Dairy Science Commons^™

Jerseys And Guernseys For Government Studs

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 3

A Jersey bull and five attractive young pedigree heifers, together with an out-standing Guernsey bull were imported to this State recently from leading studs in the Channel Islands. The seven animals completed their quarantine period last month and have been taken to Wokalup and Denmark Research Stations.

The Improvement In Type Of South Dakota Dairy Cattle Through Artificial Breeding, Kenneth I. Gross

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Body conformation is associated with function among all classes of livestock. Dairy cattle type deals with characteristics indicating ability to produce milk and butterfat economically along with breed character and other values of an aesthetic nature. In order to have economical milk and butterfat production, the dairy cow should possess that type of body conformation which is able to withstand the rigors of disease, reproduction and year after year milk production. A large percentage of dairy cattle sold in South Dakota and surrounding territory, whether for breeding purpose or commercial production, are evaluated primarily on the basis of their type. …

Some Mechanical And Horomonal Methods Of Dilating The Bovine Cervix, Edmund F. Graham

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The selection for certain inherited characteristics war practiced approximately 2000 years before the Christian Era. Jacob (Genesis 30:28-43) was given all the speckled cattle in his master’s herd for being herdsman. In a few years, by selecting for the spotting factor, only speckled cattle remained in the herd. Selection was the first tool for segregating definite characteristics. As a means of more rapid improvement artificial insemination was practiced by an Arabian chieftain as early as 1322 A. D. (35). Since 1322 these crude methods of transferring semen have been perfected until approximately four million cows were inseminated in the United …

Feeding Milking Shorthorn Steers, M. L. Baker, V. H. Arthaud, C. H. Adams

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The objectives of the feeding work were to provide the producer with feed-lot data and where possible with slaughter data for Milking Shorthorn steers. As a definite breeding research program with the Milking Shorthorn herd was planned, it also was believed that information about the beef-making qualities of the steers should be of equal importance with milk and butterfat production records.

Some Economic Aspects Of The Fluid Milk Industry Of Nebraska, Kenneth E. Anderson

Department of Agricultural Economics: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Most citizens of Nebraska, especially the dairy farmers who produced milk for city consumption, are currently concerned with the problem of marketing fluid milk.In Nebraska and all over the United States, sales of wholesale milk farmers have been increasing for the past 15 years, while cream sales to creameries have been decreasing.

Production of milk in Nebraska is greatest in the eastern part of the state.Likewise, consumption is concentrated in Eastern Nebraska. This is most likely due to Eastern Nebraska’s highly concentrated population as well as the most favorable farm conditions for dairy cows.

Most of the bottled milk in …

Effects Of Aureomycin In Milk Used For The Manufacture Of Cheese, James A. Banghart

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Importance of project:

In recent years many antibiotics have come to the foreground as a treatment for mastitis. Aureomycin is one of the more recent antibiotics that has been used for this purpose.

Aureomycin has been reported to be successful in curing some types of mastitis, but milk produced by cows that have been treated with Aureomycin does not act normal in the cheese manufacturing process. The most noticeable effect in milk from cows treated with Aureomycin has been slow or complete cessation of acid production by bacteria in cultured dairy products; this has been especially true in the cheese …

The Relative Efficiency Of Artificially Stack-Dried Alfalfa Hay Versus Field-Cured Alfalfa Hay In Promoting Growth Of Dairy Heifers At Huntley, Montana, John A. Stocking

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Roughage is the cheapest source of nutrients for herbivorous animals, and alfalfa is the best of the roughages because animals consuming alfalfa as a major part of their diet have an adequate supply of protein, energy, and a considerable proportion of needed vitamins.

