Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

St. Francis Borgia Deaf Center Church Bulletin, August 22, 2021

Saint Francis Borgia Deaf Center Church Bulletin

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in Chicago, IL

Saint Francis Brogia Deaf Center Church Bulletin Finding Aid

St. Benedict Parish For The Deaf Church Bulletin, August 22, 2021

Saint Benedict Parish for the Deaf Church Bulletin

A newsletter published for Deaf Catholics in San Francisco, CA

Saint Benedict Parish for the Deaf Church Bulletin Finding Aid

Community Factors Contributing To Covid-19 Positivity Rate: Using Illinois As A Case Study, Helena Lucia Swanson

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Community level factors influence many aspects of residents’ lives (Flournoy & Yen, 2004), including health (Ellen et al., 200). An instance in which community level factors greatly influence individual health is in the case of a disaster (Couch & Coles, 2010; Steinglass & Gerrity, 1990). A recent and ongoing global disaster that communities are experiencing is the COVID-19 pandemic. In times of disaster, similar to the COVID-19 pandemic, disaster management and response are crucial for communities. A community-level factor that influences individual and community health in times of disaster is social vulnerability. Another community level factor that has yet to …

Using Technology To Assess Bidirectionality Between Daily Pain And Physical Activity: The Role Of Marginalization During Emerging Adulthood, Helen Bedree

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Emerging adulthood is often overlooked as a developmental time period critical to shaping future health outcomes. Recurrent pain is a commonly experienced health concern within this age group, particularly headaches and low back pain, and early experiences of recurrent pain are related to subsequent chronic pain and disability. Furthermore, adults from marginalized populations report more frequent and severe recurrent pain. Many studies have demonstrated the therapeutic effect of physical activity on pain relief; however, others have demonstrated that physical activity can also exacerbate pain symptoms. Therefore, the current study aimed to 1) assess a bidirectional relationship between reported pain and …

Creative Coping In Troubled Times: How Can We Enhance Our Resilience And Give Our Battered Coping Skills A Boost?, Jasmin Tahmaseb-Mcconatha

Psychology Faculty Publications

• Creative activities are one way to cope with stressful circumstances.
• Creative coping is associated with cognitive flexibility and increased well-being.
• Any challenges and engaging activity that leads to a sense of flow can be considered a creative coping activity.

Service Utilization Among Latina Survivors Of Intimate Partner Violence, Alyssa Donovan

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an international health issue disproportionately affecting women, which is associated with a range of severe physical and mental health sequelae (Black et al., 2011). Research has demonstrated that individual factors, such as violence severity, and systemic factors, such as poverty, affect whether women seek formal help, including mental health, police, and legal services, in response to IPV (Lelaurain, Graziani, & Monaco, 2017). Latina women have voiced many challenges to seeking formal help (Rizo & Macy, 2011). These include limited economic resources, language gaps in service provision, and factors related to immigration (Rizo & Macy, 2011). …

Collective Awe: The Effects Of Shared Experience, Martha Szekely

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Awe, as a complex positive emotion that mixes wonder, veneration, and/or dread, has been shown to induce a small sense of self. In the current research, we focused on the question of whether sharing an awe experience has an impact on that experience. We conducted two studies in which we explored the effects of “collective awe” as it relates to awe intensity, awe-related emotions, self-diminishment, and wellbeing. In addition, based on previous research, we hypothesized that participants with higher awe intensity ratings and awe-related emotion scores would score higher on self-diminishment and wellbeing measures than participants with lower awe intensity …

Your Mind Online: The Influence Of Contingent Self-Esteem On Confirmation Bias, Jason Snyder

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Scholars have speculated on the effects of social media on our self-esteem, but research has resulted in mixed findings (e.g., Valkenburg et al., 2006). One area that has yet to be investigated thoroughly is how social media use relates to self-esteem pursuit (Crocker & Park, 2004). Self-esteem pursuit has negative outcomes for learning, relatedness, and autonomy (Crocker & Park, 2004), but research has yet to determine whether pursuing self-esteem on social media results in similar negative outcomes. The current study investigated whether social media engage users in self-esteem pursuit by priming existing self-esteem contingencies. Additionally, we investigated whether these contingencies …

Reciprocity: An Antecedent To Fraud Compliance And Unethical Behavior, Charles E. Drehmer

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

There is a constant stream of headlines in the news about fraud schemes swindling people out of their hard-earned money. When analyzing these schemes, it can be difficult to see why these scams work so well time after time. Often, the potential payoff to the victim is farfetched or even impossible to a third party looking at the situation after the fact. Why would someone comply with a fraudulent request with such an implausible benefit to themselves or maybe even seemingly no benefit? One of the tools utilized by unscrupulous scam artists is the social norm of reciprocity. Simply stated, …

