Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Les Mineurs Non Accompagnés Et L'Inhospitalité Française: Les Facteurs Qui Exacerbent Le Désespoir D’Une Population Vulnérable, Norah Deming

CISLA Senior Integrative Projects

No abstract provided.

Cpaf Updates Vol. 22 No. 1, Stella Concepcion R. Britanico, Samantha Geraldine G. De Los Santos

CPAf Updates

In this issue:

• CPAf marks 23-year milestones by honoring partners, staff members, 1
• VC Bello presents end-of-term report, 6
• CISC researcher receives UPLB Basic Research Grant, 7
• New staff, 7

Enhancing Organic Agricultural Inputs Sector From A Policy Lens: Insights From Rice And Vegetable Producing Regions, Maria Francesca O. Tan, Dulce D. Elazegui, Agnes R. Chupungco, Miriam R. Nguyen, Maria Christina A. Alvarez

CPAf Policy Brief

This Policy Brief is based on the research project entitled “Production and Market Systems of Organic Agricultural Inputs in Major Organic Rice and Vegetable Producing Provinces in the Philippines.” The project was conducted by the College of Public Affairs and Development (CPAf), University of the Philippines Los Baños (UP Los Baños) with funding from the Department of Agriculture - Bureau of Agricultural Research.

Adaptive Task Allocation In Automated Vehicles, Skye Taylor, Bin Hu, Jing Chen

Psychology: Interdisciplinary Research in Behavioral Sciences of Transportation Issues

Adaptive task allocation is used in many human-machine systems and has been proven to improve operators’ monitoring and/or performance with automated systems. However, there is little knowledge surrounding the benefits of adaptive task allocation in automated vehicles. In this study, participants were presented with media depicting driving scenarios of both low and high workload at two levels of automation. The participants reported which tasks they felt comfortable allocating to themselves or to the automated system in each driving scenario, as well as whether they would conduct the task allocation manually or have the automated system automatically allocate the tasks. The …

Ethics Or Self-Preservation? An Online Study Examining Driver Response To On-Road Obstacles During Automated Driving, Helena Kaul, Yusuke Yamani

Psychology: Interdisciplinary Research in Behavioral Sciences of Transportation Issues

In the trolley problem paradigm, a person is faced with an ethical dilemma where they must decide how to distribute inevitable loss of life such as deciding between letting five people die on the tracks in front of a trolley or pulling a lever that causes the trolley to switch to a separate track and kill one person. This online study asked participants to monitor a simulated automated vehicle and intervene if they felt the vehicle should change lanes. The results found that participants intervened roughly 96% of the time when the group of five bollards was in front of …

How Interesting Is This To You: Rating The Interestingness Of Auditory Clips, Hanna Zakharenko, Yusuke Yamani

Psychology: Interdisciplinary Research in Behavioral Sciences of Transportation Issues

Modern technological environments integrate multiple devices, competing for limited attentional resources of users. This study aimed to validate the auditory stimuli used in Horrey et al. (2017) with a college student population and examine the psychological structure of task engagement. Thirty-nine students listened to thirty-nine auditory stimuli used in Horrey et al. (2017) for their level of engagement. Participants rated how interesting they found the material on a slider from -7 (boring) to 7 (interesting) while listening to each clip. Participants also rated levels of difficulty, entertainment, and likelihood to attend to each clip. Participants who rated high on difficulty, …

Distracted Pedestrians: Looking Left?, Emma Hood, Bryan E. Porter

Psychology: Interdisciplinary Research in Behavioral Sciences of Transportation Issues

Distracted pedestrians, those talking or texting on phones as examples, are potentially at risk when crossing urban intersections. They may lack traffic awareness of risk as distracted drivers often do. The transportation field has limited data on distracted pedestrians. This study aimed to contribute to the literature by observing pedestrian behaviors at four urban-area, downtown crosswalks over five weeks in June-July 2021. Overall, 2,055 pedestrians were observed, with 25.4% being distracted. Common distractions were texting, talking on a cell phone, and using headphones. Chi-square analyses found that while distraction did not predict looking left, one behavior that keeps them out …

The Liaison Connection Issue 13, University Of Denver, University Libraries

The Liaison Connection

Winter 2021 issue of the Library Liaison Advisory Group newsletter from the University of Denver, University Libraries. The newsletter provides information about library collections, services, and research instruction.