A Comparison Of Sweet Cream Buttermilk Powder With Nonfat Dried Milk Solids In The Manufacture Of Ice Cream, Davi Yanasugondha

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Properly dried sweet cream buttermilk, because of its high fat and lecithin contents, should make superior ice cream. Its use as a source of serum solids in ice cream. Its use as a source of serum solids in ice cream mix would open an outlet for this butter by-product and would serve the needs of ice cream manufacturers during nonfat dry milk solids shortage and it may make a higher score ice cream. The demand for milk solids shortage and it may make a higher score ice cream. The demand for milk solids has been increasing so rapidly that today …

The Effect Of Common Contaminants On Cheese Starter, Ivan R. Miller

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Starter is the "heart" of the cheese making industry. Only by proper handling of starter can good quality cheese be made. The economic loss from contaminated starter may prove disastrous to a cheese plant if proper corrective measures are not taken.

Milk usually contains a variety of bacteria. Under plant conditions some of these bacteria get into the mother starter or bulk starter unless extreme caution is used. Comparatively little is known about how one organism influences another when grown in milk. This problem is important in the cheese industry.

A Study Of Bovine Noseprints, Morris W. Hirsch

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The breed association are continuously confronted with the problem of properly identifying animals for registration. The method of identifying the broken color breeds, such as Guernseys, Holsteins, and Ayrshires, is by a sketch of the color patterns which accompanies the application for registration. This has been fairly successful, but due to the poor drawing ability of the applicant approximately twenty percent of animal markings and sketch do not resemble each other to establish identity. The solid colored breeds use brands or tattoo marks in the ear which are not entirely satisfactory since these are artificial and can be applied in …

A Survey Of Plant Parasitic And Associated Species Of Nematodes In The Carrot Producing Area Of Cedar Valley, Iron County, Utah, Paul R. Fitzgerald

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Plant parasitic nematodes have long been known to cause extensive crop losses through reduced yields, shortened productive life, or lowered value of produce. The rood knot nematode, Heterodera marioni, is cosmopolitan. It destroys crops and causes economic losses equal to those of any other plant parasitic species. in 1948 this nematode caused an estimated loss to the carrot raising industry in Iron County, Utah of approximately $15,000. No estimates for the years prior to 1948 are available; however, reports of the county agent (14) for Iron County show that carrot production in the Cedar Valley is decreasing, and is …

Peromyscus Populations As Related To Seasons And Vegetative Types At The Hardware Ranch, Cache County, Utah, George Cleveland Turner Jr.

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Members of the genus Peromyscus, White-footed Mice, are known to occur in nearly all habitats of North America. Because of their numerical abundance and widespread distribution, these mice are extensively used in the study of the dynamics of animal populations. Thus, information perteining to the local distruibution and activities of these mice is of value to the more comprehensive studies that are being carried out in the field of zoological research.

A Survey Of The Microflora Obtained By Flushing The Normal Bovine Uterus, Johannah Jane Wulf

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Since artificial insemination has become a reality and the potentialities of ova transfer are being investigated by several research workers, it seems reasonable to assume that some attention should be directed toward gathering information regarding the bacterial flora of the normal bovine uterus. Both artificial insemination and ova transfer require the insertion of foreign bodies or instruments into the uterus. When such instruments enter this organ, there is always the possibility of introducing various kinds of bacteria. Very little information is available regarding the pathogenicity of these bacteria in the bovine uterus. The possibility of abortion due to such pathogenic …

Influence Of Winter Housing Conditions On Growth Rates And Feed Consumption Of Dairy Heifers, Emery H. Bartle

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It is important in dairy cattle management to maintain steady and continuous growth of heifers and thereby secure properly developed cows which will give the production that is expected of them when they are brought into the milking herd. In general, heifer calves during the first twelve months of their growing period are carefully managed as to feed, housing and care to promote normal growth. However, they are often neglected during their yearling stage to the point where growth is retarded because of environment factors. On many dairy farms in the North Central States the management of yearling dairy heifers …

Leaflet No 1000 - Rate Of Milking With Machines - Further Results From Western Australian Herds, R. A. Bettenay

Bulletins 1 - 2999

IN an earlier article by this Department (Vol. XXVI No. 2 PP. 99-104) some introductory remarks were made on a study being conducted on the rate of milking by machine, and preliminary findings were recorded. The conclusion was reached that the rate of milking on most farms was too slow, it being considered that in the vicinity of five minutes per cow should be sufficient under machine milking and that, if the teat cups were left on for a longer period than this, damage to the udder was likely to follow.