True Self In Threat Resilience: Using Essentialist Self-Views To Neutralize Personal Morality Threats, Ellen S. Dulaney

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

course of this dissertation, I introduce the idea of the true self construct as a personalized route to individual meaning and stability at a time in history when external direction regarding values and purpose is in decline. Setting aside the question of the ontological status of the true self, I emphasize that beliefs about and representations of the true self have distinctive psychological impact and cite research supporting this assertion. I then review evidence of the aptness of such true self-orientations in supporting well-being, fulfillment of basic psychological needs, and resilience against threat. Across two studies, I investigated the effectiveness …

Trauma-Informed Care Within The Homeless Service Milieu: Practical And Conceptual Considerations, Martina Mihelicova

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Research indicates that most individuals in the general population experience some form of trauma (Kilpatrick et al., 2013) and that factors such as homelessness place individuals at higher risk of experiencing traumatic events (Deck & Platt, 2015; Ellsworth, 2019; Kushel, Evans, Perry, Robertson, & Moss, 2003). Considering that environments may both promote and impede the trauma recovery process, Trauma-Informed Care (TIC) is a service framework intended to create a culture of trauma awareness and responsiveness (Fallot & Harris, 2006). Preliminary research demonstrates that TIC has positive outcomes for clients and staff (Damian, Mendelson, Bowie, & Gallo, 2018; Hales et al., …

Investigating The Co-Evolution Of Individual And Network-Level Recovery Capital: A Dynamic Social Network Analysis Testing Network Cohesion And Exchange Theories, Mayra Guerrero

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Historically, treatment professionals, researchers, and policymakers widely regarded substance use disorders (SUDs) as acute conditions that patients could “recover” from after a single treatment. Recent efforts have redefined recovery as a lifelong, dynamic process that involves improvements in multiple domains over time. Thus, recovery capital frameworks and theory have gained momentum as a way to operationalize recovery from SUDs. Recovery capital is a multifaceted framework with theoretical underpinnings in the social capital literature that provides a way of conceptualizing and measuring the complexities of the recovery process. While the literature on recovery capital has grown significantly since its conception, the …

Measuring Allostatic Load In An Urban Adolescent Sample: The Profile And Role Of Biomarker Dysregulation In Depression Outcomes, Heather Marshall

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Accumulated, chronic stress exposure is well established as a precursor for allostatic load (AL). Both stress exposure and AL have been associated with depression in the existing literature. While many studies have focused on biomarkers representative of various physiological systems, a clear understanding of how physiological AL results in depression is yet unclear. Further, variability of hypo- and hypercortisolemic profiles have been associated with depression. A review of the existing literature supports hypocortisolemic profiles in relation to female depression and hypercortisolemic profiles in male depression across both adolescent and adult populations. The function of alpha-amylase (AA) dysregulation within the context …

Secondary Health Conditions, Participation, And Psychosocial Long-Term Outcomes In Adults With Pediatric-Onset Spinal Cord Injury, Eric Peist

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a complex medical condition that refers to an acute spinal cord lesion that affects sensation, muscle control, and autonomic functioning. One fifth of injuries occur in youth, and adults with pediatric-onset SCI may have unique experiences and outcomes compared to those with adult-onset injuries due to the impacts of SCI on development. A socioecological disability framework can provide a critical perspective into how individual and environmental factors interact and impact the experiences of individuals with SCI. Individuals with SCI often have significant secondary health conditions with chronic pain and pressure injuries as two of the …

Exploring The Effects Of Smoking Cessation Interventions For Asians And Asian Americans: A Meta-Analytic Review, Amber T. Pham

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Cigarette smoking continues to be a leading health problem in the United States and worldwide. Despite high prevalence rates among some subpopulations of Asians and Asian Americans, little attention has been focused on identifying effective smoking cessation interventions for this group. A meta-analysis examining effect sizes was conducted to test the hypothesis that smoking cessation interventions, overall, improve quit outcomes among Asians and Asian Americans. Factors associated with intervention effectiveness were explored through moderator analyses. Results show that overall, smoking cessation interventions are efficacious for Asians and Asian Americans (OR = 2.33). Moderator analyses revealed high intensity treatments and treatments …

Prenatal Stress & Socioemotional Outcomes In School-Aged Children: A Meta-Analytic Review, Michelle Anne Gilchrist

