches and Retaining Coaches also deemed to be of very high importance. Over time, the coaching role has continued to evolve, as increased role demands (Ratts, 2025), changing stakeholder expectations (Johnson et al., 2019; Stoffer et al., 2021), and growing burnout and turnover (Martin …

The Athlete’S Nil Playbook: The Complete Guide To Owning And Profiting From Your Name, Image, And Likeness, Kelly Brummett

Global Sport Business Journal

This review discusses The Athlete's NIL Playbook: The Complete Guide to Owning and Profiting from Your Name, Image, and Likeness. Though aimed at high school and college students and their parents, the book is a practical guide for anyone interested in learning more about and navigating the Name, Image, and Likeness (NIL) marketplace. With examples from current and former student-athletes' lived experiences, Dosh offers guidance for developing a personal brand, contacting sponsors, and seeking NIL opportunities beyond social media marketing. In addition, Dosh shares her legal experience to highlight potentially one-sided contract terms and key questions to ask before signing …

Justifying The Opposite: A Pedagogical Reminder For Those Teaching Financial Ratio Analysis, William H. Sackley, Roger T. King

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Although introductory finance texts may be clear and instructors may be thorough, students often exhibit an extremely superficial understanding of financial ratio analysis upon leaving their introductory classes. We find that students’ understanding can be enhanced by requiring them to justify why the opposite of their initial impression of a financial ratio may be correct. Thus, students – or other analysts – may be too quick to judge whether the value of a particular financial ratio is “good” or “bad.” This approach requires little additional classroom time, yet seems to create a better understanding of the interrelated financial variables comprising …

An Endogenous Measure Of Class Participation, E. Anthon Eff

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Peer assessments can provide valuable information to instructors who are assigning class participation scores. Student peer assessments bring their own problems, however, including grade inflation and variation in the quality of assessments across students. This paper addresses these problems by employing an endogenous measure of class participation, which dampens the influence of poor quality information and makes the evaluation fairer, since it weighs more heavily the opinions of classmates that students respect. The technique is employed on example data from an undergraduate seminar course, and the results are evaluated. The technique is shown to be incentive-compatible.

Evaluating College Teaching Performance: The Case Of Principles Of Economics Classes, Joachim Zietz, Mark L. Wilson, Howard H. Cochran Jr.

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The paper suggests a methodology to remove potential bias from performance evaluations, which may arise, for example, if those being evaluated cannot control key factors that affect their performance score. The methodology is illustrated for the case of instructors’ teaching evaluations in principles of economics classes at a large comprehensive university. Standard student evaluations and the results of an end-of-term test of student knowledge are adjusted for student and class characteristics using simple regression techniques. In addition, student evaluations are adjusted for grade inflation. The results of the suggested methodology are compared to those derived from the common evaluation method …

Labor Markets In The Classroom: Marginal Revenue Product In Major League Baseball, Craig A. Depken Ii, Dennis P. Wilson

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper presents an easily understood example of a labor market that is useful in introducing how wages and rents are determined, using professional baseball as the context. The mechanics of a competitive labor market are outlined and an empirical analysis of the major league baseball (MLB) labor market is described. An example out-of-class exercise investigating how salaries are determined is also presented. Additionally, sample topics are provided for in-class discussion at various levels of undergraduate economic instruction.

Distance Delivery In Economics: Faculty Perspectives, Joseph A. Farinella, Bradley K. Hobbs, H. Shelton Weeks

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Although a large number of colleges and universities have begun offering economics courses utilizing distance learning, limited empirical evidence has been presented on how economics faculty perceive this medium. We address this weakness in the literature by conducting a survey of academic members of the Economics professorate and examining their perceptions and attitudes toward distance learning. Specifically, we solicited information on current offerings using distance technology, the willingness of faculty to teach via distance delivery, perceived suitability of various economics courses for distance delivery, the degree to which requisite distance delivery technologies are used by faculty, and perceived stakeholder demand …

Drivers Of Policy Support And Political Consumerism Behavior Among Water Recreationists, Mina Kim

Proceedings of the Recreation Experience Community Network Research Symposium

Individuals who engage in water-based recreation share a distinct bond with water quality due to their direct contact with aquatic environments during leisure activities. Increasing concerns about water quality have led to a rise in research exploring how environmental conditions and perceived risks shape environmental attitudes and conservation actions. However, it remains uncertain whether water recreationists extend their conservation efforts beyond those directly tied to their activities. To explore this issue, the present study investigates whether water-based recreationists in South Carolina support more stringent water management policies and engage in political consumerism behaviors, such as boycotting and buycotting. Data were …

The Random Lottery Mechanism As An Academic Incentive, Calvin Blackwell

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

The author shows the benefits of using the random lottery mechanism as a pedagogical tool. The mechanism’s primary advantage is to provide students an incentive to work additional problems without increasing the amount of homework the teacher must grade. In addition, this mechanism encourages in-class participation and can generate discussion of mechanism design.