The Ascent And Decline Of An American Colony, Pedro Caban

Latin American, Caribbean, and U.S. Latino Studies Faculty Scholarship

No abstract provided.

The World Is More Than A Stage: Foreign Policy, Development And Spatial Performativity In Ethiopia, John H.S. Aberg, Derick Becker

Faculty Authored Articles

This paper seeks to reconcile performative theorizing, which captures the place of systems of thought on foreign policy practice, and broader sociological approaches that link networks and institutions across space, especially as they relate to the global economy. Once developed, the theory, which is termed here ‘spatial performativity’, is applied to recent efforts to promote industrialization through the development of special economic zones in Ethiopia. In doing so, attention is drawn to a burgeoning area of African and Chinese foreign policy and economic cooperation.

Our Future Arrived: Diffusion Of Human-Machine Communication And Transformation Of The World For The Post-Pandemic Era, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary L. Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed

Communication Faculty Scholarship

The world is getting into a new phase in history. For the first time, humans are verbally communicating and developing meaningful relationships with non-living objects. AI is a wormhole to open a gateway to the new world, and the COVID-19 pandemic prepared the world to transform its system to be an open system that responds to, communicates with, and utilizes the remnants coming out of the wormhole of the new world. Now, we urgently need to create a holistic discourse on how we can recognize, develop, or shape the identities of communicable machines as people develop a partnership with them. …

Communicative Development And Diffusion Of Humanoid Ai Robots For The Post-Pandemic Health Care System, Do Kyun David Kim, Gary L. Kreps, Rukhsana Ahmed

Communication Faculty Scholarship

As humanoid robot technology, anthropomorphized by artificial intelligence (AI), has rapidly advanced to introduce more human-resembling automated robots that can communicate, interact, and work like humans, we have begun to expect active interactions with Humanoid AI Robots (HAIRs) in the near future. Coupled with the HAIR technology development, the COVID-19 pandemic triggered our interest in using health care robots with many substantial advantages that overcome critical human vulnerabilities against the strong infectious COVID-19 virus. Recognizing the tremendous potential for the active application of HAIRs, this article explores feasible ways to implement HAIRs in health care and patient services and suggests …

Organ Donation And Religion: An Annotated Bibliography, Rukhsana Ahmed, Zeba Tasci

Communication Faculty Scholarship

This brief annotated bibliography presents a synopsis of select literature on the topic ‘Organ Donation and Religion’ published between 1993 and 2017. The purpose is to review existing research from authoritative sources and to determine the beliefs of the general public versus those of religious experts on the topic. Searched databases include Scholars Portal, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the University of Ottawa Library databases on the ProQuest platform. Although there are several studies which discuss in broad terms the influence of religion on the beliefs and attitudes toward organ donation, few studies explore the beliefs and practices of Muslims in …

Nursing Annual Report: 2021, Centracare Health

Nursing Annual Report

Message from the CNO

Message from Central Operations, SVP - St. Cloud Hospital President

St. Cloud Hospital Statistics

New Magnet Program Director, Nursing Strategic Plan FY 2021

Patient Experience

Nursing Care Delivery

Exemplary Professional Practice

Shared Governance

Working Relationships

Professional Development

Nursing Makes a Difference

Adios 2020 And Welcome 2021, Srinivasan Ragothaman

Creative Work

This is a short ballad about current health policy and practice regarding the Coronavirus. As vaccines are being administered, this poem points out that light is at the end of the tunnel. At the same time it urges caution, vigilance, masking and common sense. It praises science and scientists. It also calls for unity, cooperation and healing!

The Effect Of Parenting Styles On Depression Among College Students, Manpreet Kaur

Theses and Dissertations

Researchers, during the past few decades have found there to be an association between parenting styles and levels of depression in children, adolescents, and adults. In the current study, the effects of parenting styles on depression among college students was targeted. This current study predicted that: 1. Females will show greater levels of depression than males. 2. Asians will show increased levels of depression. 3. Participants with authoritarian parents will exhibit significantly higher levels of depression as compared to authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting styles. In addition to these, additional exploratory analyses were also conducted. Two hundred eighty-eight college undergraduates …

About Us Without Us: A Critical Discourse Analysis Of Homelessness At The United Nations, Joanna Louise Padgett Herz

