Engineering Commons^™

Electrocatalytic Nitric Oxide Reduction To Yield Ammonia Over Fe3C Nanocrystals, Sen Lin, Lang Zhang, Tong Hou, Jun-Yang Ding, Zi-Mo Peng, Yi-Fan Liu, Xi-Jun Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Nitric oxide (NO), which generally originates from vehicle exhaust and industrial flue gases, is one of the most serious air pollutants. In this case, the electrochemical NO reduction reaction (NORR) not only removes the atmospheric pollutant NO but also produces valuable NH₃. Hence, through the synthesis and modification of Fe₃C nanocrystal catalysts, the as-obtained optimal sample of Fe₃C/C-900 was adopted as NORR catalyst at ambient conditions. As a result, the Fe₃C/C-900 catalyst showed an NH₃ Faraday efficiency of 76.5% and an NH₃ yield rate of 177.5 μmol·h^–1·cm^{–2 …}

Ordering Degree Regulation Of Pt2Nico Intermetallics For Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction, Chen-Hao Zhang, Han-Yu Hua, Jun-Hao Yang, Qian Zhang, Chang Yang, De-Li Wang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Alloying transition metals with Pt is an effective strategy for optimizing Pt-based catalysts toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Atomic ordered intermetallic compounds (IMC) provide unique electronic and geometrical effects as well as stronger intermetallic interactions due to the ordered arrangement of metal atoms, thus exhibiting superior electrocatalytic activity and durability. However, quantitatively analyzing the ordering degree of IMC and exploring the correlation between the ordering degree and ORR activity remains extremely challenging. Herein, a series of ternary Pt₂NiCo intermetallic catalysts (o-Pt₂NiCo) with different ordering degree were synthesized by annealing temperature modulation. Among them, the o-Pt …

Performance Of Co2/H2O Co-Electrolysis In A Flat-Tube Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Stack Under Air-Free Environment, Xiao-Hui Zhong, Fei Wang, An-Qi Wu, Bei-Bei Han, Jian-Xin Wang, Wan-Bing Guan

Journal of Electrochemistry

This work investigates the transient performance and stability of CO₂/H₂O co-electrolysis in an air-free environment using a flat-tube solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) stack. The results show that the transient behavior of the stack with and without blowing gas in the air electrode is almost the same. With a current density of 0.67 A·cm⁻²@750 °C, the stack operated for over 200 h under co-electrolysis conditions with no air blowing, and the voltage drop rate of the stack was approximately 0.203%/100 hours. Microstructure analysis reveals significant loss of Ni particles and formation of an insulating …

Variation Of Membrane Electrode Assembly Catalyst Layer In Unitized Regenerative Fuel Cell, Yollanda Nurcholifah, Dedi Rohendi, Edy Herianto Majlan, Nirwan Syarif, Addy Rachmat, Dwi Hawa Yulianti, Nyimas Febrika S

Journal of Electrochemistry

A unitized regenerative fuel cell (URFC) is a device that may function reversibly as either a fuel cell (FC) or water electrolysis (WE). An important component of this device is the Membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Therefore, this study aimed to compare the performance outcomes of MEA using electrodes with single and three catalyst layers. This study measured Electrochemical Surface Area (ECSA), Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). Furthermore, the round-trip efficiency (RTE) of the MEA, as well as the performance in FC and WE mode, was measured. In comparison, The ECSA values of Pt-Ru/C …

Quantifying Treatment Response To A Macrophage-Targeted Therapy In Combination With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors After Exposure To Conventional Chemotherapy, Shelby N. Bess, Gaven K. Smart, Timothy J. Muldoon

Biomedical Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: Conventional chemotherapeutic agents, such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), can exert anti-tumor effects through immunogenic cell death (ICD) induction. Researchers have found hallmarks that quantify ICD (such as the translocation of HMGB1 and calreticulin). Although chemotherapeutic agents can induce ICD, they increase the expression of immune checkpoints, limiting their effectiveness. Studies have emphasized the importance of investigating the heterogeneous responses of cells co-localized in a solid tumor (macrophages, tumor cells, etc.) to ICD induction. However, these studies were performed in vivo, which limits the collection of information on cell-cell interactions due to model complexity.