The Effectiveness Of Using Electronic Slides To Teach Graphical Economic Concepts, Charles Kroncke, Lynnette Smyth

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Quiz results demonstrate that one-time exposure to learning graphical material from electronic slides produces no statistically significant advantage over exposure to the same material presented with “chalk and talk”. Previous electronic slide experience is not a significant explanatory variable for students who were exposed to the material via chalk. However, prior exposure to slides is the only significant variable influencing quiz grades for those students who were tested on material presented with electronic slides. The instructional benefits of using electronic slides in any course are not confined to that course but extend to other classrooms that likewise utilize this technology.

Does Macro/Micro Course Sequencing Affect Student Performance In Principles Of Economics Courses?, Andy Terry, Ken Galchus

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Using a sample of 870 students in the College of Business at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, we look at the question of whether and to what extent Macro-Micro course sequencing affects student performance in principles of economics. We find that the optimal sequencing involves having students take the two principles of economics classes concurrently. In addition, consistent with most prior research, we find that grade point average, major, and to some extent ethnicity and gender are significantly related to performance in one or both of the principles of economics classes.

Enhancing Economics And Finance Learning Through Automated Grading Of Spreadsheet Exercises, Douglas M. Kline, Thomas Janicki

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

Instructors of undergraduate courses in economics and finance as well as other business school courses are increasing turning to spreadsheet applications to reinforce concepts presented in the classroom. As the number of exercises increases in these courses the grading and management of the assignments become an overwhelming burden. This teaching note discusses five techniques that were implemented to increase the number of learning exercises, while decreasing the instructors grading time and the opportunity for plagiarism. The key success factor was to implement an automatic grading program for Microsoft Office products reducing grading timing and plagiarism while increasing objectivity in the …

A Pedagogical Note On The Derivation Of Option Profit Lines, Hassan Shirvani, Barry Wilbratte

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper presents a simple graphic method of deriving profit lines for complex option strategies which obviates the need for numerical calculations used in finance textbooks. Having mastered the underlying profit lines associated with simple option and stock investments, students can derive profit lines for complex strategies by following two simple graphic addition rules proposed in this paper. While these rules appear in elementary math books, most finance textbooks either ignore them completely, or apply them only implicitly without explaining their derivation. The result is that the teaching of option profit lines tends to become an unnecessarily arduous exercise.

What We Should (Not) Teach Students About Interest Rate Determination, T. Windsor Fields, William R. Hart

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

There are two general approaches to interest rate determination--Liquidity Preference and Loanable Funds. The standard textbook treatment usually presents these two approaches as if they were two ways of doing the same thing. Textbook authors then switch back and forth between the two approaches depending on which seems better suited for the problem at hand. We argue in this paper that the choice between these two approaches does matter. You simply can’t have it both ways—either the interest rate is determined in the money market or in the loanable funds market, but not both.

Improving The Coverage Of The Dupont Approach Of Financial Analysis In Finance Courses Through The Use Of The Net Leverage Multiplier, Robert J. Angell, Betty L. Brewer

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

This paper points out a deficiency in the coverage of the DuPont system of financial analysis in most finance textbooks and provides an alternative that more accurately aligns the analytical measures to the factors affecting a firm’s return on equity. Furthermore, we analyze data on firms to determine the extent to which the recommended alternative differs from the “standard” measures.

Enhancing Clarity And Completeness Of Basic Financial Text Treatments On Operating Leverage, Halil Kiymaz, Robert Hodgin

Journal of Economics and Finance Education

We review degree of operating leverage (DOL) discussions from nine current elementary finance textbooks and note incomplete treatments. We argue that textual discussions on DOL could aid the beginning student’s understanding by noting, in addition to fixed costs, the impact of other variables (unit variable costs, unit price, short-run output level). We further suggest that complete treatments should reference how the DOL measure fits into the larger business risk context, point to management’s role in influencing selected DOL variables as business risk parameters, and mention the measurement discontinuities of DOL at breakeven and profit maximizing output levels.