Theses and Dissertations

The United Nations plays a major role in creating, changing, and challenging international discourse on social inequities and injustices. Homelessness has historically been an underrepresented social problem within the UN system. To date, no official definition has been established. How has discourse on homelessness been shaped at the UN, if no official definitions have been established? What are the implicit meanings that representatives have used over the years? Homelessness was ignored for many years at the United Nations, and when it was talked about it was described vaguely. How was the discourse on homelessness created and how has is changed? …

Framing A Pandemic: Evaluating Nigerian Print Media Reportage Of China Before And Following The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Pandemic, Ernest Chukwunyere Makata

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates the effect of the Coronavirus pandemic on the framing of news about China/Chinese by three selected Nigerian Newspapers, The Punch, The Nation, and The Sun. A total of 350 articles mentioning China or Chinese were examined using the content analysis method to determine the news writers' dominant frames. The research employs the qualitative method. Three frames emerged as dominant in the analysis, the Economic Consequence Frame, the Human-Interest Frame, and the Conflict Frame. The result shows that Nigerian Newspapers paid more attention to China after the index case of COVID-19 in Nigeria. It also discovered that most …

Associations Among Sexual Assault Characteristics And Social Reactions To Disclosure In A Sample Of Undergraduate Women, Danielle Suzanne Citera

Theses and Dissertations

Sexual assault is a public health crisis in the United States, with college women at an increased risk for experiencing unwanted sexual contact and rape. Following an experience of sexual assault, women are susceptible to negative outcomes including suicidality, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. One of the factors that influences the development of psychopathology after a sexual assault is social reactions to disclosure. When women tell someone about their sexual assault, they may receive both positive and negative social reactions. Social reactions have been found to be associated with negative mental health outcomes for survivors. Several sexual assault characteristics, …

The Oq-45: The Structure Of Mental Health Symptoms During Psychotherapy, Lindsay Arader

Theses and Dissertations

The structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (OQ-45; Lambert et al., 2004b) was examined across three time points in a sample of 199 psychotherapy clients at an outpatient community clinic in the greater New York area. Five models—a one-factor model, two-factor (oblique) model, three-factor (oblique) model, two sub-factor bifactor model, and three sub-factor bifactor model—were tested at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks. The two sub-factor bifactor model fit the data best at baseline, and the three sub-factor bifactor model fit the data best at 8 weeks and 16 weeks. These results demonstrate that the OQ-45 items load onto one general …

Resource Allocation, Access, & Patterns Of Healthcare Service Utilization Among Patients With Alcohol-Use Disorders, Andrew Miele

Theses and Dissertations

Healthcare service utilization (HSU) describes how individuals engage with healthcare systems. Studies examining differences in rates of HSU among acute care-seeking patients have identified disparities in access to appropriate treatments. Alcohol-use disorders (AUDS) are increasingly prevalent among patients presenting for treatment in acute care settings. AUDS are emblematic of a broader trend in acute care; disproportionate rates of acute care encounters by patients with heavy socioeconomic (e.g., socioeconomic status, homelessness) burden, primary psychiatric/behavioral disorders (e.g. schizophrenia, AUDs), and reliance on emergency rooms for seeking treatment. Numerous studies have linked these risk factors with both AUDs and with high HSU. Despite …

Understanding College Student Emotional Functioning During Covid-19, Dominique Marie Giroux

Theses and Dissertations

The novel coronavirus has resulted in mass infection and death. To prevent spread of the virus, colleges and universities shut down and transitioned to remote learning, which mandated all college students to leave residential housing and relocate to a permanent address. Previous literature suggests college students who experienced housing displacement due to a natural disaster reported heightened distress and poorer overall functioning (Davis, Grills-Taquechel, & Ollendick, 2010). Prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, college student mental health was deemed a public health concern, however, it is expected to worsen following the outbreak (Galea, Merchant, & Lurie, 2020). Researchers suggest peer support …

Effect Of A Swim-Based Parent Training Program On A Parent’S Use Of Evidence-Based Strategies With Her Child With Autism, Melissa Lauren Jeffay

Theses and Dissertations

Community participation, particularly in leisure/recreational activities such as swimming, can improve quality of life for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, youth with ASD generally participate in fewer leisure activities than those without ASD. Although previous studies have demonstrated the benefits of parent training interventions and swim programs for children with ASD, there is a lack of research examining the effectiveness of using parents as intervention agents to teach swim skills to their children with ASD. In this single-case study, the researcher delivered an individual parent training program to the mother of a child with ASD to investigate its …