Methods: In this study, we used a …

Conceptual Design Of A Personal Propulsion Unit For Rapidly Accessing Remote Trauma Patients, Kenneth Kubiak, Aidyn Cochran, Mallorie Colquitt, Ed Sheridan

Senior Design Project For Engineers

Patient mortality increases over 14% and the prognosis for a full-recovery decreases an additional 21% when definitive medical care is provided after the first hour of suffering traumatic injuries. Most trauma patients receive such care within 60 minutes of injury onset, referred to as the ‘golden hour’; however, trauma patients injured in wilderness areas may not receive this care for an hour or more due to difficulty accessing them across rugged, dense terrain. To address this issue, “The Jetsons!” team designed a 288 kg all-electric Personal Propulsion Unit (PPU) capable of transporting a single 111 kg medic-pilot with 23 kg …

Data-Driven D Region Model (D3r) Svdd: Software Version Description Document (Svdd), James Vincent Eccles

Space Dynamics Laboratory Publications

This is the Software Version Description Document of the Data-Driven D Region (D3R) model. There are 2 main distributions: (a) D3R designed for containerized deployments (D3Rc) and (b) D3R designed for testing and development. These two distributions are maintained in parallel, and this document describes both. The D3R for containerization is typically provided to customers. The D3R model is a physics-based model for calculating electron density profiles across the D Region ionosphere altitudes (50 km to 95 km) and E Region altitudes (95 km to 120 km) for any given geolocation. The model has two main programs: one to solve …

Development Of 6d Electromagnetic Actuation For Micro/Nanorobots In High Viscosity Fluids For Drug Delivery, Mostafa Abdelaziz, Maki Habib

Mechanical Engineering

This research focuses on the development, design, implementation, and testing (with complete hardware and software integration) of a 6D Electromagnetic Actuation (EMA) system for the precise control and navigation of micro/nanorobots (MNRs) in high-viscosity fluids, addressing critical challenges in targeted drug delivery within complex biological environments, such as blood vessels. The primary objective is to overcome limitations in the actuation efficiency, trajectory stability, and accurate path-tracking of MNRs. The EMA system utilizes three controllable orthogonal pairs of Helmholtz coils to generate uniform magnetic fields, which magnetize and steer MNRs in 3D for orientation. Another three controllable orthogonal pairs of Helmholtz …

Quantum Machine And Deep Learning For Medical Image Classification: A Systematic Review Of Trends, Methodologies, And Future Directions, Eman A. Radhi, Mohammed Y. Kamil, Mazin Abed Mohammed

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Quantum Learning (QL) has emerged as a promising approach to medical image classification, leveraging the principles of quantum mechanics to improve the performance and efficiency of machine learning algorithms. This systematic review provides a comprehensive critical assessment of the current status of QL techniques developed for medical image classification, with a specific focus on trends, methodologies, and future directions in this rapidly evolving field. A thorough literature search was conducted across five major databases, resulting in a total of 28 relevant studies published between 2018 and 2024. The studies were analyzed and classified based on the type of quantum algorithm, …

Different Methods To Estimate Stress-Strength Reliability Function For Modified Exponentiated Lomax Distribution, Raya Salim Al-Rassam, Khalida Ahmed Mohammed, Safwan Nathem Rashed

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

When ensuring the reliability of device or the suitability of a material, it is necessary to take into consideration the stress cases in the operating environment. This means that the uncertainty about the reality environmental stress must be taken into as random. The stress-strength (S-S) model treated the stress and strength variables as random. In the simplest form of stress-strength model, y represents the stress put on the unit by the operating environment, and the strength of the unit represented by x. A unit is able to perform its required function if its stress imposed on it is less than …

A New Ridge-Type Estimator In The Zero-Inflated Bell Regression Model, Nawal Mahmood Hammood, Nadwa Khazaal Rashad, Zakariya Yahya Algamal

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Count data modeling requires usage of the Poisson regression model as a primary analytic method. Excess dispersion in variables makes the model unfit to use when the Poisson distribution mean value differs from its variance value. Data fits well with the results obtained by using the Bell regression model. Excess zeros occur frequently in the observed count data records. The Zero-Inflated Bell regression model is a substitute for the Bell regression model in this situation. The approach of maximum likelihood is mostly used to estimate the Zero-Inflated Bell regression model's parameters. When modeling the link between the response variable and …

An Improvement Finger Vein Authentication System Based On Pcanet Deep Learning And Hyper Parameter Machine Learning, Raniah Ali Mustafa, Tarek Abbes

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Finger vein authentication is a biometric technique that uses unique vein patterns within the finger to verify identity, ensuring security by scanning veins with near-infrared light to prevent counterfeiting. The reliability of this technology and its resistance to skin disorders make it highly appreciated. The motivation for using PCANet deep learning in finger vein authentication arises from the need for a more precise, secure, and effective biometric system. Conventional methods have trouble with image quality, noise, and illumination, whereas PCANet improves classification accuracy by employing principal component analysis (PCA) to extract deep features. Its lightweight structure guarantees computational efficiency while …