The Introduced Fishes, Game Birds, And Game And Fur-Bearing Mammals Of Utah, Boris Hewitt Popov

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

For a number of years wildlife workers have realized the importance of the past histories of introduced species. Emphasis in recent years has been directed toward introductions because of the tremendous hunting and fishing pressures. Yearly increases in numbers of hunters and fishermen have been noted in Utah for the past forty years. It is hoped that this compilation of the histories of the introduced game and fish species of Utah will be of value to sportsmen and wildlife managers alike in planning future introductions.

The material included in this paper was obtained from United States Government reports, Utah Territorial …

The Influence Of Length Of Storage Of Bovine Semen On Conception Rate Under Field Conditions, A. B. Schultze, H. P. Davis, C. T. Blunn, M. M. Oloufa

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

It is the purpose of this study to determine whether under conditions of routine handling in artificial breeding associations there is a decline in semen fertility from day to day and also to determine the magnitude of this decline. Tabulation of such data will not only be of value in determining the effect of frequent semen collection on the over-all artificial breeding results but will also serve as a basis of comparison in investigational work directed toward increasing the efficiency of artificial breeding.

Processing, Grading And Sale Of Utah Turkeys, 1947-48, Paul R. Grimshaw

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Turkey production in Utah is one of the most important farm enterprises of the state. In 1945, 11.5 percent of the total farm cash income of the state was from the turkey enterprise. In 1946, 9.4 percent came from this source. Turkey production made up 8.9 percent of the total cash income from farm enterprises in 1944; 5.8 percent in 1945; 4.9 percent in 1940; 1.7 percent in 1935; and 1.3 percent in 1930. The objectives of this study were: (1) to ascertain charges for processing and hauling turkeys from the farm to the processing plants; (2) to determine the …

Breeding Efficiency In Dairy Cattle From Artificial Insemination At Various Intervals Before And After Ovulation, George W. Trimberger

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The length of estrus and the time of ovulation were determined for 46 heifers and 86 cows of the Ayrshire, Guernsey, Jersey, and Holstein breeds by testing for end of estrus and ovulation at 2-hour intervals. Services were given by artificial insemination at various intervals before and after ovulation to determine the influence of this factor on the rate of conception. No significant breed or seasonal differences were found for length of estrus and ovulation time after end of estrus among the four dairy breeds represented in the experiment.

Distillers' By-Products And Soybean Meal In Dry Calf Starters For Calves On Limited Quantities Of Milk, H. P. Davis, G. W. Trimberger

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

Whole milk is recognized to be very satisfactory as the principal source of nutrients for young growing calves. But the price of milk and its importance as food for human beings has tended to introduce the use of substitutes. Skim milk has been demonstrated to be a satisfactory substitute when fed with grain after the first few weeks of feeding; but since skim milk, too, has become of increased usefulness for human nutrition, this experiment, one of a series, was designed to determine whether or not combinations of various grains, when fortified with vitamins, could be substituted for the solids …

Carotene Content Of Native Nebraska Grasses, I. L. Hathaway, H. P. Davis, F. D. Keim

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The carotene content of twenty-four grasses native to Nebraska were determined at approximately monthly intervals from June to November. While the carotene concentration of most of the grasses was moderately high during the growing season, it declined to a rather low point by late November. With the exception of Switchgrass, Hairy Grama, Little Bluestem and Prairie Dropseed, all of the grasses contained enough carotene to supply the needs of range cattle until late November. However, only eighteen of the grasses still contained enough carotene by the latter part of September to furnish the carotene required by dairy cows. Even as …

Protein Supplements In Dry Calf Starters For Calves On Limited Quantities Of Milk, George W. Trimberger, Herbert Perry Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

This experiment was undertaken to determine the usefulness of various high protein concentrates of animal and plant sources in comparison with dried skim milk in calf starters during the early stages of calf growth.