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Prenatal stress has been linked to a myriad of adverse obstetric, infant, and childhood outcomes. Several prospective studies have linked maternal stress and distress during pregnancy with long-term neurocognitive, behavioral, and emotional consequences for the offspring, including decreased cognitive abilities as well as symptoms of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), depression, and anxiety. However, limited conclusions on the influence of type of stressors and the magnitude of the effect of prenatal stress on specific developmental trajectories can be drawn due to variation in study design and measured outcomes. This meta-analysis synthesized the state of the current literature and quantified the effects …

Multilevel Stakeholder Perspectives On The Implementation Of Evidence-Based Interventions In A Large, Urban School District, Ashley Sahel Castro

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

Despite evidence of equal or greater need for mental health services among youth from racial and ethnic minority (REM) and low-income backgrounds, these youth are less likely to receive treatment when it is needed. When they do receive care, it is typically not evidence-based. To address these disparities, advocates and scholars have promoted the use of evidence-based interventions (EBIs) in schools serving REM and low-income youth. However, challenges with the implementation of EBIs in schools have limited their uptake and impact in this setting, especially for this student population. Implementation science offers new ways of examining the process of bringing …

Parent And Child Language Profiles And Their Family And Clinical Predictors, Jesus Eduardo Solano-Martinez

College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations

A large number of households in the United States include linguistic minority and immigrant parents. These include parents of Latinx backgrounds and their children who have varying levels of English and Spanish proficiency. Research is needed to examine the nature of parent-child language proficiency patterns and differences and their links to family processes and mental health. To address this gap, a sample of 294 Latinx parent-child dyads of predominantly low-income and immigrant backgrounds were interviewed and reported their English and Spanish language proficiency levels. Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) uncovered four parent-child language profiles including three in which there was a …

Contributory Factors Of Fatigue Among Collegiate Aviation Pilots: An Ordinal Regression Analysis, Flavio A. C. Mendonca, Julius Keller, Daniel Kwasi Adjekum

Publications

Fatigue is a pervasive safety hazard in aviation affecting several aspects of a pilot's’ ability to safely perform their jobs. Several factors can contribute to fatigue, including inadequate sleep, stress, long work hours, excessive workload, and inadequate nutritional habits. In addition to flight training, some factors including academic, social, part-time work, and emerging time management skills are unique for Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 141 collegiate aviation pilots. By utilizing the Collegiate Aviation Fatigue Inventory (CAFI-II) at eight flight programs (n = 422), the current study examined factors such as fatigue training received, time spent working/studying and …

Cocaine, Cocaethylene And Ethanol In Postmortem Blood Submitted To The New York City Office Of Chief Medical Examiner, Jada T. Alexis

Student Theses

Cocaine overdose deaths are on the rise in the United States. This increase may be due to the co-consumption of cocaine with other drugs. When cocaine is ingested in conjunction with alcohol, a specific metabolite called cocaethylene forms. Information regarding cocaethylene, specifically its interpretive value in post-mortem cases, has not been widely studied. Data from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner in New York City revealed that there were 195 cases in 2017 positive for cocaethylene. These cases were most likely to involve black (42.1%) males (79.5%) in Manhattan (28.2%) aged 50 - 59 (34.4%). Most of the cases …

Inconsistent Seduction: Addressing Confounds And Methodological Issues In The Study Of The Seductive Detail Effect, Kay L. Tislar, Kelly S. Steelman

Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1

Introduction: The inclusion of interesting but irrelevant details in instructional materials may interfere with recall and application of the core content. Although this seductive detail effect is well researched, recent research highlights factors that may influence the effect size.

Objectives: The current study discusses confounds and methodological issues in the study of seductive details and outlines strategies for over coming them. These practices were then applied in a study that examined the role of learning objectives on the seductive detail effect.

Met hods: Seductive details were selected on the basis of interest and importance level and matched forword count and …

Collection Management & Services Of Rajiv Gandhi University And Tripura University Libraries Of North East India: A Comparative Study, F Chanchin Mawia

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper highlighted the collection management and services of the Rajiv Gandhi University (RGV) Library and the Tripura University (TU) Library. The study was anchored to investigate the type of users, kind of Library, staff strength, mode of acquisition, classification scheme, collection management, user satisfaction, and Library services. The study also gives information about the RGU Library and TU Library. A structured questionnaire was designed and randomly distributed to 100 respondents, where 95 responded questionnaires were received. The Library has its collection management policies for selection, acquisition, and other Library activities, as may be seen. Both departments are responsible for …

Evaluation Of Digital Libraries To Improve Agile Library Services, Andi Asari Andi Samlawi, Djoko Saryono, Fathan Anisa