Liberated Arabic Handwritten Text Recognition Using Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks, Ahmad Abdulqadir Alrababah, Mohammed Khalid Aljahdali, Abdulrahim Abdulhamid Al Jahdali, Mohammed Saleh Alghanmi, Israa Ibraheem Al_Barazanchi

Iraqi Journal for Computer Science and Mathematics

Arabic script is exhibited in a cursive style, which is a departure from the norm in many common languages, and the shapes of letters are contingent on their positions within words. The form of the first letter is influenced by the subsequent letter, middle letters are shaped by both preceding and succeeding letters, and the shape of the final letter is determined by the preceding letter. Additionally, certain letters are found to have strikingly similar shapes, making Arabic text recognition a formidable challenge in computer vision. The challenge of detecting and recognizing Arabic handwritten text is addressed in this paper …

Margin In The Consulting Industry: A Consultant's Perspective, Bracken Snyder

ASEM Capstones

2025 ASEM 620 Capstone Project

Table Of Contents, The Editors

Coal Geology & Exploration

No abstract provided.

Research On Underground Coal Gasification From 2023 To 2024: A Systematic Review, Qin Yong, Yi Tongsheng, Wang Lingxia

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The industrialization of underground coal gasification (UCG) technology presents a potential solution for securing the supply of clean energy. The latest wave of exploration into UCG is currently gaining momentum. Methods This review systematically organizes domestic and international literature, expatiates the advances in research on UCG from 2023 to 2024, analyzes the primary challenges in its development, and proposes key areas for future exploration. Advances Transformative technological advancements in the development and utilization of coal energy based on UCG have been proposed. The development of an integrated, synergistic UCG – coalbed methane – carbon capture, utilization, and storage (UCG–CBM–CCUS) …

Evolutionary Pattern And A Calculation Method Of In Situ Gas Pressure Based On Pressure-Retaining Coal Cores, Gao Mingzhong, Song Jie, Cui Pengfei, Li Yongcheng, Wang Zhipeng, Zhou Xuemin, Li Ju, Hao Zongxin, Hao Haichun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods The in situ gas pressure of coal seams represents a crucial parameter for the safe production of coal mines and the assessment of coalbed methane (CBM) resources. To overcome current limitations in determining the in situ gas pressure, such as prolonged measurement cycles and the influence of multiple parameters on the measurement results, this study conducted isothermal adsorption and volumetric expansion desorption experiments on pressure-retaining coal cores with varying moisture contents using a self-constructed experimental system for gas pressure evolution in pressure-retaining coal cores. As a result, the evolutionary pattern of gas pressure in pressure-retaining coal cores …

Key Technologies For Surface Control Of Gas Dynamic Disasters In Coal Mines And Their Application, Wang Bo, Xu Fengyin, Liu Wenge, Shao Sihua, Wang Ning, Wen Jiandong, Cheng Guoxi, Qu Zhenghui, Xie Yadong, Han Jiaye, Li Zhi, Xu Bo, Yang Weihua, Zhang Yiteng, Li Changxing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Significance As the coal mining depth increases, coal mining faces increasingly prominent challenges including coal and gas outbursts, rock bursts, and compound dynamic disasters. Deepening the understanding of disaster-causing mechanisms and developing diversified prevention and control technologies are significant for the safe production of coal mines. Employing the key technologies for coalbed methane (CBM) production to control gas-related dynamic disasters is an inevitable course for the safe production of coal mines. However, large-scale, suitable technology systems are yet to be developed. Methods From the perspective of the application of key technologies for surface CBM production, this study systematically …

Microseismic Monitoring And Assessment Of Segmented Hydraulic Fracturing Of Horizontal Wells In Coal Seam Roofs, Li Quangui, Peng Shuyue, Liang Yunpei, Li Wenxi, Qian Yanan, Cheng Chunhui, Yu Changjun, Zhan Jinfei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Microseismic monitoring, a non-destructive monitoring technique, has been extensively applied in the hydraulic fracturing performance assessment of coal seams. However, little attention is paid to the vertical wave velocity gradients in media in the same layer during the construction of layered wave velocity models. This leads to limited precision of travel time calculation and microseismic source localization, thus affecting the assessment accuracy of the hydraulic fracturing of coal seams. Objective and Methods Based on the coal seam segmented hydraulic fracturing project in a mine in Anhui, this study proposes an improved velocity model based on the Universal Kriging interpolation …