An Analysis Of Education As A Moderator Of The Relationship Of Discrimination To Depression, Jeavonna M. Coble

Theses and Dissertations

Racism has been observed as a highly prevalent psychosocial stressor across minorities, and consistently associated with depression across racial/ethnic groups. However, existing evidence is unclear on effective buffers of discrimination to depression. Researchers have hypothesized that education may mitigate discrimination’s effects on negative mental health outcomes. Evidence evaluating education as a buffer on the relations of discrimination to depression is limited. The analysis is further complicated as the evidence linking education level to discrimination exposure is also mixed. Although some studies indicate lower education levels are associated with greater perceived racism, many studies indicate an association of higher education with …

Perceived Discrimination And Food Consumption, Jessica Korins

Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is a public health concern that is associated with numerous life-limiting chronic illnesses such as diabetes and hypertension. Marginalized groups such as Black, Latinos, and Native Americans experience obesity and related illnesses at high rates. Research suggests that diet is one of the causes of these illnesses, and as such understanding the determinants of diet may assist in addressing health disparities in the United States. Literature suggests that diet may be associated with stressors such as perceived discrimination. However, few studies have assessed this relationship within the Native American population, and none have employed ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to …

Institutional Labels: A Language-Based Approach To Decreasing Stigma Associated With Schizophrenia And Psychiatric Hospitalization, Jaime Taylor Grabow

Theses and Dissertations

Individuals with schizophrenia that have experienced psychiatric hospitalization are one of the most stigmatized populations of the mental health field. The language that is utilized to describe this population is linked with the perpetuation of stigmatizing attitudes associated with schizophrenia and psychiatric hospitalization. Altering the type of language that is used to describe these individuals can decrease stigma. Participants (N=79) were asked to read a description of a character where the language used reflected either a strength-based approach or a deficit-based approach to schizophrenia and psychiatric hospitalization. The characters are individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia that have recently been discharged from …

Perceived Risk And Extended Warranty, Jose M. Fana

Theses and Dissertations

This study examined how income and mathematical skills influence one’s perception of risk. The study particularly focused on overestimation as the main cognitive phenomenon that influences one’s decision-making process when thinking about purchasing an extended warranty. Two questions this study tried to shed light on 1) - Why do people buy extended warranties? 2) - How much is the risk overestimated when considering the damage and loss of common products? A total of 67 St John’s undergraduate students participated, 18 males and 49 females M(age) = 19.5 were recruited through the university research platform. Finally, I hypothesized that income and …

Behavioral Interventions For Higher-Order Restricted And Repetitive Behaviors In Autism: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Emily Nichols

Theses and Dissertations

Although higher-order restricted and repetitive behaviors (H-RRBs) are associated with social, emotional, and behavioral difficulties in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), there is a paucity of literature on behavioral interventions to treat this core symptom. Through a systematic search, 29 intervention studies that target H-RRBs were identified and analyzed in terms of (a) participant characteristics, (b) setting, (c) targeted behaviors, (d) intervention procedures, (e) experimental design, (f) outcomes and certainty of evidence, and (g) generalization and maintenance of outcomes. Overall, 41% of studies (n=12) yielded large effect sizes, 34% yielded medium effects (n=10), and 17% yielded small effects (n=5). …

Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy For Deafblind Individuals With Progressive Vision Loss, Chelsey Laurito

Theses and Dissertations

Deafblind individuals with progressive visual conditions are presented with the challenge of adjusting to the gradual loss of sight over time and the social, psychological, environmental, and communicative implications relative to that process. Mental health treatment for these individuals is not widely researched due to the lack of homogeneity in the deafblind population; therefore, exploratory studies are necessary. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) is an evidence-based treatment that has successfully addressed a range of symptoms in many psychological and medical diagnoses but has not been researched with individuals who are deafblind. In this multiple baseline design study, the researcher delivered …

Reflective Processing And Intimate Partner Violence, Rachel Zukerman

Theses and Dissertations

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a prevalent problem, especially among college students. The serious physical and psychological consequences of IPV highlight the need to better understand its correlates. Individuals tend to process information and make decisions in different ways; these styles of thinking and decision likely hold important implications for intimate partnerships. Using a sample of undergraduate students, the current study aims to better understand the thinking processes of those who engage in IPV. Furthering our understanding of the cognitive processes that predict IPV may hold important treatment implications, both from a preventive and therapeutic standpoint. Previous studies show that …