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This research aims to analyze digital library optimization to support the development of agile libraries.The development of agile libraries through the optimization of digital libraries is seen from the perception of convenience, perceived benefits, and acceptance of digital libraries by the user community.This research uses a qualitative approach. Data collection is done by purposive sampling technique.Triangulation is used to analyze data. The results show that the optimization of digital libraries for the development of agile library services is measured by ease of use in terms of systems that are easy to learn, easy to master, clear and easy to reach, …

An Upstander Is A Person In Your Neighborhood: Children, Sesame Street, And Race In 2020, Gemma Yoo

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Educational children’s media, such as the program Sesame Street, may be the most accessible format for teaching young children about race and racism in the United States. Throughout its history, Sesame Street has attempted to confront racism through its diverse cast and, in the summer of 2020, by directly addressing the topic with children and families. However, both its passive representation and active discussion fall short of what is needed to confront systemic racism. This paper addresses Sesame Street’s past and present role as a leader in children’s educational media, and advocates that the program employ Critical Race Theory to …

The Conscience Of The Dollar: Are Religious Donors Sensitive To Moral Infractions?, Bradley Yam

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

Do religious donors give strategically or idealistically? The entanglement between the conservative Republican party and religious groups, particularly evangelical Christianity, on issues of abortion, sexual mores, and family values makes it difficult to analyze this question along voting lines. Regardless of how one votes, citizens and organizations can still punish their political leaders for moral infractions by voting with their wallets. This study aims to discern if there is a relationship between political scandals and religious donations.

Canines And Commons: An Institutional Analysis, Andy Xie

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper applies Elinor Ostrom’s Institutional Analysis and Development Framework to explain how a local dog park – the Montrose – is able to overcome communal degradation in the absence of a centralized power. In the first half of this piece, I elucidate the rules, participants, and systems that characterize this specific social-ecological system. In the second half, through a combination of park-goer interviews and analyses of online reviews, I find that the existence of high degrees of social capital between participants, repeated interactions, entwined utilities, and the institutional diversity of a polycentric system serve to explain the effective maintenance, …

Shadow Banks, Money Market Funds, And Regulation: How Much Is Too Much?, Ainsley Weber

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This paper examines the development of the shadow banking sector in the US leading up to the global financial crisis of 2007-2008. Shadow banking, or nonbank financial intermediation, consists of credit intermediation that takes place outside of the traditional banking sector. This can include off-balance sheet operations at banks and finance holding companies as well as operations at other nonbank financial companies. The paper reviews how shadow banking emerged as a result of regulatory arbitrage and the search for higher returns before considering how it contributed to the buildup of systemic risk leading up to the crisis. It specifically inspects …

The Morality Of Pronoun Flexibility: Connections Between Language And Cognitive Identity Alignment, Mafalda Von Alvensleben

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

The power of words we use to refer to one another is gaining recognition in contemporary socio-political discourse. Yet, interplay between language and complex cognitive processes, including moral judgments and identity formation, largely remains a subject of philosophical and theoretical debate. In order to begin examining the existence of such interactions empirically, this paper investigates the syntactic shift of the third person plural pronoun they/them to the third person singular, used to refer to gender non-binary/gender nonconforming individuals. Using grammaticality acceptance ratings and the Worthen 2016 moral attitudes test, administered under timed pressure, this study measures both intuitions surrounding the …

Access To Drinking Water And The Empowerment Of Women In The Southwest Coast Of Bangladesh: Intersections Of Gender, Class, And Space, Sunehra Subah

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

The low-lying southwest coast in Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable areas to the effects of climate change, with great water scarcity and high levels of arsenic and salinity. Women are the main accessors and users of water in this area due to their restriction to work in domestic spaces. Their gendered relationships to water in this area play a role in their empowerment and powerlessness. These relationships can be looked at through four examples of power: power over the body, power over mobility, power over decisions, and power over finances. It’s critical to consider the intersections of gender, …

Decolonization: The Litmus Test Of The Human Rights Framework, Isiuwa Omoigui

The Yale Undergraduate Research Journal

This literature review examines the complicated relationship between anticolonial activism and the human rights framework that emerged in the wake of the Second World War. I contextualize the scholarly debate on the tension between conceptions of human rights as an individual entitlement and the collectivist nature of African anticolonial struggles. The universalism of the human rights framework endures the harsh light of critique, given its emergence from the twentieth-century European experience of genocide and great powers’ competing commitments to democracy and empire. The crimes against humanity committed in the name of colonial conquest and rule challenge the great powers’ moral …