Reflections And Implementation Strategies For Constructing A Standard System For Deep Coalbed Methane Exploration And Exploitation, Chen Xinjun, Liu Zengqin, Shen Baojian, Zhao Shihu, Zhang Jiaqi, Ye Jincheng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Deep coalbed methane (CBM; burial depths: > 1500 m) in China holds considerable resource potential. As a strategic clean energy, deep CBM is exhibiting increasingly high value of exploitation and utilization. This is of great practical significance for China’s energy structure transformation and the achievement of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality in the country. In recent years, breakthroughs have been made in deep CBM exploration in basins such as Ordos, Sichuan, and Junggar, with a single-well daily gas production exceeding 100 000 m³, marking the initial achievement of large-scale deep CBM exploitation. However, the existing standard …

Dynamic Gas Supply Mechanism And Theoretical Production Modes Of Free Gas-Rich Deep Coal Reservoirs, Chen Shida, Zhang Taiyuan, Tang Dazhen, Xu Hao, Tao Shu, Li Song, Tang Shuling

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods The production processes of adsorbed and free gases and the dynamic partitioning mechanism behind the production efficiency of both gas types are critical scientific issues to be addressed urgently in the exploration and production of deep coalbed methane (CBM). Based on the test and assay data of cores from exploration wells, this study systematically analyzed the theoretical production of deep CBM resources. By integrating the building of mathematical and numerical models, carbon isotope monitoring of methane, and the analysis of production curves, this study revealed the spatiotemporal evolutionary processes of production-induced pressure drop expansion, adsorbed gas desorption, …

An Experimental Study Of Ch4 Displacement By Co2 Under Varying Initial Reservoir Pressures, Xu Jiang, Jiang Shiyu, Peng Shoujian, Wang Zhonghui, Chen Jiaxuan, Niu Huiting

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective This study aims to reveal the evolutionary patterns of reservoir parameters during the CO₂-enhanced coalbed methane (CO₂-ECBM) recovery and the impact of initial reservoir pressure on CBM recovery by gas injection. Methods Based on the multi-field coupling-based physical simulation experiment system of gas injection into coal seams for production growth, this study conducted experiments of CH₄ displacement by CO₂ under a constant gas injection pressure of 2.0 MPa and initial reservoir pressures of 1.5 MPa, 1.0 MPa, and 0.5 MPa. Accordingly, this study explored the spatiotemporal evolutionary patterns of multiphysical field parameters such …

Parameter Optimization For Multistage Horizontal Well Fracturing Based On Multi-Cluster Perforation For Deep Coal Measure Gas: A Case Study Of The Jurassic Baijiahai Area In The Junggar Basin, Wang Bo, Jin Chenghong, Liu Jiang, Wang Zhiwei, Li Shenjian, Sheng Mao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The multistage horizontal well fracturing based on multi-cluster perforation has emerged as an effective approach for the efficient production of deep coal-measure gas (CMG). However, deep coals feature unique rock mechanical properties, fluid loss characteristics of reservoirs, and microfracture developmental characteristics, which differ significantly from those of unconventional shales, tight sandstones, and shallow coals. As a result, existing fracturing experience cannot be directly applied, highlighting the investigation of fracturing parameter optimization tailored for deep CMG production.Methods Focusing on deep CMG reservoirs in the Baijiahai area within the Junggar Basin, this study constructed a model of multistage horizontal well …

Measures And Effects Of Eco-Geological Restoration In Well No.4 In The Muli Mining Area, Qinghai Province, China, Zhao Xin, Wang Tong, Wang Weichao, Li Congcong, Li Fei, Jiang Zhikun, Li Jin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The Muli mining area, located in the hinterland of the Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province, serves as the source of the Datong River—a major tributary of the Yellow River. This area falls within the alpine permafrost region, exhibiting a sensitive, fragile ecosystem. In the early 21st century, disordered coal mining in this area has caused ecological damage. This has notably posed four challenges in the ecological restoration of well No.4 in this area: (1) high, steep, and unstable slopes of spoil heaps; (2) a large volume of water accumulating in mining pits; (3) permafrost excavation and destruction, and (4) land …