The Use Of Dried Whey And Blood Meal In The Raising Of Calves On Limited Amounts Of Milk, I. L. Hathaway, G. W. Trimberger, H. P. Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

The use of substitutes for milk in the raising of calves is always of interest to the progressive dairyman, since there are a number of circumstances in which it is advantageous to reduce the milk feeding period. Producers of market milk often desire to raise their calves on as little milk as possible in order to have more milk available for market. When the demand for milk is good, dairymen who usually market cream only may prefer to sell milk and raise their calves on starters or other milk substitutes. Dairy farmers may wish to use the skim milk generally …

Conception Rate In Dairy Cattle By Artificial Insemination At Various Stages Of Estrus, George W. Trimberger, H. P. Davis

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Research Bulletins

A breeding experiment with 295 dairy cows and heifers of the Jersey, Guernsey, Ayrshire, and Holstein breeds was conducted in the University of Nebraska dairy herd. The females were given artificial services at various stages of estrus to determine the effect of time of service upon conception. The results obtained indicate the potential benefits in higher percentage of conception in females bred during the middle of estrus, toward the end of estrus, and those bred in full heat and rebred in 24 hours. The latter is usually not very practical, especially in artificial breeding rings, but there are occasions when …

Use Milk - An Essential Food, University Of Nebraska - Lincoln

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The purpose of this publication is to furnish the housewife with information on ways to utilize more milk in the home, especially in the farm home where milk is readily available and an economical source of vitality and greater health for all the family.

Babcock Testing And Other Methods Of Analyzing Dairy Products, L. K. Crowe

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The manufacturing of dairy products on a commercial scale began about the middle of the nineteenth century and was greatly stimulated by the development of the centrifugal cream separator in the late eighties. The invention of the Babcock test in the early nineties overcame some of the difficulties that had developed in paying for milk upon its butterfat content, since it was early recognized that milk varied widely in that respect.

Judging Quality In Dairy Products, P. A. Downs

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

In the dairy industry increasing attention is being paid to the question of quality of products. The well established system of buying and selling butter and cheese on the basis of quality by score or grade is practiced in the principal markets of the world. The other dairy products, while not marketed by score, are receiving more and more attention in this respect. As more information becomes available and the judging better standardized, other dairy products will doubtless be sold by grade.

Wool Scouring Tests In Utah, Alma C. Esplin

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Wool as it is shorn from the sheep, is known as grease wool. The first step in the manufacturing of wool is scouring, or removal of all grease and foreign matter. Within any given grade, as determined by length of staple and fineness of fiber, the yield of clean wool is the primary factor in determining the value of the original grease wool. The price of scoured or clean wool is multiplied by the percentage yield of clean wool to determine the value of the grease wool.

Cooling, Storage, And Transporation Of Milk And Cream, P. A. Downs, F. D. Yung

Nebraska Agricultural Experiment Station: Historical Circulars

The care given milk and milk products should be such that they will be relished by young and old alike. Greater use of milk can be encouraged by serving fresh milk cold. Cooling of milk also insures a fine product several hours after production. This is important not only for milk that is to be used, but for milk or cream that is to be sold.

Comparison Of Various Types Of Milk Sampling Devices, William A. Hoskisson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The importance of an accurate measurement of fat in milk deliveries is fully appreciated by most producers and plant operators. Since milk is purchased on a fat basis, the accuracy of the procedure used in sampling and testing the milk has often been questioned by both the buyer and seller.

A composite sample to be theoretically correct, should consist of aliquot portions of the milk shipments represented. Where aliquot portions are to be taken, a milk thief is commonly suggested. This device takes a vertical column of milk from the weigh tank. The idea is that the height of the …