Advances In Research On Lithium In Coal-Bearing Strata And Its Isotopes, Zhang Yun, Wei Yingchun, Cao Daiyong, Li Xin, Jin Liangliang, Dong Bo, Wang Xin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Significance Lithium serves as a significant strategic metal in emerging industries, and lithium isotopes have become crucial geochemical tracers due to their pronounced mass-dependent fractionation effects. Therefore, lithium minerals in coal-bearing strata have emerged as a priority in recent exploration of strategic metallic mineral resources. Investigating the isotopic composition and variation of lithium in coal-bearing strata helps reveal the sources, migration, and enrichment process of lithium while also providing a theoretical basis for lithium exploration and exploitation in coal-bearing strata. Advances This study offers a summary of advances in research on lithium in coal-bearing strata and its isotopes from three …

Multi-Field Information Fusion-Based Analysis Of The Macroscopic And Mesoscopic Damage Evolution And Location Identification Of Caving And Water-Conducting Fracture Zones For Mining Overburden, Wei Jiangbo, Wang Shuangming, Liu Lang, Wei Baoning, Chong Deyu, Liu Zhizhen, Li Dongkui, Zhuang Dengdeng, Zhou Jing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective For the coal mining areas in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, there is an urgent need to determine the failure characteristics of the mining overburden and the spatial structural evolution of caving and water-conducting fracture zones in the overburden, which is recognized as the major challenge in coal mining through gangue grouting filling in goaves. Methods To accurately identify the locations of the caving and water-conducting fracture zones in the mining overburden, this study investigated mining face 42205 in the Liangshuijing Coal Mine in northern Shaanxi Province. Using drilling data, this study constructed a numerical model of …

Intelligent Identification Of The Acoustic Emission Characteristics And Crack Propagation States During Of Coal Failure Based On The Nrbo-Xgboost Model, Zhang Tianjun, Cao Xinshuang, Song Shuang, He Suinan, Xue Yilun, Liu Guoying, Chen Juntao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The dynamic hazards of coals are intimately associated with the complexity and uncertainty of coal failure, while accurately identifying the propagation states of coal cracks serves as a critical approach to investigating the instability failure of coals. However, the current identification methods based on the physical quantities of acoustic emission suffer from slow speeds and low efficiency, failing to meet the demand for safe, efficient, and intelligent mining of coal mines. Methods To achieve the intelligent identification of the crack propagation states of coals, this study constructed an optimization model based on the Newton-Raphson-based optimizer (NRBO) and the eXtreme …

Effects Of Coal Seam Dip Angle On Asymmetric Load Transfer Paths In The Overburden Of Inclined Stopes, Zhu Kaipeng, Luo Shenghu, Xie Panshi, Li Zhilin, Fan Juan, Tian Chengyang, Yi Leilei, Xu Hui

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objectives The coal seam dip angle is recognized as the root cause of far more complex load transfer paths in the overburden of inclined stopes compared to those of common coal seams. A clear understanding of the effects of the coal seam dip angle on the load transfer paths holds great significance for the stability control of surrounding rocks in inclined coal seams. Methods Based on the engineering background of a certain coal mine in Xinjiang, this study investigated the asymmetric deformations and failure of the overburden in inclined stopes using physical similar material simulation experiments, finite element numerical simulations, …

Operation Strategy Simulation Of The Heating System For Moderately Deep Geothermal Resources, Zhao Yongzhe, Zhao Baofeng, Hu Zhenyang, Gou Li, Du Dingshan, Liu Chenglu

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The active utilization of moderately deep geothermal resources for heating serves as a critical measure to achieve the goals of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality. Meanwhile, the effectiveness of the operation strategies of the heating system using these resources directly influences heating performance and significantly affects the energy consumption of the heating system. It is necessary to prevent resource waste while utilizing geothermal energy. Methods Based on a heating project using moderately deep geothermal resources in the Guanzhong Basin, Shaanxi Province, this study established a dynamic simulation model using the TRNSYS transient simulation software. Then, this study …

Fracture Activation In The Overburden And Aquiclude Stability Under The Mining Of Close-Distance Coal Seams, Cao Jian, Su Haitao, Wang Chao, Li Jianwei, Li Liang, Mao Xuwei

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background In the Jurassic coalfield of northern Shaanxi Province, the repeated mining of close-distance coal seams exacerbates the activation of fractures in the overburden. This is prone to cause aquiclude instability, leading to groundwater loss. Methods This study aims to reveal the characteristics of fractures in the overburden and the aquiclude stability in the mining of close-distance coal seams. Using a method combining measurement statistics, physical simulations using similar materials, and theoretical analysis, this study proposed categorizing primary coal-rock combinations based on the water-preserved mining of close-distance coal seams in the Jurassic coalfield of northern Shaanxi. Additionally, this study analyzed …